Timeline of Asian nations

Last updated

This table is under construction.

This timeline lists all Asian sovereign nations, both current and defunct, of the second and third millennia. Vassal states, unrecognized states or states with limited recognition throughout history are generally not included unless they evolved at some point into a sovereign state. Territorial changes that don't consume whole nations or produce new ones are not considered.

Current Sovereign States  / Decadesbefore100010101020103010401050106010701080109011001110112011301140115011601170118011901200121012201230124012501260127012801290130013101320133013401350136013701380139014001410142014301440145014601470148014901500151015201530154015501560157015801590160016101620163016401650166016701680169017001710172017301740175017601770178017901800181018201830184018501860187018801890190019101920193019401950196019701980199020002010Decades /  Current Sovereign States
Flag of the Philippines.svg
Philippines 		900
Kingdom of Tondo 		1500
Kingdom of Tondo 		Flag of Spain.svg 1589
Spanish East Indies (Spanish Empire)		 Flag of Spain.svg 1600
Spanish East Indies (Spanish Empire)		 Flag of United Kingdom.svg 1762
British Manila (British Empire)		 Flag of Spain.svg 1768
Spanish East Indies (Spanish Empire)		 Flag of Spain.svg 1800
Spanish East Indies (Spanish Empire)		 Philippines Flag Original.svg 1899
First Philippine Republic 		Flag of the United States.svg 1901
U.S Military Government Philippines (United States)		 Flag of the United States.svg 1917
U.S Military Government Philippines (United States)		 Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg 1935
Commonwealth of the Philippines (United States)		 Flag of Japan.svg 1942
Second Philippine Republic (Japanese Empire)		 Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg 1945
Commonwealth of the Philippines (United States)		 Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg 1946
Third Republic of the Philippines 		Flag of the Philippines (light blue).svg 1965
Fourth Republic of the Philippines 		Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg 1986
Fifth Republic of the Philippines 		Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg
Philippines
1500?
Kingdom of Maynila (Sultanate of Brunei)		 Flag of Spain.svg 1571
Spanish East Indies (Spanish Empire)
Tagalog people 1000?
Kingdom of Namayan
950
Kingdom of Butuan
Cebuano people, Moro people Flag of Maguindanao.svg 1500?
Sultanate of Maguindanao
Tausūg people Late 19th Century Flag of Sulu.svg 1457?
Sultanate of Sulu
Flag of Brunei.svg
Brunei 		600?
Po-ni (Srivijayan Empire)		1250?
Po-ni 		Old Flag of Brunei.svg 1375
Sultanate of Brunei 		Old Flag of Brunei.svg 1842
Sultanate of Brunei 		Old Flag of Brunei.svg 1882
Sultanate of Brunei 		Old Flag of Brunei.svg 1888
Protectorate of Brunei (British Empire)		 Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1942
Brunei (Japanese Empire)		 Flag of Brunei from 1906 to 1959.svg 1945
Protectorate of Brunei (British Empire)		 Flag of Brunei.svg 1984
Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace 		Flag of Brunei.svg
Brunei
Flag of Malaysia.svg
Malaysia 		Flag of North Borneo (1902-1946).svg 1882
North Borneo (British Empire)		 Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1942
North Borneo (Japanese Empire)		 Flag of North Borneo (1902-1946).svg 1945
North Borneo (British Empire)		 Flag of North Borneo (1948-1963).svg 1946
Crown Colony of North Borneo (British Empire)		 Flag of Malaysia.svg 1963
Malaysia 		Flag of Malaysia.svg 1965
Malaysia 		Flag of Malaysia.svg
Malaysia
Flag of the Kingdom of Sarawak (1870).svg 1842
Kingdom of Sarawak (British Empire)		 Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1942
Sarawak (Japanese Empire)		 Flag of the Kingdom of Sarawak (1870).svg 1945
Kingdom of Sarawak (British Empire)		 Flag of Sarawak (1946-1963).svg 1946
Crown Colony of Sarawak (British Empire)		 Flag of the Federated Malay States (1895 - 1946).svg 1946
Malayan Union (British Empire)		 Flag of Malaya.svg 1948
Federation of Malaya (British Empire)
630
Kedah Kingdom 		1136
Kedah Sultanate 		1909
Unfederated Malay States (British Empire)		 Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1942
Malaya (Japanese Empire)		1945
U.M.S. (British Empire)
600?
Srivijayan Empire 		1025
Chola Empire 		1050?
Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom 		1280?
Sukhothai Kingdom 		Surya Majapahit.png 1377
Majapahit Empire 		1402
Malacca Sultanate 		Flag Portugal (1640).svg 1511
Portuguese Malacca (Portuguese Empire)		 Flag Portugal (1640).svg 1528
Portuguese Malacca (Portuguese Empire)		 Flag of the Dutch East India Company.svg 1641
Dutch Malacca (Dutch Empire)		 Flag of the British East India Company (1707).svg 1824
East India Company (British Empire)		 Flag of the British Straits Settlements (1904-1925).svg 1826
Straits Settlements (British Empire)		 Flag of the Federated Malay States (1895 - 1946).svg 1895
Federated Malay States (British Empire)		 Flag of the Federated Malay States (1895 - 1946).svg 1945
F.M.S. (British Empire)
Flag of the British Straits Settlements (1904-1925).svg 1895
Straits Settlements (British Empire)		 Flag of the British Straits Settlements (1904-1925).svg 1945
S.S. (British Empire)
1025
Srivijayan Empire 		1528
Johor Sultanate 		1819
Johor Sultanate 		1909
Unfederated Malay States (British Empire)		1945
U.M.S. (British Empire)
Flag of Singapore.svg
Singapore 		Flag of the British East India Company (1707).svg 1819
Singapore (British Empire)		 Flag of the British Straits Settlements (1904-1925).svg 1826
Straits Settlements (British Empire)		 Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1942
Singapore (Japanese Empire)		 Flag of the British Straits Settlements (1904-1925).svg 1945
S.S. (British Empire)		1946
Crown Colony of Singapore (British Empire)		 Flag of Singapore.svg 1965
