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All 40 Lok Sabha seats of Bihar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Opinion polls | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Turnout | 56.28% ( 1.05 pp) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2024 Indian general election was held in Bihar in all 7 phases from 19 April to 1 June to elect 40 members of the 18th Lok Sabha, with the results declared on 4 June. [1] [2] [3]
Bihar, along with Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, were the only states where the 2024 Indian general election was held in all 7 phases. [4]
Poll event | Phase | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I | II | III | IV | V | VI | VII | |
Notification Date | 20 March | 28 March | 12 April | 18 April | 26 April | 29 April | 7 May |
Last Date for filing nomination | 28 March | 4 April | 19 April | 25 April | 3 May | 6 May | 14 May |
Scrutiny of nomination | 30 March | 5 April | 20 April | 26 April | 4 May | 7 May | 15 May |
Last Date for withdrawal of nomination | 02 March | 8 April | 22 April | 29 April | 6 May | 9 May | 17 May |
Date of poll | 19 April | 26 April | 7 May | 13 May | 20 May | 25 May | 1 June |
Date of counting of votes/Result | 4 June 2024 | ||||||
No. of constituencies | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 8 |
Party | Flag | Symbol | Leader | Contesting Seats | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bharatiya Janata Party | Samrat Choudhary | 17 | |||
Janata Dal (United) | Nitish Kumar | 16 | |||
Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) | Chirag Paswan | 5 | |||
Hindustani Awam Morcha | Jitan Ram Manjhi | 1 | |||
Rashtriya Lok Morcha | Upendra Kushwaha | 1 | |||
Total | 40 |
Party | Flag | Symbol | Leader | Contesting Seats | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rashtriya Janata Dal | Lalu Yadav | 23 | |||
Indian National Congress | Akhilesh Prasad Singh | 9 | |||
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation | Shyam Chandra Chaudhary | 3 | |||
Vikassheel Insaan Party | Mukesh Sahani | 3 | |||
Communist Party of India (Marxist) | Lalan Chaudhary | 1 | |||
Communist Party of India | Ram Naresh Pandey | 1 | |||
Total | 40 |
The Indian National Congress began its Bihar section of the Bharat Jodo Nyay Yatra from Kishanganj on 28 January 2024. Congress leader Rahul Gandhi criticised chief minister Nitish Kumar for rejoining the NDA and said that the Mahagathbandhan did not need him and that it would keep fighting for social justice. [5] On 15 February, Gandhi resumed his yatra from Bihar's Aurangabad, where he promised a financial survey to assess the ground reality if his alliance comes to power. [6] The yatra resumed from Sasaram the next day, where Rashtriya Janata Dal chairperson and former state deputy CM Tejashwi Yadav joined the yatra, touring the state with Gandhi in a jeep. [7]
