List of phalangeriformes

Last updated

Six species of phalangeriformes, clockwise from the top left: greater glider (Petauroides volans), sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps), common spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus), feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), eastern pygmy possum (Cercartetus nanus), and common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) Phalangeriformes.jpg
Six species of phalangeriformes, clockwise from the top left: greater glider (Petauroides volans), sugar glider (Petaurus breviceps), common spotted cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus), feathertail glider (Acrobates pygmaeus), eastern pygmy possum (Cercartetus nanus), and common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)

Phalangeriformes is a suborder of Australian marsupial mammals. Members of this suborder are called phalangeriformes, and include possums, gliders, and cuscus. Phalangeriformes is one of three suborders that form the order Diprotodontia, the largest extant order of marsupials. They are found in Australia, New Guinea, and Indonesia, generally in forests, though some species can also be found in shrublands and grasslands. They range in size from the Tasmanian pygmy possum, at 5 cm (2 in) plus a 6 cm (2 in) tail, to the cuscus of the genus Spilocuscus , at 64 cm (25 in) plus a 59 cm (23 in) tail. Phalangeriformes primarily eat leaves, fruit, and insects, though many are omnivorous and will eat small vertebrates or other plant material.

Contents

Many phalangeriformes do not have population estimates, but the ones that do range from 50 mature individuals to 75,000. No species have gone extinct in modern times, but four are categorized as endangered: Tate's triok, mahogany glider, Gebe cuscus, and Woodlark cuscus. A further eight species are categorized as critically endangered: Leadbeater's possum, northern glider, western ringtail possum, mountain pygmy possum, Talaud bear cuscus, Telefomin cuscus, black-spotted cuscus, and blue-eyed spotted cuscus.

The sixty-four extant species of Phalangeriformes are divided into six families grouped into two superfamilies: Petauroidea, containing two species in two genera in the family Acrobatidae, eleven in three genera in the family Petauridae, eighteen in six genera in the family Pseudocheiridae, and a single species in the family Tarsipedidae; and Phalangeroidea, containing five species in two genera in the family Burramyidae and twenty-seven in five genera in the family Phalangeridae. Several extinct Phalangeriformes species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed. [1]

Conventions

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX  Extinct (0 species)
 EW  Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR  Critically Endangered (8 species)
 EN  Endangered (4 species)
 VU  Vulnerable (6 species)
 NT  Near threatened (9 species)
 LC  Least concern (36 species)
Other categories
 DD  Data deficient (0 species)
 NE  Not evaluated (1 species)

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the phalangeriformes's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

The suborder Phalangeriformes consists of six extant families grouped into two superfamilies: Acrobatidae, Petauridae, Pseudocheiridae, and Tarsipedidae in the superfamily Petauroidea, and Burramyidae and Phalangeridae in the superfamily Phalangeroidea. Acrobatidae contains two species in two genera, Petauridae contains eleven species in three genera, Pseudocheiridae contains eighteen species in six genera, Tarsipedidae contains a single species, Burramyidae contains five species in two genera, and Phalangeridae contains twenty-seven species in five genera.

Superfamily Petauroidea

Superfamily Phalangeroidea

Phalangeriformes [2] [3]   

Phalangeriformes

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists. [4]

Superfamily Petauroidea

Acrobatidae

Genus Acrobates Desmarest, 1818 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Feathertail glider

Acrobates neuneu.jpg

A. pygmaeus
(Shaw, 1793)
Eastern Australia
Feathertail Glider.JPG
Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 7–8 cm (3 in) tail [5]

Habitat: Forest [6]

Diet: Honeydew and arthropods [5]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [6]

Genus Distoechurus Peters, 1874 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Feather-tailed possum

Enumerazione dei mammiferi (9680496678) 2.jpg

D. pennatus
(Peters, 1874)
New Guinea
Feather-tailed Possum area.png
Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 6–12 cm (2–5 in) tail [7]

Habitat: Forest [8]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, insects, and soft fruit [7]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [8]

Petauridae

Genus Dactylopsila Gray, 1858 – four species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Great-tailed triok

Dactylopsila megalura.jpg

D. megalura
Rothschild & Dollman, 1932
Central New Guinea
Great-tailed Triok.png
Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail [9]

Habitat: Forest [10]

Diet: Insects, fruit, and leaves [9]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [10]

