Signakh uezd

Signakh *uezd*
Сигнахскій уѣздъ
Signakh uezd Сигнахскій уѣздъ
Uezd
	Coat of arms
	Location in the Tiflis Governorate
Country	Russian Empire
Viceroyalty	Caucasus
Governorate	Tiflis
Established	1801
Abolished	1929
Capital	Signakh; (present-day Signagi)
Area
• Total	6,022.39 km2 (2,325.26 sq mi)
Population (1916)
• Total	153,864
• Density	26/km2 (66/sq mi)
• Urban	11.48%
• Rural	88.52%

Last updated November 07, 2024

The Signakh uezd^[a] was a county ( uezd ) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Signakh (present-day Signagi).^[1] The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Kakheti region of Georgia.

History

Following the Russian Revolution, the Signakh uezd was incorporated into the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia.^[1]

Administrative divisions

The subcounties ( uchastoks ) of the Signakh uezd in 1913 were as follows:^[2]

Name	1912 population	Area
Bakurtsikhskiy uchastok (Бакурцихскій участокъ)	23,881	1,170.96 square versts (1,332.63 km² ; 514.53 sq mi )
Kodalskiy uchastok (Кодальскій участокъ)	50,638	1,205.14 square versts (1,371.52 km² ; 529.55 sq mi )
Nizhne-Machkhaanskiy uchastok (Нижне-Мачхаанскій участокъ)	53,588	733.29 square versts (834.53 km² ; 322.21 sq mi )
Shirakskiy uchastok (Ширакскій участокъ)	6,222	2,182.40 square versts (2,483.71 km² ; 958.96 sq mi )
Zaalazanskiy raion (Заалазанскій раіонъ)	12,645	–

Demographics

Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Signakh uezd had a population of 102,313 on 28 January [ O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 55,958 men and 46,355 women. The majority of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue, with significant Armenian and Tatar^[b] speaking minorities.^[5]

Linguistic composition of the Signakh *uezd* in 1897^[5]
Language	Native speakers	%
Georgian	84,827	82.91
Armenian	6,392	6.25
Tatar^[b]	5,272	5.15
Russian	4,413	4.31
Ukrainian	447	0.44
Avar-Andean	279	0.27
Lithuanian	187	0.18
Polish	126	0.12
Jewish	108	0.11
Belarusian	50	0.05
German	44	0.04
Imeretian	39	0.04
Ossetian	30	0.03
Czech	12	0.01
Persian	11	0.01
Kazi-Kumukh	10	0.01
Greek	8	0.01
Mingrelian	8	0.01
Latvian	6	0.01
Dargin	4	0.00
Italian	1	0.00
Kist	1	0.00
Kyurin	1	0.00
Other	37	0.04
TOTAL	102,313	100.00

Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar , the Signakh uezd had a population of 153,864 on 14 January [ O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 80,670 men and 73,194 women, 148,646 of whom were the permanent population, and 5,218 were temporary residents:^[6]

Nationality	Urban		Rural		TOTAL
Nationality	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Georgians	8,493	48.09	109,790	80.61	118,283	76.88
Armenians	8,970	50.79	6,038	4.43	15,008	9.75
Russians	179	1.01	11,500	8.44	11,679	7.59
Shia Muslims ^[c]	0	0.00	3,275	2.40	3,275	2.13
Asiatic Christians	0	0.00	3,201	2.35	3,201	2.08
Sunni Muslims ^[d]	0	0.00	1,862	1.37	1,862	1.21
Jews	7	0.04	324	0.24	331	0.22
North Caucasians	0	0.00	210	0.15	210	0.14
Other Europeans	13	0.07	2	0.00	15	0.01
TOTAL	17,662	100.00	136,202	100.00	153,864	100.00

Notes

↑
- Russian: Сигна́хскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Signákhsky uyézd
- Georgian :სიღნაღის მაზრა, romanized:sighnaghis mazra
1 2 Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".^[3]^[4]
↑ Primarily Tatars.^[7]
↑ Primarily Turco-Tatars.^[7]

Related Research Articles

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The Dagestan Oblast was a province (oblast) of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It roughly corresponded to most of present-day southeastern Dagestan within the Russian Federation. The Dagestan oblast was created in 1860 out of the territories of the former Caucasian Imamate, bordering the Terek Oblast to the north, the Tiflis Governorate and Zakatal Okrug to the west, the Elizavetpol Governorate to the south, and Baku Governorate to the east. The administrative center of the oblast was Temir-Khan-Shura.

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The Zugdidi uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Sukhumi Okrug to the north, the Lechkhumi uezd to the east, the Senaki uezd to the south, and the Black Sea to the west. The area of the Zugdidi uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The county was eponymously named for its administrative center, Zugdidi.

