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Districts (Malay : daerah) are the principal administrative divisions of Brunei. The country is divided into four districts, namely Brunei-Muara, Belait, Tutong and Temburong. Temburong is an exclave; it is physically separated from the three other districts by the Brunei Bay and Malaysian state of Sarawak. Each district has a town as its administrative and main economic centre, with the exception of Brunei-Muara, where the principal centre is Bandar Seri Begawan, a city and the country's capital.
The country previously had six districts, namely Brunei, Muara, Limau Manis (also known as Ulu Brunei), Tutong, Belait and Temburong. [1] In 1908 Brunei and Limau Manis were merged, and in 1938 the districts were restructured to form the present-day four districts. [1]
Each district is administered by a District Office (Jabatan Daerah), where District Offices are government departments under the Ministry of Home Affairs. The head of each department is a District Officer (Pegawai Daerah) and appointed by the government. [2]
A district is further divided into mukims, and subsequently each mukim consists of several villages (kampung). Each District Office manages the mukims and villages within its district.
District | Capital | Population (2016 census) [3] | Area (km2) | Area (sq mi) | Population density (km2) | No. of mukims |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brunei-Muara | Bandar Seri Begawan (also the capital of Brunei) | 289,630 | 571 | 220 | 507 | 18 |
Belait | Kuala Belait | 69,062 | 2,727 | 1,053 | 25 | 8 |
Tutong | Pekan Tutong | 48,313 | 1,166 | 450 | 41 | 8 |
Temburong | Pekan Bangar | 10,251 | 1,306 | 504 | 8 | 5 |
Brunei–Muara District or simply known as Brunei–Muara, is the smallest as well as the most populated district in Brunei. It has an area of 571 square kilometres (220 sq mi) and the population of 318,530 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre is Bandar Seri Begawan, as well as the Brunei International Airport and Muara Port, the country's only international airport and deep-water port respectively. The Brunei River flows within this district and is home to Kampong Ayer. As the administrative center of Brunei is located in the district, it remains the most developed in the country with the most up-to-date infrastructure, despite not being the center of Brunei's main economic activity.
Tutong District or simply known as Tutong, is the third largest and populated district in Brunei. It has an area of 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi) and the population of 47,210 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre is Tutong Town, as well as the Tutong River and Tasek Merimbun, the country's second longest river and the only ASEAN Heritage Parks in Brunei respectively.
Muara or officially known as Muara Town, is a port town in Brunei-Muara District, Brunei, about 28 kilometres (17 mi) from the capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The population of the town proper was 2,102 in 2016. It is home to Muara Port, the country's primary deep water port.
A daïra or daerah is an administrative division in Algeria and Western Sahara in West Africa, as well as Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia in Southeast Asia. It is commonly translated in English as "district".
The administrative divisions of Brunei Darussalam mainly consist of daerah (districts), mukim (sub-districts), and kampung or kampong (villages). They are organised hierarchically in Brunei Darussalam, with daerah being the largest first level, and kampong the smallest third level.
A mukim is a second-level administrative division of Brunei Darussalam, and the primary sub-division of a larger district. There are thirty-nine mukims within the four districts of the sultanate Brunei Darussalam. A mukim is led by a penghulu, since 2015 elected by democratic vote. A mukim encompasses a number of villages, known in Malay as kampung or kampong. Mukims are administered by the district office of the district where they are located.
Mukim Kuala Belait is a mukim in Belait District, Brunei. The population was 31,308 in 2016. The mukim encompasses Kuala Belait, the administrative town of the district.
Mukim Bukit Sawat is a mukim in Belait District, Brunei. It had a population of 794 in 2016.
Mukim Pengkalan Batu is a mukim in Brunei-Muara District, Brunei. The population was 14,492 in 2016.
Mukim Keriam is a mukim in Tutong District, Brunei. The population was 9,707 in 2016.
Mukim Kiudang is a mukim in Tutong District, Brunei. The population was 5,924 in 2016.
Mukim Telisai is a mukim in Tutong District, Brunei. The population was 10,095 in 2016.
Mukim Pekan Tutong is a mukim in Tutong District, Brunei. The population was 9,883 in 2021. It encompasses Pekan Tutong, the district's sole town and administrative centre.
Mukim Liang is a mukim in Belait District, Brunei. The population was 14,301 in 2016.
Mukim Amo is a mukim in Temburong District, Brunei. It has an area of 542 square kilometres (209 sq mi); the population was 1,657 in 2021.
Mukim Labu is a mukim in Temburong District, Brunei. It has an area of 292 square kilometres (113 sq mi); the population was 508 in 2021.
Postal codes in Brunei Darussalam are known as postcodes, and they are alphanumeric; consisting of two letters followed by four digits. Postcodes in Brunei are issued by the Postal Services Department, a government department under the Ministry of Communications.
Kampong Lumut or commonly known as Lumut, is a coastal settlement in Belait District, Brunei Daurssalam, about 30 kilometres from the district town Kuala Belait. The total population was 11,273 in 2016.
Municipalities in Brunei are settlements which have been incorporated by the government to run as municipalities. They are independent from the hierarchy of the country's subdivisions but nevertheless overlap with mukims and villages, the second- and third-level administrative divisions of Brunei. The governing body of a municipality is municipal department which is a government department under the Ministry of Home Affairs; the head is a chairman which is equivalent to mayor.
Kampong Limau Manis is a village in the south-west of Brunei-Muara District, Brunei. The population was 1,097 in 2016. It is one of the villages within Mukim Pengkalan Batu, a mukim in the district. It is home to an important archaeological site in the country, dating back to the 10th century AD. Their primary economic activities were agriculture and collecting forest products.