De Havilland Dove

Last updated

DH.104 Dove
De Havilland DH104 Dove 8 'D-INKA' (cropped).jpg
A 1949 de Havilland Dove (2017 air show)
RoleShort-haul airliner
National originUnited Kingdom
Manufacturer de Havilland
First flight25 September 1945;78 years ago (1945-09-25)
StatusLimited service
Produced1946–1967
Number built544 [1]
Developed into de Havilland Heron
de Havilland Australia DHA-3 Drover

The de Havilland DH.104 Dove is a British short-haul airliner developed and manufactured by de Havilland. The design, which was a monoplane successor to the pre-war Dragon Rapide biplane, came about from the Brabazon Committee report which, amongst other aircraft types, called for a British-designed short-haul feeder for airlines. [2]

Contents

The Dove was a popular aircraft and is considered to be one of Britain's most successful postwar civil designs, with over 500 aircraft manufactured between 1946 and 1967. Several military variants were operated, such as the Devon by the Royal Air Force and the Sea Devon by the Royal Navy, and the type also saw service with a number of overseas military forces.

A longer four-engined development of the Dove, intended for use in the less developed areas of the world, was the Heron. A considerably re-designed three-engined variant of the Dove was built in Australia as the de Havilland Australia DHA-3 Drover.

Development and design

The development team for the Dove was headed by Ronald Bishop, [2] the creator of the de Havilland Mosquito, a wartime fighter-bomber, and the de Havilland Comet, the first commercial jet aircraft in the world. It had been developed to meet the Type VB requirement issued by the Brabazon Committee. [3] In concept, the Dove was developed to be the replacement of the pre-war Dragon Rapide. [2] It was also required to be competitive with the large numbers of surplus military transports in the aftermath of the Second World War, such as the Douglas DC-3. [4] Unlike the Dragon Rapide, the Dove's structure was entirely metal. [5] [6] It featured innovations including constant-speed propellers, flaps, and a retractable tricycle undercarriage. [7] [2]

In 1946, aviation magazine Flight praised the qualities of the newly developed Dove, noting its "modernity" as well as the aircraft's load-carrying capacity, safe engine-failure performance, and positive maintenance features. [3] Considerable attention was paid to aspects of maintainability, many of the components being designed to be interchangeable and easy to remove or replace, such as the rudder, elevator, and power units; other areas include the mounting of the engines upon four quick-release pickup points, the routing of cables and piping, and the detachable wings and tail cone. [8] The extensive use of special Redux metal-bonding adhesives reduced the need for riveting during the manufacturing process, reducing overall weight and air-skin friction. [9]

While standard passenger versions of the Dove would carry between eight and eleven passengers, the cabin was designed to allow operators to convert between higher and lower density seating configurations. [10] Features such as a single aircraft lavatory and an aft luggage compartment could be removed to provide increased seating. [11] Various specialised models were produced for other roles, such as aerial survey, air ambulance, and flying classroom. [12] A strengthened cabin floor structure was used to enable concentrated freight loads to be carried as well. [10] The Dove could also serve as an executive transport, and in such a configuration it was capable of seating five passengers; the executive model proved to be popular with various overseas customers, particularly those in the United States. [5]

The crew typically consisted of a pilot and radio operator, although rapidly removable dual flight controls could be installed for a second flying crewmember. [3] A combination of large windows and a transparent perspex cabin roof provided a high level of visibility from the cockpit. [10] [13] From a piloting perspective, the Dove was noted for possessing easy flying qualities and mild stall qualities. [14] A TKS anti-icing system was available for the Dove, involving an alcohol-based jelly delivered via porous metal strips embedded on the leading edges of the wings and tail. [13]

Operational service

RNZAF Devon C.1 of 42 Squadron at Wellington Airport in 1971 DH.104 Devon NZ1802 RNZAF 42 Sqn WELL 21.04.71 edited-2.jpg
RNZAF Devon C.1 of 42 Squadron at Wellington Airport in 1971

The Dove first flew on 25 September 1945. [2] In December 1946, the Dove entered service with Central African Airways. [6] Initial production of the Dove took place at de Havilland's Hatfield factory, but from 1951 the aircraft were built at the company's Broughton facility near Chester. [15] The final example of the type was delivered in 1967. Production of the Dove and its variants totalled 544 aircraft, [1] including two prototypes, 127 military-orientated Devons and 13 Sea Devons.