The Rashtriya Janata Dal began its campaign with its Jan Vishwas Yatra ("People's Trust Yatra") on 20 February 2024. RJD leader Tejashwi Yadav launched the yatra from Muzaffarpur in Bihar. The yatra will last till 1 March 2024 and will have covered 33 districts. [8] [9] In Siwan on 23 February, Yadav termed the BJP "a dustbin" which takes in other parties that have become "garbage". [10] [11] The Rashtriya Janata Dal also worked to expand its social base while holding its core Muslim-Yadav support base firmly. The majority of the candidates of Rashtriya Janata Dal on all 23 seats it contested were from Other Backward Class and Extremely Backward Castes. The party fielded 8 Yadav candidates, while the Koeri and Kurmis also got a fair share. It fielded three Koeris, Alok Kumar Mehta from Ujiarpur, Shravan Kushwaha from Nawada and Abhay Kushwaha from Aurangabad constituency. RJD also fielded six women candidates– Ritu Jaiswal (Sheohar), Anita Devi Mahto (Munger), Bima Bharati (Purnea), Archana Ravidas (Jamui), Misa Bharti (Pataliputra) and Rohini Acharya from Saran. [12]
RJD also faced opposition from its own party members in constituencies like Nawada, where RJD's sitting legislators Vibha Devi and Prakash Veer were spotted campaigning for independent candidate Vinod Yadav, brother of former RJD legislator, Rajballabh Yadav instead of party's declared candidate Shravan Kushwaha. [13] In overall ticket distribution of the NDA and INDIA bloc, 16 Yadav candidates were made candidates out of 80 candidates from both sides. The Koeris with 11 candidates were the second largest caste. [14]
During the election, the Karakat Lok Sabha constituency in the Rohtas district of Bihar drew nationwide attention, when Bhojpuri singer and actor Pawan Singh declared that he will contest the Lok Sabha election from there. Earlier, Singh was made a candidate of Bharatiya Janata Party from Asansol Lok Sabha constituency against Shatrughan Sinha, but Singh refused to contest from there. Unable to secure the candidature of National Democratic Alliance from Arrah Lok Sabha constituency, he made the contest in the Karakat triangular. It was speculated that he will cut the major chunk of NDA votes of Rajput caste, the community to which he belonged. In the aftermath of voting process, Singh was able to get over two lakh votes, pushing NDA candidate Upendra Kushwaha to the third spot. He was, however, defeated by Raja Ram Singh Kushwaha of Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Liberation by a margin of over one lakh votes. The division in votes of NDA due to Singh led to the victory of CPIML candidate. [15] [16]
However, the defeat of former union minister Upendra Kushwaha, who was considered as the tallest leader of the Koeri caste in Bihar, sent shockwaves across the state, specially in the Magadh and Shahabad belt. There witnessed a palpable anger amongst the member of Koeri caste on Pawan Singh contesting from the constituency considered as the stronghold of the community against Upendra Kushwaha. As a consequence, the Koeris across the Shahabad voted again the Rajput candidates and the Bharatiya Janata Party as the Rashtriya Janata Dal and its alliance partners like CPIML were successful in conveying the message that Pawan Singh was sent by Bharatiya Janata Party to spoil the votes of Upendra Kushwaha. This led to defeat of veteran Rajput leaders R. K. Singh and Sushil Kumar Singh in the nearby Arrah and Aurangabad constituency. Besides this, NDA also lost Buxar and Sasaram leading to wiping out of BJP from the whole Shahabad region. [17] [18]