Long-fingered triok


D. palpator
H. Milne-Edwards, 1888
Central New Guinea
Long-fingered Triok area.png
Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail [9]

Habitat: Forest [11]

Diet: Insects, fruit, and leaves [9]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [11]

Striped possum

Striped Possum on bananas edited.jpg

D. trivirgata
Gray, 1858

Four subspecies
  • D. t. kataui
  • D. t. melampus
  • D. t. picata
  • D. t. trivirgata
New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Striped Possum.png
Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail [9]

Habitat: Forest [12]

Diet: Ants, termites, and larvae [13]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [12]

Tate's triok

Dactylopsila tatei,Skin Dorsal.jpg

D. tatei
Laurie, 1952
Eastern New Guinea
Tate's Triok area.png
Size: 17–32 cm (7–13 in) long, plus 16–40 cm (6–16 in) tail [9]

Habitat: Forest [14]

Diet: Insects, fruit, and leaves [14]
 EN 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [14]

Genus Gymnobelideus McCoy, 1867 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Leadbeater's possum

Leadbeater's Possum 02 Pengo.jpg

G. leadbeateri
McCoy, 1867
Southern Australia
Leadbeater's Possum area.png
Size: 15–17 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 14–18 cm (6–7 in) tail [15]

Habitat: Forest [16]

Diet: Insects, spiders, and sap [17]
 CR 


1,100–11,000 Decrease2.svg [16]

Genus Petaurus Shaw, 1791 – six species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Biak glider


P. biacensis
Ulmer, 1940
Northwestern New Guinea
Biak Glider area.png
Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail [18]

Habitat: Forest [19]

Diet: Sap, flowers, nectar, pollen, insects, arachnids, and small vertebrates [18]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [19]

Mahogany glider

Mahogany glider.jpg

P. gracilis
(Vis, 1883)
Northeastern Australia
Mahogany Glider area.png
Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail [18]

Habitat: Forest [20]

Diet: Nectar and pollen, as well as insects [21]
 EN 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [20]

Northern glider


P. abidi
Ziegler, 1981
Northern New Guinea
Northern Glider area.png
Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail [18]

Habitat: Forest [22]

Diet: Sap, flowers, nectar, pollen, insects, arachnids, and small vertebrates [18]
 CR 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [22]

Squirrel glider

Squirrel-Glider-at-Lone-Pine.jpg

P. norfolcensis
(Kerr, 1792)
Eastern Australia
Squirrel Glider area.png
Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail [18]

Habitat: Forest [23]

Diet: Insects, gum, sap, nectar, pollen, and seeds [24]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [23]

Sugar glider

Petaurus breviceps 119464446.jpg

P. breviceps
Waterhouse, 1839

Four subspecies
  • P. b. ariel (Savanna glider)
  • P. b. breviceps
  • P. b. longicaudatus
  • P. b. papuanus
New Guinea and northern, eastern, and southern Australia (introduced in pink)
Sugar Glider.JPG
Size: 12–32 cm (5–13 in) long, plus 15–48 cm (6–19 in) tail [25]

Habitat: Forest and savanna [26]

Diet: Sap, pollen, nectar, insects, arachnids, and small vertebrates [25]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [26]

Yellow-bellied glider

Petaurus australis.jpg

P. australis
Shaw, 1791

Two subspecies
  • P. a. australis
  • P. a. reginae
Eastern Australia
Yellow-bellied Glider.JPG
Size: 27–30 cm (11–12 in) long, plus 42–48 cm (17–19 in) tail [27]

Habitat: Forest [28]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, and sap, as well as insects, arachnids, grubs, and small vertebrates [27]
 NT 


50,000–500,000 Decrease2.svg [28]

Pseudocheiridae

Subfamily Hemibelideinae
Genus Hemibelideus Collett, 1884 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Lemuroid ringtail possum

PhalangistaLemuroidesSmit.jpg

H. lemuroides
(Collett, 1884)
Northeastern Australia
Lemur-like Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 30–38 cm (12–15 in) long, plus 30–35 cm (12–14 in) tail [29]

Habitat: Forest [30]

Diet: Leaves [29]
 NT 


Unknown Steady2.svg [30]

Genus Petauroides Thomas, 1888 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Southern greater glider

