Interleukin 34

Last updated
IL34
4dkc.png
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases IL34 , C16orf77, IL-34, Interleukin 34
External IDs OMIM: 612081 MGI: 1923777 HomoloGene: 12648 GeneCards: IL34
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001172771
NM_001172772
NM_152456

NM_001135100
NM_029646

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001166242
NP_001166243
NP_689669

NP_001128572
NP_083922

Location (UCSC) Chr 16: 70.58 – 70.66 Mb Chr 8: 111.47 – 111.53 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Interleukin 34 (IL-34) is a protein belonging to a group of cytokines called interleukins. It was originally identified in humans, by large scale screening of secreted proteins; chimpanzee, murine, rat and chicken interleukin 34 orthologs have also been found. The protein is composed of 241 amino acids, 39 kilodaltons in mass, and forms homodimers. IL-34 increases growth or survival of immune cells known as monocytes; it elicits its activity by binding the Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of human IL-34 is most abundant in spleen but occurs in several other tissues: thymus, liver, small intestine, colon, prostate gland, lung, heart, brain, kidney, testes, and ovary. The discovery of IL-34 protein in the red pulp of the spleen suggests involvement in growth and development of myeloid cells, consistent with its activity on monocytes. [5]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CD14</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

CD14 is a human protein made mostly by macrophages as part of the innate immune system. It helps to detect bacteria in the body by binding lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">VCAM-1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Vascular cell adhesion protein 1 also known as vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) or cluster of differentiation 106 (CD106) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VCAM1 gene. VCAM-1 functions as a cell adhesion molecule.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interleukin 16</span>

Interleukin 16 is a pro-inflammatory pleiotropic cytokine. It's precursor, pro-interleukin-16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL16 gene. This gene was discovered in 1982 at Boston University by Dr. David Center and Dr. William Cruikshank.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interleukin 20</span>

Interleukin 20 (IL20) is a protein that is in humans encoded by the IL20 gene which is located in close proximity to the IL-10 gene on the 1q32 chromosome. IL-20 is a part of an IL-20 subfamily which is a part of a larger IL-10 family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interleukin 19</span>

Interleukin 19 (IL-19) is an immunosuppressive protein that belongs to the IL-10 cytokine subfamily.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CSF2RB</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

CSF2RB is a common subunit to the following type I cytokine receptors:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Toll-like receptor 6</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Toll-like receptor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR6 gene. TLR6 is a transmembrane protein, member of toll-like receptor family, which belongs to the pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family. TLR6 acts in a heterodimer form with toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Its ligands include multiple diacyl lipopeptides derived from gram-positive bacteria and mycoplasma and several fungal cell wall saccharides. After dimerizing with TLR2, the NF-κB intracellular signalling pathway is activated, leading to a pro-inflammatory cytokine production and activation of innate immune response. TLR6 has also been designated as CD286.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interleukin 5 receptor alpha subunit</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Interleukin 5 receptor, alpha (IL5RA) also known as CD125 is a subunit of the Interleukin-5 receptor. IL5RA also denotes its human gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IL1RAP</span>

Interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL1RAP gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">FOXK2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Forkhead box protein K2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FOXK2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IRAK3</span>

Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IRAK3 gene. Using in vivo liposome-mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid expressing IRAK3 gRNA, IRAK3 was shown to be responsible for endotoxin-induced expression of A20 and VE-cadherin in endothelial cells. Thus, IRAK3 is crucial for maintenance and repair of endothelial barrier after endotoxin-induced lung injury.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CD320</span> Human gene

CD320 is a human gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interleukin 20 receptor, beta subunit</span>

Interleukin-20 receptor beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL20RB gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IL2RA</span> Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens

Interleukin-2 receptor alpha chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL2RA gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TICAM2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TICAM2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interleukin-7 receptor-α</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Interleukin-7 receptor subunit alpha (IL7R-α) also known as CD127 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL7R gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">UBL7</span>

Ubiquitin-like 7 is a protein in humans that is encoded by the UBL7 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GFRAL</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

GDNF family receptor alpha like is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GFRAL gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MRPS2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S2 (MRPS2), otherwise known as uS2m, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MRPS9</span>

Mitochondrial ribosomal protein S9 (MRPS9), otherwise known as uS9m, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS9 gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000157368 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000031750 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Lin H, Lee E, Hestir K, et al. (May 2008). "Discovery of a cytokine and its receptor by functional screening of the extracellular proteome". Science. 320 (5877): 807–11. Bibcode:2008Sci...320..807L. doi:10.1126/science.1154370. PMID   18467591. S2CID   44340470.

Interleukin-34 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)