The Shemakha uezd was a county (uezd) within the Baku Governorate of the Russian Empire, and then of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Azerbaijan SSR until its formal abolishment in 1929. The county was located in central part of the Baku Governorate, bordering the Javad uezd to the south, Baku uezd to the east, Geokchay uezd to the west and Kuba uezd to the north. The administrative centre of the county was the city of Shemakha.

The Akhalkalaki uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Akhalkalak. The county bordered the Gori uezd to the north, the Borchaly uezd to the east, the Alexandropol uezd of the Erivan Governorate and the Kars and Ardahan okrugs of the Kars Oblast to the south, and the Akhaltsikhe uezd to the west. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Samtskhe–Javakheti region of Georgia.

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The Akhaltsikhe uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative center in Akhaltsikh. The uezd bordered the Gori uezd and the Kutaisi Governorate to the north, the Akhalkalaki uezd to the east, the Ardahan Okrug of the Kars Oblast to the south, and the Batum Okrug of the Batum Oblast to the west. The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia.

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The Dusheti uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Dushet. The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of Georgia.

The Telavi uezd was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative center in Telavi. The area of the county roughly corresponded to the contemporary Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia.

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The Senaki uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Zugdidi uezd to the west, the Lechkhumi uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the east, and the Ozurgeti uezd to the south. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. The Senaki uezd was eponymously named for its administrative center, Senaki.

The Shorapani uezd was a county (uezd) of the Kutaisi Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Racha uezd to the north, the Kutaisi uezd to the west, and the Tiflis Governorate to the east. The area of the uezd corresponded to most of the contemporary Imereti region of Georgia. The administrative center of the Shorapani uezd was Kvirila.

The Kaytago-Tabasaranskiy okrug was a district (okrug) of the Dagestan Oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Kaytago-Tabasaranskiy okrug is included in contemporary Dagestan of the Russian Federation. The district's administrative centre was Madzhalis.

The Kizlyarsky otdel was a Cossack district of the Terek oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. The area of the Kizlyarsky otdel makes up part of the North Caucasian Federal District of Russia. The district was eponymously named for its administrative center, Kizlyar.

References

1 2 Tsutsiev 2014.
↑ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 164–175.
↑ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
↑ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
1 2 "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
↑ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 206–213.
1 2 Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

Bibliography

Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.

Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.

41°37′07″N45°55′18″E / 41.61861°N 45.92167°E / 41.61861; 45.92167

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[1] 
Russian: Сигна́хскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Signákhsky uyézd
Georgian :სიღნაღის მაზრა, romanized:sighnaghis mazra

[mwAWM] Russian: Сигна́хскій уѣ́здъ, romanized: Signákhsky uyézd

[mwAWw] Georgian :სიღნაღის მაზრა, romanized:sighnaghis mazra

[Caucasian_Tatars-6] 1 2 Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".^[3]^[4]

[10] Primarily Tatars.^[7]

[11] Primarily Turco-Tatars.^[7]

[FOOTNOTETsutsiev2014-2] 1 2 Tsutsiev 2014.

[FOOTNOTEКавказский_календарь_на_1913_год164–175-3] Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 164–175.

[FOOTNOTEBournoutian201835_(note_25)-4] Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).

[FOOTNOTETsutsiev201450-5] Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.

[:0-7] 1 2 "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.

[FOOTNOTEКавказский_календарь_на_1917_год206–213-8] Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 206–213.

[FOOTNOTEHovannisian197167-9] 1 2 Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.

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Oblasts of Stepnoy Krai	Akmolinsk Siberian Kirghiz Semipalatinsk
Oblasts of Turkestan Krai	Transcaspian Samarkand Semirechye Oblast Syr-Darya Oblast Turkestan Fergana
Caucasus Viceroyalty	Baku (Governorate) Black Sea Derbent Elizavetpol Erivan Georgia-Imeretia Georgia Kutaisi Shemakha Tiflis Armenian Batum Dagestan Imeretia Kars Kuban Terek Sukhumi Zakatal Baku (Gradonachalstvo)
Baltic Governorates³	Courland Livonia Reval Riga Estonia
Governorates of Finland	Abo-Byorneborg Vaza Vyborg Kuopio Nyuland Sankt-Mikhel Tavastgus Uleaborg
Governorates of Poland	Avgustov Warsaw Kalish Keltsy Krakov Lomzha Lyublin Mazovia Petrokov Plotsk Podlyashye Radom Sandomir Sedlets Suvalki
Governorates of Galicia and Bukovina	Lvov Peremyshl Tarnopol Chernovtsy
Dependencies	Bukey Horde Emirate of Bukhara Khanate of Kokand Russian America Uryankhay Krai² Khanate of Khiva Zeravshan Okrug*
¹ Italics indicates renamed or abolished governorates, oblasts, etc on 1 January 1914. ² An asterisk (+) indicates governorates formed or created with renaming after 1 January 1914. ³ Ostsee or Baltic general-governorship was abolished in 1876.