Petauroides volans.jpg

P. volans
(Kerr, 1792)

Two subspecies
  • P. v. minor
  • P. v. volans
Southeastern AustraliaSize: 30–48 cm (12–19 in) long, plus 45–55 cm (18–22 in) tail [31]

Habitat: Forest [32]

Diet: Eucalyptus leaves [31]
 VU 


50,000–500,000 Decrease2.svg [32]

Subfamily Pseudocheirinae
Genus Petropseudes Thomas, 1923 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Rock-haunting ringtail possum

Pseudocheirus dahli (male) - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC03035.JPG

P. dahli
(Collett, 1895)
Northern Australia
Rock-haunting Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 33–38 cm (13–15 in) long, plus 20–27 cm (8–11 in) tail [33]

Habitat: Rocky areas [34]

Diet: Leaves, fruit, and flowers, as well as termites [35]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [34]

Genus Pseudocheirus Ogilby, 1837 – two species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Common ringtail possum

Possum Ring-tailed444.jpg

P. peregrinus
(Boddaert, 1785)

Three subspecies
  • P. p. convolutor (Eastern ringtail possum)
  • P. p. peregrinus (Common ringtail possum)
  • P. p. pulcher (Rufous ringtail possum)
Eastern and southern Australia
Common Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 30–35 cm (12–14 in) long, plus 30–35 cm (12–14 in) tail [36]

Habitat: Forest and savanna [37]

Diet: Eucalyptus leaves, as well as flowers, buds, nectar, and fruit [36]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [37]

Western ringtail possum

Western ringtail possum at Locke Nature Reserve.jpg

P. occidentalis
(Thomas, 1888)
Southwestern Australia
Western Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 28–40 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 28–36 cm (11–14 in) tail [38]

Habitat: Forest and savanna [39]

Diet: Leaves, as well as fruit, flowers, bark, and sap [38]
 CR 


3,400 Decrease2.svg [39]

Genus Pseudochirulus Matschie, 1915 – eight species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Daintree River ringtail possum

Pseudochirulus cinereus 149827298.jpg

P. cinereus
Tate, 1945
Northeastern Australia
Cinereus Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail [40]

Habitat: Forest [41]

Diet: Leaves and fruit [40]
 NT 


20,000–100,000 Decrease2.svg [41]

Herbert River ringtail possum

PhalangistaHerbertensisSmit.jpg

P. herbertensis
(Collett, 1884)
Northeastern Australia
Herbert River Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 30–40 cm (12–16 in) long, plus 29–47 cm (11–19 in) tail [42]

Habitat: Forest [43]

Diet: Leaves [42]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [43]

Lowland ringtail possum


P. canescens
(Waterhouse, 1846)

Five subspecies
  • P. c. avarus
  • P. c. bernsteini
  • P. c. canescens
  • P. c. dammermani
  • P. c. gyrator
New Guinea
Lowland Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail [40]

Habitat: Forest [44]

Diet: Leaves and fruit [40]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [44]

Masked ringtail possum


P. larvatus
(Rothschild, 1911)
Eastern New Guinea
Masked Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail [40]

Habitat: Forest [45]

Diet: Leaves and fruit [40]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [45]

Painted ringtail possum

Pseudochirulus forbesi.jpg

P. forbesi
(Thomas, 1887)
Eastern New Guinea
Painted Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail [40]

Habitat: Forest [46]

Diet: Leaves and fruit [40]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [46]

Pygmy ringtail possum


P. mayeri
(Rothschild & Dollman, 1932)
Central New Guinea
Pygmy Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail [40]

Habitat: Forest [47]

Diet: Leaves, ferns, pollen, fungus, moss, and lichens [48]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [47]

Vogelkop ringtail possum


P. schlegeli
(Jentink, 1884)
Western New Guinea
Vogelkop Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail [40]

Habitat: Forest [49]

Diet: Leaves and fruit [40]
 VU 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [49]

Weyland ringtail possum


P. caroli
Thomas, 1921

Two subspecies
  • P. c. caroli
  • P. c. versteegi
Western New Guinea
Weyland Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 16–40 cm (6–16 in) long, plus 15–47 cm (6–19 in) tail [40]

Habitat: Forest [50]

Diet: Leaves and fruit [40]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [50]

Subfamily Pseudochiropsinae
Genus Pseudochirops Matschie, 1915 – five species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Coppery ringtail possum