Earlier, BJP had raised Samrat Chaudhary to the post of party's Bihar unit president in a bid to bring Kushwahas within the fold of BJP. However, discontent was seen amongst the Kushwahas on the ground level as Chaudary was not able to field any Kushwaha candidate on the symbol of BJP in 2024 polls. Although, only two out of seven Kushwaha candidates were able to win from the INDIA alliance, the margin of victory of the NDA candidates was drastically reduced in every seat, where there was a Kushwaha candidate from the side of INDIA bloc. This showed major chunk of Kushwaha voters supporting and voting for INDIA as against NDA. [19]
Polling agency | Date published | Margin of Error | Lead | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NDA | INDIA | Others | ||||
ABP News-CVoter | April 2024 [20] | ±3-5% | 33 | 7 | 0 | NDA |
ABP News-CVoter | March 2024 [21] | ±5% | 32 | 8 | 0 | NDA |
India Today-CVoter | February 2024 [22] | ±3-5% | 32 | 8 | 0 | NDA |
JD(U) leaves INDIA and joins NDA | ||||||
ABP News-CVoter | December 2023 [23] | ±3-5% | 16-18 | 21-23 | 0-2 | INDIA |
Times Now-ETG | December 2023 [24] | ±3% | 22-24 | 15-17 | 0 | NDA |
India TV-CNX | October 2023 [25] | ±3% | 24 | 16 | 0 | NDA |
Times Now-ETG | September 2023 [26] | ±3% | 18-20 | 20-22 | 0 | INDIA |
August 2023 [27] | ±3% | 22-24 | 16-18 | 0 | NDA | |
India Today-CVoter | August 2023 [28] | ±3-5% | 14 | 26 | 0 | INDIA |
Polling agency | Date published | Margin of Error | Lead | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NDA | INDIA | Others | ||||
ABP News-CVoter | April 2024 [29] | ±3-5% | 50.8% | 39.9% | 9.3% | 10.9 |
ABP News-CVoter | March 2024 [21] | ±5% | 50% | 35% | 15% | 15 |
India Today-CVoter | February 2024 [22] | ±3-5% | 52% | 38% | 10% | 14 |
JD(U) leaves INDIA and joins NDA | ||||||
India Today-CVoter | August 2023 [30] | ±3-5% | 43% | 47% | 10% | 4 |
Polling agency | Lead | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
NDA | INDIA | Others | ||
India Today Axis My India | 29-33 | 7-10 | 0 | NDA |
DB Live | 14-16 | 24-26 | 0 | INDIA |
Jan Ki Baat | 33-37 | 3-7 | 0 | NDA |
News18 | 31-34 | 6-9 | 0 | NDA |
ABP C-Voter | 35-38 | 3-5 | 0 | NDA |
2019 Election Results | 39 | 1 | 0 | NDA |
Actual Results | 30 | 9 | 1 | NDA |
Phase | Poll Date | Constituencies [31] | Voter Turnout (%) [32] |
---|---|---|---|
I | 19 April 2024 | Aurangabad, Gaya, Nawada, Jamui | 49.26% |
II | 26 April 2024 | Kishanganj, Purnia, Katihar, Bhagalpur, Banka | 59.45% |
III | 7 May 2024 | Jhanjarpur, Supaul, Araria, Madhepura, Khagaria | 59.14% |
IV | 13 May 2024 | Darbhanga, Ujiarpur, Samastipur, Begusarai, Munger | 58.21% |
V | 20 May 2024 | Sitamarhi, Madhubani, Muzaffarpur, Saran, Hajipur | 56.76% |
VI | 25 May 2024 | Valmiki Nagar, Paschim Champaran, Purvi Champaran, Sheohar, Vaishali, Gopalganj, Siwan, Maharajganj | 57.18% |
VII | 1 June 2024 | Nalanda, Patna Sahib, Pataliputra, Arrah, Buxar, Sasaram, Karakat, Jahanabad | 53.29% |
Total |
Constituency | Poll Date | Turnout | Swing | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Valmiki Nagar | 25 May 2024 | 60.19% | 1.17% |
2 | Paschim Champaran | 61.62% | 0.40% | |
3 | Purvi Champaran | 59.68% | 0.62% | |
4 | Sheohar | 57.40% | 2.20% | |
5 | Sitamarhi | 20 May 2024 | 56.21% | 3.11% |
6 | Madhubani | 53.04% | 0.77% | |
7 | Jhanjharpur | 7 May 2024 | 54.48% | 2.87% |
8 | Supaul | 63.55% | 2.17% | |
9 | Araria | 61.93% | 2.86% | |
