East Monument Historic District | |
Row homes in East Monument Historic District, June 2014. | |
Location | Bounded by N. Washington St. on the W; Amtrak rail line on the N. to E. St.; S. to Monument and E to Highland Ave., Baltimore, Maryland |
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Coordinates | 39°18′02″N76°34′48″W / 39.30056°N 76.58000°W |
Area | 328 acres (133 ha) |
Architect | Novak & Hurt, Novak, Frank, et al.; Gallagher, Edward J., et al. |
Architectural style | Italianate, Queen Anne, Classical revival |
NRHP reference No. | 09001061 [1] |
Added to NRHP | December 8, 2009 |
East Monument Historic District (also known as B-5162)[ citation needed ] or Little Bohemia, is a national historic district in Baltimore, Maryland. It is a large residential area with a commercial strip along East Monument Street. It comprises approximately 88 whole and partial blocks. The residential area is composed primarily of rowhouses that were developed, beginning in the 1870s, as housing for Baltimore's growing Bohemian (Czech) immigrant community. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries the neighborhood was the heart of the Bohemian community in Baltimore. The Bohemian National Parish of the Roman Catholic Church, St. Wenceslaus, is located in the neighborhood. [2] The historic district includes all of McElderry Park and Milton-Montford, most of Middle East and Madison-Eastend, and parts of Ellwood Park.
During the late 1800s and early 1900s, the neighborhood was known colloquially as Little Bohemia [3] or Bohemia Village. [4] Bohemia is the historical name for the western portion of the modern day Czech Republic, and was the source of many (but not all) Czech language speaking immigrants to the area.
The folk art of screen painting is said to have originated in the neighborhood, at a produce store located at North Collington and Ashland Avenues. [5]
By 1969, the Czech-American community in Little Bohemia was predominantly composed of aging homeowners who lived alongside more recently arrived African-American residents. According to a reporter with The Baltimore Sun, "The older people of Bohemian extraction still live in the houses they own...but they share the neighborhood with black people whom they do not seem to appreciate or understand." This was the last generation of Czech-Americans to remain in Little Bohemia in large numbers, with the neighborhood transitioning into a predominantly African-American neighborhood by the 1970s and 1980s. [6]
The neighborhood was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 8, 2009. [7]
Fell's Point is a historic waterfront neighborhood in southeastern Baltimore, Maryland, established around 1763 along the north shore of the Baltimore Harbor and the Northwest Branch of the Patapsco River. Located 1.5 miles east of Baltimore's downtown central business district, Fells Point is known for its maritime history and character.
Mount Vernon is a neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, located immediately north of the city's downtown. It is named for George Washington's Mount Vernon estate in Virginia, as the site of the city's Washington Monument.
McElderry Park is a neighborhood in the northern part of the southeastern district of the City of Baltimore. Its boundaries are marked by East Fayette Street, East Monument Street, Linwood Avenue, and Patterson Park Avenue. South of McElderry Park is the neighborhood of Patterson Park; Butchers Hill is to the southwest. Ellwood Park is located to the east, and the campus of The Johns Hopkins Hospital to the west. To its north is the neighborhood of Madison-East End.
Highlandtown is a neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Brewers Hill is a neighborhood in the Southeast District of Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
Middle East is a neighborhood in the heart of East Baltimore, Maryland.
Little Bohemia, or Bohemian Town, is a historic neighborhood in Omaha, Nebraska. Starting in the 1880s, Czech immigrants settled in this highly concentrated area, also called "Praha" (Prague) or "Bohemian Town", bounded by South 10th Street on the east, South 16th Street on the west, Pierce Street on the north, and Martha Street on the south, with a commercial area went along South 13th and South 14th Streets, centered on William Street. It was located south of downtown, and directly west of Little Italy. A portion of the neighborhood along South 13th Street was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.
Czechs in Omaha, Nebraska have made significant contributions to the political, social and cultural development of the city since the first immigrants arrived in 1868.
Upper Fells Point, also known as "Fells Prospect," is a neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland, United States. Located north of Fells Point, originally the neighborhood was home to Baltimore's dock workers. By the 1880s canneries and factories provided employment to new immigrants, including Irish, Italians and Poles. In the early 1900s these new Americans were joined by Jews, Lithuanians and Greeks. Today its tidy brick rowhouses and tree-lined streets are home to both old-timers and young urban professionals. It is also the heart of Baltimore's growing Latino community and is sometimes called "Spanish Town". Although most Hispanics in the neighborhood are Mexicans, there are significant populations of Salvadorans, Puerto Ricans, Hondurans, Dominicans, Guatemalans, Colombians, and Cubans, as well as many others.
