Tiflis uezd

Tiflis *uezd*
Тифлисскій уѣздъ
Tiflis uezd Тифлисскій уѣздъ
Uezd
	Coat of arms
	Location in the Tiflis Governorate
Country	Russian Empire
Viceroyalty	Caucasus
Governorate	Tiflis
Established	1804
Abolished	1930
Capital	Tiflis; (present-day Tbilisi)
Area
• Total	4,556.89 km2 (1,759.43 sq mi)
Population (1916)
• Total	521,222
• Density	110/km2 (300/sq mi)
• Urban	66.53%
• Rural	33.47%

Last updated November 02, 2024

The Tiflis uezd^{[lower-alpha 1]} was a county ( uezd ) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Tiflis (present-day Tbilisi). The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia. The district bordered the Telavi uezd to the northeast, the Tionety and Dusheti uezds to the north, the Gori uezd to the northwest, the Borchaly uezd to the west, the Kazakh uezd of the Elizavetpol Governorate to the south, and the Signakh uezd to the east.

History

The Tiflis uezd as part of the Georgia Governorate was formed in 1801 as a result of the annexation of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakhetian to the Russian Empire. In 1840, the district formed a part of the Georgia-Imeretia Governorate, then after 1846 it was included in the Tiflis Governorate until its abolition by Soviet authorities. In 1880, the Borchaly uezd was detached from the Tiflis uezd to be administered separately.^[1]

Following the Russian Revolution, the Tiflis uezd was incorporated into the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia.^[2]

Administrative divisions

The subcounties ( uchastoks ) of the Tiflis uezd in 1913 were as follows:^[3]

Name	1912 population	Area
Karayazskiy uchastok (Караязскій участокъ)	7,724	1,426.51 square versts (1,623.46 km² ; 626.82 sq mi )
Sartachalskiy uchastok (Сартачальскій участокъ)	31,905	1,073.92 square versts (1,222.19 km² ; 471.89 sq mi )
Tiflisskiy uchastok (Тифлисскій участокъ)	33,313	1,503.65 square versts (1,711.25 km² ; 660.72 sq mi )
Prigorodny raion (Пригородный раіонъ)	12,168	–

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Tiflis uezd had a population of 234,632 on 28 January [ O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 137,849 men and 96,783 women. The plurality of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue, with significant Armenian, Russian, and Tatar^{[lower-alpha 2]} speaking minorities.^[6]

Linguistic composition of the Tiflis *uezd* in 1897^[6]
Language	Native speakers	%
Georgian	80,293	34.22
Armenian	57,933	24.69
Russian	51,775	22.07
Tatar^{[lower-alpha 2]}	13,764	5.87
German	5,417	2.31
Polish	4,918	2.10
Greek	4,554	1.94
Ukrainian	3,450	1.47
Jewish	3,336	1.42
Persian	1,766	0.75
Ossetian	1,712	0.73
Assyrian	1,354	0.58
Imeretian	1,005	0.43
Lithuanian	828	0.35
French	342	0.15
Kurdish	220	0.09
Czech	191	0.08
Mingrelian	191	0.08
Romanian	175	0.07
Italian	150	0.06
Belarusian	148	0.06
Chuvash	141	0.06
Avar-Andean	124	0.05
Latvian	96	0.04
Turkish	71	0.03
Dargin	59	0.03
Chechen	52	0.02
Kazi-Kumukh	47	0.02
Kyurin	43	0.02
Kist	9	0.00
Other	468	0.20
TOTAL	234,632	100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar , the Tiflis uezd had a population of 521,222 on 14 January [ O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 283,326 men and 236,896 women, 339,668 of whom were the permanent population, and 181,554 were temporary residents:^[7]

Nationality	Urban		Rural		TOTAL
Nationality	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Armenians	149,294	43.05	26,044	14.93	175,338	33.64
Georgians	37,584	10.84	96,040	55.05	133,624	25.64
Russians	91,997	26.53	29,042	16.65	121,039	23.22
Other Europeans	11,883	3.43	9,075	5.20	20,958	4.02
Asiatic Christians	19,560	5.64	35	0.02	19,595	3.76
Shia Muslims ^{[lower-alpha 3]}	9,408	2.71	8,186	4.69	17,594	3.38
Jews	10,712	3.09	306	0.18	11,018	2.11
Sunni Muslims ^{[lower-alpha 4]}	6,273	1.81	3,842	2.20	10,115	1.94
Yazidis	4,697	1.35	0	0.00	4,697	0.90
North Caucasians	2,685	0.77	938	0.54	3,623	0.70
Kurds	2,279	0.66	948	0.54	3,227	0.62
Roma	394	0.11	0	0.00	394	0.08
TOTAL	346,766	100.00	174,456	100.00	521,222	100.00

