List of countries by leading trade partners

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For most economies worldwide, the leading export and import trading partners in terms of value are typically the European Union (EU) or China, with the United States also being a significant player. Emerging markets such as Russia, Brazil, India, South Africa, and Turkey are becoming increasingly important as major markets or source countries in various regions.

For individual EU member states, intra-EU trade is collectively greater than trade with any other partner. Both the EU and the United States have China as their largest source of imports. Conversely, the EU is China's largest source of imports. While the EU and the United States dominate as the largest trading partners in many parts of the world, other countries such as Brazil, Russia, and South Africa are gaining prominence within their respective regions.[ citation needed ]

Some countries, especially isolated ones, heavily rely on a larger neighbouring country for trade. For instance, Venezuela is a key export market for Cuba, while Uzbekistan, being doubly-landlocked, primarily exports to its singly-landlocked neighbours, Tajikistan and Afghanistan.

The largest import and export merchandise trade partners for most countries of the world are listed below. Details for the European Union, Hong Kong and Macau are also included. In most cases the data relates to 2021 rankings. Data was extracted from the World Trade Organization's Trade Profile Database. [1] [2]

Colour indicate leading merchandise export destination for indicated country (EU aggregated), c. 2007-10 Key export markets.png
Colour indicate leading merchandise export destination for indicated country (EU aggregated), c. 2007-10
Colour indicate leading source of merchandise imports for indicated country (EU aggregated), c. 2007-10 Key import sources.png
Colour indicate leading source of merchandise imports for indicated country (EU aggregated), c. 2007-10
CountryLeading export marketLeading import source
Flag of the Taliban.svg  Afghanistan Flag of India.svg  India Flag of Iran.svg  Iran
Flag of Albania.svg  Albania Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Algeria.svg  Algeria Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Andorra.svg  Andorra Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Angola.svg  Angola Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  Antigua and Barbuda Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Argentina.svg  Argentina Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Armenia.svg  Armenia Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
Flag of Aruba.svg  Aruba Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Austria.svg  Austria Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Azerbaijan.svg  Azerbaijan Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Bahrain.svg  Bahrain Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia
Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Belarus.svg  Belarus Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Belize.svg  Belize Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Benin.svg  Benin Flag of Bangladesh.svg  Bangladesh Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Bermuda.svg  Bermuda Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Bhutan.svg  Bhutan Flag of India.svg  India Flag of India.svg  India
Flag of Bolivia.svg  Bolivia Flag of India.svg  India Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg  Bosnia and Herzegovina Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Botswana.svg  Botswana Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Brunei.svg  Brunei Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Flag of Malaysia 23px.svg  Malaysia
Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  Burkina Faso Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Burundi.svg  Burundi Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Cape Verde.svg  Cape Verde Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Cambodia.svg  Cambodia Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Cameroon.svg  Cameroon Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of the Cayman Islands.svg  Cayman Islands Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of the Central African Republic.svg  Central African Republic Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Chad.svg  Chad Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Chile.svg  Chile Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of the Comoros.svg  Comoros Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the Republic of the Congo.svg  Congo Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  Congo, Democratic Republic of the Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of the Cook Islands.svg  Cook Islands Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand
Flag of Costa Rica.svg  Costa Rica Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Croatia.svg  Croatia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Cuba.svg  Cuba Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Cyprus.svg  Cyprus Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Djibouti.svg  Djibouti Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Dominica.svg  Dominica Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg  Dominican Republic Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Ecuador.svg  Ecuador Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of El Salvador.svg  El Salvador Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Equatorial Guinea.svg  Equatorial Guinea Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Eritrea.svg  Eritrea Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Estonia.svg  Estonia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Eswatini.svg  Swaziland Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Flag of Ethiopia.svg  Ethiopia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore
Flag of Finland.svg  Finland Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of France.svg  France Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Gabon.svg  Gabon Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of The Gambia.svg  Gambia Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal Flag of Norway.svg  Norway
Flag of Georgia.svg  Georgia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Ghana.svg  Ghana Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Greece.svg  Greece Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Grenada.svg  Grenada Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Guatemala.svg  Guatemala Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Guinea.svg  Guinea Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg  Guinea-Bissau Flag of India.svg  India Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Guyana.svg  Guyana Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore
Flag of Haiti.svg  Haiti Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Honduras.svg  Honduras Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Hong Kong.svg  Hong Kong Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Iceland.svg  Iceland Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of India.svg  India Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Iran.svg  Iran Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Iraq.svg  Iraq Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Israel.svg  Israel Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Cote d'Ivoire.svg  Ivory Coast Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Jamaica.svg  Jamaica Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Jordan.svg  Jordan Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Kenya.svg  Kenya Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Kiribati.svg  Kiribati Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji
