Slovincian National Park

Last updated • 3 min readFrom Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
Slovincian National Park
SlowinskiNationalParkPL.jpg
A satellite image of the park
Slovincian National Park
Location Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland
Nearest city Słupsk
Coordinates 54°42′12″N17°18′25″E / 54.70333°N 17.30694°E / 54.70333; 17.30694
Area186.18 km2 (71.88 sq mi)
Established1967
Governing bodyMinistry of the Environment
Designated24 October 1995
Reference no.757 [1]

The Slovincian National Park (Polish : Słowiński Park Narodowy), also known as Słowiński National Park, is a national park in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It is situated on the Baltic coast, between Łeba and Rowy. The northern boundary of the park consists of 32.5 kilometres (20.2 mi) of coastline.

Contents

History

The original idea of creating a preserve here was floated in 1946, at a conference in Łeba with scientists from Poznań and Gdańsk. The park, however, was created 21 years later, in 1967, on an area of 180.69 km2 (69.76 sq mi). Today it is slightly larger, covering 186.18 km2 (71.88 sq mi), of which 102.13 km2 (39.43 sq mi) consists of waters and 45.99 km2 (17.76 sq mi) of forests. The strictly preserved zone covers 56.19 km2 (21.70 sq mi). In 1977 UNESCO designated the park a biosphere reserve under its Programme on Man and the Biosphere (MaB). The Slovincian wetlands were designated a Ramsar site in 1995. [2]

The park is named after the West Slavic (later Germanized) people known as the Slovincians (Polish : Słowińcy), who used to live in this swampy, inaccessible area at the edge of Lake Leba. In the village of Kluki, there is an open-air museum presenting aspects of this people's former life and culture.

Geography

In the past[ when? ], the park's area was a Baltic Sea bay. The sea's activity, however, created sand dunes which in the course of time separated the bay from the Baltic Sea. As waves and wind carry sand inland the dunes slowly move, at a speed of 3 to 10 metres per year. Some dunes are quite high - up to 30 metres. The highest peak of the park Rowokol (115 metres (377 ft) above sea level) is also an excellent observation point. The "moving dunes" are regarded as a curiosity of nature on a European scale.

Waters, which occupy 55% of park's area, are made up of lakes - Łebsko (71.40 km2 (27.57 sq mi), maximum depth 6.3 m (21 ft)), Gardno (24.68 km2 (9.53 sq mi), maximum depth 2.6 m (8.5 ft)) and Dolgie Wielkie (1.46 km2 (0.56 sq mi), maximum depth 2.9 m (9.5 ft)). Both Lebsko and Gardno lakes were previously bays. There are also seven rivers crossing the park, the largest being the Łeba and the Łupawa.

Forests in the park are mainly made of pines. These trees cover 80% of wooded areas; there are also peat bogs of several types. Of animals, the most numerous are birds with 257 species. This is because the park is located on the paths of migrating birds. They feel safe here because human activities are limited. The most interesting species are: erne, eagle owl, crow, swan and various kinds of ducks. Among the mammals, there are deer, wild pigs and hares.

Tourist amenities

There are around 140 kilometres (87 mi) of tourist walking trails. Beside the lakes are observation towers and along the trails one can find benches and resting places. Around the park there are many parking sites as well as hotels and camp sites, especially in Łeba.

Images

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake Saint Pierre</span> Lake in Quebec, Canada

Lake Saint Pierre is a lake in Quebec, Canada, a widening of the Saint Lawrence River between Sorel-Tracy and Trois-Rivières. It is located downstream, and northeast, of Montreal; and upstream, and southwest, of Quebec City. The end of the lake delimits the beginning of the estuary of Saint Lawrence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slovincians</span> Subgroup of Kashubians

Slovincians, also known as Łeba Kashubians, is a near-extinct ethnic subgroup of the Kashubian people, who originated from the north western Kashubia, located in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, from the area around the lakes of Łebsko and Gardno. In the aftermath of World War II, Slovincians emigrated en masse to Germany, with the last families emigrating there in the 1980s. They originally spoke the Slovincian language, which went extinct in the early 20th century, as well as Kashubian, Polish, and German.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake Peipus</span> Lake on the Estonia-Russia border

Lake Peipus is the largest trans-boundary lake in Europe, lying on the international border between Estonia and Russia.

UNESCO Biosphere Reserves are environment-protected scientific-research institutions of international status that are created with the intent for conservation in a natural state the most typical natural complexes of biosphere, conducting background ecological monitoring, studying of the surrounding natural environment, its changes under the activity of anthropogenic factors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Łeba</span> Place in Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland

Łeba is a seaside town in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of northern Poland. It is located in the region of Gdańsk Pomerania (Pomerelia), near Łebsko Lake and the mouth of the river Łeba on the Slovincian Coast of the Baltic Sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Étang Saumâtre</span> Salt lake in Plaine du Cul-de-Sac

Étang Saumâtre, is the largest lake in Haiti It is also known as Lake Azuéi ; its Taíno name was Yainagua.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake Prespa</span> Lake in South-eastern Europe

