CCL28

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chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 28
Identifiers
SymbolCCL28
Alt. symbolsSCYA28, MEC, CCK1
NCBI gene 56477
HGNC 17700
OMIM 605240
RefSeq NM_148672
UniProt Q9NRJ3
Other data
Locus Chr. 5 p12

Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 28 (CCL28), also known as mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine (MEC), CCK1 and SCYA28, is a chemokine. CCL28 regulates the chemotaxis of cells that express the chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR10. CCL28 is expressed by columnar epithelial cells in the gut, lung, breast and the salivary glands and drives the mucosal homing of T and B lymphocytes that express CCR10, and the migration of eosinophils expressing CCR3. [1] [2] [3] This chemokine is constitutively expressed in the colon, but its levels can be increased by pro-inflammatory cytokines and certain bacterial products implying a role in effector cell recruitment to sites of epithelial injury. [4] CCL28 has also been implicated in the migration of IgA-expressing cells to the mammary gland, [5] salivary gland, intestine [6] and other mucosal tissues. [7] It has also been shown as a potential antimicrobial agent effective against certain pathogens, such as Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria and the fungus Candida albicans . [4]

Human CCL28 is encoded by an RNA transcript of 373 nucleotides and a gene with four exons. The gene codes for a 127-amino acid CCL28 protein with a 22-amino acid N-terminal signal peptide. It shares 76% nucleic acid identity and 83% amino acid similarity to the equivalent molecule in mouse. [8] [9] Sequence analysis has revealed CCL28 to be most similar to another CC chemokine called CCL27.

Gene neighbourhood

The gene C5orf34 is found downstream of CCL28 and is a predicted to be in the Polo-like Kinase family. C5orf34 extends from base pair 43,486,701 to base pair 43,515,445. [10]

Related Research Articles

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CCL20 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) or liver activation regulated chemokine (LARC) or Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-3 (MIP3A) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. It is strongly chemotactic for lymphocytes and weakly attracts neutrophils. CCL20 is implicated in the formation and function of mucosal lymphoid tissues via chemoattraction of lymphocytes and dendritic cells towards the epithelial cells surrounding these tissues. CCL20 elicits its effects on its target cells by binding and activating the chemokine receptor CCR6.

CCL18 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Chemokine ligand 18 (CCL18) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family. The functions of CCL18 have been well studied in laboratory settings, however the physiological effects of the molecule in living organisms have been difficult to characterize because there is no similar protein in rodents that can be studied. The receptor for CCL18 has been identified in humans only recently, which will help scientists understand the molecule's role in the body.

Chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) is a small cytokine belonging to the CC chemokine family that is known under several pseudonyms, including Liver-expressed chemokine (LEC) and Monotactin-1 (MTN-1). This chemokine is expressed by the liver, thymus, and spleen and is chemoattractive for monocytes and lymphocytes. Cellular expression of CCL16 can be strongly induced in monocytes by IL-10, IFN-γ and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Its gene is located on chromosome 17, in humans, among a cluster of other CC chemokines. CCL16 elicits its effects on cells by interacting with cell surface chemokine receptors such as CCR1, CCR2, CCR5 and CCR8.

CCL21 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

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CCL19 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL19 gene.

CC chemokine receptors are integral membrane proteins that specifically bind and respond to cytokines of the CC chemokine family. They represent one subfamily of chemokine receptors, a large family of G protein-linked receptors that are known as seven transmembrane (7-TM) proteins since they span the cell membrane seven times. To date, ten true members of the CC chemokine receptor subfamily have been described. These are named CCR1 to CCR10 according to the IUIS/WHO Subcommittee on Chemokine Nomenclature.

Chemokine ligand 17 (CXCL17) is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that has been identified in humans and mice. CXCL17 attracts dendritic cells and monocytes and is regulated in tumors. It is also known as VEGF co-regulated chemokine 1 (VCC-1) and dendritic cell- and monocyte-attracting chemokine-like protein (DMC). This chemokine is constitutively expressed in the lung. The gene for human CXCL17 is located on chromosome 19.

CXCR5 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CXC-R5) also known as CD185 or Burkitt lymphoma receptor 1 (BLR1) is a G protein-coupled seven transmembrane receptor for chemokine CXCL13 and belongs to the CXC chemokine receptor family. It enables T cells to migrate to lymph node B cell zones. In humans, the CXC-R5 protein is encoded by the CXCR5 gene.

C-C chemokine receptor type 7 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

C-C chemokine receptor type 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR7 gene. Two ligands have been identified for this receptor: the chemokines ligand 19 (CCL19/ELC) and ligand 21 (CCL21).

C-C chemokine receptor type 6 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Chemokine receptor 6 also known as CCR6 is a CC chemokine receptor protein which in humans is encoded by the CCR6 gene. CCR6 has also recently been designated CD196. The gene is located on the long arm of Chromosome 6 (6q27) on the Watson (plus) strand. It is 139,737 bases long and encodes a protein of 374 amino acids.