10 | Kishanganj | 26 April 2024 | 62.84% | 3.54% |
11 | Katihar | 63.76% | 3.88% | |
12 | Purnia | 63.08% | 2.29% | |
13 | Madhepura | 7 May 2024 | 58.29% | 2.60% |
14 | Darbhanga | 13 May 2024 | 57.37% | 0.98% |
15 | Muzaffarpur | 20 May 2024 | 59.47% | 3.56% |
16 | Vaishali | 25 May 2024 | 62.59% | 0.68% |
17 | Gopalganj (SC) | 52.32% | 3.46% | |
18 | Siwan | 52.49% | 2.24% | |
19 | Maharajganj | 52.27% | 1.55% | |
20 | Saran | 20 May 2024 | 56.73% | 0.13% |
21 | Hajipur (SC) | 58.43% | 3.17% | |
22 | Ujiarpur | 13 May 2024 | 59.59% | 0.56% |
23 | Samastipur (SC) | 60.11% | 0.63% | |
24 | Begusarai | 58.70% | 3.93% | |
25 | Khagaria | 7 May 2024 | 57.48% | 0.23% |
26 | Bhagalpur | 26 April 2024 | 53.50% | 3.70% |
27 | Banka | 54.48% | 4.12% | |
28 | Munger | 13 May 2024 | 55.55% | 0.65% |
29 | Nalanda | 1 June 2024 | 49.78% | 5.01% |
30 | Patna Sahib | 46.85% | 1.05% | |
31 | Pataliputra | 59.27% | 3.24% | |
32 | Arrah | 50.27% | 1.54% | |
33 | Buxar | 55.39% | 1.44% | |
34 | Sasaram (SC) | 57.16% | 2.59% | |
35 | Karakat | 54.68% | 5.59% | |
36 | Jahanabad | 55.09% | 3.33% | |
37 | Aurangabad | 19 April 2024 | 50.35% | 3.32% |
38 | Gaya (SC) | 52.76% | 3.42% | |
39 | Nawada | 43.17% | 6.56% | |
40 | Jamui (SC) | 51.25% | 4.00% | |
Alliance/ Party | Popular vote | Seats | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | ±pp | Contested | Won | +/− | ||||
NDA | BJP | 8,885,818 | 20.52% | 3.53 | 17 | 12 | 5 | ||
JD(U) | 8,020,732 | 18.52% | 3.74 | 16 | 12 | 4 | |||
LJP(RV) | 2,803,936 | 6.47% | New | 5 | 5 | 5 | |||
HAM | 494,960 | 1.14% | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
RLM | 253,876 | 0.58% | New | 1 | 0 | ||||
Total | 20,459,322 | 47.23% | 40 | 30 | 9 | ||||
INDIA | RJD | 9,588,365 | 22.14% | 6.46 | 23 | 4 | 4 | ||
INC | 3,983,882 | 9.20% | 1.35 | 9 | 3 | 2 | |||
CPI(ML)L | 1,293,538 | 2.99% | 3 | 2 | 2 | ||||
VIP | 1,187,455 | 3 | 0 | ||||||
CPI | 564,310 | 1.30% | 1 | 0 | |||||
CPI(M) | 375,988 | 0.87% | 1 | 0 | |||||
Total | 16,993,538 | 39.21% | 40 | 9 | 8 | ||||
Others | |||||||||
IND | 1 | 1 | |||||||
NOTA | 8,97,323 | 2.07% | |||||||
Total | 100% | - | 40 | - | |||||
Constituency | Turnout | Winner | Runner Up | Margin | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % | |||||
1 | Valmiki Nagar | 60.19% | Sunil Kumar | JD(U) | 5,23,422 | 47.5% | Deepak Vadav | RJD | 4,24,747 | 38.55% | 98,675 | 8.95% | ||
2 | Paschim Champaran | 61.62% | Sanjay Jaiswal | BJP | 5,80,421 | 53.43% | Madan Mohan Tiwari | INC | 4,43,853 | 40.86% | 1,36,568 | 12.57% | ||
3 | Purvi Champaran | 59.68% | Radha Mohan Singh | BJP | 5,80,421 | 50.5% | Rajesh Kumar | VIP | 4,43,853 | 42.28% | 88,287 | 8.22% | ||
4 | Sheohar | 57.40% | Lovely Anand | JD(U) | 5,23,422 | 45.15% | Ritu Jaiswal | RJD | 4,24,747 | 42.39% | 29,143 | 2.76% | ||
5 | Sitamarhi | 56.21% | Devesh Chandra Thakur | JD(U) | 5,15,719 | 47.14% | Arjun Ray | RJD | 4,64,363 | 42.45% | 51,356 | 4.69% | ||
6 | Madhubani | 53.04% | Ashok Kumar Yadav | BJP | 5,53,428 | 53.85% | Mohammad Ali Ashraf Fatmi | RJD | 4,24,747 | 39.07% | 1,51,945 | 14.78% | ||
7 | Jhanjharpur | 54.48% | Ramprit Mandal | JD(U) | 5,33,032 | 48.73% | Suman Kumar Mahaseth | VIP | 3,48,863 | 31.9% | 1,84,169 | 16.83% | ||
8 | Supaul | 63.55% | Dileshwar Kamait | JD(U) | 5,95,038 | 48.33% | Chandrahas Chaupal | RJD | 4,25,235 | 34.54% | 1,69,803 | 13.79% | ||