From 1946, large numbers were sold to scheduled and charter airlines around the world, replacing and supplementing the pre-war designed de Havilland Dragon Rapide and other older designs. The largest order for the Dove was placed by Argentina, which ultimately took delivery of 70 aircraft, [16] the majority of which were used by the Argentine Air Force. LAN Chile took delivery of twelve examples and these were operated from 1949 onwards until the aircraft were sold to several small regional airlines in the United States in 1954. [17] [ page needed ]

In excess of 50 Doves were sold to various operators in the United States by Jack Riley, an overseas distributor for the type. De Havilland later assumed direct control of U.S. sales, but did not manage to match this early commercial success for the type. [18]

An early batch of 30 Devons was delivered to the Royal Air Force [19] and they were used as VIP and light transports for over 30 years. The Royal New Zealand Air Force acquired 30 Devons between 1948 and 1954, and these remained in service for VIP, crew-training and light transport duties into the 1970s. [17] [ page needed ]

The Biafran Air Force operated a single Dove during the Nigerian Civil War; the aircraft was lost, to be subsequently found in 1970 on the premises of a school in Uli. [20] A second US-registered Riley Dove, N477PM delivered in 1967 to Port Harcourt from Switzerland, never reached Biafra because it was stopped by Algerian authorities. [20]

A few Doves and civilianised Devons remained in use in 2011 in the United Kingdom, Canada, Germany and elsewhere with small commercial firms and with private pilot owners.

Variants

Early production Dove 1 of Skyways in June 1948 DH.104 Dove 1 G-AHRB Skyways Ringway 05.06.48 edited-2.jpg
Early production Dove 1 of Skyways in June 1948
Dove G-OPLC in 2003 Dh.dove.750pix.jpg
Dove G-OPLC in 2003
Riley Dove with Lycoming engines and taller swept fin at Long Beach airport in 1987 DH.104 Riley Dove N673R Long Beach CA 04.87-2.jpg
Riley Dove with Lycoming engines and taller swept fin at Long Beach airport in 1987

Carstedt CJ600F stretched cargo conversion of a Dove 1 fitted with TPE331 turboprops, at Dallas Addison in 1975 DH.104 Dove 1 Carstedt CJ600F Falcon N4921V ADD 19.10.75.jpg
Carstedt CJ600F stretched cargo conversion of a Dove 1 fitted with TPE331 turboprops, at Dallas Addison in 1975

Operators

de Havilland Devon De Havilland Devon XA880 - RAF Kemble - BB.jpg
de Havilland Devon
Dove 6A belonging to the National Test Pilot School departs the Mojave Airport Ntps-dh104-N11XW-090302-01-cradj-8.jpg
Dove 6A belonging to the National Test Pilot School departs the Mojave Airport
Cockpit Dove cockpit.jpg
Cockpit

Civil operators

Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
Flag of Bahrain.svg  Bahrain
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium
Flag of Myanmar.svg  Burma
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark
Flag of The Gambia.svg  Gambia
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany
Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana
Flag of India.svg  India
Dove with tail marking HW201 on display at HAL Aerospace Museum at Bengaluru, India De Havilland Dove on display at HAL Aerospace museum Bangalore.jpg
Dove with tail marking HW201 on display at HAL Aerospace Museum at Bengaluru, India
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
De Havilland Dove of the SAATAS East Indonesia at Darwin Airport, 1980s SAATAS East Indonesia de Havilland Dove DRW Wheatley.jpg
De Havilland Dove of the SAATAS East Indonesia at Darwin Airport, 1980s
Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan
Flag of Kenya (1921-1963).svg  Kenya, Flag of the Uganda Protectorate.svg  Uganda, Flag of Tanganyika (1923-1961).svg  Tanganyika and Flag of Zanzibar.svg  Zanzibar
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands
Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria
Flag of Southern Rhodesia (1924-1964).svg  Southern Rhodesia
Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal

Portuguese Angola

Portuguese Cape Verde

Portuguese Mozambique

Transportes Aereos de Timor CR-TAG Dove at Bankstown Airport in the early 1970s. This aircraft is now in the Darwin Aviation Museum. A Bristol Freighter is also present Transportes Aereos De Timor De Havilland DH-104 Dove 1B Wheatley.jpg
Transportes Aéreos de Timor CR-TAG Dove at Bankstown Airport in the early 1970s. This aircraft is now in the Darwin Aviation Museum. A Bristol Freighter is also present

