Dark-breasted rosefinch

Dark-breasted rosefinch
Male at 9,800 ft in East Sikkim of the state of Sikkim, India
Female at 6,500 ft in Khangchendzonga National Park, West Sikkim, India
Conservation status
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) [1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Fringillidae
Subfamily:	Carduelinae
Genus:	Procarduelis Blyth, 1843
Species:	P. nipalensis
Binomial name
Procarduelis nipalensis (Hodgson, 1836)

The dark-breasted rosefinch (Procarduelis nipalensis) is a species of true finch in the monotypic genus Procarduelis. It is found in Bhutan, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Its natural habitats are boreal forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland.

Taxonomy

The dark-breasted rosefinch was formerly placed in the genus Carpodacus but was moved Procarduelis based on the results from the phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences. ^{[2] [3]}

Subspecies

Subspecific variation is mostly clinal, with the plumage becoming darker from west to east. ^[4] There are between two-three recognised subspecies: ^[5]

• P. n. nipalensis – Hodgson, 1836: The nominate, it is found in the Himalayas, from Kumaon to Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, and southeastern Tibet. Populations from southwestern China, south Tibet, and northern Vietnam are sometimes separated as a distinct subspecies, P. n. intensicolor.
• P. n. kangrae – Whistler, 1939: in the western Himalayas, from Kashmir to Garhwal.

Description

The Dark-breasted rosefinch is a medium-sized finch characterized by sexual dimorphism. Males exhibit a vibrant dark pink plumage with a contrasting lighter throat and eyebrow stripe, while females, in contrast, are a subdued dark brown with conspicuous light-colored wingbars. While superficially resembling the Vinaceous Rosefinch, Dark-breasted rosefinch can be distinguished by the male's unique head pattern and the female's lack of streaking on the underparts, coupled with prominent wingbars. ^[6]

Its vocalizations include a characteristic wheezy sparrow-like "wheer". ^[6]

Ecology

This finch is a rather shy and reclusive bird that breeds in shrublands above the tree line and mixed forest with elements of rhododendron. In winter it is seen in forest clearings and agricultural areas. It forages on the ground in pairs or small groups, searching for seeds and berries. ^[7]

Status

The species has a large range and a large population with stable development and is not believed to be under any substantial threat. Based on these criteria, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categorizes the species as "Least Concern". ^[1] The global population has not been estimated but it is described as common or fairly common. ^[8]

Gallery

• 
  Male at 12,000 ft. from Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary, East Sikkim, India
• 
  Male at 9,500 ft. in Kullu - Manali District of Himachal Pradesh, India.
• 
  Female at 10,500 ft.in Kullu - Manali District of Himachal Pradesh, India
• 
  Male at 11,000 ft. in Kullu - Manali District of Himachal Pradesh, India

References

1. BirdLife International (2016). "Procarduelis nipalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22720550A94672357. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22720550A94672357.en . Retrieved 11 November 2021.
2. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David (eds.). "Finches, euphonias". World Bird List Version 5.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
3. Zuccon, Dario; Prŷs-Jones, Robert; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Ericson, Per G.P. (2012). "The phylogenetic relationships and generic limits of finches (Fringillidae)" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 62 (2): 581–596. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2011.10.002. PMID   22023825.
4. Clement, Peter (2020-03-04). Del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi; Christie, David; De Juana, Eduardo (eds.). "Dark-breasted Rosefinch (Procarduelis nipalensis)" . Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.dabros1.01. S2CID   216485275.
5. "Finches, euphonias, longspurs, Thrush-tanager – IOC World Bird List" . Retrieved 2021-06-21.
6. "Dark-breasted Rosefinch". ebird . Retrieved 2025-01-28.
7. Grewal, Bikram; Harvey, Bill; Pfister, Otto, eds. (2002). A photographic guide to the birds of India: and the Indian subcontinent, including Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka & the Maldives. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN   978-0-691-11496-5.
8. Clement, Peter (1994). Finches & sparrows: an identification guide (Repr ed.). London: Helm. ISBN   978-0-7136-8017-1.