9 | Araria | 61.93% | Pradeep Kumar Singh | BJP | 6,00,146 | 47.91% | Mohammed Shahnawaz Alam | RJD | 5,80,052 | 46.31% | 20,094 | 1.60% | ||
10 | Kishanganj | 62.84% | Mohammad Jawed | INC | 4,02,850 | 35% | Mujahid Alam | JD(U) | 3,43,158 | 29.81% | 59,692 | 5.19% | ||
11 | Katihar | 63.76% | Tariq Anwar | INC | 5,67,092 | 48.41% | Dulal Chandra Goswami | JD(U) | 5,17,229 | 44.15% | 49,863 | 4.26% | ||
12 | Purnia | 63.08% | Pappu Yadav | Independent | 5,67,556 | 47.46% | Santosh Kumar | JD(U) | 5,43,709 | 45.47% | 23,847 | 1.99% | ||
13 | Madhepura | 58.29% | Dinesh Chandra Yadav | JD(U) | 6,40,649 | 52.96% | Da Kumar Chandrareep | RJD | 4,66,115 | 38.53% | 1,74,534 | 14.43% | ||
14 | Darbhanga | 57.37% | Gopal Jee Thakur | BJP | 5,66,630 | 55.33% | Lalit Kumar Yadav | RJD | 3,88,474 | 37.93% | 1,78,156 | 17.40% | ||
15 | Muzaffarpur | 59.47% | Raj Bhushan Choudhary | BJP | 6,19,749 | 55.71% | Ajay Nishad | INC | 3,84,822 | 34.59% | 2,34,927 | 21.12% | ||
16 | Vaishali | 62.59% | Veena Devi | LJP(RV) | 5,67,043 | 48.38% | Vijay Kumar Shukla | RJD | 4,77,409 | 40.73% | 89,634 | 7.65% | ||
17 | Gopalganj (SC) | 52.32% | Alok Kumar Suman | JD(U) | 5,11,866 | 48.15% | Chanchal Paswan | VIP | 3,84,686 | 36.19% | 1,27,180 | 11.96% | ||
18 | Siwan | 52.49% | Vijaylakshmi Devi | JD(U) | 3,86,508 | 38.73% | Hena Shahab | Independent | 2,93,651 | 29.42% | 92,857 | 9.31% | ||
19 | Maharajganj | 52.27% | Janardan Singh | BJP | 5,29,533 | 52.22% | Aakash Kumar Singh | INC | 4,26,882 | 42.09% | 1,02,651 | 10.13% | ||
20 | Saran | 56.73% | Rajiv Pratap Rudy | BJP | 4,71,752 | 46.18% | Rohini Acharya | RJD | 4,58,091 | 44.84% | 13,661 | 1.34% | ||
21 | Hajipur (SC) | 58.43% | Chirag Paswan | LJP(RV) | 6,15,718 | 53.29% | Shiv Chandra Ram | RJD | 4,45,613 | 38.57% | 1,70,105 | 14.72% | ||
22 | Ujiarpur | 59.59% | Nityanand Rai | BJP | 5,15,965 | 49.51% | Alok Kumar Mehta | RJD | 4,55,863 | 43.75% | 60,102 | 5.76% | ||
23 | Samastipur (SC) | 60.11% | Shambhavi Choudhary | LJP(RV) | 5,79,786 | 52.97% | Sunny Hazari | INC | 3,92,535 | 35.86% | 1,87,251 | 17.11% | ||
24 | Begusarai | 58.70% | Giriraj Singh | BJP | 6,49,331 | 50.15% | Abdhesh Kumar Roy | CPI | 5,67,851 | 43.86% | 81,480 | 6.29% | ||
25 | Khagaria | 57.48% | Rajesh Verma | LJP(RV) | 5,38,657 | 50.73% | Sanjay Kumar | CPI(M) | 3,77,526 | 35.55% | 1,61,131 | 15.18% | ||
26 | Bhagalpur | 53.50% | Ajay Kumar Mandal | JD(U) | 5,36,031 | 50.38% | Ajeet Sharma | INC | 4,31,163 | 40.52% | 1,04,868 | 9.86% | ||
27 | Banka | 54.48% | Giridhari Yadav | JD(U) | 5,06,678 | 49.96% | Jai Prakash Narayan Yadav | RJD | 4,02,834 | 39.72% | 1,03,844 | 10.24% | ||
28 | Munger | 55.55% | Lalan Singh | JD(U) | 5,50,146 | 48.3% | Kumari Anita | RJD | 4,69,276 | 41.2% | 80,870 | 7.10% | ||
29 | Nalanda | 49.78% | Kaushalendra Kumar | JD(U) | 5,59,422 | 48.88% | Sandeep Saurav | CPI(ML)L | 3,90,308 | 34.11% | 1,69,114 | 14.77% | ||
30 | Patna Sahib | 46.85% | Ravi Shankar Prasad | BJP | 5,88,270 | 54.7% | Anshul Avijit | INC | 4,34,424 | 40.39% | 1,53,846 | 14.31% | ||
31 | Pataliputra | 59.27% | Misha Bharti | RJD | 6,13,283 | 49.86% | Ram Kripal Yadav | BJP | 5,28,109 | 42.93% | 85,174 | 6.93% | ||
32 | Arrah | 50.27% | Sudama Prasad | CPI(ML)L | 5,29,382 | 48.28% | Raj Kumar Singh | BJP | 4,69,574 | 42.82% | 59,808 | 5.46% | ||