Notes

↑
- Russian: Тифлисскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Tiflíssky uyézd
- Georgian :ტფილისის მაზრა, romanized:t'pilisis mazra
- Armenian: Թիֆլիսի գավառ, romanized: T̕iflisi gavaṙ
1 2 Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".^[4]^[5]
↑ Primarily Tatars.^[8]
↑ Primarily Turco-Tatars.^[8]

Related Research Articles

The Borchaly uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and later of the independent and Soviet republics of Georgia. Its administrative center was the town of Shulavery. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Lori Province of Armenia and the Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia.

The Nukha uezd was a county (uezd) of the Elizavetpol Governorate of the Russian Empire and later of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic with its center in Nukha from 1868 until its formal abolition in 1921 by the Soviet authorities of the Azerbaijan SSR.

The Erivan uezd was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The uezd bordered the Etchmiadzin and Surmalu uezds to the west, the Nor Bayazet uezd to the east, the Sharur-Daralayaz uezd to the south, and Iran to the southwest. It included most of the Ararat Province and southern parts of the Kotayk Province of central Armenia, the Sadarak District of the Nakhchivan exclave of Azerbaijan, and the Aras corridor of the Aralık District of the Iğdır Province of Turkey. The administrative centre of the county was the city of Erivan.

The Sharur-Daralayaz uezd was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the governorate's Erivan and Nor Bayazet uezds to the north, the Nakhichevan uezd to the south, the Zangezur and Jevanshir uezds of the Elizavetpol Governorate to the east, and Persia to the southwest. It included most of the Vayots Dzor Province of present-day Armenia and the Sharur District of the Nakhchivan exclave of present-day Azerbaijan. The administrative centre of the county was Bashnorashen.

The Etchmiadzin uezd was a county (uezd) of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The uezd bordered the Alexandropol uezd to the north, the Nor Bayazet uezd to the east, Erivan uezd to the north, the Surmalu uezd to the south, and the Kars Oblast to the west. It included all of the Armavir Province and most of the Aragatsotn Province of present-day Armenia. The administrative centre of the county was Vagorshapat (Vagharshapat), also referred to as Etchmiadzin—the administrative capital of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

The Ozurgeti uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Senaki uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the east, the Akhaltsikhe uezd of the Tiflis Governorate to the southeast, the Batum Okrug of the Batum Oblast to the south, and the Black Sea to the west. The area of the Ozurgeti uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Guria region of Georgia. The county was eponymously named for its administrative center, Ozurgeti.

The Javad uezd, known after 1921 as the Salyan uezd, was a county (uezd) within the Baku Governorate of the Russian Empire and then of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Azerbaijan SSR until its formal abolishment in 1929 by the Soviet authorities. The uezd was located in the central part of the governorate, bordering the Geokchay, Shemakha, and Baku uezds to the north, Caspian Sea to the east, Lenkoran uezd to the south and Iran to the west. The administrative center of the uezd was the city of Salyan.

The Zugdidi uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Sukhumi Okrug to the north, the Lechkhumi uezd to the east, the Senaki uezd to the south, and the Black Sea to the west. The area of the Zugdidi uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The county was eponymously named for its administrative center, Zugdidi.

The Shemakha uezd was a county (uezd) within the Baku Governorate of the Russian Empire, and then of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Azerbaijan SSR until its formal abolishment in 1929. The county was located in central part of the Baku Governorate, bordering the Javad uezd to the south, Baku uezd to the east, Geokchay uezd to the west and Kuba uezd to the north. The administrative centre of the county was the city of Shemakha.

The Akhalkalaki uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Akhalkalak. The county bordered the Gori uezd to the north, the Borchaly uezd to the east, the Alexandropol uezd of the Erivan Governorate and the Kars and Ardahan okrugs of the Kars Oblast to the south, and the Akhaltsikhe uezd to the west. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Samtskhe–Javakheti region of Georgia.

The Tionety uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Tionety. The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of Georgia.

The Akhaltsikhe uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative center in Akhaltsikh. The uezd bordered the Gori uezd and the Kutaisi Governorate to the north, the Akhalkalaki uezd to the east, the Ardahan Okrug of the Kars Oblast to the south, and the Batum Okrug of the Batum Oblast to the west. The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia.