Portuguese Timor

Flag of Sierra Leone.svg  Sierra Leone

Flag of South Africa (1928-1982).svg  South Africa

Flag of Sudan.svg  Sudan
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia

Military operators

Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina
Flag of Congo Free State.svg  Belgian Congo
Flag of Biafra.svg  Biafra
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil
Flag of Ceylon.svg  Ceylon
Flag of Egypt (1922-1958).svg  Egypt
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia
Flag of India.svg  India
Flag of Iraq (1924-1959).svg  Iraq
Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland
Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan
Flag of Katanga.svg  Katanga
Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait
Flag of Laos (1952-1975).svg Kingdom of Laos
Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay
Flag of South Africa (1928-1982).svg  South Africa
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela
Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg  Yugoslavia

Accidents and incidents

Aircraft on display

Dove 1 on display at the Museo Nacional de Aeronautica de Argentina F-12 DH104 Dove Argentine Airforce (8164169390).jpg
Dove 1 on display at the Museo Nacional de Aeronautica de Argentina
Argentina
Australia
Austria
Denmark
Germany
India
Netherlands
New Zealand
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Sweden
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Venezuela

Appearances in fiction

A de Havilland Dove featured prominently in the Gavin Lyall adventure novel Shooting Script . G-ARBH features in the 1962 film The Wrong Arm of the Law as the personal aeroplane of Peter Sellers' character Pearly Gates.

Near the beginning of the 1980 film Flash Gordon, travel agent Dale Arden and New York Jets quarterback Flash Gordon board a de Havilland Dove which subsequently crashes into a greenhouse adjacent to the secret laboratory of Dr. Hans Zarkov. The atmospheric disturbances that caused the crash were instigated by planet Mongo's ruler Ming the Merciless. The crash sequence was filmed using a 30-inch-long model Dove diving into a miniature landscape. [99]

In season 2, episode 9 of the British TV series The Crown, Prince Philip is portrayed as flying a de Havilland Dove.

Specifications (Dove 7)

de Havilland Dove Srs 5 De Havilland Doves Series 5 3-view silhouette.jpg
de Havilland Dove Srs 5

Data from Flight International, [10] Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1966–67, [100] Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1967–68 [101]

General characteristics

Performance

138 mph (120 kn; 222 km/h) economical, 60% power, 8,000 ft (2,438 m) and 8,500 lb (3,856 kg) AUW
94 mph (82 kn; 151 km/h) flaps up
385 mi (335 nmi; 620 km) full fuel, 2,000 lb (907 kg) payload, 45 minutes hold and 5% reserve
295 ft/min (1.5 m/s) with one engine inoperative

See also

Related development

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Westland Whirlwind (helicopter)</span> 1953 helicopter series by Westland

The Westland Whirlwind helicopter was a British licence-built version of the U.S. Sikorsky S-55/H-19 Chickasaw. It primarily served with the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm in anti-submarine and search and rescue roles. It was also exported to other countries, and the Whirlwind was succeeded by the turbine powered Westland Wessex which was developed from the H-19/Whirlwind.

The Lockheed Model 10 Electra is an American twin-engined, all-metal monoplane airliner developed by the Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, which was produced primarily in the 1930s to compete with the Boeing 247 and Douglas DC-2. The type gained considerable fame as one was flown by Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan on their ill-fated around-the-world expedition in 1937.

de Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou De Havilland Canada transport aircraft

The de Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou is a Canadian specialized cargo aircraft with short takeoff and landing (STOL) capability. The Caribou was first flown in 1958 and although mainly retired from military operations, is still in use in small numbers as a rugged bush airplane.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Avro Anson</span> 1935 multi-role military aircraft family by Avro

The Avro Anson is a British twin-engine, multi-role aircraft built by the aircraft manufacturer Avro. Large numbers of the type served in a variety of roles for the Royal Air Force (RAF), Fleet Air Arm (FAA), Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), Royal Australian Air Force and numerous other air forces before, during, and after the Second World War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw</span> Family of utility helicopters

The Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw is a multi-purpose piston engined helicopter that was used by the United States Army and United States Air Force. It was also license-built by Westland Aircraft as the Westland Whirlwind in the United Kingdom. United States Navy and United States Coast Guard models were designated HO4S, while those of the U.S. Marine Corps were designated HRS. In 1962, the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard and U.S. Marine Corps versions were all redesignated as H-19s like their U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force counterparts.