33 | Buxar | 55.39% | Sudhakar Singh | RJD | 4,38,345 | 40.82% | Mithilesh Tiwari | BJP | 4,08,254 | 38.02% | 30,091 | 2.80% | ||
34 | Sasaram (SC) | 57.16% | Manoj Kumar | INC | 5,13,004 | 46.76% | Shivesh Kumar | BJP | 4,93,847 | 45.01% | 19,157 | 1.75% | ||
35 | Karakat | 54.68% | Raja Ram Singh Kushwaha | CPI(ML)L | 3,80,581 | 36.89% | Pawan Singh | Independent | 2,74,723 | 26.63% | 1,05,858 | 10.26% | ||
36 | Jahanabad | 55.09% | Surendra Prasad Yadav | RJD | 4,43,035 | 47.88% | Chandeshwar Prasad | JD(U) | 3,00,444 | 32.47% | 1,42,591 | 15.41% | ||
37 | Aurangabad | 50.35% | Abhay Kushwaha | RJD | 4,65,567 | 49.22% | Sushil Kumar Singh | BJP | 3,86,456 | 40.86% | 79,111 | 8.36% | ||
38 | Gaya (SC) | 52.76% | Jitan Ram Manjhi | HAM(S) | 4,94,960 | 51.36% | Kumar Sarvjeet | RJD | 3,93,148 | 40.8% | 1,01,812 | 10.56% | ||
39 | Nawada | 43.17% | Vivek Thakur | BJP | 4,10,608 | 47.2% | Shrawan Kumar | RJD | 3,42,938 | 39.42% | 67,670 | 7.78% | ||
40 | Jamui (SC) | 51.25% | Arun Bharti | LJP(RV) | 5,09,046 | 51.98% | Archana Kumari | RJD | 4,45,613 | 40.5% | 1,12,482 | 11.48% | ||
Party | Assembly segments | Current Position in the Assembly | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NDA | JD(U) | 74 | 45 | ||
BJP | 67 | 78 | |||
LJP(RV) | 29 | 0 | |||
HAM(S) | 4 | 4 | |||
Total | 174 | 127 | |||
INDIA | RJD | 36 | 79 | ||
INC | 12 | 19 | |||
CPI(ML)L | 12 | 12 | |||
CPI | 1 | 2 | |||
CPI(M) | 0 | 2 | |||
VIP | 1 | 0 | |||
Total | 62 | 114 | |||
Others | Independents | 5 | 1 | ||
AIMIM | 2 | 1 | |||
Total | 7 | 2 | |||
Total | 243 |
Janata Dal (United) ("People's Party (United)"), abbreviated as JD(U), is a social-democratic and secularist Indian political party, rooted mainly in eastern and north-eastern India, whose stated goals are promoting social justice and lifting up marginalised people. JD(U) is recognised as a state party in the states of Bihar, where it heads the government, Manipur, where it is part of the government coalition in the legislative assembly, and Arunachal Pradesh. JD(U), as part of the Bharatiya Janata Party-led National Democratic Alliance, won 12 seats in the 2024 Indian general election, making it the seventh largest party in the Lok Sabha.
The Rashtriya Janata Dal is an Indian political party, mainly based in the state of Bihar. The party was founded in 1997 by Lalu Prasad Yadav.
The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation is a communist political party in India. The party is represented in Bihar and Jharkhand Legislative Assemblies. Since 2023, the party is also a member of the INDIA electoral alliance. In Bihar, the party has significant base amongst the Extremely Backward Castes and the Schedule Castes. It was successful in mobilising Upper Backward Caste groups such as Koeris in some districts of central Bihar, prior to the rise of Lalu Prasad Yadav. The party faced existential crisis when a large section of its Koeri and Yadav support base defected to Rashtriya Janata Dal in 1990s. However, the ideological commitment of its cadre protected it from disintegration. It staged a comeback in politics after winning twelve seats in Bihar Legislative Assembly in 2020 and by sending two of its members to Lok Sabha in 2024 Indian general elections.
