Timeline of food

Last updated

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Contents

Prehistoric times

A hearth with cooking utensils RFK-005-Feuerstelle-im-17-Jh.JPG
A hearth with cooking utensils

Neolithic

Fresh figs cut open showing the flesh and seeds inside Figs.jpg
Fresh figs cut open showing the flesh and seeds inside

4000-2000 BCE

Ripening olives Olive fruit on the branch (2007).jpg
Ripening olives
Modern aquaculture Fish Farm Site.jpg
Modern aquaculture

2000-1 BCE

1-1000

Pretzel depicted at a banquet of Queen Esther and King Ahasuerus. 12th century Hortus deliciarum. Hortus Deliciarum 1190.jpg
Pretzel depicted at a banquet of Queen Esther and King Ahasuerus. 12th century Hortus deliciarum.

1000-1500

Bog butter from A Descriptive Catalogue of the Antiquities in the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy, 1857 Bog butter from A Descriptive Catalogue of the Antiquities in the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy 1857.png
Bog butter from A Descriptive Catalogue of the Antiquities in the Museum of the Royal Irish Academy, 1857

16th century

17th century

18th century

An examen chimique du pommes de terre ("A chemistry exam of the potatoes") by Antoine-Augustin Parmentier promoted the introduction of potatoes to France. Examen physique pdt-Parmentier.jpg
An examen chimique du pommes de terre ("A chemistry exam of the potatoes") by Antoine-Augustin Parmentier promoted the introduction of potatoes to France.