Republic of Singapore 		Flag of Singapore.svg
Singapore
Flag of Indonesia.svg
Indonesia 		600?
Srivijayan Empire 		1257?
Pasai Kingdom 		Flag of the Aceh Sultanate.png 1496
Aceh Sultanate 		Flag of the Netherlands.svg 1903
Dutch East Indies (Dutch Empire)		 Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1942
East Indies (Japanese Empire)		 Flag of the Netherlands.svg 1945
Indonesia (Dutch Empire)		 Flag of Indonesia.svg 1949
Republic of Indonesia 		Flag of Indonesia.svg
Indonesia
1257
Sultanate of Ternate 		1535
Sultanate of Ternate (Portuguese Empire)		1575
Sultanate of Ternate 		1606
Sultanate of Ternate (Spanish Empire)		1663
Sultanate of Ternate 		1683
Sultanate of Ternate (Dutch Empire)		 Flag of the Netherlands.svg 1800
Dutch East Indies (Dutch Empire)
1257
Srivijayan Empire 		Surya Majapahit.png 1293
Majapahit Empire 		1527
Sultanate of Demak 		1568
Kingdom of Pajang 		1586
Mataram Sultanate 		1755
Surakarta Sultanate 		Flag of the Netherlands.svg 1825
Dutch East Indies (Dutch Empire)
752
Medang Kingdom 		1045
Kediri Kingdom 		1222
Singhasari Kingdom 		1755
Yogyakarta Sultanate
669?
Sunda Kingdom 		1527
Sultanate of Banten 		Flag of the Netherlands.svg 1813
Dutch East Indies (Dutch Empire)
Flag of East Timor.svg
East Timor 		3000BC?
Pre-colonial Timor 		Surya Majapahit.png 1377?
Majapahit Empire 		Flag Portugal (1667).svg 1515
Timor (Portuguese Empire)		 Flag Portugal (1667).svg 1702
Portuguese Timor (Portuguese Empire)		 Flag of Indonesia.svg 1975
East Timor (Indonesia)		 Flag of East Timor.svg 2002
Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste 		Flag of East Timor.svg
East Timor
Flag of Vietnam.svg
Vietnam 		938
Annam 		1406
Jiaozhi (China Empire)		1427
Annam 		1802
Nguyễn Dynasty 		1832
Nguyễn Dynasty 		1862
Nguyễn Dynasty 		1874
Nguyễn Dynasty 		1884
Tonkin (French Empire)		 Flag of France.svg 1887
French Indochina (French Empire)		 Flag of France.svg 1917
French Indochina (French Empire)		 Flag of Japan.svg 1941
French Indochina (Japanese Empire)		 Flag of North Vietnam (1945-1955).svg 1945
North Vietnam (French Empire)		 Flag of Vietnam.svg 1954
North Vietnam 		Flag of Vietnam.svg 1976
Vietnam 		Flag of Vietnam.svg
Vietnam
Flag of Central Vietnam (1885-1890).svg 1874
Annam (French Empire)
192
Champa 		1692
Champa 		1862
Cochinchina colony (French Empire)		1945
Cochinchina colony (French Empire)		1949
State of Vietnam (French Union)		1954
South Vietnam
Flag of Cambodia.svg
Cambodia 		802
Khmer Empire 		1431
Kingdom of Cambodia (Ayutthaya)		1570
Kingdom of Cambodia 		1593
Kingdom of Cambodia (Ayutthaya)		1622
Kingdom of Cambodia 		1658
Kingdom of Cambodia (Dai Viet)		1797
Kingdom of Cambodia 		1834
Kingdom of Cambodia (Nguyễn Dynasty)		1847
Kingdom of Cambodia 		Flag of Cambodia.svg 1863
French protectorate of Cambodia (French Empire)		 Flag of Thailand.svg 1945
Cambodia (Kingdom of Thailand)		 Flag of Cambodia.svg 1946
French protectorate of Cambodia (French Empire)		 Flag of Cambodia.svg 1953/54
Kingdom Of Cambodia 		Flag of the Khmer Republic.svg 1970
Khmer Republic 		Flag of Democratic Kampuchea.svg 1975
Democratic Kampuchea 		Flag of the People's Republic of Kampuchea.svg 1979
People's Republic of Kampuchea 		Flag of the State of Cambodia.svg 1989
State of Cambodia 		Flag of Cambodia.svg 1993
Cambodia 		Flag of Cambodia.svg
Cambodia
Flag of Laos.svg
Laos 		802
Khmer Empire 		1238
Sukhothai Kingdom 		1354
Lan Xang 		1574
Burma (Toungoo Dynasty)		1596
Lan Xang 		1707
Kingdom of Champasak 		Flag of French Laos.svg 1893
French Laos (French Empire)		 Flag of French Laos.svg 1945
French Laos (French Empire)		 Flag of French Laos.svg 1949
Laos (French Union)		 Flag of Laos (1952-1975).svg 1953/54
Kingdom of Laos 		Flag of Laos.svg 1975
Laos 		Flag of Laos.svg
Laos
1238
Khmer Empire 		1707
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang 		1765
Burma (Konbaung Dynasty)		1778
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
1707
Kingdom of Vientiane 		1778
Kingdom of Vientiane 		1828
Kingdom of Siam
Flag of Thailand.svg
Thailand 		802?
Lavo Kingdom (Khmer Empire)		1238
Sukhothai Kingdom 		1378
Sukhothai Kingdom (Ayutthaya Kingdom)		1468
Sukhothai & Ayutthaya Kingdom (personal union) 		1564
Burma (Toungoo Dynasty)		 Flag of Thailand (Ayutthaya period).svg 1584
Ayutthaya Kingdom 		Flag of Thailand (Ayutthaya period).svg 1767
Thonburi Kingdom 		Flag of Thailand (1782).svg 1782
Kingdom of Siam 		Flag of Thailand (1817).svg 1828
Kingdom of Siam 		Flag of Thailand 1855.svg 1855
Kingdom of Siam 		Flag of Thailand.svg 1917
Kingdom of Siam 		Flag of Thailand.svg 1939
Kingdom of Thailand 		Flag of Thailand.svg
Thailand
1238
Lavo Kingdom 		1350
Ayutthaya Kingdom 		1388
Ayutthaya Kingdom
1351
Lavo Kingdom
638
Ngoenyang 		1292
Kingdom of Lanna 		1338
Kingdom of Lanna 		1558
Burma (Toungoo Dynasty)		1602
Ayutthaya Kingdom 		1614
Burma (Toungoo Dynasty and Konbaung Dynasty)		 Flag of Thailand (Ayutthaya period).svg 1774
Kingdom of Siam (Thonburi Kingdom)
661
Hariphunchai
661
Kingdom of Payao
Flag of Myanmar.svg
Myanmar 		?
Cis-Salween Shan States		1057
Pagan Empire 		1287
Shan States 		1555
Toungoo Dynasty 		1740
Toungoo Dynasty 		Flag of the Alaungpaya Dynasty of Myanmar.svg 1752
Konbaung Dynasty 		Flag of the Alaungpaya Dynasty of Myanmar.svg 1757
Konbaung Dynasty 		Flag of the Alaungpaya Dynasty of Myanmar.svg 1784
Konbaung Dynasty 		Flag of the Alaungpaya Dynasty of Myanmar.svg 1826
Konbaung Dynasty 		Flag of the Alaungpaya Dynasty of Myanmar.svg 1852
Konbaung Dynasty 		British Burma 1937 flag.svg 1885
British Burma (British Empire)		 Flag of the State of Burma (1943-45).svg 1942
State of Burma (Japanese Empire)		 British Burma 1937 flag.svg 1945
British Burma (British Empire)		 Flag of Burma (1948-1974).svg 1948
Union of Myanmar 		Flag of Myanmar (1974-2010).svg 1974