Nitish Kumar is an Indian politician who has been serving as the 22nd chief minister of Bihar since 22 February 2015, having previously held the office from 2005 to 2014 and for a short period in 2000. He is Bihar's longest serving chief minister whilst also holding the post for his 9th term.
Mahabali Singh Kushwaha(born 20 April 1955) is an Indian politician belonging to Bhabua, Kaimur district, Bihar. He was a member of the Indian Parliament, representing Karakat.
Rashtriya Lok Samta Party was a political party in India led by Upendra Kushwaha. It was launched on 3 March 2013 and was based in the state of Bihar. The party came into existence as a result of a feud between Nitish Kumar and Upendra Kushwaha, after which Kushwaha left The Nitish Kumar lead Janata Dal (United) and formed his own party. It has faced multiple rebellions and desertions since 2015. After the relations between Nitish and Kushwaha normalized, Upendra Kushwaha merged RLSP into JDU on 14 March 2021, with this, the party ceased to exist.
Upendra Kumar Singh, commonly known as Upendra Kushwaha is an Indian politician, and a former Member of Bihar Legislative Council and Bihar Legislative Assembly. He has also served as Minister of State for Human Resources and Development in the Government of India. Kushwaha is a former Member of Parliament (MP) from the Karakat constituency in Rohtas district, Bihar, and a former member of the Rajya Sabha. He was the leader of Rashtriya Samata Party (RSP), his own party, which merged into Janata Dal (United) (JDU) in 2009. Later, he formed Rashtriya Lok Samata Party (RLSP), which also merged with JD(U) in 2021. On 20 February 2023, Kushwaha resigned from all positions in Janata Dal (United) and formed his own party called Rashtriya Lok Morcha due to his political problems with JD(U) and Nitish Kumar. Kushwaha contested the Lok Sabha election of 2024 from Karakat constituency and finished at a distant third position. However, he was elected unopposed to Rajya Sabha in August 2024.
The Legislative Assembly election was held over five phases in Bihar through October–November 2015 before the end of the tenure of the prior Legislative Assembly of Bihar on 29 November 2015.
Shakuni Choudhary is an Indian politician who is a founding member of Samata Party. He was elected to the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Khagaria Lok Sabha constituency as member of the Samata Party. Choudhary has been known for political defection and has remained Deputy Speaker in the Bihar Legislative Assembly.
Mahagathbandhan, also known as Grand Alliance, is a coalition of political parties in the Eastern state of Bihar in India, formed ahead of the 2015 Vidhan Sabha elections in Bihar. The alliance consists of Rashtriya Janata Dal (RJD), Indian National Congress (INC) and Left parties including Communist Party of India (CPI), Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation-CPIML (Liberation) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPIM), with Tejashwi Yadav as the chairperson.
The Bihar Legislative Assembly election was held in three phases through October–November to elect members to the Seventeenth Bihar Legislative Assembly. The term of the previous Sixteenth Legislative Assembly of Bihar ended on 29 November 2020.
The Grand Democratic Secular Front (GDSF) was a coalition of political parties in the Indian state of Bihar formed on 8 October 2020 after the merger of the constituents of the United Democratic Secular Alliance and a three party front. The coalition was formed in the wake of the 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election and consisted of 6 parties.
Abhay Kushwaha alias is an Indian politician from the Rashtriya Janata Dal, and a Member of Parliament representing Aurangabad in Bihar, India and former Member of Legislative Assembly for Tikari in the Gaya district of Bihar. An erstwhile member of Janata Dal (United); he won the 2015 Legislative Assembly election to the Tekari constituency by defeating Anil Kumar of Hindustani Awam Morcha, a political party led by former Bihar Chief Minister, Jitan Ram Manjhi. He defeated Anil Kumar by a huge margin of votes. While Abhay secured 86,975 votes, Anil managed to get 55,162 votes only. In 2024 Indian general election, he won the Aurangabad, Bihar Lok Sabha constituency by defeating BJP's four term member of parliament, Sushil Kumar Singh. He contested on the symbol of Rashtriya Janata Dal in this election.