de Havilland Dragon Rapide 1934 small airliner family

The de Havilland DH.89 Dragon Rapide is a 1930s short-haul biplane airliner developed and produced by British aircraft company de Havilland. Capable of accommodating 6–8 passengers, it proved an economical and durable craft, despite its outdated plywood construction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar</span> American passenger transport aircraft of the World War II era

The Lockheed Model 18 Lodestar is a passenger transport aircraft of the World War II era, developed as part of the Model 10 Electra family; developed from the Lockheed Model 14 Super Electra.

de Havilland Sea Venom Carrier-based fighter aircraft family

The de Havilland Sea Venom is a British postwar carrier-capable jet aircraft developed from the de Havilland Venom. It served with the Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm and with the Royal Australian Navy. The French Navy operated the Aquilon, developed from the Sea Venom FAW.20, built under licence by SNCASE (Sud-Est).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck</span> Interceptor aircraft in service 1952-1981

The Avro Canada CF-100 Canuck is a Canadian twinjet interceptor/fighter designed and produced by aircraft manufacturer Avro Canada. It has the distinction of being the only Canadian-designed fighter to enter mass production.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boeing-Stearman Model 75</span> American biplane military training aircraft in use 1934 through WWII

The Stearman (Boeing) Model 75 is an American biplane formerly used as a military trainer aircraft, of which at least 10,626 were built in the United States during the 1930s and 1940s. Stearman Aircraft became a subsidiary of Boeing in 1934. Widely known as the Stearman, Boeing Stearman, or Kaydet, it served as a primary trainer for the United States Army Air Forces, the United States Navy, and with the Royal Canadian Air Force as the Kaydet throughout World War II. After the conflict was over, thousands of surplus aircraft were sold on the civilian market. In the immediate postwar years, they became popular as crop dusters and sports planes, and for aerobatic and wing walking use in air shows.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lockheed JetStar</span> Executive transport jet by Lockheed

The Lockheed JetStar is a business jet produced from the early 1960s to the 1970s. The JetStar was the first dedicated business jet to enter service, as well as the only such airplane built by Lockheed. It was also one of the largest aircraft in the class for many years, seating ten plus two crew. It is distinguishable from other small jets by its four engines, mounted on the rear of the fuselage, and the "slipper"-style fuel tanks fixed to the wings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar</span> American military transport aircraft

The Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar was an American military transport aircraft developed from the World War II-era Fairchild C-82 Packet, designed to carry cargo, personnel, litter patients, and mechanized equipment, and to drop cargo and troops by parachute. The first C-119 made its initial flight in November 1947, and by the time production ceased in 1955, more than 1,100 had been built.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Piasecki H-21</span> American military transport helicopter family

The Piasecki H-21 Workhorse/Shawnee is an American helicopter, the fourth of a line of tandem rotor helicopters designed and built by Piasecki Helicopter. Commonly called "the flying banana", it was a multi-mission helicopter, capable of being fitted with wheels, skis or floats.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sikorsky H-34</span> American helicopter

The Sikorsky H-34 "Choctaw" is an American piston-engined military helicopter originally designed by Sikorsky as an anti-submarine warfare (ASW) aircraft for the United States Navy. It has seen extended use when adapted to turbine power by the British licensee as the Westland Wessex and Sikorsky as the later S-58T.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sikorsky HH-52 Seaguard</span> 1958 transport helicopter family by Sikorsky

The Sikorsky HH-52 Seaguard was an early amphibious helicopter designed and produced by American helicopter manufacturer Sikorsky Aircraft. It was the first of the company's amphibious rotorcraft to fly.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Convair C-131 Samaritan</span> 1954 airlifter series by Convair

The Convair C-131 Samaritan is an American twin-engined military transport produced from 1954 to 1956 by Convair. It is the military version of the Convair CV-240 family of airliners.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Percival Pembroke</span> Type of aircraft

The Percival Pembroke is a British high-wing twin-engined light transport aircraft built by the Percival Aircraft Company, later Hunting Percival.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Percival Proctor</span> Type of aircraft

