Dagestan Oblast

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Dagestan Oblast
Дагестанская область
Coat of arms of Dagestan Oblast 1878.svg
Dagestan Oblast ATD.png
Administrative map of the Dagestan Oblast
Country Russian Empire
Viceroyalty Caucasus
Established1860
Abolished1921
CapitalTemir-Khan-Shura
(present-day Buynaksk)
Area
  Total
29,709.63 km2 (11,470.95 sq mi)
Highest elevation4,466 m (14,652 ft)
Population
 (1916)
  Total
713,342
  Density24/km2 (62/sq mi)
   Urban
9.81%
   Rural
90.19%

The Dagestan Oblast [a] was a province ( oblast ) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It roughly corresponded to most of present-day southeastern Dagestan within the Russian Federation. The Dagestan oblast was created in 1860 out of the territories of the former Caucasian Imamate, bordering the Terek Oblast to the north, the Tiflis Governorate and Zakatal Okrug to the west, the Elizavetpol Governorate to the south, and Baku Governorate to the east. The administrative center of the oblast was Temir-Khan-Shura (present-day Buynaksk). [1]

Contents

Administrative divisions

The districts ( okrugs ) of the Dagestan oblast in 1917 were as follows: [2] [3]

Bold line denotes the largest city.

NameAdministrative centre and

the largest city

PopulationArea
1897 [4] 1917 [5] 18971916
Avarskiy okrug (Аварский округ) Khunzakh 1,587---37,63935,7491,148.27 square versts (1,306.80  km2 ; 504.56  sq mi )
Andiyskiy okrug (Андийский округ) Botlikh 1,225---49,62857,8753,152.17 square versts (3,587.37  km2 ; 1,385.09  sq mi )
Gunibskiy okrug (Гунибский округ) Gunib 685---55,89976,1753,422.33 square versts (3,894.82  km2 ; 1,503.80  sq mi )
Darginskiy okrug (Даргинский округ) Levashi 1,343---80,94385,1311,525.25 square versts (1,735.83  km2 ; 670.21  sq mi )
Kazikumukhskiy okrug (Казикумухский округ) Kumukh 621---45,36351,2501,270.80 square versts (1,446.25  km2 ; 558.40  sq mi )
Kaytago-Tabasaranskiy okrug (Кайтаго-Табасаранский округ) Madzhalis 1,327---91,02182,1542,896.54 square versts (3,296.44  km2 ; 1,272.76  sq mi )
Derbent 14,64931,168
Kyurinskiy okrug (Кюринский округ) Kasumkent 1,013---77,680117,2183,066.85 square versts (3,490.27  km2 ; 1,347.60  sq mi )
Samurskiy okrug (Самурский округ) Akhty 3,190---35,63371,5563,258.87 square versts (3,708.80  km2 ; 1,431.97  sq mi )
Temir-Khan-Shurinskiy okrug (Темир-Хан-Шуринский округ)Temir-Khan-Shura

(Buynaksk)

9,21415,23997,348136,2345,464.01 square versts (6,218.38  km2 ; 2,400.93  sq mi )
Petrovsk (Makhachkala)9,75323,566

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Dagestan oblast had a population of 571,154 on 28 January [ O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 283,279 men and 287,875 women. The plurality of the population indicated Avar-Andean to be their mother tongue, with significant Dargin, Kyurin, Kazi-Kumukh, Kumyk, and Tatar [b] speaking minorities. [2]

Linguistic composition of the Dagestan oblast in 1897 [2]
LanguageNative speakers%
Avar-Andean 158,55027.76
Dargin 121,37521.25
Kyurin 94,59616.56
Kazi-Kumukh 76,38113.37
Kumyk 51,2098.97
Tatar [b] 32,1435.63
Russian 13,1112.30
Jewish 7,3611.29
Tat 2,9980.52
Ukrainian 2,8950.51
Nogai 1,9090.33
Persian 1,7200.30
Armenian 1,6360.29
Polish 1,6300.29
Arabic 9120.16
Chechen 7570.13
Lithuanian 5200.09
Georgian 3750.07
German 2610.05
Belarusian 380.01
Other7770.14
TOTAL571,154100.00
Religious composition of the Dagestan oblast in 1897 [8]
FaithMaleFemaleBoth
Number%
Muslim 263,475276,815540,29094.60
Eastern Orthodox 10,9965,34116,3372.86
Judaism 5,3674,68910,0561.76
Roman Catholic 2,0791372,2160.39
Armenian Apostolic 9556681,6230.28
Old Believer 1841142980.05
Lutheran 1851002850.05
Armenian Catholic 245290.01
Baptist 1120.00
Anglican 0330.00
Buddhist 3030.00
Reformed 3030.00
Other non-Christian denomination7290.00
TOTAL283,279287,875571,154100.00

Linguistic composition of uezds in the Dagestan Oblast in 1897

OkrugAvar-AndeanDarginKyurinKazi-KumukhKumykTatarTOTAL
Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%Number%
Temir-Khan-Shura 15,19415.619,7249.99150.025880.6049,73051.081,2611.3097,348
Avar 36,06395.81180.0540.01130.0340.0150.0137,639
Andi 48,63798.0090.0210.00270.05240.05150.0349,628
Gunib 52,22793.437741.3800.002,1133.78170.03350.0655,899
Dargin 3,1313.8773,89991.390.013,7394.6200.0080.0180,943
Kazikumukh 2,4465.393,6578.069432.0838,01483.8470.101450.3245,363
Kaitago-Tabasaran 6280.6933,18636.463500.3817,67819.421,0351.1428,97531.8391,021
Kyurin 500.06450.0659,30976.3513,69417.6350.011,3211.7077680
Samur 1740.49630.1833,96595.325151.453460.973791.0635633
TOTAL158,55027.76121,37521.2594,59616.5676,38113.3751,2098.9732,1435.63571,154

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar , the Dagestan oblast had a population of 713,342 on 14 January [ O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 369,737 men and 343,605 women, 659,976 of whom were the permanent population, and 53,366 were temporary residents: [3]

Nationality Urban Rural TOTAL
Number%Number%Number%
North Caucasians 12,24717.50533,36782.90545,61476.49
Sunni Muslims [c] 1,1371.6290,84014.1291,97712.89
Russians 27,04538.659,0781.4136,1235.06
Jews 11,91317.035,3970.8417,3102.43
Shia Muslims [d] 11,26316.104,3520.6815,6152.19
Armenians 4,6686.67840.014,7520.67
Other Europeans 7361.052510.049870.14
Asiatic Christians 7851.1200.007850.11
Georgians 1790.2600.001790.03
TOTAL69,973100.00643,369100.00713,342100.00

Notes

  1. Russian: Дагестанская область, romanized: Dagestanskaya oblast
  2. 1 2 Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani". [6] [7]
  3. Primarily Turco-Tatars. [9]
  4. Primarily Tatars. [9]

References

  1. Tsutsiev 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru.
  3. 1 2 Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 186–193.
  4. "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2024-09-20.
  5. Кавказский календарь .... на 1917 год (in Russian).
  6. Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
  7. Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
  8. "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  9. 1 2 Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography

42°49′00″N47°07′00″E / 42.8167°N 47.1167°E / 42.8167; 47.1167