Chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7) is a small cytokine known as a chemokine that was previously called monocyte-chemotactic protein 3 (MCP3). Due to CCL7 possessing two adjacent N-terminal cysteine residues in its mature protein, it is classified among the subfamily of chemokines known as CC chemokines. CCL7 specifically attracts monocytes, and regulates macrophage function. It is produced by certain tumor cell lines and by macrophages. This chemokine is located on chromosome 17 in humans, in a large cluster containing many other CC chemokines and is most closely related to CCL2.
Chemokine ligand 8 (CCL8), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 2 (MCP2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL8 gene.
Chemokine ligand 13 (CCL13) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. Its gene is located on human chromosome 17 within a large cluster of other CC chemokines. CCL13 induces chemotaxis in monocytes, eosinophils, T lymphocytes, and basophils by binding cell surface G-protein linked chemokine receptors such as CCR2, CCR3 and CCR5. Activity of this chemokine has been implicated in allergic reactions such as asthma. CCL13 can be induced by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 and TNF-α.
Chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) or liver activation regulated chemokine (LARC) or Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-3 (MIP3A) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is strongly chemotactic for lymphocytes and weakly attracts neutrophils. CCL20 is implicated in the formation and function of mucosal lymphoid tissues via chemoattraction of lymphocytes and dendritic cells towards the epithelial cells surrounding these tissues. CCL20 elicits its effects on its target cells by binding and activating the chemokine receptor CCR6.
Chemokine ligand 21 (CCL21) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. This chemokine is also known as 6Ckine, exodus-2, and secondary lymphoid-tissue chemokine (SLC). The gene for CCL21 is located on human chromosome 9. CCL21 elicits its effects by binding to a cell surface chemokine receptor known as CCR7.
C-C motif chemokine 22 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL22 gene.
Chemokine ligand 17 (CCL17) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family is also known as thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC). CCL17 is expressed constitutively in thymus, but only transiently in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This chemokine specifically binds and induces chemotaxis in T cells and elicits its effects by interacting with the chemokine receptor CCR4. The gene for CCL17 is located on chromosome 16, in humans, along with other chemokines called CCL22 and CX3CL1.
Chemokine ligand 6 (CCL6) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that has only been identified in rodents.
Chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL19 gene.
Chemokine ligand 23 (CCL23) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also known as Macrophage inflammatory protein 3 (MIP-3) and Myeloid progenitor inhibitory factor 1 (MPIF-1). CCL23 is predominantly expressed in lung and liver tissue, but is also found in bone marrow and placenta. It is also expressed in some cell lines of myeloid origin. CCL23 is highly chemotactic for resting T cells and monocytes and slightly chemotactic for neutrophils. It has also been attributed to an inhibitory activity on hematopoietic progenitor cells. The gene for CCL23 is located on human chromosome 17 in a locus containing several other CC chemokines. CCL23 is a ligand for the chemokine receptor CCR1.
Chemokine ligand 26 (CCL26) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is also called Eotaxin-3, Macrophage inflammatory protein 4-alpha (MIP-4-alpha), Thymic stroma chemokine-1 (TSC-1), and IMAC. It is expressed by several tissues including heart, lung and ovary, and in endothelial cells that have been stimulated with the cytokine interleukin 4. CCL26 is chemotactic for eosinophils and basophils and elicits its effects by binding to the cell surface chemokine receptor CCR3. This gene for chemokine is located on human chromosome 7.
Chemokine ligand 27 (CCL27) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family also known under the names IL-11 R-alpha-locus chemokine (ILC), Skinkine, ESkine and Cutaneous T-cell-attracting chemokine (CTACK). It is associated with homing of memory T lymphocytes to the skin, and plays a role in T cell-mediated inflammation of the skin. CCL27 is expressed in numerous tissues, including gonads, thymus, placenta and skin. It elicits its chemotactic effects by binding to the chemokine receptor CCR10. The gene for CCL27 is located on human chromosome 9.
CC chemokine receptors are integral membrane proteins that specifically bind and respond to cytokines of the CC chemokine family. They represent one subfamily of chemokine receptors, a large family of G protein-linked receptors that are known as seven transmembrane (7-TM) proteins since they span the cell membrane seven times. To date, ten true members of the CC chemokine receptor subfamily have been described. These are named CCR1 to CCR10 according to the IUIS/WHO Subcommittee on Chemokine Nomenclature.
Chemokine ligand 9 (CCL9) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is also called macrophage inflammatory protein-1 gamma (MIP-1γ), macrophage inflammatory protein-related protein-2 (MRP-2) and CCF18, that has been described in rodents. CCL9 has also been previously designated CCL10, although this name is no longer in use. It is secreted by follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) such as that found around Peyer's patches, and attracts dendritic cells that possess the cell surface molecule CD11b and the chemokine receptor CCR1. CCL9 can activate osteoclasts through its receptor CCR1 suggesting an important role for CCL9 in bone resorption. CCL9 is constitutively expressed in macrophages and myeloid cells. The gene for CCL9 is located on chromosome 11 in mice.
C-C chemokine receptor type 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR7 gene. Two ligands have been identified for this receptor: the chemokines ligand 19 (CCL19/ELC) and ligand 21 (CCL21).
Chemokine receptor 6 also known as CCR6 is a CC chemokine receptor protein which in humans is encoded by the CCR6 gene. CCR6 has also recently been designated CD196.
C-C chemokine receptor type 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR10 gene.
C-C chemokine receptor type 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR9 gene.
C-C chemokine receptor type 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCRL1 gene.
Chemokine-binding protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCBP2 gene.