Samrat Choudhary, also known by his alias Rakesh Kumar is an Indian politician, who is currently serving as Deputy Chief minister of Bihar under Nitish Kumar. He is a member of the Bihar Legislative Council from the Bharatiya Janata Party. He has been the party president of BJP Bihar State unit from March 2023 to 25 July 2024. He has also remained Member of Legislative Assembly and a minister in Government of Bihar in Rashtriya Janata Dal government. Chaudhary has been a former Vice President of BJP for the state of Bihar and currently elected for the second term as MLC in 2020 after his first term ended in 2019. In 2014, Samrat planned a split in Rashtriya Janata Dal by defecting thirteen MLAs as splinter group of the party, later joining the BJP. In 2022, he was selected as the Leader of Opposition in Bihar Legislative Council. In 2024, he was also made the convener of Group of Ministers on Goods and Service Tax rate rationalisation panel.
Shri Bhagwan Singh Kushwaha is a politician from Bihar, who has also served as a minister in the Government of Bihar. He is a son-in-law of Jagdish Mahto— the founder of Naxalism in Ekwari village of the Bhojpur region of Bihar. He has assumed several important posts in various regional political parties of Bihar, which include Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist), Rashtriya Janata Dal, Janata Dal (United), Lok Janshakti Party, Jan Adhikar Party Loktantrik and Rashtriya Lok Samata Party. Kushwaha once headed JD(U)'s youth wing and has also been Minister for rural development in Bihar. In July 2024, he was elected to the Bihar Legislative Council. He was nominated by the Janata Dal (United) as its candidate to fill the vacancy of the post caused by end of the tenure of another leader of the party.
The Luv-Kush equation is a political term used in the context of the politics of Bihar, to denote the alliance of the agricultural Kurmi and the Koeri caste, which was assumed to be approximately 15% of the state's population The alliance of these two caste groups has remained the support base of Nitish Kumar, as against the MY equation of Lalu Prasad Yadav, which constitutes Muslims and the Yadavs. Caste consciousness and the quest for political representation largely drive the politics of Bihar. The political alliance of the Koeri and the Kurmi castes, termed the "Luv-Kush equation" was formed when a massive Kurmi Chetna Rally was organised by members of the Kurmi community in 1994 against the alleged casteist politics of Lalu Yadav, who was blamed by contemporary community leaders for promoting Yadavs in politics and administration.
Manoj Singh Kushwaha is a former minister of Bihar. Kushwaha was the Minor Water Resources minister in the Jitan Ram Manjhi cabinet in 2014–15. He contested from the Kurhani Assembly constituency in February 2005, November 2005 and 2010 legislative assembly elections, and was victorious.
The Rashtriya Lok Morcha, originally established as Rashtriya Lok Janata Dal is an Indian political party formally announced by Upendra Kushwaha on 20 February 2023, in Bihar after resignation from Janata Dal (United). The party's ideology is based on the ideals of Karpoori Thakur. The foundation of the party was preceded by a two day conference organised by Upendra Kushwaha in Patna, in which he invoked the participation of all the members of Mahatama Phule Samata Parishad, a socio-political organisation and his trusted aides in Janata Dal (United). In the backdrop of this conference the foundation of the party was announced. Jitendra Nath who hails from sheikhpura was made the party's vice president.
Raja Ram Singh or Raja Ram Singh Kushwaha, is an Indian politician based in Bihar, who was elected to Bihar Legislative Assembly twice, from Obra Assembly constituency in Aurangabad district. He is a member of Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation. He was first elected in 1995 and retained this constituency in 2000 Bihar Legislative Assembly elections. He is also a politburo member of CPI(ML)L. In 2024 Indian general election, he defeated Bhojpuri singer Pawan Singh with a margin of over one lakh votes to win Karakat Lok Sabha constituency. He stood first in the triangular electoral contest involving National Democratic Alliance candidate and Rashtriya Lok Morcha president, Upendra Kushwaha and Pawan Singh.
Prabhu Dayal Singh was an Indian politician from Bihar, who served as member of Bihar Legislative Assembly for three terms from erstwhile Mirganj Assembly constituency in Gopalganj district of Bihar. Singh was a member of Rashtriya Janata Dal led by Lalu Prasad Yadav and was considered as a trusted aide of Yadav's brother-in-law Subhash Prasad Yadav. Singh had also served as member of other political parties which included Indian National Congress and Samata Party.