The Percival Proctor is a British radio trainer and communications aircraft of the Second World War. The Proctor is a single-engined, low-wing monoplane with seating for three or four, depending on the model.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 "De Havilland DH104 Dove & Devon".
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Jackson 1987, p. 443.
  3. 1 2 3 de Havilland Dove 30 May 1946. p. 547a.
  4. The de Havilland Dove 12 April 1945, p. 399.
  5. 1 2 Jerram, Mike. "The last de Havilland." Flying Magazine, 120 (9). p. 43.
  6. 1 2 "Hawker Siddeley Aviation." Flight International, 26 November 1964. p. 919.
  7. "de Havilland Heron." Flight International, 22 January 1954. p. 97.
  8. de Havilland Dove 30 May 1946. pp. 547b-547d.
  9. de Havilland Dove 30 May 1946. p. 547d.
  10. 1 2 3 4 de Havilland Dove 30 May 1946. p. 547.
  11. The de Havilland Dove 12 April 1945, p. 400.
  12. "Commercial Aircraft 1953." Flight International, 6 March 1953. p. 304.
  13. 1 2 Schlaeger September 1961, p. 64.
  14. Schlaeger September 1961, p. 66.
  15. Jackson 1987, p. 444.
  16. Jackson 1987, p. 445.
  17. 1 2 Sykes 1972
  18. Collins, Richard L. "On Top: Life of Riley." Flying Magazine, April 1975. 96(4). p. 8.
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Jackson 1987, p. 446.
  20. 1 2 Cooper, Tom. "Civil War in Nigeria (Biafra), 1967–1970." Acig.org 13 November 2003.
  21. Gunston 1980, p. 158.
  22. Jackson 1987, p. 449
  23. 1 2 3 Gunston 1980, p. 159.
  24. Schlaeger September 1961, pp. 30–31.
  25. "Carstedt Jet Liner 600", Flight International, p. 85, 19 January 1967
  26. Gunston 1980, pp. 159, 238.
  27. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Carstedt Jet Liner 600A N4922V Coolidge, AZ". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 29 November 2020.
  28. Jane 1972, p. 432.
  29. "Riley Dove". Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
  30. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Stroud 1994, p. 67.
  31. 1 2 3 Stroud 1994, p. 68.
  32. "Danish register of civil aircraft - OY-DHZ - de Havilland D.H.104 Dove 6".
  33. "Cimber Air | lex.dk". 8 December 2020.
  34. "Danish register of civil aircraft - OY-ADG - de Havilland D.H.104 Dove 5".
  35. "Falcks Flyvetjeneste | lex.dk". 31 July 2015.
  36. "SOUTH EAST ASIA 1960s-1970s - INDONESIA & DUTCH NEW GUINEA". goodall.com.au. Retrieved 10 February 2021.
  37. "Gulf Coast Airways Timetable (July 1, 1958)". Airline Timetable Images. Bjorn Larsson and David Zekria. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
  38. Air-Britain Archive Winter 2009, p. 148
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Sykes 1973, p. 56-60
  40. "F-12 (cn 04156)". airliners.net, 11 February 2006. Retrieved: 11 October 2011.
  41. Sykes 1973, p. 22
  42. "Congo, Part 1; 1960–1963". ACIG. 2003.
  43. "Rich Peer Victim of French Crash; Lord Fitzwilliam on Airplane With Kennedy's Daughter – Ex-Envoy Leaves Paris." The New York Times, 14 May 1948.
  44. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident 14-MAR-1949 de Havilland DH.104 Dove 1 XY-ABO". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  45. Job, Macarthur (1992). Air Crash Vol. 2. pp 133–140: Aerospace Publications Pty. Ltd.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location (link) Fyshwick, Australia. ISBN   1-875671-01-3
  46. "Accidende aéreo del Vicecomodoro Gustavo Argentino Marambio". www.marambio.aq.
  47. ""El DH-104 Dove en Argentina", Rumbos Aeronauticos digital (12 May 2017)". Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
  48. "Pilot fatally hurt in crash." Sydney Morning Herald, 2 December 1954.
  49. Moor, Anthony. "A Dove down at Dungeness". Aeroplane. No. April 2012. Cudham: Kelsey Publishing. pp. 98–100. ISSN   0143-7240.
  50. "Abdel-Rahman Aref, 91, Former Iraqi President, Is Dead." The New York Times, 25 August 2007.
  51. Sykes 1973, p. 22.
  52. "Aircraft Accident Report TAG Airlines, Inc. de Havilland Dove (DH-104), N2300H, in Lake Erie." [usurped] National Transportation Safety Board, 28 January 1971. NTSB-AAR-71-5.
  53. https://www.ntsb.gov/_layouts/ntsb.aviation/brief.aspx?ev_id=59855&key=0 National Transportation Safety Board NTSB Identification: LAX71AL066
  54. "de Havilland Dove (G-AMYP) - fatal crash at Shoreham 09.07.83". sussexhistoryforum.co.uk.
  55. Smith, Dwight. "1993: Essendon plane crash; Residents anger grows." Archived 24 July 2014 at the Wayback Machine The Weekly Review: Moonee Valley, 7 December 1993.
  56. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 1, s/n F-12 FAA, c/n 04156". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  57. Cuskelly, Ron (16 February 2020). "de Havilland Dove Mk.I VH-MAL". Queensland Air Museum. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  58. "de Havilland Dove CR-TAG". Darwin Aviation Museum. 19 April 2017. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  59. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 1B, c/n 04373, c/r CR-TAG". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  60. "De Havilland DH.104 Dove". Central Australian Aviation Museum. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  61. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 6, c/n 04499, c/r VH-DHH". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  62. "De Havilland D.H. Dove". Danmarks Flymuseum (in Danish). Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  63. