List of countries by external debt

For net international debt by country (external debt owing to other countries minus external debt of other countries held), see Net international investment position. For government debts by country, see List of countries by government debt.

This is a list of countries by external debt: it is the total public and private debt owed to nonresidents repayable in internationally accepted currencies, goods or services, where the public debt is the money or credit owed by any level of government, from central to local, and the private debt the money or credit owed by private households or private corporations based on the country under consideration.

For information purposes, several non-sovereign entities are also included in this list.

Note that while a country may have a relatively large external debt (either in absolute or per capita terms) it could actually be a "net international creditor" if its external debt is less than the total of external debt of other countries held by it.

List of countries by debt

Country or territory	External debt (USD)				Date
	Per capita [1] [ circular reference ]	Total	% of GDP [2] [ circular reference ]	% of total wealth [3]
United States of America	76,426	35 trillion	123	17.66	December 2023 [4] [5]
European Union	38,855	17.4 trillion	97.78	16.69	Dec 2023 [4]
United Kingdom	142,455	9.65 trillion	276.07	60.41	Dec 2023 [4]
France	118,148	7.65 trillion	244.44	48.65	Dec 2023 [4]
Germany	81,134	6.76 trillion	147.20	38.78	Dec 2023 [4]
Japan	35,916	4.43 trillion	107.73	19.61	Mar 2024 [4]
Netherlands	241,947	4.26 trillion	373.10	87.55	Mar 2024 [4]
Luxembourg	5,790,000	3.79 trillion	4,279	1267.43	Mar 2024 [4]
Ireland	644,159	3.26 trillion	577.55	356.79	Mar 2024 [4]
Canada	78,937	3.06 trillion	136.53	27.18	Mar 2024 [4]
Italy	47,704	2.81 trillion	120.63	25.48	Dec 2023 [4]
Spain	56,216	2.67 trillion	162.17	31.47	Mar 2024 [4]
China	1,717	2.45 trillion	13.21	2.90	Dec 2023 [4]
Switzerland	259,308	2.28 trillion	243.06	47.24	Dec 2023 [4]
Singapore	331,843	2 trillion	380.01	104.72	Dec 2023 [4]
Hong Kong	245,443	1.84 trillion	452.04	52.64	Dec 2023 [4]
Australia	68,984	1.82 trillion	101.87	18.76	Mar 2024 [4]
Belgium	131,073	1.53 trillion	233.78	47.94	Dec 2023 [4]
Brazil	6,884	1.49 trillion	63.91	32.19	April 2023 [6]
Sweden	100,763	1.07 trillion	171.62	45.79	Mar 2024 [4]
Mexico	6,852	880 billion	43.64	18.10	July 2023 [6]
Norway	135,896	744 billion	141.18	45.25	Mar 2024 [4]
Austria	79,588	713 billion	131.83	39.75	Dec 2023 [4]
South Korea	12,890	667 billion	37.90	6.75	Mar 2024 [4]
India	454.00	648 billion	16.46	4.22	April 2024 [6]
Greece	59,136	612 billion	244.35	68.71	Dec 2023 [4]
Denmark	91,358	540 billion	131.71	28.89	Dec 2023 [4]
Turkey	5,825	500 billion	44.89	48.02	Dec 2023 [4]
Portugal	43,114	442 billion	147.79	33.37	Dec 2023 [4]
Poland	10,406	427 billion	50.54	26.82	Dec 2023 [4]
Indonesia	1,435	398 billion	26.99	12.23	Apr 2024 [4]
Russia	2,105	304 billion	14.78	6.93	Mar 2024 [4]
Argentina	6,247	286 billion	47.32	68.08	Dec 2023 [4]
Hungary	29,135	280 billion	125.24	61.09	Dec 2023 [4]
Malaysia	7,849	269 billion	60.44	39.72	Mar 2024 [4]
Saudi Arabia	7,146	264 billion	23.87	11.64	2022 [6]
Chile	12,267	241 billion	72.15	30.91	Apr 2024 [4]
Malta	415,076	222 billion	976.79	382.92	Dec 2023 [4]
United Arab Emirates	23,159	220 billion	41.76	17.76	31 December 2016 est. [7]
New Zealand	41,461	217 billion	84.14	15.20	Mar 2024 [4]
Czech Republic	19,749	207 billion	63.60	26.92	March 2024 [4]