Union of Myanmar 		Flag of Myanmar.svg 2010
Republic of Union of Myanmar 		Flag of Myanmar.svg
Myanmar
849
Pagan Dynasty 		1287
Pagan 		1298
Myinsaing Kingdom 		1313
Pinya Kingdom 		1364
Ava Kingdom 		1510
Ava Kingdom
1315
Sagaing Kingdom 		1510
Toungoo Dynasty 		1539
Toungoo Dynasty
800?
Thaton Kingdom 		1287
Hanthawaddy Kingdom 		1740
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom 		1852
British Lower Burma (British Empire)
900?
Arakan		1287
Launggyet		1430
Mrauk-U Kingdom 		1826
British Arakan (British Empire)
Flag of Maldives.svg
Maldives 		Dhivehi people, Giraavaru people, Sinhalese people 1153
Sultanate of Maldives 		1558
Maldives (Portuguese Empire)		1573
Sultanate of Maldives 		1796
Sultanate of Maldives (British Empire)		 Flag of Maldives.svg 1965
Republic of Maldives 		Flag of Maldives.svg
Maldives
Flag of Sri Lanka.svg
Sri Lanka 		Flag of Dutthagamani.png 337BC
Anuradhapura Kingdom 		1017
Chola Empire 		1037
Chola Empire 		1056
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa 		1215
Kingdom of Aryacakravarti 		1220
Kingdom of Aryacakravarti 		Flag Portugal (1640).svg 1619
Portuguese Ceylon (Portuguese Empire)		 Flag of the Dutch East India Company.svg 1656
Dutch Ceylon (Dutch Empire)		 Flag of Ceylon (1875-1948).svg 1815
British Ceylon (British Empire)		 Flag of Ceylon (1951-1972).svg 1948
Dominion of Ceylon (British Empire)		 Flag of Sri Lanka.svg 1972
Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka 		Flag of Sri Lanka.svg
Sri Lanka
1037
Kingdom of Ruhuna 		1220
Kingdom of Dambadeniya 		1341
Kingdom of Gampola 		1347
Kingdom of Raigama 		1412
Kingdom of Kotte 		1469
Kingdom of Kotte 		Flag Portugal (1640).svg 1505
Portuguese Ceylon (Portuguese Empire)		 Flag Portugal (1640).svg 1594
Portuguese Ceylon (Portuguese Empire)
1505
Kingdom of Kotte 		1521
Kingdom of Kotte 		1565
Kingdom of Sitawaka
1521
Kingdom of Sitawaka
King of Kandy.svg 1469
Kingdom of Kandy
Flag of Bhutan.svg
Bhutan 		2000BC
Bhutan 		1616
Kingdom of Bhutan 		Flag of Bhutan (1949-1956).svg 1949
Kingdom of Bhutan 		Flag of Bhutan (1956-1969).svg 1956
Kingdom of Bhutan 		Flag of Bhutan.svg 1969
Kingdom of Bhutan 		Flag of Bhutan.svg
Bhutan
Flag of Nepal.svg
Nepal 		800BC
Nepal 		1201
Kingdom of Kathmandu 		Flag of Nepal (19th century-1962).svg 1768
Kingdom of Nepal 		Flag of Nepal.svg 1962
Kingdom of Nepal 		Flag of Nepal.svg 2008
Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal 		Flag of Nepal.svg
Nepal
1201
Kingdom of Patan
1201
Kingdom of Bhaktapur
Flag of Bangladesh.svg
Bangladesh 		750
Pala Empire 		1070
Sena Empire 		1206
Delhi Sultanate 		1342
Sultanate of Bengal 		1564
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg 1804
Company rule in India (British Empire)		 British Raj Red Ensign.svg 1858
British Raj (British Empire)		 Flag of Pakistan.svg 1947
Dominion of Pakistan 		Flag of Pakistan.svg 1955
Islamic Republic of Pakistan 		Flag of Bangladesh.svg 1971
People's Republic of Bangladesh 		Flag of Bangladesh.svg
Bangladesh
Flag of India.svg
India 		750
Pala Empire 		1174
Kamata Kingdom 		1342
Sultanate of Bengal 		1564
Mughal Empire 		Flag of India.svg 1947
Union of India 		Flag of India.svg 1950
Republic of India 		Flag of India.svg 1961
Republic of India 		Flag of India.svg
India
1342
Kamata Kingdom 		1562
Kamata Kingdom 		1581
Kamata Kingdom 		1586
Koch Bihar 		1664
Mughal Empire
300
Kingdom of Kamarupa 		1187
Kingdom of Kamarupa 		1228
Kachari Kingdom 		1581
Koch Hajo 		1614
Mughal Empire
1228
Ahom kingdom 		1673
Ahom kingdom 		Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg 1826
Company rule in India (British Empire)
1187
Chutiya Kingdom
973
Western Chalukya Empire 		1189
Yadava Dynasty 		1347
Bahmani Sultanate 		1382
Bahmani Sultanate 		1482
Bahmani Sultanate 		Flag Portugal (1578).svg 1510
Portuguese State of India (Portuguese Empire)
1482
Bidar Sultanate 		1619
Bihapur Sultanate 		1686
Mughal Empire 		Asafia flag of Hyderabad State.png 1724
State of Hyderabad (British Empire)		 Flag of India.svg 1948
Union of India 		Flag of India.svg 1950
Republic of India
1482
Bahmani Sultanate 		1490
Bahmani Sultanate 		1527
Bihapur Sultanate 		1686
Mughal Empire
1490
Ahmadnagar Sultanate 		1574
Ahmadnagar Sultanate 		1636
Mughal Empire
1490
Berar Sultanate
900
Kalachuri Empire 		1382
Khandesh Sultanate 		1601
Mughal Empire
624
Eastern Chalukya dynasty 		1189
Kakatiya dynasty 		1353
Kakatiya dynasty 		1364
Kingdom of Golkonda 		1541
Kingdom of Golkonda 		1565
Kingdom of Golkonda 		1686
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg 1804
Company rule in India (British Empire)		 British Raj Red Ensign.svg 1858
British Raj (British Empire)		 Flag of India.svg 1947
Union of India
1353
Reddy dynasty 		1448
Gajapati Kingdom
1079
Eastern Ganga Dynasty 		1434
Gajapati Kingdom 		1541
Vijayanagara Empire
300BC
Chola Empire 		1289
Pandyan Dynasty 		1336
Vijayanagara Empire 		1399
Vijayanagara Empire
600BC
Pandyan Dynasty
1026
Hoysala Empire 		1399
Kingdom of Mysore 		Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg 1799
Company rule in India (British Empire)
942
Chaulukyas 		1244
Gujarat 		1573
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg 1674
Maratha Empire 		Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg 1820
Company rule in India (British Empire)
800
Paramara dynasty 		1382
Delhi Sultanate 		1392
Malwa Sultanate 		1562
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg 1705
Maratha Empire
1070
Sena Empire 		1230
Delhi Sultanate 		1526
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg 1689
Maratha Empire
900
Chandela Dynasty 		1206
Delhi Sultanate
650
Gurjara Pratihara Empire 		1036
Gahadvala Dynasty 		1170
Ghurid Sultanate 		1206
Delhi Sultanate 		1488
Delhi Sultanate
1036
Tomara dynasty 		1488?
Rajput States 		1568
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg 1707
Maratha Empire
600BC
Kashmir 		1588