Flag of Kosovo.svg  Kosovo Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Kuwait.svg  Kuwait Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Kyrgyzstan (2023).svg  Kyrgyzstan Flag of Kazakhstan.svg  Kazakhstan Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
Flag of Laos.svg  Laos Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand
Flag of Latvia.svg  Latvia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Lebanon.svg  Lebanon Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Lesotho.svg  Lesotho Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Flag of Liberia.svg  Liberia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore
Flag of Libya.svg  Libya Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Liechtenstein.svg  Liechtenstein
Flag of Lithuania.svg  Lithuania Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Luxembourg.svg  Luxembourg Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Macau.svg  Macau Flag of Hong Kong.svg  Hong Kong Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Madagascar.svg  Madagascar Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Malawi.svg  Malawi Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Flag of Malaysia.svg  Malaysia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Maldives.svg  Maldives Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Flag of Oman.svg  Oman
Flag of Mali.svg  Mali Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal
Flag of Malta.svg  Malta Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg  Marshall Islands
Flag of Mauritania.svg  Mauritania Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Mauritius.svg  Mauritius Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg  Federated States of Micronesia Flag of Guam.svg  Guam Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Moldova.svg  Moldova Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Monaco.svg  Monaco
Flag of Mongolia.svg  Mongolia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Montenegro.svg  Montenegro Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Morocco.svg  Morocco Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Mozambique.svg  Mozambique Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Flag of Myanmar.svg  Myanmar Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Namibia.svg  Namibia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Flag of Nauru.svg  Nauru
Flag of Nepal.svg    Nepal Flag of India.svg  India Flag of India.svg  India
Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Nicaragua.svg  Nicaragua Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Niger.svg  Niger Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Nigeria.svg  Nigeria Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Niue.svg  Niue
Flag of North Korea.svg  North Korea Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of North Macedonia.svg  North Macedonia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Oman.svg  Oman Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates
Flag of Pakistan.svg  Pakistan Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Palau.svg  Palau Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Palestine.svg  State of Palestine Flag of Israel.svg  Israel Flag of Israel.svg  Israel
Flag of Panama.svg  Panama Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg  Papua New Guinea Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
Flag of Paraguay.svg  Paraguay Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Peru.svg  Peru Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of the Philippines.svg  Philippines Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Portugal.svg  Portugal Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Qatar.svg  Qatar Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Rwanda.svg  Rwanda Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg  DR Congo Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  Saint Kitts and Nevis Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Saint Lucia.svg  Saint Lucia Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Flag of Barbados.svg  Barbados Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Samoa.svg  Samoa Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand
Flag of San Marino.svg  San Marino
Flag of Sao Tome and Principe.svg  Sao Tome and Principe Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Senegal.svg  Senegal Flag of Mali.svg  Mali Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Serbia.svg  Serbia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Seychelles.svg  Seychelles Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Sierra Leone.svg  Sierra Leone Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Singapore.svg  Singapore Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Slovakia.svg  Slovakia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Slovenia.svg  Slovenia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg  Solomon Islands Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
Flag of Somalia.svg  Somalia Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg  Saudi Arabia Flag of India.svg  India
Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of South Sudan.svg  South Sudan Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates
Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Sri Lanka.svg  Sri Lanka Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Sudan.svg  Sudan Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Suriname.svg  Suriname Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg   Switzerland Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Syria.svg  Syria Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Tajikistan.svg  Tajikistan Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
Flag of Tanzania.svg  Tanzania Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Thailand.svg  Thailand Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of East Timor.svg  Timor Leste Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia Flag of Indonesia.svg  Indonesia
Flag of Togo.svg  Togo Flag of Burkina Faso.svg  Burkina Faso Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Tonga.svg  Tonga Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand Flag of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand
Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg  Trinidad and Tobago Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Tunisia.svg  Tunisia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of Turkmenistan.svg  Turkmenistan Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey
Flag of Tuvalu.svg  Tuvalu Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji Flag of Fiji.svg  Fiji
Flag of Uganda.svg  Uganda Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Ukraine.svg  Ukraine Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates Flag of India.svg  India Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Europe.svg  European Union
Flag of the United States.svg  United States Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of Uruguay.svg  Uruguay Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Brazil.svg  Brazil
Flag of Uzbekistan.svg  Uzbekistan Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Russia.svg  Russia
Flag of Vanuatu.svg  Vanuatu Flag of Malaysia 23px.svg  Malaysia Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia
Flag of Vatican City (2023-present).svg  Vatican
Flag of Venezuela.svg  Venezuela Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States
Flag of Vietnam.svg  Vietnam Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Flag of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.svg  Western Sahara
Flag of Yemen.svg  Yemen Flag of Egypt.svg  Egypt Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg  United Arab Emirates
Flag of Zambia.svg  Zambia Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa
Flag of Zimbabwe.svg  Zimbabwe Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa Flag of South Africa.svg  South Africa

