Copper(I) phosphide

Copper(I) phosphide

Names
IUPAC name copper(I) phosphide
Other names Copper phosphide Cuprous phosphide Cuprophosphorus Phosphor copper
Identifiers
CAS Number	12019-57-7  Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	9725097  N
ECHA InfoCard	100.031.485
PubChem CID	159399
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID60894785
InChI InChI=1S/3Cu.P/q3*+1;-3 N Key: GKCDETHKBNXQFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N InChI=1/3Cu.P/q3*+1;-3 Key: GKCDETHKBNXQFR-UHFFFAOYAH
SMILES [Cu+].[Cu+].[Cu+].[PH6-3]
Properties
Chemical formula	Cu3P
Molar mass	221.6127 g/mol
Appearance	yellowish grey crystals
Melting point	900 °C (1,650 °F; 1,170 K)
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	−33.0·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
Crystal structure	Na 3As (hexagonal, hP24) [1] [2]
Space group	P63cm, No. 185
Hazards
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu) [3]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 1 mg/m3 (as Cu) [3]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	TWA 100 mg/m3 (as Cu) [3]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). N  verify  (what is  YN ?) Infobox references

Copper phosphide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu₃P, a phosphide of copper. It is a brittle, yellowish-grey solid.

Properties

Copper phosphide does not react with water. It shows fluorescence when subjected to ultraviolet light.

Structure

Recent crystallographic investigations have proven Cu₃P to be copper deficient, which means that the sum formula of this compound is more accurately expressed as Cu_3−xP. ^[4]

Production

Copper phosphide can be produced in a reverberatory furnace or crucible by the reaction of red phosphorus with a copper-rich material.

It can be prepared photochemically, by irradiating cupric hypophosphite with ultraviolet radiation. ^[5]

It can also be produced by reducing copper(II) phosphate with aluminum. ^[6]

Uses

Copper phosphide has a role in copper alloys, namely in phosphor bronze.^{[ citation needed ]} It is a very good deoxidizer of copper.

References

1. Olofsson, Olle; Holmlund, Lars; Ingri, Nils; Tricker, M. J.; Svensson, Sigfrid (1972). "The Crystal Structure of Cu3P". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 26: 2777–2787. doi: 10.3891/acta.chem.scand.26-2777 .
2. Wolff, Alexander; Doert, Thomas; Hunger, Jens; Kaiser, Martin; Pallmann, Julia; Reinhold, Romy; Yogendra, Sivatmeehan; Giebeler, Lars; Sichelschmidt, Jörg; Schnelle, Walter; Whiteside, Rachel; Gunaratne, H. Q. Nimal; Nockemann, Peter; Weigand, Jan J.; Brunner, Eike; Ruck, Michael (2018-10-23). "Low-Temperature Tailoring of Copper-Deficient Cu 3– x P—Electric Properties, Phase Transitions, and Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries". Chemistry of Materials. 30 (20): 7111–7123. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02950.
3. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0150". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
4. Wolff, Alexander; Doert, Thomas; Hunger, Jens; Kaiser, Martin; Pallmann, Julia; Reinhold, Romy; Yogendra, Sivatmeehan; Giebeler, Lars; Sichelschmidt, Jörg (2018-10-23). "Low-Temperature Tailoring of Copper-Deficient Cu 3– x P—Electric Properties, Phase Transitions, and Performance in Lithium-Ion Batteries" (PDF). Chemistry of Materials. 30 (20): 7111–7123. doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b02950. ISSN   0897-4756.
5. "Electrophotographic elements and processes. United States Patent 4113484" . Retrieved 2009-06-06.
6. Lucheva, B.; Tsonev, Ts.; Petkov, R. (31 August 2005). "Method for Obtaining of Copper-Phosphorus Alloys" (PDF). Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy. 40 (3): 235–238.