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the Durrani Empire.svg 1747
Durrani Empire 		Punjab flag.svg 1819
Sikh Empire 		Jammu-Kashmir-flag-1936-1953.gif 1846
Kashmir and Jammu (British Empire)
Flag of Pakistan.svg
Pakistan 		Flag of Pakistan.svg 1947
Dominion of Pakistan 		Flag of Pakistan.svg 1955
Islamic Republic of Pakistan 		Flag of Pakistan.svg 1971
Islamic Republic of Pakistan 		Flag of Pakistan.svg
Pakistan
200
Shahis 		1005
Ghaznavid Empire 		1187
Ghurid Sultanate 		1206
Delhi Sultanate 		1526
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the Durrani Empire.svg 1747
Durrani Empire 		Punjab flag.svg 1799
Sikh Empire 		Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg 1849
Company rule in India (British Empire)		 British Raj Red Ensign.svg 1858
British Raj (British Empire)
Flag of the Durrani Empire.svg 1799
Durrani Empire 		Flag of the British East India Company (1801).svg 1826
Company rule in India (British Empire)
Flag of Afghanistan.svg
Afghanistan 		963
Ghaznavid Empire 		1148
Ghurid Sultanate 		1205
Khwarezmian Empire 		1219
Mongol Empire 		Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1225
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol Empire)		 Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1256
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol Empire)		 Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1261
Chagatai Khanate 		Timurid.svg 1370
Timurid Empire 		1526
Mughal Empire 		Flag of the Durrani Empire.svg 1747
Durrani Empire 		Flag of Afghanistan (1919-1928).svg 1823
Emirate of Afghanistan 		Flag of Afghanistan 1930.svg 1926
Kingdom of Afghanistan 		Flag of Afghanistan 1974.svg 1973
Republic of Afghanistan 		Flag of Afghanistan (1980-1987).svg 1978
Democratic Republic of Afghanistan 		Flag of Afghanistan (1992-1996; 2001).svg 1992
Islamic State of Afghanistan 		Flag of Afghanistan.svg 2001
Islamic Republic of Afghanistan 		Flag of Afghanistan.svg
Afghanistan
1526
Khanate of Bukhara
1256
Ilkhanate (Mongol Empire)		1261
Ilkhanate 		Safavid Flag.svg 1526
Safavid Iran 		1704
Hotaki dynasty 		Nadir Shah Flag.svg 1738
Afsharid Iran
Flag of Tajikistan.svg
Tajikistan 		999
Kara-Khanid Khanate 		1130
Kara-Khitan Khanate 		Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1223
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol Empire)		 Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1261
Chagatai Khanate 		Timurid.svg 1370
Timurid Empire 		1506
Shaybanid Dynasty 		Nadir Shah Flag.svg 1736
Afsharid Iran 		Zand Dynasty flag.svg 1750
Zand Iran 		1756
Khanate of Bukhara 		Flag of the Emirate of Bukhara.svg 1785
Emirate of Bukhara 		Flag of Russia.svg 1868
Russian Empire 		Flag of the Soviet Union.svg 1920
Soviet Union 		Flag of Tajikistan.svg 1991
Republic of Tajikistan 		Flag of Tajikistan.svg
Tajikistan
Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg
Kyrgyzstan 		999
Kara-Khanid Khanate 		1130
Kara-Khitan Khanate 		Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1223
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol Empire)		 Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1261
Chagatai Khanate 		1500
Khanate of Bukhara 		1709
Khanate of Kokand 		Flag of Russia.svg 1876
Russian Empire 		Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg 1991
Kyrgyz Republic 		Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg
Kyrgyzstan
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg
Kazakhstan 		999
Kara-Khanid Khanate 		1130
Kara-Khitan Khanate 		Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1223
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol Empire)		 Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1261
Chagatai Khanate 		Kazakh Khanate.svg 1456
Kazakh Khanate 		Flag of Russia.svg 1847
Russian Empire 		Flag of Kazakhstan.svg 1991
Republic of Kazakhstan 		Flag of Kazakhstan.svg
Kazakhstan
Coat of arms of Cumania.svg 1000
Cuman Khanate 		Golden Horde flag 1339.svg 1220
Golden Horde (Mongol Empire)		 Golden Horde flag 1339.svg 1261
Golden Horde
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg
Uzbekistan 		963
Ghaznavid Empire 		1040
Seljuq Empire 		1157
Khwarezmian Empire 		1223
Mongol Empire 		Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1227
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol Empire)		 Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1261
Chagatai Khanate 		Timurid.svg 1380
Timurid Empire 		1500
Khanate of Bukhara 		Flag of the Emirate of Bukhara.svg 1785
Emirate of Bukhara 		Flag of Russia.svg 1873
Russian Empire 		Flag of Uzbekistan.svg 1991
Republic of Uzbekistan 		Flag of Uzbekistan.svg
Uzbekistan
Flag of Turkmenistan.svg
Turkmenistan 		1157
Khwarezmian Empire 		1227
Mongol Empire 		1256
Ilkhanate (Mongol Empire)		1261
Ilkhanate 		Timurid.svg 1370
Timurid Empire 		1405
Shaybanid Dynasty 		Bandera de Khiva 1917-1920.svg 1511
Khanate of Khiva 		Nadir Shah Flag.svg 1740
Afsharid Iran 		Bandera de Khiva 1917-1920.svg 1746
Khanate of Khiva 		Flag of Russia.svg 1873
Russian Empire 		Flag of Turkmenistan.svg 1991
Turkmenistan 		Flag of Turkmenistan.svg
Turkmenistan
Flag of Iran.svg
Iran 		934
Buyid Empire 		1037
Great Seljuq Empire 		1194
Khwarezmian Empire 		1237
Mongol Empire 		1256
Ilkhanate (Mongol Empire)		1261
Ilkhanate 		Timurid.svg 1381
Timurid Empire 		Safavid Flag.svg 1501
Safavid Iran 		Safavid Flag.svg 1524
Safavid Iran 		Nadir Shah Flag.svg 1736
Afsharid Iran 		Zand Dynasty flag.svg 1750
Zand Iran 		State Flag of Iran (1924).svg 1794
Qajar Iran 		State Flag of Iran (1924).svg 1826
Qajar Iran 		State flag of Iran 1964-1980.svg 1925
Pahlavi Iran 		Flag of Iran.svg 1979
Islamic Republic of Iran 		Flag of Iran.svg
Iran
Flag of Iraq.svg
Iraq 		Black flag.svg 750
Abbasid Caliphate 		1037
Seljuq Empire 		Black flag.svg 1194
Abbasid Caliphate 		1258
Mongol Empire 		Mameluke Flag.svg 1261