Taiwan	8,360	200 billion	24.91	3.69	March 2024 [4]
Mauritius	151,452	197 billion	1,204	289.66	Mar 2024 [4]
Colombia	3,768	196 billion	50.84	34.80	Mar 2024 [4]
Cyprus	150,722	190 billion	555.01	174.25	Dec 2023 [4]
Puerto Rico	51,345	167 billion	142.15		31 January 2015 est.
Qatar	71,602	195 billion	79.49	47.79	2018 [8]
Thailand	2,691	193 billion	35.20	13.60	Dec 2023 [4]
Egypt	1,491	168 billion	48.34	13.45	Dec 2023 [4]
Ukraine	4,567	168 billion	88.83	24.72	Mar 2024 [4]
Finland	29,611	168 billion	218.93	85.15	Jul 2024 [4]
Kazakhstan	8,298	163 billion	54.83	22.60	Dec 2023 [4]
Romania	7,964	158 billion	42.82	23.75	June 2023 [6]
South Africa	2,617	158 billion	42.35	17.07	Dec 2023 [4]
Israel	16,861	155 billion	29.15	11.31	Dec 2023 [4]
Vietnam	1,464	145 billion	31.06	14.23	2022 [4]
Pakistan	542.00	130 billion	38.55	19.23	Mar 2024 [4]
Slovakia	22,498	130 billion	92.59	48.29	Dec 2023 [4]
Philippines	1,097	129 billion	27.29	12.73	Mar 2024 [4]
Venezuela	3,820	110 billion	107.65		March 2019 [8]
Bangladesh	582.00	101 billion	22.11	9.33	Dec 2023 [4]
Peru	2,512	86.3 billion	30.55	16.63	June 2023 [6]
Morocco	1,712	64.8 billion	42.51	18.67	Dec 2022 [4]
Kuwait	14,992	64.6 billion	40.29	11.46	Dec 2023 [4]
Sudan	1,297	62.4 billion	232.27	283.64	2021 [8]
Slovenia	28,620	60.7 billion	84.14	32.27	April 2023 [8]
Ecuador	3,124	56.8 billion	46.74	22.29	Apr 2024 [4]
Lithuania	20,556	55.9 billion	68.84	38.01	Mar 2024 [4]
Sri Lanka	2,504	54.8 billion	73.26	15.27	Dec 2023 [4]
Oman	11,633	54 billion	49.60	28.59	2021 [6]
Croatia	13,185	52.9 billion	60.01	22.98	December 2022 [8]
Uruguay	15,163	51.9 billion	62.84	23.92	Dec 2023 [4]
Serbia	7,021	50.2 billion	61.31	26.99	Dec 2023 [4]
Bulgaria	7,309	48.9 billion	45.29	18.95	Mar 2024 [4]
Latvia	24,012	43.9 billion	96.66	31.17	Dec 2023 [4]
Panama	9,681	43.3 billion	49.52	28.84	May 2024 [4]
Nigeria	190.00	42.5 billion	16.81	6.08	Dec 2023 [4]
Tunisia	3,385	42.2 billion	77.08	23.83	Dec 2023 [4]
Jordan	3,633	41.2 billion	76.89	17.53	Dec 2023 [4]
Estonia	30,011	39.7 billion	91.29	48.41	Mar 2024 [4]
Bahrain	26,536	39.4 billion	84.25	33.98	July 2023 [6]
Kenya	711.00	39.2 billion	37.67	9.01	May 2024 [4]
Angola	1,028	37.7 billion	40.92	68.55	31 December 2016 est. [9]
Belarus	3,830	36.4 billion	52.68	14.27	Mar 2024 [4]
Mongolia	10,154	35 billion	159.52	233.35	Mar 2024 [4]
Lebanon	6,476	34.7 billion	159.19	10.05	Dec 2023 [4]
Uzbekistan	948.00	33.3 billion	34.02		December 2020 [8]
Ivory Coast	1,107	32 billion	36.77		2022 [4]
Ghana	855.00	29.2 billion	38.79	26.06	November 2022 [8]
Cuba	2,351	26.3 billion	17.88		31 December 2016 est. [10]
Dominican Republic	2,299	26.1 billion	20.45		31 December 2016 est. [11]
Ethiopia	201	25.4 billion	12.41	8.48	January 25,2024 [12]
Costa Rica	4,479	24.9 billion	25.93	11.81	31 December 2016 est. [13]
Iceland	64,564	24.2 billion	72.69	18.78	Mar 2024 [4]
Georgia	6,483	24.2 billion	73.54	52.54	Dec 2023 [4]
Zambia	1,153	23.7 billion	79.40	87.84	Dec 2023 [4]
Cambodia	1,335	22.6 billion	50.11	35.35	Dec 2023 [4]
Iraq	1,495	22.6 billion	25.58		31 December 2023 est. [14]
Papua New Guinea	2,134	22 billion	69.49	51.26	31 December 2016 est. [15]
Paraguay	2,400	21.8 billion	47.50	32.00	September 2022 [8]
Trinidad & Tobago	14,028	21.5 billion	75.91	42.22	31 December 2016 [16]
Guatemala	1,055	19.1 billion	17.35		31 December 2016 est. [17]
Palau	1,020,000	18.4 billion	5,968		31 December 2014 est. [18]
Bahamas	42,557	17.6 billion	122.03	109.75	31 December 2013 est. [19]
Jamaica	5,932	16.8 billion	83.39	37.24	31 December 2016 est. [20]