P. cupreus
(Thomas, 1897)
Central New Guinea
Coppery Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail [33]

Habitat: Forest and grassland [51]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit [33]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [51]

D'Albertis's ringtail possum

Enumerazione dei mammiferi (9680493132).jpg

P. albertisii
(Peters, 1874)

Three subspecies
  • P. a. albertisii
  • P. a. insularis
  • P. a. schultzei
Western and northern New Guinea
D'Albertis' Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail [33]

Habitat: Forest [52]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit [33]
 NT 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [52]

Green ringtail possum

Possum vert.jpg

P. archeri
(Collett, 1884)
Northeastern Australia
Green Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail [33]

Habitat: Forest [53]

Diet: Leaves, as well as figs [54]
 NT 


100,000 Decrease2.svg [53]

Plush-coated ringtail possum

Pseudochirops corinnae 1897.jpg

P. corinnae
(Thomas, 1897)

Three subspecies
  • P. c. argenteus
  • P. c. corinnae
  • P. c. fuscus
Central New Guinea
Plush-coated Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail [33]

Habitat: Forest [55]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit [33]
 NT 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [55]

Reclusive ringtail possum


P. coronatus
(Thomas, 1897)
Western New Guinea
Reclusive Ringtail Possum area.png
Size: 28–41 cm (11–16 in) long, plus 25–38 cm (10–15 in) tail [33]

Habitat: Forest [56]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit [33]
 VU 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [56]

Tarsipedidae

Genus Tarsipes Gervais & Verreaux, 1842 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Honey possum

Tarsipes rostratus Gould 2.jpg

T. rostratus
Gervais & Verreaux, 1842
Southwestern Australia
Honey Possum area.png
Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 7–11 cm (3–4 in) tail [57]

Habitat: Shrubland [58]

Diet: Pollen and nectar [57]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [58]

Superfamily Phalangeroidea

Burramyidae

Genus Burramys Broom, 1895 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Mountain pygmy possum

Mountain-pygmy-possum.jpg

B. parvus
Broom, 1896
Southeastern Australia
Mountain Pygmy Possum area.png
Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 13–16 cm (5–6 in) tail [59]

Habitat: Shrubland [60]

Diet: Insects, spiders, seeds, and berries [61]
 CR 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [60]

Genus Cercartetus Gloger, 1841 – four species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Eastern pygmy possum

Cercartetus nanus.jpg

C. nanus
(Desmarest, 1818)

Two subspecies
  • C. n. nanus
  • C. n. unicolor
Southeastern Australia
Eastern Pygmy Possum area.png
Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 7–11 cm (3–4 in) tail [62]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland [63]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, and insects [62]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [63]

Long-tailed pygmy possum

Cercartetus caudatus.jpg

C. caudatus
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1877)

Two subspecies
  • C. c. caudatus
  • C. c. macrura
New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Long-tailed Pygmy Possum area.png
Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 12–16 cm (5–6 in) tail [64]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland [65]

Diet: Nectar, insects, and pollen [66]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [65]

Tasmanian pygmy possum

Specimen C 27907 Cercartetus lepidus.jpg

C. lepidus
Thomas, 1888
Southern Australia
Tasmanian Pygmy Possum area.png
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [67]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland [68]

Diet: Nectar, pollen, invertebrates, and small lizards [67]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [68]

Western pygmy possum

Cercartetus concinnus Museums Victoria.jpg

C. concinnus
(Gould, 1845)

Two subspecies
  • C. c. concinnus
  • C. c. minor
Southern and southwestern Australia
Southwestern Pygmy Possum area.png
Size: 6–11 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 5–11 cm (2–4 in) tail [64]

Habitat: Forest and shrubland [69]

Diet: Nectar, insects, and small lizards [70]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [69]

Phalangeridae

Subfamily Ailuropinae
Genus Ailurops Wagler, 1830 – two species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Sulawesi bear cuscus

Ailurops ursinus Naemundung 2 North Sulawesi.jpg

A. ursinus
(Temminck, 1824)

Four subspecies
  • A. u. flavissimus
  • A. u. furvus
  • A. u. togianus
  • A. u. ursinus
Sulawesi island in Indonesia
Sulawesi Bear Cuscus area.png
Size: 56–54 cm (22–21 in) long, plus 61–58 cm (24–23 in) tail [71]

Habitat: Forest [72]

Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit [73]
 VU 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [72]