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) 		  Aq qoyunlu 1468
Aq Qoyunlu 		Safavid Flag.svg 1501
Safavid Iran 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1533
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of Iraq 1924.svg 1920
British Mandate of Mesopotamia (British Empire)		 Flag of Iraq 1924.svg 1932
Kingdom of Iraq 		Flag of the Arab Federation.svg 1958
Arab Federation 		Flag of Iraq 1959-1963.svg 1958
Republic of Iraq 		Flag of Iraq, 1991-2004.svg 1963
Republic of Iraq 		Flag of Iraq.svg 2003
Republic of Iraq 		Flag of Iraq.svg
Iraq
Flag of Kuwait.svg
Kuwait 		Flag of Kuwait 1921-1940.png 1920
Sheikhdom of Kuwait (British Empire)		 Flag of Kuwait.svg 1961
Kuwait 		Flag of Kuwait.svg
Kuwait
Flag of Oman.svg
Oman 		967
Buyid Empire 		1053
Seljuq Empire 		1154
Nabhani dynasty 		Flag Portugal (1578).svg 1515
Portuguese Empire 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1550
Ottoman Empire 		Flag Portugal (1578).svg 1552
Portuguese Empire 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1581
Ottoman Empire 		Flag Portugal (1578).svg 1588
Portuguese Empire 		1650
Yarubid Imamate 		1744
Al Said Imamate 		1820
Al Said Imamate 		Oman flag2.gif 1856
Muscat and Oman 		Oman flag2.gif 1891
Muscat and Oman (British Empire)		 Flag of Muscat.svg 1951
Sultanate of Oman & Mascat (British Empire)		 Flag of Oman.svg 1971
Sultanate of Oman 		Flag of Oman.svg
Oman
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg
United Arab Emirates 		Flag of the Trucial States.svg 1820
Trucial States (British Empire)		 Flag of the Trucial States.svg 1968
Federation Arab Emirates (British Empire)		 Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg 1971
United Arab Emirates 		Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg
United Arab Emirates
Flag of Bahrain.svg
Bahrain 		Black flag.svg 750
Abbasid Caliphate 		1253
Usfurids Dynasty 		1330
Jarwanid dynasty (Ormus Kingdom)		1418 ?
Jabrids dynasty 		Flag Portugal (1578).svg 1521
Portuguese Empire 		Safavid Flag.svg 1602
Safavid Iran 		1717
Yarubid Imamate 		1744
Al Said Immamate 		Zand Dynasty flag.svg 1753
Zand Iran 		Flag of Bahrain (before 1820).png 1783
Bahrain 		Flag of Bahrain (1820-1932).png 1820
Bahrain 		Flag of Bahrain (1820-1932).png 1861
Bahrain (British Empire)		 Flag of Bahrain (1932 to 1972).svg 1932
Bahrain (British Empire)		 Flag of Bahrain 1972.svg 1971
Bahrain 		Flag of Bahrain.svg 2002
Bahrain 		Flag of Bahrain.svg
Bahrain
Flag of Qatar.svg
Qatar 		Black flag.svg 750
Abbasid Caliphate 		1258
Usfurids Dynasty 		Flag Portugal (1578).svg 1521
Portuguese Empire 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1538
Ottoman Empire 		Safavid Flag.svg 1680
Safavid Iran 		Flag of Bahrain (before 1820).png 1783
Bahrain 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1818
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of Bahrain (1820-1932).png 1830
Bahrain 		Flag of Bahrain (1820-1932).png 1861
Qatar (British Empire)		 Ottoman Flag.svg 1872
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of Bahrain (1820-1932).png 1916
Qatar (British Empire)		 Flag of Qatar (1936-1949).svg 1936
Qatar (British Empire)		 Flag of Qatar (1949).svg 1949
Qatar (British Empire)		 Flag of Qatar.svg 1971
Qatar 		Flag of Qatar.svg
Qatar
Flag of Yemen.svg
Yemen 		967
Fatimid Caliphate 		Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg 1173
Ayyubid Sultanate 		Rasulids Aden Yemen 1335.jpg 1229
Rasulid dynasty 		Mameluke Flag.svg 1515
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1517
Ottoman Empire 		1886
Aden Protectorate (British Empire)		 Flag of the Federation of South Arabia.svg 1962
Federation of South Arabia (British Empire)		 Mameluke Flag.svg 1967
People's Democratic Republic of Yemen 		Flag of Yemen.svg 1990
Republic of Yemen 		Flag of Yemen.svg
Yemen
1962
Protectorate of South Arabia (British Empire)
Ottoman Flag.svg 1886
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen.svg 1918
Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen 		Flag of North Yemen.svg 1962
Yemen Arab Republic
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg
Saudi Arabia 		967
Fatimid Caliphate 		Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg 1094
Ayyubid Sultanate 		Mameluke Flag.svg 1254
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1517
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg 1916
Kingdom of Hejaz 		Flag of Nejd (1926).svg Flag of Hejaz 1920.svg 1926
Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz 		Saudi Arabia Flag Variant (1932).svg 1932
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 		Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg
Saudi Arabia
Flag of Jordan.svg
Jordan 		Black flag.svg 750
Abbasid Caliphate 		Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg 1171
Ayyubid Sultanate 		Mameluke Flag.svg 1260
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1517
Ottoman Empire 		Palestine-Mandate-Ensign-1927-1948.svg 1918
British Mandate for Palestine (British Empire)		 Flag of Jordan.svg 1948
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan 		Flag of the Arab Federation.svg 1958
Arab Federation 		Flag of Jordan.svg 1958
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan 		Flag of Jordan.svg
Jordan
Flag of Israel.svg
Israel 		909
Fatimid Caliphate 		Flag of Kingdom of Jerusalem.svg 1099
Kingdom of Jerusalem 		Flag of Israel.svg 1948
State of Israel 		Flag of Israel.svg
Israel
Flag of Lebanon.svg
Lebanon 		Black flag.svg 750
Abbasid Caliphate 		Flag of Kingdom of Jerusalem.svg 1124
Kingdom of Jerusalem 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1918
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of the French Mandate of Syria (1920).svg 1920
French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon (France) 		Lebanese French flag.svg 1936