19th century

DateCategoryOrigin
1800sNew potato varieties are brought from Chile to Europe, in an attempt to widen disease resistance of European potatoes. The import could have instead introduced or heightened vulnerability to the fungus Phytophthora infestans . [84] VegetablesChile
1801Bent's water crackers produced by G. H. Bent Company, one of the earliest branded foods. [85] GrainsUSA
1802First modern production process for dried milk was invented by the Russian physician Osip Krichevsky in 1802. The first commercial production of dried milk was organized by the Russian chemist M. Dirchoff in 1832. In 1855, T.S. Grimwade took a patent on a dried milk procedure, though a William Newton had patented a vacuum drying process as early as 1837.DairyRussia
1809 Gyuhap chongseo ("Women's Encyclopedia"), including many recipes, published in KoreaCookbooksKorea
1816 Menier Chocolate company (Chocolat Menier) founded by Antoine Brutus Menier as a pharmaceutical manufacturer in Paris, at a time when chocolate was used as a medicinal productConfectionsFrance
1824 The Virginia House-Wife cookbook published. Includes recipe for "Mary Randolph's Transparent Pudding," an early version of chess pie CookbookUSA
1835 Baking powder is invented by food manufacturer, Alfred Bird. [86] TechnologyEngland
1837 Soufflé potatoes invented by accident. [87] VegetablesFrance
1837 Bird's Custard invented by Alfred Bird ConfectionsEngland
1839 Alto Grande (Hacienda Alto Grande) began producing coffee in Lares, Puerto Rico. [88] The brand later expanded to producing rum. [89] BeveragesPuerto Rico
1841 Edmond Albius, a 12-year-old slave who lived on the French island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean, discovered that vanilla could be hand-pollinated. Hand-pollination allowed global cultivation of the plant. [90] Technology Réunion
1843 Hand cranked freezer invented by Nancy M. Johnson, credited for the fast diffusion of ice cream. [91] TechnologyUSA
1845 Potato blight infection (1845-1852) leads to famine in Ireland, killing or forcing the emigration of 1.5 million Irish people. [92] VegetablesIreland
1845 Lindt chocolate company founded (date provided by the Lindt & Sprüngli company). David Sprüngli founded his chocolate company in 1836, moved it in 1845, and bought out Lindt's chocolate company (which Rodolphe Lindt had founded in 1879).ConfectionsSwitzerland
1847The Carolina Housewife cookbook published, including one of the earliest recipes for peanut brittle, referred to as "groundnut candy" (the term "peanut brittle" was not used until 1892). [93] Cookbooks, ConfectionsUSA
1848One of the earliest recipes for butterscotch, in the Liverpool Mercury ConfectionsEngland
1848First commercially produced chewing gum, State of Maine Pure Spruce Gum, introduced by John Curtis. [94] [95] Chewing gumUSA
1850First flavored paraffin chewing gum created by John Curtis. [94] Chewing gumUSA
1859El Cocinero Puerto-Riqueño o Formulario, Puerto Rico's first cookbook, including earliest written recipes for mofongo.CookbooksPuerto Rico
1859 Cook's California Champagne. Isaac Cook created the first American champagne. [96] Alcoholic beveragesUSA
1860sEarliest known fish and chips shops opened in London by Eastern European Jewish immigrant Joseph Malin, [97] and by John Lees in Mossley, Lancashire. [98] [99] SeafoodEngland
1861 Popcorn balls, one of the most popular confections in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, recipe first appears in the Housekeeper's Encyclopedia by New York author E. F. Haskell, instructing to "boil honey, maple, or other sugar to the great thread; pop corn and stick the corn together in balls with the candy." [100] ConfectionsUSA, New York
1861 Black velvet cocktail invented to mourn the death of Prince Albert.Alcoholic beveragesEngland
1861 Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management published in Britain, edited by Isabella Beeton.CookbooksEngland