List of 30 largest bilateral trade volume in 2013

The following table shows figures for 30 largest bilateral trade volume in 2013 according to the World Trade Organization. [3]

The 30 largest bilateral trade volume in 2013 (millions of US$)
RankNet exporterNet importerReported volume
of net exporter
Reported volume
of net importer
1Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 1,468,990
2Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 798,744
3Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of France.svg  France 745,931
4Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 603,194660,541
5Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 594,546637,270
6Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 628,796
7Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Hong Kong.svg  Hong Kong 400,571592,147
8Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 526,854582,291
9Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 580,318
10Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 560,536533,494
11Flag of Italy.svg  Italy Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 539,556
12Flag of Mexico.svg  Mexico Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 492,715509,513
13Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 385,778405,889
14Flag of Spain.svg  Spain Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 365,191
15Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 312,062310,230
16Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 328,609271,657
17Flag of South Korea.svg  South Korea Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 229,073273,869
18Flag of Poland.svg  Poland Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 267,854
19Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Austria.svg  Austria 244,913
20Flag of the Czech Republic.svg  Czech Republic Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 225,091
21Flag of Japan.svg  Japan Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 206,091206,836
22Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden 204,849
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China Flag of Germany.svg  Germany 187,293
23Flag of Norway.svg  Norway Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 184,296174,708
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 184,247
24Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Turkey.svg  Turkey 159,598156,813
25Flag of Hungary.svg  Hungary Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 154,862
26Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Japan.svg  Japan 137,786149,827
27Flag of Australia (converted).svg  Australia Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 134,154123,296
28Flag of Europe.svg  European Union Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 129,951
29Flag of the Republic of China.svg  Taiwan Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China 124,502
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom Flag of the United States (23px).png  United States 116,675
Flag of Germany.svg  Germany Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland 115,041
30Flag of Ireland.svg  Ireland Flag of Europe.svg  European Union 105,853

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Non-tariff barriers to trade are trade barriers that restrict imports or exports of goods or services through mechanisms other than the simple imposition of tariffs. Such barriers are subject to controversy and debate, as they may comply with international rules on trade yet serve protectionist purposes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Economy of the European Union</span>

The economy of the European Union is the joint economy of the member states of the European Union (EU). It is the second largest economy in the world in nominal terms, after the United States, and the third largest at purchasing power parity (PPP), after China and the US. The European Union's GDP is estimated to be $19.35 trillion (nominal) in 2024 or $26.64 trillion (PPP), representing around one-sixth of the global economy. Germany has the biggest national GDP of all EU countries, followed by France and Italy. In 2022, the social welfare expenditure of the European Union (EU) as a whole was 19.5% of its GDP.