State of Greater Lebanon (France)		 Flag of Lebanon.svg 1943
Republic of Lebanon 		Flag of Lebanon.svg
Lebanon
Flag of Syria.svg
Syria 		Black flag.svg 750
Abbasid Caliphate 		1080
Seljuq Empire 		Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg 1194
Ayyubid Sultanate 		Mameluke Flag.svg 1260
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo) 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1512
Ottoman Empire 		Syria-flag 1932-58 1961-63.svg 1936
Syrian Arab Republic 		Flag of United Arab Republic.svg 1958
United Arab Republic 		Syria-flag 1932-58 1961-63.svg 1961
Syrian Arab Republic 		Flag of Syria.svg
Syria
909
Fatimid Caliphate 		Armoiries Bohemond VI d'Antioche.svg 1098
Principality of Antioch 		Mameluke Flag.svg 1268
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
Flag of Turkey.svg
Turkey 		1098
County of Edessa 		1149
Seljuq Empire 		1194
Zengid dynasty 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1517
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of Turkey.svg 1923
Republic of Turkey 		Flag of Turkey.svg
Turkey
Labarum.svg 330
Byzantine Empire 		Rubenid Flag.svg 1198
Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia 		Mameluke Flag.svg 1375
Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
Labarum.svg 330
Byzantine Empire 		1077
Seljuq Empire 		1194
Sultanate of Rûm 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1299
Ottoman Empire 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1453
Ottoman Empire 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1461
Ottoman Empire
Labarum.svg 330
Byzantine Empire 		1204
Empire of Nicaea 		Flag of PalaeologusEmperor.svg 1261
Roman Empire
1204
Empire of Trebizond
Flag of Cyprus.svg
Cyprus 		Labarum.svg 965
Byzantine Empire 		Armoiries Chypre.svg 1192
Kingdom of Cyprus 		Flag of Most Serene Republic of Venice.svg 1489
Republic of Venice 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1570
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of Cyprus (1922-1960).svg 1878
Cyprus (British Empire)		 Flag of the United Kingdom.svg 1914
United Kingdom 		Flag of Cyprus (1922-1960).svg 1925
Cyprus (British Empire)		 Flag of Cyprus.svg 1960
Republic of Cyprus 		Flag of Cyprus.svg
Cyprus
Flag of Armenia.svg
Armenia 		886
Armenia 		Labarum.svg 1045
Byzantine Empire 		1064
Seljuq Empire 		1259
Ilkhanate (Mongol Empire)		1261
Ilkhanate 		1335
Jalayirid Sultanate 		  Qara Qoyunlu 1432
Qara Qoyunlu 		  Aq Koyunlu 1468
Aq Koyunlu 		Safavid Flag.svg 1501
Safavid Iran 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1524
Ottoman Empire 		Ottoman Flag.svg 1813
Ottoman Empire 		Flag of Russia.svg 1826
Russian Empire 		Flag of the Transcaucasian Federation.svg 1918
Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic 		Flag of the Democratic Republic of Armenia.svg 1918
Democratic Republic of Armenia 		Flag of the Soviet Union.svg 1920
Soviet Union 		Flag of Armenia.svg 1991
Republic of Armenia 		Flag of Armenia.svg
Armenia
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg
Azerbaijan 		667
Azerbaijan 		1030
Ghaznavid Empire 		1055
Seljuq Empire 		1231
Mongol Empire 		1256
Ilkhanate (Mongol Empire)		1261
Ilkhanate 		Flag of Russia.svg 1813
Russian Empire 		Flag of Azerbaijan.svg 1918
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic 		Flag of Azerbaijan.svg 1991
Republic of Azerbaijan 		Flag of Azerbaijan.svg
Azerbaijan
Flag of Georgia.svg
Georgia 		810
Kingdom of Georgia 		1008
Kingdom of Georgia 		1071
Seljuq Empire 		1099
Kingdom of Georgia 		1220
Mongol Empire 		1243
Kingdom of Georgia 		1460
Kingdom of Kartli 		1555
Kingdom of Kartli (Safavid) 		Flag of Russia.svg 1801
Russian Empire 		Flag of Georgia (1918-1921).svg 1918
Democratic Republic of Georgia 		Flag of Georgia.svg 1991
Georgia 		Flag of Georgia.svg
Georgia
780
Kingdom of Abkhazia 		1460
Kingdom of Imereti 		1555
Kingdom of Imereti (Ottoman Empire)
Flag of Russia.svg
Russia 		650
Kingdom of Alania 		1238
Mongol Empire 		Golden Horde flag 1339.svg 1240
Golden Horde (Mongol Empire)		 Golden Horde flag 1339.svg 1261
Golden Horde 		Golden Horde flag 1339.svg 1283
Golden Horde 		1520
Grand Duchy of Moscow 		Flag of Russia.svg 1547
Tsardom of Russia 		Flag of Russia.svg 1721
Russian Empire 		Flag of Russia.svg 1917
Russian Republic
Flag of Russian SFSR.svg 1917
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic 		Flag of the Soviet Union.svg 1922
Soviet Union 		Flag of Russia.svg 1991
Russian Federation 		Flag of Russia.svg
Russia
Coat of arms of Cumania.svg 1000
Cuman Khanate
Yarthewise.png 880
Kievan Rus' 		1024
Principality of Chernigov 		1097
Principality of Murom-Ryazan 		1237
Mongol Empire
Yarthewise.png 1024
Kievan Rus' 		1093
Principality of Vladimir-Suzdal 		1283
Grand Duchy of Moscow (Golden Horde)		1478
Grand Duchy of Moscow (Golden Horde)		1480
Grand Duchy of Moscow
Yarthewise.png 1093
Kievan Rus' 		1136
Novgorod Republic
Flag of Japan.svg
Japan 		660BC
Japan 		Tokugawa family crest.svg 1603
Japan (Tokugawa family) 		Flag of the Japanese Emperor.svg 1868
Empire of Japan 		Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1870
Empire of Japan 		Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1945
Occupation of Japan 		Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1952
Japan 		Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1972
Japan 		Flag of Japan.svg 1999
Japan 		Flag of Japan.svg
Japan
Ryukyuan people 1314
Kingdom of Hokuzan 		Flag of Ryukyu.svg 1429
Ryūkyū Kingdom 		Flag of Ryukyu.svg 1609
Ryūkyū Kingdom Japan (Tokugawa family) 		Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1879
Empire of Japan 		Flag of the United States.svg 1952
United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands United States
1314
Kingdom of Chūzan
1314
Kingdom of Nanzan
Flag of North Korea.svg
North Korea 		2333BC
Gojoseon 		37BC
Kingdom of Goguryo 		918