Talaud bear cuscus

Ailurops melanotis.jpg

A. melanotis
(Thomas, 1898)
Salibabu Island in Indonesia
Talaud Bear Cuscus area.png
Size: 56–54 cm (22–21 in) long, plus 61–58 cm (24–23 in) tail [71]

Habitat: Forest [74]

Diet: Leaves as well as fruit [71]
 CR 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [74]

Subfamily Phalangerinae
Genus Phalanger Storr, 1780 – thirteen species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Blue-eyed cuscus


P. matabiru
Flannery & Boeadi, 1995
Ternate and Tidore islands in eastern Indonesia
Blue-eyed Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [76]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 VU 


Unknown Steady2.svg [76]

Eastern common cuscus


P. intercastellanus
Thomas, 1895
Eastern New Guinea
Eastern Common Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [77]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [77]

Gebe cuscus


P. alexandrae
Flannery & Boeadi, 1995
Gebe island in eastern Indonesia
Gebe Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [78]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 EN 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [78]

Ground cuscus

Ground Cuscus cotswoldwildlifepark.jpg

P. gymnotis
(Peters & Doria, 1875)

Two subspecies
  • P. g. gymnotis
  • P. g. leucippus
New Guinea
Ground Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [79]

Diet: Fruit, eggs, seeds, and leaves [80]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [79]

Mountain cuscus


P. carmelitae
Thomas, 1898

Two subspecies
  • P. c. carmelitae
  • P. c. coccygis
Central and eastern New Guinea
Mountain Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [81]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [81]

Northern common cuscus

Phalanger orientalis - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC03004.JPG

P. orientalis
(Pallas, 1766)

Two subspecies
  • P. o. breviceps
  • P. o. orientalis
New Guinea and nearby islands (introduced in red)
Northern Common Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [82]

Diet: Leaves, tree seeds, fruit, buds and flowers [83]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [82]

Ornate cuscus

CuscusOrnatusJennens.jpg

P. ornatus
(Gray, 1860)
North Maluku islands in eastern Indonesia
Ornate Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [84]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [84]

Rothschild's cuscus


P. rothschildi
Thomas, 1898
Obi Islands in eastern Indonesia
Rothschild's Cuscus.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [85]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [85]

Silky cuscus


P. sericeus
Thomas, 1907

Two subspecies
  • P. s. occidentalis
  • P. s. sericeus
Central and eastern New Guinea
Silky Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [86]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [86]

Southern common cuscus

Southern Brown Cuscus, photo by CNZdenek & AJBurnett.jpg

P. mimicus
Pallas, 1766

Two subspecies
  • P. m. mimicus
  • P. m. peninsulae
Southern New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Southern Common Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest and savanna [87]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [87]

Stein's cuscus

Stein's Cuscus imported from iNaturalist photo 13554259 on 1 January 2023.jpg

P. vestitus
(H. Milne-Edwards, 1877)
Scattered New Guinea
Stein's Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [88]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [88]

Telefomin cuscus


P. matanim
Flannery, 1987
Central New Guinea
Telefomin Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [89]

Diet: Fruit and leaves, as well as insects, small vertebrates, and eggs [75]
 CR 


40 Blue question mark (italic).svg [89]

Woodlark cuscus


P. lullulae
Thomas, 1896
Madau and Woodlark Island east of New Guinea
Woodlark Cuscus area.png
Size: 32–60 cm (13–24 in) long, plus 24–61 cm (9–24 in) tail [75]

Habitat: Forest [90]

Diet: Vines [91]
 EN 


Unknown Steady2.svg [90]

Genus Spilocuscus Gray, 1861 – five species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Admiralty Island cuscus


S. kraemeri
(Schwarz, 1910)
Admiralty Islands north of New Guinea
Admiralty Island Cuscus area.png
Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail [92]

Habitat: Forest [93]

Diet: Leaves, coconuts, and other fruit [92]
 NT 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [93]

Black-spotted cuscus

Spilocuscus rufoniger 2012 stamp of Indonesia.jpg

S. rufoniger
(Zimara, 1937)
Northern New Guinea
Black-spotted Cuscus area.png
Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail [92]

Habitat: Forest [94]

Diet: Believed to be omnivorous [95]
 CR 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [94]

Blue-eyed spotted cuscus


S. wilsoni
Helgen & Flannery, 2004
Islands northwest of New Guinea
Blue-eyed Spotted Cuscus area.png
Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail [92]