The Doha Development Round or Doha Development Agenda (DDA) is the trade-negotiation round of the World Trade Organization (WTO) which commenced in November 2001 under then director-general Mike Moore. Its objective was to lower trade barriers around the world, and thus increase global trade.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Export credit agency</span> Intermediary between governments and exporters

An export credit agency or investment insurance agency is a private or quasi-governmental institution that acts as an intermediary between national governments and exporters to issue export insurance solutions and guarantees for financing. The financing can take the form of credits or credit insurance and guarantees or both, depending on the mandate the ECA has been given by its government. ECAs can also offer credit or cover on their own account. This does not differ from normal banking activities. Some agencies are government-sponsored, others private, and others a combination of the two.

Foreign trade of Argentina includes economic activities both within and outside Argentina especially with regards to merchandise exports and imports, as well as trade in services.

The landlocked developing countries (LLDC) are developing countries that are landlocked. Due to the economic and other disadvantages suffered by such countries, the majority of landlocked countries are least developed countries (LDCs), with inhabitants of these countries occupying the bottom billion tier of the world's population in terms of poverty. Outside of Europe, there is not a single highly developed landlocked country as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI), and nine of the twelve countries with the lowest HDI scores are landlocked. Landlocked European countries are exceptions in terms of development outcomes due to their close integration with the regional European market. Landlocked countries that rely on transoceanic trade usually suffer a cost of trade that is double that of their maritime neighbours. Landlocked countries experience economic growth 6% less than non-landlocked countries, holding other variables constant.

The Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) is an international treaty of the World Trade Organization. It was negotiated during the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, and entered into force with the establishment of the WTO on 1 January 1995.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Economic Partnership Agreements</span> Economic agreements between the EU and other countries

Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) are a scheme to create a free trade area (FTA) between the European Union and other countries. They are a response to continuing criticism that the non-reciprocal and discriminating preferential trade agreements offered by the EU are incompatible with WTO rules. The EPAs date back to the signing of the Cotonou Agreement. The EPAs with the different regions are at different states of play. The EU has signed EPAs with the following countries: the Southern African Development Community (SADC), ECOWAS, six countries in Eastern and Southern Africa, Cameroon, four Pacific states, and the CARIFORUM states. Their defining characteristic is that they open up exports to the EU immediately, while exports to the partner regions is opened up only partially and over transitioning periods.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Economy of Algeria</span>

The economy of Algeria deals with Algeria's current and structural economic situation. Since independence in 1962, Algeria has launched major economic projects to build up a dense industrial base. However, despite these major achievements, the Algerian economy has gone through various stages of turbulence.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eurasian Economic Union</span> Economic union of countries in Eurasia

The Eurasian Economic Union is an economic union of five post-Soviet states located in Eurasia. The EAEU has an integrated single market. As of 2023, it consists of 183 million people and a gross domestic product of over $2.4 trillion.

Since the end of apartheid, foreign trade in South Africa has increased, following the lifting of several sanctions and boycotts which were imposed as a means of ending apartheid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Argentina foreign trade relations with the European Union</span> Bilateral relations

Argentina has strong cultural and historical links to the European Union (EU) and the EU is Argentina's biggest investor.

Trade data, or import and export statistics, consist of statistical data about international trade, typically organized by time period, country, and commodity.

References

  1. WTO.org Country Profile
  2. "Trade Profile 2022" (PDF). WTO. Retrieved 2022-11-11.
  3. http://stat.wto.org/CountryProfile/WSDBcountryPFExportZip.aspx?Language=E Archived 2019-11-18 at the Wayback Machine WTO statistics database