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Districts (Malay : daerah) are the principal administrative divisions of Brunei. The country is divided into four districts, namely Brunei-Muara, Belait, Tutong and Temburong. Temburong is an exclave; it is physically separated from the three other districts by the Brunei Bay and Malaysian state of Sarawak. Each district has a town as its administrative and main economic centre, with the exception of Brunei-Muara, where the principal centre is Bandar Seri Begawan, a city and the country's capital.
The country previously had six districts, namely Brunei, Muara, Limau Manis (also known as Ulu Brunei), Tutong, Belait and Temburong. [1] In 1908 Brunei and Limau Manis were merged, and in 1938 the districts were restructured to form the present-day four districts. [1]
Each district is administered by a District Office (Jabatan Daerah), where District Offices are government departments under the Ministry of Home Affairs. The head of each department is a District Officer (Pegawai Daerah) and appointed by the government. [2]
A district is further divided into mukims, and subsequently each mukim consists of several villages (kampung). Each District Office manages the mukims and villages within its district.
District | Capital | Population (2016 census) [3] | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi) | Population density (km2) | No. of mukims |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brunei-Muara | Bandar Seri Begawan (also the capital of Brunei) | 289,630 | 571 | 220 | 507 | 18 |
Belait | Kuala Belait | 69,062 | 2,727 | 1,053 | 25 | 8 |
Tutong | Pekan Tutong | 48,313 | 1,166 | 450 | 41 | 8 |
Temburong | Pekan Bangar | 10,251 | 1,306 | 504 | 8 | 5 |
Belait District, or simply Belait, is the largest as well as the westernmost district in Brunei. It has an area of 2,727 square kilometres (1,053 sq mi) and the population of 69,062 as of 2016. The administrative town is Kuala Belait, located at the mouth of the Belait River. The district is commonly associated with the oil and gas industry of the country, mainly concentrated near the town of Seria.
Brunei-Muara District or simply Brunei-Muara is one of the four districts of Brunei. It has the smallest area among the four districts, with 571 square kilometres (220 sq mi), yet is the most populous, with 289,630 people as of 2016. Bandar Seri Begawan, the country's capital, is located in this district, which is also de facto the district's capital. It is also home to Brunei International Airport, the country's only international airport, as well as Muara Port, the main and only deep-water port in the country. The Brunei River flows within this district and is home to Kampong Ayer, the traditional historic settlement on stilts above the river.
Tutong District or simply Tutong is one of the four districts of Brunei. It has an area of 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi); the population was 48,313 in 2016. The administrative town is Pekan Tutong. It is home to Tasek Merimbun, the country's largest natural lake.
Temburong District, or simply Temburong is the easternmost district in Brunei. It is an exclave surrounded by Malaysia and the Brunei Bay. Temburong is accessible from Brunei's mainland via the Sultan Haji Omar Ali Saifuddien Bridge. It has a total area of 1,306 km2 (504 sq mi). As of 2016, its population was 10,251; it is the least populous district in Brunei. Bangar is the administrative centre of the Temburong District.
Bangar is a town and administrative centre of Temburong District, Brunei, an isolated territorial exclave separated from the rest of the country by the Malaysian state of Sarawak. The population of the town proper was 451 in 2021. A number of tiny retail establishments may be found throughout the town, providing everything from clothing to handicrafts to basic needs.
Tutong is a municipality town in Mukim Pekan Tutong Tutong District, Brunei. It is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the country's capital Bandar Seri Begawan. It is the administrative centre of Tutong District.
Muara Town or simply Muara is a port town in Brunei-Muara District, Brunei, about 28 kilometres (17 mi) from the capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The population of the town proper was 2,102 in 2016. It is home to Muara Port, the country's primary deep water port.
A daïra or daerah is an administrative division in Algeria and Western Sahara in West Africa, as well as Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia in Southeast Asia. It is commonly translated in English as "district".
The administrative divisions of Brunei mainly consist of daerah (districts), mukim (subdistricts) and kampung or kampong (villages). They are organised hierarchically, with daerah being the first level and kampong the third level.
A mukim is the second-level administrative division of Brunei, and the primary subdivision of a district. There are 39 mukims in the country. A mukim is led by a penghulu, since 2015 elected by popular vote. A mukim encompasses a number of villages. Mukims are administered by the district office of the district where they are located.
Mukim Bukit Sawat is a mukim in Belait District, Brunei. It had a population of 794 in 2016.
Mukim Amo is a mukim in Temburong District, Brunei. It has an area of 542 square kilometres (209 sq mi); the population was 1,657 in 2021.
Postal codes in Brunei are known as postcodes and they are alphanumeric, consisting of two letters followed by four digits. Postcodes in Brunei are issued by the Postal Services Department, a government department under the Ministry of Communications.
Kampong Lumut or commonly known as Lumut, is a coastal settlement in Belait District, Brunei, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the district town Kuala Belait. The total population was 11,273 in 2016.
Kampong Kuala Lurah is a village in the south-west of Brunei-Muara District, Brunei, immediately adjacent to the Brunei-Malaysia border. The population was 798 in 2016. It serves as the vehicular entry point to mainland part of the country from Limbang District in the Malaysian state of Sarawak. It is one of the villages within Mukim Pengkalan Batu. The postcode is BH1923.
Kampong Pandan or simply known as Pandan, is a residential area in Kuala Belait, the principal town of Belait District, Brunei. It has a population of around 16,200 in 2016. It encompasses a housing estate of the country's National Housing Scheme.
The Language and Literature Bureau is the Bruneian language authority of the country's official language Malay. It is also the operator of public libraries in the country. It was established in 1960 and is now a government department under the Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sports.
Public housing in Brunei comprises government development programmes which aim to provide ownership of land or homes to the citizens of Brunei. They are managed by the Housing Development Department, a government department under the Ministry of Development. There has been three main public housing programmes in the country, namely the National Housing Scheme, the Landless Indigenous Citizens' Housing Scheme and the National Resettlement Scheme.
Municipalities in Brunei are settlements which have been incorporated by the government to run as municipalities. They are independent from the hierarchy of the country's subdivisions but nevertheless overlap with mukims and villages, the second- and third-level administrative divisions of Brunei. The governing body of a municipality is municipal department which is a government department under the Ministry of Home Affairs; the head is a chairman which is equivalent to mayor.
Kampong Limau Manis is a village in the south-west of Brunei-Muara District, Brunei. The population was 1,097 in 2016. It is one of the villages within Mukim Pengkalan Batu, a mukim in the district. It is home to an important archaeological site in the country, dating back to the 10th century AD. Their primary economic activities were agriculture and collecting forest products.