Shemakha uezd

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Shemakha uezd
Шемахинский уезд
Baku gub coa n655.png
Shemakha Uyezd of Baku Governorate.png
Location in the Baku Governorate
Country Russian Empire
Viceroyalty Caucasus
Governorate Baku
Established1840
Abolished1929
CapitalShemakha
(present-day Shamakhi)
Area
  Total7,540.79 km2 (2,911.52 sq mi)
Population
 (1916)
  Total161,552
  Density21/km2 (55/sq mi)
   Urban
17.18%
   Rural
82.82%

The Shemakha uezd [lower-alpha 1] was a county ( uezd ) within the Baku Governorate of the Russian Empire, and then of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Azerbaijan SSR until its formal abolishment in 1929. The county was located in central part of the Baku Governorate, bordering the Javad uezd to the south, Baku uezd to the east, Geokchay uezd to the west and Kuba uezd to the north. [1] The administrative centre of the county was the city of Shemakha (present-day Shamakhi). [2]

Contents

Administrative divisions

The prefectures (участки, uchastki ) of the Shemakha uezd in 1917 were as follow: [3] [4]

NameAdministrative centre1912 populationArea
Abdulyanskiy prefecture (Абдульянский участок)Chernovodsk28,8142,055.28 square versts (2,339.04  km2 ; 903.11  sq mi )
Kabristanskiy prefecture (Кабристанский участок)Marazy (Gobustan)45,7263,121.22 square versts (3,552.14  km2 ; 1,371.49  sq mi )
Koshunskiy prefecture (Кошунский участок)Shemakha (Shamakhi)53,7341,449.49 square versts (1,649.61  km2 ; 636.92  sq mi )

History

The county was established in 1840 and was initially made part of the Caspian Oblast, and later became the capital of the Shemakha Governorate in 1846. But due to an earthquake in 1859, the city and most of the county suffered great damage. Subsequently, capital of the Shemakha Governorate was moved from Shemakha to Baku and the governorate was renamed Baku Governorate. [5]

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Shemakha uezd had a population of 121,842 on 28 January [ O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 64,732 men and 57,110 women. The majority of the population indicated Tatar [lower-alpha 2] to be their mother tongue, with significant Armenian, Russian, and Tat speaking minorities. [8]

Linguistic composition of the Shemakha uezd in 1897 [8]
LanguageNative speakers%
Tatar [lower-alpha 2] 89,84073.73
Armenian 14,28311.72
Russian 11,2759.25
Tat 4,5173.71
Jewish 1,1040.91
Persian 1490.12
Lithuanian 1430.12
Avar-Andean 1260.10
Polish 1010.08
Ukrainian 860.07
Kyurin 730.06
Kazi-Kumukh 620.05
Georgian 490.04
German 130.01
Turkish 90.01
Mordovian 20.00
Belarusian 10.00
Greek 10.00
Other80.01
TOTAL121,842100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar , the Shemakha uezd had a population of 161,552 on 14 January [ O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 86,659 men and 74,893 women, 159,621 of whom were the permanent population, and 1,931 were temporary residents: [9]

Nationality Urban Rural TOTAL
Number%Number%Number%
Sunni Muslims [lower-alpha 3] 8,60531.0168,56951.2577,17447.77
Shia Muslims [lower-alpha 4] 12,52245.1228,01020.9340,53225.09
Armenians 4,53416.3417,81613.3222,35013.83
Russians 1,7376.2617,65613.2019,39312.00
Jews 1360.491,3050.981,4410.89
North Caucasians 2140.773030.235170.32
Asiatic Christians 00.001390.101390.09
Other Europeans 40.0120.0060.00
TOTAL27,752100.00133,800100.00161,552100.00

Soviet census (1926)

In 1926, the population of the county declined to 91,185. [11]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani". [6] [7]
  2. Primarily Turco-Tatars. [10]
  3. Primarily Tatars. [10]

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References

  1. Tsutsiev 2014, p. 59.
  2. "Administrative Territorial Division" (PDF). preslib.az. p. 119.
  3. Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 2–22.
  4. Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 140–143.
  5. Документы по истории Баку. 1810—1917. — Баку, 1978, с. 69
  6. Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
  7. Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
  8. 1 2 "Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. Распределение населения по родному языку и уездам Российской Империи кроме губерний Европейской России" (in Russian). Демоскоп.
  9. Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 178–181.
  10. 1 2 Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.
  11. "Population of Shamakhi Uyezd". Demoskop Weekly.

Bibliography

40°37′49″N48°38′29″E / 40.63028°N 48.64139°E / 40.63028; 48.64139