Kingdom of Goryeo 		Flag of the King of Joseon (Fringeless).svg 1392
Kingdom of Great Joseon 		Flag of Korea 1882.svg 1897
Korean Empire 		Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1910
Korea (Japan Empire)		 Flag of the Soviet Union.svg 1945/1946
Provisional People's Committee for North Korea (Soviet Union)		 Flag of North Korea.svg 1948
Democratic People's Republic of Korea 		Flag of North Korea.svg
North Korea
Flag of South Korea.svg
South Korea 		US flag 48 stars.svg 1945
United States Army Military Government in Korea (United States)		 Flag of South Korea.svg 1948
Republic of Korea 		Flag of South Korea.svg
South Korea
Flag of the Republic of China.svg
Republic Of China 		Chinese people, Taiwanese aborigines 1540
Kingdom of Middag 		1732
China Empire (Qing Dynasty) 		1756
China Empire (Qing Dynasty) 		Flag of the Qing Dynasty (1862-1889).svg 1862
China Empire (Qing Dynasty) 		China Qing Dynasty Flag 1889.svg 1890
China Empire (Qing Dynasty) 		Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg 1895
Taiwan (Japan Empire)		 Flag of the Republic of China.svg 1945
Republic of China 		Flag of the Republic of China.svg 1949
Republic of China (Taiwan) 		Flag of the Republic of China.svg
Republic Of China
Chinese people, Taiwanese aborigines Flag of the Dutch East India Company.svg 1624
Dutch Formosa 		Flag of the Dutch East India Company.svg 1642
Dutch Formosa 		1662
Kingdom of Tungning Qing Dynasty 		1683
China Empire (Qing Dynasty)
Flag of New Spain.svg 1626
Spanish Formosa
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
People's Republic of China 		840
Kara-Khanid Khanate 		1212
Mongol Empire 		Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1227
Chagatai Khanate (Mongol Empire)		 Flag of Chagatai khanate.jpg 1261
Chagatai Khanate 		1399
Four Oirats 		1636?
Zunghar Khanate 		China Qing Dynasty Flag 1889.svg 1895
China Empire (Qing Dynasty) 		Flag of the Republic of China 1912-1928.svg 1911/1912
Republic of China 		Flag of the Republic of China.svg 1928
Republic of China 		Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg 1949
People's Republic of China 		Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg
People's Republic of China
960
China Empire (Song Dynasty) (Unified 221 BC under Qin Dynasty)		1038
China Empire (Song Dynasty) 		1279
Yuan (Mongol Empire)		1368
China Empire (Ming Dynasty) 		1644
China Empire (Qing Dynasty)
1038
Tangut Empire (Western Xia) 		1227
Mongol Empire
937
Kingdom of Dali 		1253
Mongol Empire
841
Tibet 		1247
Tibet (Mongol Empire)
916
Khitan Empire (Liao Dynasty) 		1115
Jin dynasty 		1125
Jurchen Empire (Jin dynasty) 		1234
Mongol Empire
Flag of Mongolia.svg
Mongolia 		916
Khitan Empire (Liao Dynasty)
1125
Khamag Mongol 		1206
Mongol Empire 		1368
Northern Yuan (Mongol Empire)		1635
Qing Dynasty 		Flag of Mongolia (1911).svg 1911
Bogd Khaanate of Mongolia 		Flag of Mongolia (1911).svg 1919
Bogd Khaanate of Mongolia (Republic of China)		 Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1921-1924).svg 1921
Mongolia 		Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1924-1940).svg 1924
Mongolian People's Republic 		Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1949-1992).svg 1940
Mongolian People's Republic 		Flag of Mongolia.svg 1992
Mongolia 		Flag of Mongolia.svg
Mongolia
Current Sovereign States  / Decadesbefore
100010101020103010401050106010701080109011001110112011301140115011601170118011901200121012201230124012501260127012801290130013101320133013401350136013701380139014001410142014301440145014601470148014901500151015201530154015501560157015801590160016101620163016401650166016701680169017001710172017301740175017601770178017901800181018201830184018501860187018801890190019101920193019401950196019701980199020002010Decades /  Current Sovereign States
Empires are highlighted by color:
Flag of Japan.svg Japanese Empire, Japan
Flag of England.svg Flag of The Commonwealth.svg Flag of the Commonwealth (1658-1660).svg Flag of Great Britain (1707-1800).svg Flag of the United Kingdom.svg Kingdom of England, Commonwealth of England, The Protectorate, Kingdom of Great Britain, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Kingdom
Escudo Corona de Castilla.png Flag of New Spain.svg Flag of Spain.svg Habsburg Spain, Spanish Empire, Spain
Flag of France (XIV-XVI).svg Pavillon royal de France.svg Flag of France.svg Kingdom of France, French Empire, France
Prinsenvlag.svg Flag of the Batavian Republic.gif Flag of the Netherlands.svg Dutch Republic, Dutch Empire, Batavian Republic, Kingdom of Holland, United Kingdom of the Netherlands, Netherlands
Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg Mameluke Flag.svg Ayyubid Sultanate, Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)
Labarum.svg Flag of PalaeologusEmperor.svg Byzantine Empire
Ottoman Flag.svg Flag of Turkey.svg Ottoman Empire, Turkey
Mongol Empire
Flag of Russia.svg Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Flag of Russia.svg Grand Duchy of Moscow, Tsardom of Russia, Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russia
Flag Portugal (1578).svg Flag Portugal (1830).svg Flag of Portugal.svg Kingdom of Portugal, Portuguese Empire, Portugal
Mughal Empire
Flag of Korea 1882.svg Korean Empire
Timurid.svg Safavid Flag.svg Nadir Shah Flag.svg Zand Dynasty flag.svg State Flag of Iran (1924).svg State flag of Iran 1964-1980.svg Flag of Iran.svg Great Seljuq Empire, Khwarezmian Empire, Timurid Empire, Safavid dynasty, Afsharid dynasty, Zand dynasty, Qajar dynasty, Pahlavi dynasty, Iran
Flag of the Alaungpaya Dynasty of Myanmar.svg Pagan Empire, Toungoo Dynasty, Konbaung Dynasty
Flag of the Qing Dynasty (1862-1889).svg China Qing Dynasty Flag 1889.svg Flag of the Republic of China.svg Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China Empire, Republic of China, People's Republic of China