Monaco	454,570	16.5 billion	187.84		30 June 2010 est.
Tanzania	236.00	15.9 billion	19.96	10.96	31 December 2016 est. [21]
Bolivia	1,274	15.8 billion	32.00	15.03	Dec 2023 [4]
El Salvador	2,341	14.9 billion	42.17		31 December 2016 est. [22]
North Macedonia	6,073	12.7 billion	79.80		Dec 2023 [4]
Myanmar	230.00	12.5 billion	18.44	4.43	2022 [4]
Albania	3,948	11.2 billion	43.97	14.52	Mar 2024 [4]
Nicaragua	1,575	11.1 billion	58.95	16.09	31 December 2016 est. [23]
Zimbabwe	654.00	10.9 billion	31.68	15.35	31 December 2016 est. [24]
Moldova	3,046	10.5 billion	57.01	16.10	Dec 2023 [4]
Laos	1,341	10.2 billion	53.00	29.24	2022 [8]
Kyrgyzstan	1,502	10.1 billion	67.38	40.46	Dec 2023 [4]
Mozambique	297.00	10.1 billion	43.84	62.96	2022 [4]
Nepal	310.00	9.59 billion	21.70	10.65	Sep 2023 [4]
Azerbaijan	781.00	8.14 billion	10.33	5.18	December 2021 [8]
Honduras	759.00	8.04 billion	21.53		31 December 2016 est. [25]
Cameroon	257.00	7.38 billion	13.86	16.03	31 December 2016 est. [26]
Yemen	209.00	7.19 billion	42.45		31 January 2015 [27]
Armenia	2,265	6.29 billion	24.76	13.39	May 2024 [4]
Tajikistan	620.00	6.29 billion	48.55	25.15	Dec 2023 [4]
Iran	70.00	6.28 billion	1.35	0.21	2023 [4]
Namibia	2,502	6.52 billion	51.04	21.02	31 December 2016 est. [28]
Uganda	128.00	6.24 billion	11.08	12.74	31 December 2016 est. [29]
Senegal	348.00	6.19 billion	17.45	15.09	31 December 2016 est. [30]
Syria	255.00	5.92 billion	31.83	32.88	31 December 2016 est. [31]
Democratic Republic of the Congo	52.00	5.33 billion	7.23	7.51	31 December 2016 est. [32]
Somalia	292.00	5.3 billion	41.39		31 December 2013 est. [33]
Gabon	2,117	5.16 billion	24.55	22.43	31 December 2016 est. [34]
North Korea	191.00	5 billion	32.95		2013 est. [35]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,537	4.94 billion	16.97	5.67	Mar 2024 [4]
Republic of the Congo	789.00	4.82 billion	31.08	80.28	31 December 2016 est. [36]
Barbados	15,922	4.49 billion	65.42	28.06	2010 est. [37]
Montenegro	7,015	4.39 billion	54.87	12.21	June 2023 [6]
Kosovo	2,559	4.26 billion	37.61		Dec 2023 [4]
Madagascar	132.00	4.01 billion	24.34	13.36	31 December 2016 est. [38]
Algeria	81.00	3.7 billion	1.39	1.04	2021 [6]
Mali	156.00	3.63 billion	16.74	16.48	31 December 2016 est. [39]
Mauritania	737.00	3.59 billion	33.73	59.75	31 December 2016 est. [40]
Libya	513.00	3.53 billion	7.32	8.02	31 December 2016 est. [41]
Burkina Faso	133.00	3.09 billion	14.12	19.32	31 December 2016 est. [42]
Niger	100.00	2.73 billion	14.50	20.99	31 December 2016 est. [43]
Seychelles	23,704	2.55 billion	115.84	63.80	31 December 2016 est. [44]
Rwanda	173.00	2.44 billion	17.82	8.72	31 December 2016 est. [45]
Bermuda (UK)	38,006	2.44 billion	31.11		2015 est. [46]
Benin	171.00	2.34 billion	10.95	15.60	31 December 2016 est. [47]
Bhutan	2,871	2.26 billion	72.70		31 December 2016 est. [48]
Haiti	172.00	2.02 billion	8.41	40.44	31 December 2016 est. [49]
Malawi	92.00	1.92 billion	17.09	8.73	31 December 2016 est. [50]
South Sudan	173.00	1.92 billion	294.44		2017 [51]
Chad	103.00	1.88 billion	10.03	18.75	31 December 2016 est. [52]
Cape Verde	2,773	1.66 billion	61.07		31 December 2016 est. [53]
Sierra Leone	178.00	1.56 billion	34.25	39.02	31 December 2016 est. [54]
Palestine	286.00	1.54 billion	8.25	0.27	December 2018 [8]
Botswana	535.00	1.43 billion	6.69	5.30	2023 [4]
Equatorial Guinea	795.00	1.36 billion	12.74	6.82	31 December 2016 est. [55]
Djibouti	1,178	1.34 billion	30.68	66.95	31 December 2016 est. [56]
Guinea	94.00	1.33 billion	5.23	7.40	31 December 2016 est. [45]