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 7, s/n 194, c/n 04530, c/r G-ARUE". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  64. Pillarisetti, Jagan (25 November 2008). "De Havilland Devon [HW201]". Warbirds of India. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  65. "Aircraft HW201 Data". Airport-Data.com. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  66. Pillarisetti, Jagan (17 November 2008). "De Havilland Dove [IN124]". Warbirds of India. Archived from the original on 9 April 2019. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  67. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Devon C.1, s/n IN124 BNS". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  68. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Sea Devon C.Mk 20, s/n XJ350 RN, c/n 04453". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  69. "Check Out Some of the Aircraft on Display at Classic Flyers". ClassicFlyersNZ.com. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  70. "De Havilland D.H.104 Devon". Air Force Museum of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 20 April 2015. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  71. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Devon C.1, s/n NZ1803 RNZAF, c/n 04294". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  72. "Our Exhibits". Ashburton Aviation Museum. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  73. "The Museum Collection". National Transport & Toy Museum. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  74. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 1B, c/n 04323, c/r ZK-RNG". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  75. ""Katberg"". SAA Museum Society. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  76. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 5, s/n CS-401 SLAF, c/n 04463". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  77. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 5, s/n CS402 SLAF, c/n 04464". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  78. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 5, s/n CS404 SLAF, c/n 04497". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  79. "SE-EUR. de Havilland DH 104, "Dove" 6". Flight Collections Arlanda (in Swedish). Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  80. "[Untitled]". Österlens Aviation Museum (in Swedish). Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  81. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 2B, c/n 04379, c/r D-IFSB". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  82. "Aircraft List". Newark Air Museum. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  83. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 1B, c/n 04008, c/r G-AHRI". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  84. "Aircraft Listing". Midland Air Museum. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  85. "De Havilland DH104 Dove G-ALFU". Duxford Aviation Society. Archived from Havilland DH104 Dove G-ALFU.htm the original on 2 January 2015. Retrieved 20 October 2020.{{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  86. "de Havilland Dove". National Museums Scotland. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  87. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 6, c/n 04445, c/r G-ANOV". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  88. "De Havilland Dove". East Midlands Aeropark. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  89. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 6, c/n 04458, c/r G-ANUW". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  90. "de Havilland DH104 Dove Mk.8". de Havilland Aircraft Museum. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  91. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 8, c/n 04520, c/r G-AREA". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  92. "de Havilland Devon". Royal Air Force Museum. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  93. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Devon C.1, s/n VP952 RAF, c/n 04048". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  94. "De Havilland Devon VP967". Yorkshire Air Museum. Archived from the original on 23 October 2020. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  95. 1 2 Rambow, Bill. "Aircraft of the Mid-Atlantic Air Museum". Mid-Atlantic Air Museum. Retrieved 19 October 2020.
  96. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 6A, c/n 04387, c/r N234D". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  97. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 5A, c/n 04380, c/r N557JC". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  98. "Airframe Dossier – de Havilland Dove 2A, s/n 2531 FAV, c/n 04382, c/r YV-T-FTQ". Aerial Visuals. Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  99. "Model Aircraft in the Cinema: Flash Gordon 1980". 13 April 2019.
  100. Taylor, John W.R., ed. (1966). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1966–67 (57th ed.). London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd. pp. 150–151.
  101. Taylor, John W.R., ed. (1967). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1967–68 (58th ed.). London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd. p. 159.
  102. Lednicer, David. "The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage". m-selig.ae.illinois.edu. Retrieved 16 April 2019.

Bibliography