CCR10 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

C-C chemokine receptor type 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR10 gene.

CCR9 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

C-C chemokine receptor type 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCR9 gene.

CCRL1 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

C-C chemokine receptor type 11 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCRL1 gene.

CCBP2 protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Chemokine-binding protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCBP2 gene.

CXCR6 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

C-X-C chemokine receptor type 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCR6 gene. CXCR6 has also recently been designated CD186.

Eugene C. "Gene" Butcher, M.D. is an immunologist and a Professor of Pathology at Stanford University

Sérgio A. Lira, is a Brazilian-born American immunologist who pioneered the use of genetic approaches to study the function of chemokines. His early studies were the first to show that chemokines played a major role on leukocyte trafficking to the brain, the lung and the thymus.

Gut-specific homing is the mechanism by which activated T cells and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) are targeted to both inflamed and non-inflamed regions of the gut in order to provide an effective immune response. This process relies on the key interaction between the integrin α4β7 and the addressin MadCAM-1 on the surfaces of the appropriate cells. Additionally, this interaction is strengthened by the presence of CCR9, a chemokine receptor, which interacts with TECK. Vitamin A-derived retinoic acid regulates the expression of these cell surface proteins.

C-c motif chemokine ligand 27 mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

C-C motif chemokine ligand 27 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL27 gene.

References

  1. ↑ Rodriguez MW, Paquet AC, Yang YH, Erle DJ (July 2004). "Differential gene expression by integrin beta 7+ and beta 7- memory T helper cells". BMC Immunology. 5: 13. doi:10.1186/1471-2172-5-13. PMC   476736 . PMID   15236665.
  2. ↑ Kunkel EJ, Kim CH, Lazarus NH, Vierra MA, Soler D, Bowman EP, Butcher EC (April 2003). "CCR10 expression is a common feature of circulating and mucosal epithelial tissue IgA Ab-secreting cells". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 111 (7): 1001–10. doi:10.1172/JCI17244. PMC   152588 . PMID   12671049.
  3. ↑ John AE, Thomas MS, Berlin AA, Lukacs NW (February 2005). "Temporal production of CCL28 corresponds to eosinophil accumulation and airway hyperreactivity in allergic airway inflammation". The American Journal of Pathology. 166 (2): 345–53. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)62258-4. PMC   1602329 . PMID   15681819.
  4. 1 2 Hieshima K, Ohtani H, Shibano M, Izawa D, Nakayama T, Kawasaki Y, Shiba F, Shiota M, Katou F, Saito T, Yoshie O (February 2003). "CCL28 has dual roles in mucosal immunity as a chemokine with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity". Journal of Immunology. 170 (3): 1452–61. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.3.1452. PMID   12538707.
  5. ↑ Wilson E, Butcher EC (September 2004). "CCL28 controls immunoglobulin (Ig)A plasma cell accumulation in the lactating mammary gland and IgA antibody transfer to the neonate". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 200 (6): 805–9. doi:10.1084/jem.20041069. PMC   2211970 . PMID   15381732.
  6. ↑ Feng N, Jaimes MC, Lazarus NH, Monak D, Zhang C, Butcher EC, Greenberg HB (May 2006). "Redundant role of chemokines CCL25/TECK and CCL28/MEC in IgA+ plasmablast recruitment to the intestinal lamina propria after rotavirus infection". Journal of Immunology. 176 (10): 5749–59. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.176.10.5749. PMID   16670280.
  7. ↑ Lazarus NH, Kunkel EJ, Johnston B, Wilson E, Youngman KR, Butcher EC (April 2003). "A common mucosal chemokine (mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine/CCL28) selectively attracts IgA plasmablasts". Journal of Immunology. 170 (7): 3799–805. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3799. PMID   12646646.
  8. ↑ Wang W, Soto H, Oldham ER, Buchanan ME, Homey B, Catron D, Jenkins N, Copeland NG, Gilbert DJ, Nguyen N, Abrams J, Kershenovich D, Smith K, McClanahan T, Vicari AP, Zlotnik A (July 2000). "Identification of a novel chemokine (CCL28), which binds CCR10 (GPR2)". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (29): 22313–23. doi:10.1074/jbc.M001461200. PMID   10781587.
  9. ↑ Pan J, Kunkel EJ, Gosslar U, Lazarus N, Langdon P, Broadwell K, Vierra MA, Genovese MC, Butcher EC, Soler D (September 2000). "A novel chemokine ligand for CCR10 and CCR3 expressed by epithelial cells in mucosal tissues". Journal of Immunology. 165 (6): 2943–9. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.165.6.2943. PMID   10975800.
  10. ↑ "CCL28 C-C motif chemokine ligand 28 [Homo sapiens (human)]". Gene - NCBI.


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