Belize	3,230	1.33 billion	40.26	44.23	31 December 2016 est. [55]
Afghanistan	30.00	1.28 billion	8.85	3.12	2011 [57]
Suriname	1,982	1.24 billion	28.48	61.75	31 December 2016 est. [58]
Togo	130.00	1.17 billion	11.93	19.55	31 December 2016 est. [59]
Guyana	1,404	1.14 billion	5.40	19.05	31 December 2015 [60]
Andorra	13,884	1.11 billion	28.53		2014 est. [61]
Liberia	205.00	1.11 billion	23.37	7.94	31 December 2016 est. [62]
Guinea-Bissau	509.00	1.1 billion	50.91	54.75	31 December 2010 est. [63]
Lesotho	407.00	949 million	29.62	47.44	31 December 2016 est. [64]
Faroe Islands (Denmark)	16,685	889 million	38.00		2010 [65]
Fiji	890.00	833 million	14.37	6.94	31 December 2016 est. [66]
Eritrea	219.00	820 million	34.42	16.40	31 December 2016 est. [67]
Maldives	1,416	742 million	10.30	7.42	2014 est. [68]
Burundi	53.00	705 million	22.93	17.63	31 December 2016 est. [69]
Aruba	6,523	693 million	17.04		31 December 2014 est. [70]
Central African Republic	120.00	687 million	2.44	34.34	31 December 2016 est. [71]
Grenada	5,381	679 million	48.29		2013 est. [72]
Gambia	195.00	542 million	20.11	18.06	31 December 2016 est. [73]
Saint Lucia	2,847	513 million	19.88		31 December 2016 est. [74]
Turkmenistan	77.00	503 million	0.61	0.64	31 December 2016 est. [75]
Solomon Islands	664.00	492 million	28.79		31 December 2013 est. [76]
Eswatini	389.00	471 million	9.25		31 December 2016 est. [77]
Samoa	1,982	447 million	43.67		31 December 2013 est. [78]
Antigua and Barbuda	4,679	441 million	20.74		31 December 2012 [79]
San Marino	10,463	352 million	17.31		2016 [80]
Brunei	751.00	340 million	2.19	2.83	2017 [81]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	3,096	321 million	28.47		31 December 2016 est. [82]
Timor-Leste	229.00	312 million	15.64	7.79	31 December 2014 est. [83]
Dominica	3,951	289 million	40.76		31 December 2016 est. [84]
Cook Islands	16,498	281 million	23.00		31 December 2011 [85]
Sao Tome and Principe	1,020	237 million	31.49		31 December 2016 est. [86]
Tonga	2,163	233 million	40.12		31 December 2016 est. [87]
Vanuatu	622.00	208 million	16.14		31 December 2016 est. [88]
Saint Kitts and Nevis	3,926	188 million	16.53		31 December 2016 est. [89]
Comoros	156.00	133 million	9.37	6.66	31 December 2016 est. [90]
New Caledonia (France)	382.00	112 million	1.16		31 December 2013 est. [91]
Marshall Islands	2,333	98 million	32.12		2013 est. [92]
Micronesia	812.00	93.6 million	19.34		2013 est. [93]
Cayman Islands (UK)	1,140	79 million	1.20		1998 est.
Greenland (Denmark)	643.00	36.4 million	1.24		2010 [94]
Nauru	2,606	33.3 million	20.68		2004 est. [95]
British Virgin Islands (UK)	560.00	17.7 million	2.00		31 December 2016 [96]
Tuvalu	1,299	14.8 million	22.42		2017 est. [97]
Kiribati	102.00	13.6 million	4.37		2013 est. [98]
Anguilla (UK)	553.00	8.8 million	5.00		1998 [99]
Wallis and Futuna (France)	319.00	3.67 million	6.00		2004 [100]
Montserrat (UK)	237.00	1.04 million	2.00		31 December 2011 [101]
Liechtenstein	0.00	0	0.00		2001 [102]
Niue (New Zealand)	0.00	0	0.00		27 October 2016 [103]

See also

• Balance of trade
• Domestic liability dollarization
• List of countries by corporate debt
• List of countries by household debt
• List of countries by public debt
• List of sovereign states by financial assets
• National debt of the United States
• World debt

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External links

• CIA Factbook - External Debt Definition
• CIA Factbook - External Debt by Countries
• Joint External Debt Hub