Baltimore East/South Clifton Park Historic District is a national historic district in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is primarily an urban residential area organized in a gridiron pattern. It comprises approximately 110 whole and partial blocks that formed the historic northeast corner of the City of Baltimore prior to 1888. While rowhouses dominate the urban area, the historic district also contains other property types which contribute to its character including brewing, meat packing, cigar manufacturing, printing, and a tobacco warehouse. The Baltimore Cemetery completes the historic district.
Bohemian National Cemetery, also known as Oak Hill Cemetery, is a cemetery located at 1300 Horners Lane, Armistead Gardens in East Baltimore, Maryland.
St. Wenceslaus Catholic Church is a Catholic parish church of the Archdiocese of Baltimore located in the Middle East neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. It is administered by the Josephites and serves a primarily African-American congregation.
The Grand Lodge Č.S.P.S. of Baltimore is the Baltimore, Maryland chapter of the Czech-Slovak Protective Society. The C.S.P.S. is a benevolent society that was founded to help Czech and Slovak immigrants integrate into American society. The chapter was founded in 1880 by Vaclav Joseph Shimek, who was also the publisher of the Telegraf, the owner of Bohemian Hall, and a six-time president of Sokol Baltimore.
The history of Czechs in Baltimore dates back to the mid-19th century. Thousands of Czechs immigrated to East Baltimore during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, becoming an important component of Baltimore's ethnic and cultural heritage. The Czech community has founded a number of cultural institutions to preserve the city's Czech heritage, including a Roman Catholic church, a heritage association, a gymnastics association, an annual festival, a language school, and a cemetery. During the height of the Czech community in the late 19th century and early 20th century, Baltimore was home to 12,000 to 15,000 people of Czech birth or heritage. The population began to decline during the mid-to-late 20th century, as the community assimilated and aged, while many Czech Americans moved to the suburbs of Baltimore. By the 1980s and early 1990s, the former Czech community in East Baltimore had been almost entirely dispersed, though a few remnants of the city's Czech cultural legacy still remain.
Hollins–Roundhouse Historic District is a national historic district in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a primarily residential area characterized by 19th century rowhouses. The neighborhood is historically significant due to its association with the development of rail transportation in Maryland. Additional historical significance comes from the neighborhood's association with ethnic immigration to Baltimore. During the 1840s and 1850s the area was a center of settlement for Baltimore's German and Irish communities, many of whom immigrated to the United States to work in the rail industry. Later, from the 1880s to the 1920s, the neighborhood became established as the center of Baltimore's Lithuanian immigrant community. Because of the large Lithuanian population in the area north of Hollins Street, the area became known as Little Lithuania. A few remnants of the neighborhood's Lithuanian heritage still remain, such as Lithuanian Hall located on Hollins Street.
William Oktavec was a Czech-born American artist, draftsman, butcher and grocer, best known for inventing screen painting.
Madison-Eastend is a neighborhood in the heart of East Baltimore, Maryland. Madison-Eastend occupies 66.7 acres of land north of Patterson Park and south of Amtrak's Northeast Corridor. The neighborhood is bounded by the neighborhoods of Ellwood Park and McElderry Park to the south, Milton-Montford to the west, Biddle Street to the north, and Orangeville to the east. The swath of land between Johns Hopkins Hospital and Frank C Bocek Park, which includes Madison-Eastend, is often referred to as the "Down the Hill" neighborhood by local residents.
Milton-Montford is a neighborhood in the heart of East Baltimore, Maryland. Milton-Montford lies north of Patterson Park and south of Amtrak's Northeast Corridor. The neighborhood is bounded by the neighborhoods of McElderry Park to the south, Madison-Eastend to the east, Biddle Street to the north, and Middle East to the west. The swath of land between Johns Hopkins Hospital and Frank C Bocek Park, which includes Milton-Montford, is often referred to as the "Down the Hill" neighborhood by local residents.
Frank Joseph Novak Sr. was an American architect, real estate developer and builder. Active in Baltimore, he was known for constructing many of East Baltimore's famous rowhouses with marbled steps. He was the most prominent builder in Baltimore's Czech-American community. His prolific construction of housing for working-class immigrants earned him the nickname, "The Two-Story King of East Baltimore".