The Gori uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative center in Gori. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Shida Kartli region of Georgia.

The Dusheti uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Dushet. The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of Georgia.

The Signakh uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Signakh. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Kakheti region of Georgia.

The Telavi uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative center in Telavi. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia.

The Kutaisi uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Akhaltsikhe uezd of the Tiflis Governorate to the south, the Ozurgeti and Senaki uezds to the west, the Lechkhumi and Racha uezds to the north, and the Shorapani uezd to the east. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Imereti region of Georgia. The Kutaisi uezd was eponymously named for its administrative center, Kutais.

The Lechkhumi uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Terek and Kuban oblasts to the north, the Sukhumi Okrug to the west, the Zugdidi, Senaki, and Kutais uezds to the south and the Racha uezd to the east. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The administrative center of the Lechkhumi uezd was the town of Tsageri.

The Senaki uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Zugdidi uezd to the west, the Lechkhumi uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the east, and the Ozurgeti uezd to the south. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The Senaki uezd was eponymously named for its administrative center, Senaki.

The Shorapani uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Racha uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the west, and the Tiflis Governorate to the east. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Imereti region of Georgia. The administrative center of the Shorapani uezd was Kvirila.

References

↑ Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopaedia: Tiflis Governorate (in Russian)
↑ Tsutsiev 2014.
↑ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 164–175.
↑ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
↑ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
1 2 "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
↑ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 206–213.
1 2 Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography

Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.

Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.

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[1] 
Russian: Тифлисскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Tiflíssky uyézd
Georgian :ტფილისის მაზრა, romanized:t'pilisis mazra
Armenian: Թիֆլիսի գավառ, romanized: T̕iflisi gavaṙ

[mwAa4] Russian: Тифлисскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Tiflíssky uyézd

[mwAbc] Georgian :ტფილისის მაზრა, romanized:t'pilisis mazra

[mwAcA] Armenian: Թիֆլիսի գավառ, romanized: T̕iflisi gavaṙ

[Caucasian_Tatars-7] 1 2 Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".^[4]^[5]

[11] Primarily Tatars.^[8]

[12] Primarily Turco-Tatars.^[8]

[bee-2] Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopaedia: Tiflis Governorate (in Russian)

[FOOTNOTETsutsiev2014-3] Tsutsiev 2014.

[FOOTNOTEКавказский_календарь_на_1913_год164–175-4] Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 164–175.

[FOOTNOTEBournoutian201835_(note_25)-5] Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).

[FOOTNOTETsutsiev201450-6] Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.

[:0-8] 1 2 "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.

[FOOTNOTEКавказский_календарь_на_1917_год206–213-9] Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 206–213.

[FOOTNOTEHovannisian197167-10] 1 2 Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

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v t e Subdivisions of the Russian Empire
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Oblasts	Amur Belostok Bessarabia Don Host Transbaikal Kamchatka Caspian Kwantung Orenburg Kirghiz Omsk Primorskaya Sakhalin Taurida Tarnopol Turgay Ural Yakutsk
Oblasts of Stepnoy Krai	Akmolinsk Siberian Kirghiz Semipalatinsk
Oblasts of Turkestan Krai	Transcaspian Samarkand Semirechye Oblast Syr-Darya Oblast Turkestan Fergana
Caucasus Viceroyalty	Baku (Governorate) Black Sea Derbent Elizavetpol Erivan Georgia-Imeretia Georgia Kutaisi Shemakha Tiflis Armenian Batum Dagestan Imeretia Kars Kuban Terek Sukhumi Zakatal Baku (Gradonachalstvo)
Baltic Governorates³	Courland Livonia Reval Riga Estonia
Governorates of Finland	Abo-Byorneborg Vaza Vyborg Kuopio Nyuland Sankt-Mikhel Tavastgus Uleaborg
Governorates of Poland	Avgustov Warsaw Kalish Keltsy Krakov Lomzha Lyublin Mazovia Petrokov Plotsk Podlyashye Radom Sandomir Sedlets Suvalki
Governorates of Galicia and Bukovina	Lvov Peremyshl Tarnopol Chernovtsy
Dependencies	Bukey Horde Emirate of Bukhara Khanate of Kokand Russian America Uryankhay Krai² Khanate of Khiva Zeravshan Okrug*
¹ Italics indicates renamed or abolished governorates, oblasts, etc on 1 January 1914. ² An asterisk (+) indicates governorates formed or created with renaming after 1 January 1914. ³ Ostsee or Baltic general-governorship was abolished in 1876.