The Lake Prespa is located on the tripoint of North Macedonia, Albania and Greece. It is a system of two lakes separated by an isthmus: the Great Prespa Lake, divided between the three countries, and the Little Prespa Lake, mostly within Greece. They are the highest tectonic lakes in the Balkans, at an elevation of 853 metres (2,799 ft).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Malham Tarn</span> Natural upland lake in North Yorkshire, England

Malham Tarn is a glacial lake near the village of Malham in the Yorkshire Dales, England. The lake is one of only eight upland alkaline lakes in Europe. At an altitude of 377 metres (1,237 ft) above sea level it is the highest marl lake in the United Kingdom. Its geology, flora and fauna have led to it being listed under a number of conservation designations. The site is currently owned by the National Trust, who used to lease part of the site to the Field Studies Council but this closed as a field centre in 2022. The site was the inspiration for Charles Kingsley's 1863 novel The Water-Babies, A Fairy Tale for a Land Baby.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Łeba (river)</span> River in Poland

The Łeba, a river in Middle Pomerania (Poland), originates near the village of Borzestowo west of Kartuzy, passes through Łebsko Lake and empties into the Baltic Sea. It is 117 km long with a basin area of 1,801 km².

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giant Mountains National Park</span> National park in Poland

Giant Mountains National Park is a National Park in the Giant Mountains in the Sudetes in southwestern Poland, along the border with the Czech Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wigry National Park</span> National park in Poland

Wigry National Park is a national park in Podlaskie Voivodeship in northeastern Poland. It covers parts of the Masurian Lake District and Augustów Primeval Forest. It is named after Lake Wigry, the largest of the park's many lakes. It is also designated as a Ramsar wetland site, one of 13 such sites in Poland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tatra National Park, Poland</span>

Tatra National Park is a national park located in the Tatra Mountains in Tatra County, in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship in central-southern Poland. The park is headquartered in the town of Zakopane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lake Gardno</span> Lake in Poland

Gardno is a lake in the Słowińskie Lakeland in Pomeranian Voivodship, Poland. It is the part of Słowiński National Park. Its area is 24.69 km2 (9.53 sq mi). It is 6.8 km long and 4.7 km wide. Maximum depth is 2.6 m.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Łebsko Lake</span> Lake in Żarnowska, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland

Łebsko Lake is a brackish coastal lake in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland. It is connected to the Baltic Sea by the Łeba River, which causes saltwater intrusion. It is located within Słowiński National Park. The lake formed when sea winds pushed up a spit of sand that ultimately separated it from the Baltic sea. The town of Łeba sits where the Łeba river meets the sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wildlife of Chad</span>

The wildlife of Chad is composed of its flora and fauna. West African lions, buffalo, hippopotamuses, Kordofan giraffes, antelopes, African leopards, cheetahs, hyenas, Bush elephants, and many species of snakes are found there, although most large carnivore populations have been drastically reduced since the early 20th century. Elephant poaching, particularly in the south of the country in areas such as Zakouma National Park, is a severe problem.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Butrint Lagoon</span> Lake and tourist attraction in Albania

Butrint Lagoon is a salt lagoon south of Saranda, Albania, located in direct proximity of the Ionian Sea. It is surrounded by dense forested hills, rocky coast and complemented by saltwater and freshwater marshlands. The lake has a length of 7.1 km (4.4 mi) and a width of 3.3 km (2.1 mi), with a surface area of 16 km2 (6.18 sq mi). The maximum depth of the lake is 24.4 m (80 ft). At the south, the Vivari Channel connects the lagoon to the sea.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bundala National Park</span> National park in Sri Lanka

Bundala National Park is an internationally important wintering ground for migratory water birds in Sri Lanka. Bundala harbors 197 species of birds, the highlight being the greater flamingo, which migrate in large flocks. Bundala was designated a wildlife sanctuary in 1969 and redesignated to a national park on 4 January 1993. In 1991 Bundala became the first wetland to be declared as a Ramsar site in Sri Lanka. In 2005 the national park was designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO, the fourth biosphere reserve in Sri Lanka. The national park is situated 245 kilometres (152 mi) southeast of Colombo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geography of Poland</span>

Poland is a country that extends across the North European Plain from the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains in the south to the sandy beaches of the Baltic Sea in the north. Poland is the fifth-most populous country of the European Union and the ninth-largest country in Europe by area. The territory of Poland covers approximately 312,696 km2 (120,733 sq mi), of which 98.52% is land and 1.48% is water. The Polish coastline was estimated at 770 km (478 mi) in length. Poland's highest point is Rysy, at 2,500 m (8,202 ft).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Slovincian Coast</span> Place in Poland

The Slovincian Coast (313.41) is a mesoregion, the northernmost part of the Koszalin Coast, with an area of 1132 km2. The highest hill is Rowokół, at 114,8 metres above sea level. The coast stretches from the west at Kołobrzeg, up to the east at Karwia. The landscape mainly compromises of dunes, marshland and lakes. The region is sparsely populated. The towns of Łeba, Ustka, Darłowo and Mielno are located on the coast. In the region of the Slovincian Coast is the Słowiński National Park, and the spas of Ustka and Dąbki.

References

  1. "Słowiński National Park". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  2. "Ramsar Information Sheet - Poland - Słowiński National Park" (PDF). 2019-01-24. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-01-23. Retrieved 2023-12-04.