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Country Region that is identified as a distinct entity in political geography

The term country refers to a political state or nation or its territory. It is often referred to as the land of an individual's birth, residence, or citizenship.

Holy See Episcopal jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, Italy

The Holy See, also called the See of Rome, is the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Rome, known as the pope, which includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of Rome with universal ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the worldwide Catholic Church, as well as a sovereign entity of international law.

Sovereignty Concept that a state or governing body has the right and power to govern itself without outside interference

Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies. In political theory, sovereignty is a substantive term designating supreme legitimate authority over some polity. In international law, sovereignty is the exercise of power by a state. De jure sovereignty refers to the legal right to do so; de facto sovereignty refers to the factual ability to do so. This can become an issue of special concern upon the failure of the usual expectation that de jure and de facto sovereignty exist at the place and time of concern, and reside within the same organization.

Member states of the United Nations Sovereign states that are members of the United Nations

The United Nations member states are the 193 sovereign states that are members of the United Nations (UN) and have equal representation in the UN General Assembly. The UN is the world's largest intergovernmental organization.

A city-state is a political system where an independent city serves as the center of political, economic and cultural life over its contiguous territories. Historically, this included cities such as Rome, Athens, Carthage, and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance. As of 2020, only a handful of sovereign city-states exist, with some disagreement as to which are city-states. A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies currently to Monaco, Singapore, and Vatican City. Singapore, in particular, is considered the only truly sovereign city-state in the world as it has the full right and power to govern itself and its citizens, without any interference from outside governments. It also has its own currency, a technologically advanced military and a significant population of 5.6 million.

State may refer to:

A polity is an identifiable political entity—any group of people who have a collective identity, who are organized by some form of institutionalized social relations, and have a capacity to mobilize resources. A polity can be any other group of people organized for governance, the government of a country, or country subdivision.

Sovereign citizen movement Group of individuals

The sovereign citizen movement is a loose grouping of American and Commonwealth litigants, commentators, tax protesters, and financial-scheme promoters. Self-described "sovereign citizens" see themselves as answerable only to their particular interpretation of the common law and as not subject to any government statutes or proceedings. In the United States, they do not recognize U.S. currency and maintain that they are "free of any legal constraints". They especially reject most forms of taxation as illegitimate. Participants in the movement argue this concept in opposition to the idea of "federal citizens", who, they say, have unknowingly forfeited their rights by accepting some aspect of federal law. The doctrines of the movement resemble those of the freemen on the land movement more commonly found in the Commonwealth, such as in Britain and in Canada.

A people is a plurality of persons considered as a whole, as is the case with an ethnic group or nation.

International law, also known as public international law and law of nations, is the set of rules, norms, and standards generally accepted in relations between nations. It establishes normative guidelines and a common conceptual framework to guide states across a broad range of domains, including war, diplomacy, trade, and human rights. International law thus provides a means for states to practice more stable, consistent, and organized international relations.

Sovereign wealth fund State-owned investment fund

A sovereign wealth fund (SWF), sovereign investment fund, or social wealth fund is a state-owned investment fund that invests in real and financial assets such as stocks, bonds, real estate, precious metals, or in alternative investments such as private equity fund or hedge funds. Sovereign wealth funds invest globally. Most SWFs are funded by revenues from commodity exports or from foreign-exchange reserves held by the central bank. By historic convention, the United States' Social Security Trust Fund, with US$2.8 trillion of assets in 2014, and similar vehicles like Japan Post Bank's JP¥200 trillion of holdings, are not considered sovereign wealth funds.

Sovereign state Political entity with a centralized independent government

A sovereign state, in international law, is a political entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area. International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined territory, one government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states. It is also normally understood that a sovereign state is neither dependent on nor subjected to any other power or state.

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