1862President Lincoln establishes the Department of Agriculture, including the Bureau of Chemistry, which is the predecessor of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Food safetyUSA, Washington, D.C.
1862 Gulden's mustard company founded by Charles Gulden in New York City, producing a spicy brown mustard from a secret recipe, although the original recipe was spicier than the currently available product. [101] SaucesUSA, New York
1862 Rhum Barbancourt producer, Société du Rhum Barbancourt, is founded in Haiti, making rum from pure sugar cane juice.Alcoholic beveragesHaiti
1862 Café du Monde, famous for their beignets and café au lait with chicory, opens as a coffee stand in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana.PastriesUSA, Louisiana
1862 Perrier mineral water traces its origin to 1862, the year Napoleon III authorizing the use of Les Bouillens springs in Vergèze, and the water was first sold in Britain. However, the springs have been in use since antiquity, and Dr. Louis Perrier became the official medical director for the spring in 1898 and started the Perrier brand in 1903. [102] BeveragesFrance
1863 Fruit salad. One of the first recipes for fruit salad appeared in What to Cook and How to Eat It by Peirre Blot in New York. [103] Fruit saladUSA, New York
1863 Confederate Receipt Book publishced in Richmond VA [103] CookbooksUSA, Virginia
1863 Granula, the first manufactured breakfast cereal and precursor to Grape Nuts is invented by James Caleb Jackson. The heavy bran nuggets needed soaking overnight before consuming.GrainsUSA, New York
1863 London Dry Gin, a dryer version than the typical Old Tom gin of the time, created by James Burrough in Chelsea, forefather of the Hayman family. Considered the origin of Hayman's of London distillery.Alooholic beveragesEngland
1865 Hacienda Mercedita , under Juan Serrallés, begins producing rum. Their Don Q rum brand was launched in 1932.Alcoholic beveragesPuerto Rico
1866 Vernor’s Ginger Ale introducedCarbonated beveragesUSA
1867 Hot dog invented by Charles Feltman for his food stall in Coney Island by pairing a frankfurter with a bread bun. [104] MeatUSA, New York
1867 Ambrosia fruit salad recipe debuts in Dixie Cookery cookbook by Maria Massey Barringer.Fruit saladsUSA
1868 Tabasco sauce invented by Edmund McIlhenny in Louisiana; first sold the following year and patented in 1870. [105] SaucesUSA, Louisiana
1869Thomas Adams buys chicle, the milky latex of the sapodilla tree, from exiled Mexican President, Antonio López de Santa Anna, in the hopes of processing it for use as an alternative to rubber, but later sold it for its original purpose as chewing gumChewing gumMexico
1869Thomas Adams markets “New York Chewing Gum” [94] Chewing gumUSA, New York
1869 Hippolyte Mège-Mouriès invents margarine, [106] winning the prize offered by Napoleon III to invent a suitable substitute for butter. The original substitute however used beef suet rather than vegetable oils. [107] Fats and oilsFrance
1871 Beef Stroganov recipe first appears as "Beef à la Stroganov, with mustard" in the 1871 edition of A Gift to Young Housewives (Russian: Подарок молодым хозяйкам) by Elena Molokhovets in Moscow. The recipe has changed over time. [108] MeatRussia
1871Thomas Adams patents first chewing gum-making machine and begins producing chicle-based gum as a novelty item with no flavorings or additives. [94] [109] Chewing gumUSA
1873 Malted milk invented and marketed in England by James Horlick, and in 1873 started the J & W Horlicks company with his brother in Chicago. The first US patent for malted milk mixing powder was granted them in 1883. [110] BeveragesEngland
1875 Milk chocolate in solid form invented by Swiss chocolatier Daniel Peter (initially meant for making a drink). Peter also created the first milk chocolate for eating, Gala Peter, in 1887.ConfectionsSwitzerland
1879William White discovers how to flavor chicle, using peppermint, and marketing it as Yucatan chewing gum [94] Chewing gumUSA