Habitat: Forest [96]

Diet: Leaves, coconuts, and other fruit [92]
 CR 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [96]

Common spotted cuscus

Phalanger maculatus (male) - Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria - Genoa, Italy - DSC03051.JPG

S. maculatus
(Geoffroy, 1803)

Four subspecies
  • S. m. chrysorrhous
  • S. m. goldiei
  • S. m. maculatus
  • S. m. nudicaudatus
New Guinea and northeastern Australia
Common Spotted Cuscus area.png
Size: 48–56 cm (19–22 in) long, plus 31–33 cm (12–13 in) tail [97]

Habitat: Forest [98]

Diet: Leaves, fruit, insects, and small vertebrates [97]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [98]

Waigeou cuscus

Spilocuscus papuensis 37904569.jpg

S. papuensis
(Desmarest, 1822)
Waigeo in eastern Indonesia
Waigeo Cuscus area.png
Size: 33–64 cm (13–25 in) long, plus 31–59 cm (12–23 in) tail [92]

Habitat: Forest [99]

Diet: Leaves, coconuts, and other fruit [92]
 VU 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [99]

Genus Strigocuscus Gray, 1861 – two species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Banggai cuscus

Saugethiere vom Celebes- und Philippinen-Archipel (Taf. XV) (5984632555).jpg

S. pelengensis
(Tate, 1945)

Two subspecies
  • S. p. mendeni
  • S. p. pelengensis
Peleng and Sula Islands in eastern Indonesia
Banggai Cuscus area.png
Size: 35–37 cm (14–15 in) long, plus 24–30 cm (9–12 in) tail [100]

Habitat: Forest [101]

Diet: Fruit [100]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [101]

Sulawesi dwarf cuscus

CuscusCelebensisWolf.jpg

S. celebensis
(Gray, 1858)

Three subspecies
  • S. c. celebensis
  • S. c. feileri
  • S. c. sangirensis
Sulawesi in Indonesia
Sulawesi Dwarf Cuscus area.png
Size: 29–38 cm (11–15 in) long, plus 27–38 cm (11–15 in) tail [102]

Habitat: Forest [103]

Diet: Fruit, flowers, and leaves [103]
 NT 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [103]

Genus Trichosurus Lesson, 1828 – four species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Common brushtail possum

Trichosurus vulpecula 1.jpg

T. vulpecula
(Kerr, 1792)
Scattered Australia
Common Brushtail Possum area.png
Size: 32–58 cm (13–23 in) long, plus 24–35 cm (9–14 in) tail [104]

Habitat: Forest and savanna [105]

Diet: Leaves, shoots, and flowers [104]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [105]

Coppery brushtail possum

Coppery Brushtail Possum (3625102158).jpg

T. johnstonii
(Ramsay, 1888)
Northeastern AustraliaSize: 40–49 cm (16–19 in) long, plus 30–40 cm (12–16 in) tail [106]

Habitat: Forest [106]

Diet: Leaves and fruit [106]
 NE 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg

Mountain brushtail possum

Trichosurus cunninghami3.jpg

T. cunninghami
Lindenmayer, Dubach & Viggers, 2002
Southeastern Australia
Mountain Brushtail Possum area.png
Size: 32–58 cm (13–23 in) long, plus 24–40 cm (9–16 in) tail [107]

Habitat: Forest [108]

Diet: Leaves, fungi, lichen, buds, and fruit, as well as bark [109]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [108]

Short-eared possum

Trichosurus caninus Gould.jpg

T. caninus
(Ogilby, 1836)
Eastern Australia
Short-eared Possum area.png
Size: 32–58 cm (13–23 in) long, plus 24–40 cm (9–16 in) tail [107]

Habitat: Forest [110]

Diet: Leaves, fruit, buds, fungi, bark, and insects [111]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [110]

Genus Wyulda Alexander, 1918 – one species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Scaly-tailed possum

Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia Vol 4 Pl 1.jpg

W. squamicaudata
Alexander, 1918
Northwestern Australia
Scaly-tailed Possum area.png
Size: 29–47 cm (11–19 in) long, plus 25–33 cm (10–13 in) tail [112]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and rocky areas [113]

Diet: Leaves [114]
 NT 


5,000–10,000 Decrease2.svg [113]

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