| LTB | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | LTB , TNFC, TNFSF3, p33, Lymphotoxin beta, TNLG1C | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 600978; MGI: 104796; HomoloGene: 1752; GeneCards: LTB; OMA:LTB - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Lymphotoxin-beta (LT-beta) formerly known as tumor necrosis factor C (TNF-C) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTB gene. [5] [6] [7]
Lymphotoxin beta is a type II membrane protein of the TNF family. It anchors lymphotoxin-alpha to the cell surface through heterotrimer formation. The predominant form on the lymphocyte surface is the lymphotoxin-alpha 1/beta 2 complex (e.g. 1 molecule alpha/2 molecules beta) and this complex is the primary ligand for the lymphotoxin-beta receptor. The minor complex is lymphotoxin-alpha 2/beta 1. LTB is an inducer of the inflammatory response system and involved in normal development of lymphoid tissue. Lymphotoxin-beta isoform b is unable to complex with lymphotoxin-alpha suggesting a function for lymphotoxin-beta which is independent of lymphotoxin-alpha. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [7]
Pro-tumorigenic function of membrane LT is clearly established: mice with overexpression of LTα or LTβ showed increased tumor growth and metastasis in several models of cancer. However, these studies utilized mice with complete LTα gene deficiency that did not allow to distinguish effects of soluble versus membrane-associated LT. [8]
LTB has been shown to interact with Lymphotoxin alpha. [9] [10] [11]
CD11c, also known as Integrin, alpha X (ITGAX), is a gene that encodes for CD11c.
Interleukin-23 subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL23A gene. The protein is also known as IL-23p19. It is one of the two subunits of the cytokine Interleukin-23.
Chemokine ligand 7 (CCL7) is a small cytokine that was previously called monocyte-chemotactic protein 3 (MCP3). CCL7 is a small protein that belongs to the CC chemokine family and is most closely related to CCL2.
Lymphotoxin beta receptor (LTBR), also known as tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 3 (TNFRSF3), is a cell surface receptor for lymphotoxin involved in apoptosis and cytokine release. It is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily.
Interleukin 8 receptor, alpha is a chemokine receptor. This name and the corresponding gene symbol IL8RA have been replaced by the HGNC approved name C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 and the approved symbol CXCR1. It has also been designated as CD181. The IUPHAR Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification use the HGNC recommended name, CXCR1.
C-C chemokine receptor type 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR1 gene.
Tryptase alpha-1 and tryptase beta-1 are enzymes that in humans are encoded by the same TPSAB1 gene. Beta tryptases appear to be the main isoenzymes expressed in mast cells; whereas in basophils, alpha tryptases predominate.
Lymphotoxin-alpha (LT-α) formerly known as tumor necrosis factor-beta (TNF-β) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LTA gene. Belonging to the hematopoietic cell line, LT-α exhibits anti-proliferative activity and causes the cellular destruction of tumor cell lines. As a cytotoxic protein, LT-α performs a variety of important roles in immune regulation depending on the form that it is secreted as. Unlike other members of the TNF superfamily, LT-α is only found as a soluble homotrimer, when found at the cell surface it is found only as a heterotrimer with LTβ.
Interleukin 1 receptor, type II (IL-1R2) also known as CD121b is an interleukin receptor. IL1R2 also denotes its human gene.
TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRAF3 gene.
CD82, or KAI1, is a human protein encoded by the CD82 gene.
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DMB gene.
LIGHT, also known as tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14), is a secreted protein of the TNF superfamily. It is recognized by herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), as well as decoy receptor 3.
Interleukin-12 receptor, beta 1, or IL-12Rβ1 in short, is a subunit of the interleukin 12 receptor and the interleukin 23 receptor. IL12RB1, is the name of its human gene. IL-12Rβ1 is also known as CD212.
1-Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLCB3 gene.
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG1 gene.
Vascular endothelial growth inhibitor (VEGI), also known as TNF-like ligand 1A (TL1A) and TNF superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15), is protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFSF15 gene. VEGI is an anti-angiogenic protein. It belongs to tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, where it is member 15. It is the sole known ligand for death receptor 3, and it can also be recognized by decoy receptor 3.
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ(6) alpha chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DQA2 gene. Also known as HLA-DXA or DAAP-381D23.2, it is part of the human leukocyte antigen system.
CD79b molecule, immunoglobulin-associated beta, also known as CD79B, is a human gene.
T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain, is a protein encoded by CD8A gene.