1879 Wheatena first advertised by George H. HoytGrainsUSA
1882 Tom Collins cocktail recipe, with Old Tom gin, lime or lemon, and soda water, first published in Harry Johnson'sNew and Improved Bartender’s Manual, or How to Mix Drinks of the Present Style, in English and German.Alcoholic beveragesUSA
1884Thomas Adams begins adding licorice flavoring to his chicle gum, marketed as Adams Black Jack.Chewing gumUSA
1885 Salisbury steak; an early description of its preparation.MeatUSA
18851885-1904: Depending on claims, range for the invention of the modern hamburger sandwich. [111] MeatUSA
1886Jonathan Primely makes the first fruit-flavored chewing gum, sold as Kis-Me [94] Chewing gumUSA
1886 Canada bans margarine [107] Fats and oilsCanada
1888 Brugal rum company founded by Spanish-Dominican, Andrés Brugal Montaner [112] Alcoholic beveragesDominican Republic
1888Thomas Adams' “Tutti Frutti” becomes first chewing gum sold in vending machines, which were placed in NYC subway stations. [94] Chewing gumUSA, New York
1890 Beeman's gum invented [113] (elsewhere reported as 1882 [94] )Chewing gumUSA
1890Henry Fleer purportedly invents Chiclets, the first commercially available candy-coated chewing gum [94] Chewing gumUSA
1891 William Wrigley Jr. introduces the Vassar, Lotta, and Sweet 16 chewing gum brands. [94] Chewing gumUSA
1892 William Wrigley Jr. introduces Spearmint Pepsin gum [94] Chewing gumUSA
1892Experimental plantations of rice in Australia begin, in New South Wales. [114] GrainsAustralia
1893 Cream of Wheat introduced by Scottish-born chief miller, Tom AmidonGrainsUSA
1893 Juicy Fruit gum introducedChewing gumUSA
1894Granulated gelatin first commercially available, invented by the Knox Company, followed by Jell-O a few years later.ConfectionsUSA
1894 Walker's Nonsuch toffee manufacturer foundedConfectionsEngland
1895 Postum coffee substitute beverage made from roasted wheat bran and molasses invented by C. W. Post. The "instant" drink mix version was developed in 1912.BeveragesUSA
1896 Yaucono coffee company established in Puerto Rico [115] BeveragesPuerto Rico
1896 Waldorf salad containing only apples, celery, and mayonnaise created for a charity ball for the St. Mary's Hospital for Children at the Waldorf-Astoria hotel in New York City on March 13.Fruit saladsUSA, New York
1896First self-service restaurant (the "Stollwerck-Automatenrestaurant") opens in Berlin's Leipziger Straße. [116] Fast foodGermany
1897Machine-spun cotton candy invented by dentist William Morrison and confectioner John C. Wharton, and first introduced to a wide audience at the 1904 World's Fair as Fairy FlossConfectionsUSA
1897 Gallo (Famosa) Guatemalan beer introducedAlcoholic beveragesGuatemala
1897 Grape Nuts introducedGrainsUSA
1897 Al Ahram brewery foundedAlcoholic beveragesEgypt
1897 Dos Equis first brewed by the German-Mexican Wilhelm HasseAlcoholic beveragesMexico
1897 Crème caramel in its modern form, with soft caramel on top, and prepared and cooked using a bain-marie, is first documented in La cuisinière provençale by Jean Baptiste Reboul. [117] DessertsFrance
1898 Brunswick stew introducedSoups and stewsUSA
1898 Walkers Shortbread introducedBreadsScotland
1898 Tarte Tatin introducedConfectionsFrance
1898 Lane cake introducedConfectionsUSA
1898 Barq's Root Beer introducedBeveragesUSA
1898 Jelly beans; first known reference in writing. [118] ConfectionsUSA
1898 Gin sour introducedAlcoholic beveragesUSA
1898 Pepsi Cola introducedBeveragesUSA
1898 Perrier mineral waterBeveragesFrance
1899 Dentyne gum created by New York druggist, Franklin V. Canning [94] Chewing gumUSA
1899 Licorice Allsorts introducedConfectionsEngland
1899 Oysters Rockefeller introducedSeafoodUSA, Louisiana
1899 Club sandwich introducedSandwichesUSA, New York
1899 Maltex hot cereal introduced [119] GrainsUSA
1899 Dentyne gum introduced [94] ConfectionsUSA
1899 American Chicle Company founded [94] Chewing gumUSA

20th century

DateCategoryOrigin
1900 Clark's Teaberry chewing gum invented by Charles BurkeChewing gumUSA
1904 Ovomaltine (later known as Ovaltine), originally consisting of malt, milk, eggs, and cocoa invented by Swiss chemist, Albert Wander.BeveragesSwitzerland
1904 Jello salad. One of the earliest examples of jello salad is Perfection Salad, developed by Mrs. John E. Cook of New Castle, Pennsylvania in 1904.Fruit saladsUSA, Pennsylvania
1905 Lactobacillus bulgaricus , the lactic acid-producing bacteria, discovered by Stamen Grigorov as the true cause for the existence of natural yogurt. [120] DairyBulgaria
1907 Gumballs and gumball machines introduced [121] Chewing gumUSA
1911 Orange Crush inventedBeveragesUSA
1912 Bread-slicing machine invented by Otto Rohwedder, although it would not enter use before 1928 however. [122] TechnologyUSA
1912 Blueberries, domesticated, first reach the market. [123] FruitsUSA
1913 Violet Crumble chocolate bar introduced by Hoadley's Chocolates in South MelbourneConfectionsAustralia
1914 Doublemint gum introduced by Wrigley [121] Chewing gumUSA
1914Thomas Adams introduces Clove brand gum [121] Chewing gumUSA
1915 El Presidente cocktail, earliest claimed origin date, although there are multiple claims as to the invention of the cocktail.Alcoholic beveragesCuba
1918 Fox's Glacier Mints introduced as "Acme Clear Mint Fingers" by Eric Fox, later named Fox's Glacier Mints in 1919ConfectionsEngland
1919Campbell Cereal Company founded, producing Malt-O-Meal, a combination of farina wheat and malted barley, as an alternative to Cream of Wheat (1893).CompaniesUSA
1920s French fries introduced in the United States by returning First World War soldiers. [124] VegetablesBelgium or France
1920Flake chocolate bar introduced by CadburyConfectionsEngland
1922 Minties candy invented by James Noble StedmanConfectionsAustralia
1928One of the earliest references to lucky tattie candy, in the Dundee Evening Telegraph [125] ConfectionsScotland
1924 Botan Rice Candy invented by Seika Foods ConfectionsJapan
1924 Red River Cereal introduced by the Red River Grain Co.GrainsCanada
1925 McVitie's chocolate digestive biscuit introducedConfectionsEngland
1925 Mr. Goodbar candy bar with peanuts and chocolate introduced by The Hershey Company.ConfectionsUSA
1927 Wrigley introduces PK Gum (discontinued in 1975)Chewing gumUSA
1928 Heath chocolate toffee bar introduced by the Heath Brothers ConfectioneryConfectionsUSA
1928Walter Diemer, working for the Fleer Chewing Gum Company in Philadelphia, invents Dubble Bubble, the first bubble gum [121] Chewing gumUSA, Pennsylvania
1929 Crunchie chocolate-covered honeycomb toffee candy bar introduced by J. S. Fry & Sons ConfectionsEngland
1930sGum trading cards introducedChewing gumUSA
1930 Fruit cocktail first sold commercially, first by Barron–Gray, then California Packing Corporation under its Del Monte brand a few years later.Fruit saladsUSA, California
1933 Peter Paul Co. sells a charcoal gum, advertising on Mounds boxChewing gumUSA
1934 Farex baby cereal first produced by the company Glaxo.GrainsUSA
1934 Milo chocolate-flavoured malted powder invented by Australian chemist Thomas Mayne BeveragesAustralia
1935 Presidente beer introduced in 1935 in the Dominican Republic in honor of then-president Rafael Leónidas Trujillo. Originally a dark beer, it was remade into a pilsner in the 1960s.Alcoholic beveragesDominican Republic
1935 Green papaya salad. One of the earliest known recipe of som tam in Thailand appeared in the Yaowapha cookbook series by Princess Yaovabha Bongsanid in 1935, which included Som tam ton malako (Thai: ส้มตำต้นมะละกอ) or Khao man som tam (Thai: ข้าวมันส้มตำ). This recipe is similar to som tam as prepared today and includes roasted peanuts and dried shrimp as key ingredients.VegetablesThailand
1936 Quality Street first produced by Mackintosh's ConfectionsEngland
1937 Maltesers first sold in the UKConfectionsEngland
1939 Malta India carbonated malt beverage introduced [126] BeveragesPuerto Rico
1940The McDonalds brothers open their first McDonald's restaurant on May 15 in San Bernardino, California [127] Fast foodUSA, California
1943 Akta-Vite chocolate flavouring for milk invented by George Nicholas near Melbourne BeveragesAustralia
1943 White Rabbit Creamy Candy introducedConfectionsChina
1947 Bazooka Bubble Gum introducedChewing gumUSA
1948 Nestlé Quik drink mix for chocolate-flavored milk launched (became Nesquik in 1999)BeveragesUSA
1948 Polo breath mint introduced by Rowntree's Factory, YorkConfectionsEngland
1948Canada lifts the ban on margarine. [128] Fats and oilsCanada
1950Harvey’s Sugarless Gum introducedChewing gumUSA
1951 Maypo introduced by the Maltex CorporationGrainsUSA
1953First commercial fish fingers. The American company Gorton-Pew Fisheries, now known as Gorton's, was the first company to introduce a frozen ready-to-cook fish finger; the product, named Gorton's Fish Sticks, won the Parents magazine Seal of Approval in 1956. [129] [130] The developer of those fish sticks was Aaron L. Brody.SeafoodUSA
1953 Piña colada. 1953 or 1954 are both claimed dates of invention at the Caribe Hilton Hotel in Puerto Rico, as well as 1963 at the Barrachina restaurant.Alcoholic beveragesPuerto Rico
1958The instant noodle was invented by Momofuku Ando of Nissin Foods in Japan, and launched the same year.GrainsJapan
1958The first conveyor belt sushi restaurant, Mawaru Genroku Sushi, opens in Higashiosaka. [131] Fast foodJapan
1953 Daim chocolate caramel almond bar introducedConfectionsSweden
1958Nestle Nestum introducedGrainsPortugal
1959 Caramac caramel bar introduced by Mackintosh's ConfectionsEngland
1960s Dalgona candy becomes a popular street food in KoreaConfectionsSouth Korea
1960The invention of the potato water gun knife facilitates the mass production of French fries by fast food restaurants. [124] TechnologyUSA
1961Invention of the Chorleywood bread process. [132] GrainsEngland
1964 Toffo toffee (originally named Toff-O-Lux until 1975) introduced by Mackintosh’s [133] ConfectionsEngland
1964The iconic Australian biscuit Tim Tam enters the market. [134] [135] ConfectionsAustralia
1976 Pop Rocks fizzing candy introduced by General Foods (although it had been invented and patented earlier, in 1961)ConfectionsUSA
1980 Medalla Light beer introduced to commemorate the 1979 Pan American Games in Puerto Rico. [136] Alcoholic beveragesPuerto Rico
1981 Skor chocolate toffee bar introduced by The Hershey CompanyConfectionsUSA
1983 Fruit Roll-Ups introducedConfectionsUSA
1990sGoldschläger, a gold-infused cinnamon schnapps based on goldwasser, the Polish liqueur from 1606 is introduced. It becomes a popular drink in the 1990s for shots.Alcoholic beveragesSwitzerland
1995 McFlurry soft serve dessert introduced by McDonald'sFast FoodUSA

21st century

See also

References

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Further reading