List of people executed by the United States federal government

The following is a list of people executed by the United States federal government.

Post-Gregg executions

Sixteen executions (none of them military) have occurred in the modern post-Gregg era. ^[1] Since 1976, sixteen people have been executed under federal jurisdiction by the United States federal government. All were executed by lethal injection at the United States Penitentiary in Terre Haute, Indiana. ^[2]

No.	Name	Race	Age	Sex	Date of execution	Federal District	Method	Victim(s)	President
1	Timothy James McVeigh	White	33	M	June 11, 2001	Western District of Oklahoma	Lethal injection	8 federal law enforcement officers [a]	George W. Bush
2	Juan Raul Garza	Hispanic	44	M	June 19, 2001	Southern District of Texas		Thomas Albert Rumbo, Gilberto Matos, and Erasmo De La Fuente [b]
3	Louis Jones Jr.	Black	53	M	March 18, 2003	Northern District of Texas		U.S. Army Private Tracie Joy McBride
4	Daniel Lewis Lee	White	47	M	July 14, 2020	Eastern District of Arkansas		William Frederick Mueller, Nancy Ann Mueller, and Sarah Elizabeth Powell	Donald Trump
5	Wesley Ira Purkey	White	68	M	July 16, 2020	Western District of Missouri		Jennifer Long [c]
6	Dustin Lee Honken	White	52	M	July 17, 2020	Northern District of Iowa		5 murder victims [d]
7	Lezmond Charles Mitchell	Native American	38	M	August 26, 2020	District of Arizona		Alyce Slim and Tiffany Lee
8	Keith Dwayne Nelson	White	45	M	August 28, 2020	Western District of Missouri		Pamela Butler
9	William Emmett LeCroy Jr.	White	50	M	September 22, 2020	Northern District of Georgia		Joann Lee Tiesler
10	Christopher Andre Vialva	Black	40	M	September 24, 2020	Western District of Texas		Todd Bagley and Stacie Bagley
11	Orlando Cordia Hall	Black	49	M	November 19, 2020	Northern District of Texas		Lisa Rene
12	Brandon Anthony Micah Bernard	Black	40	M	December 10, 2020	Western District of Texas		Todd Bagley and Stacie Bagley
13	Alfred Bourgeois	Black	56	M	December 11, 2020	Southern District of Texas		Jakaren Harrison
14	Lisa Marie Montgomery	White	52	F	January 13, 2021	Western District of Missouri		Bobbie Jo Stinnett
15	Corey Johnson	Black	52	M	January 14, 2021	Eastern District of Virginia		7 murder victims [e]
16	Dustin John Higgs	Black	48	M	January 16, 2021	District of Maryland		Tamika Black, Tanji Jackson, and Mishann Chinn

Demographics

Race
Black	7	44%
White	7	44%
Hispanic	1	6%
Native American	1	6%
Age
30–39	2	13%
40–49	7	44%
50–59	6	38%
60–69	1	6%
Sex
Male	15	94%
Female	1	6%
Date of execution
1976–1979	0	0%
1980–1989	0	0%
1990–1999	0	0%
2000–2009	3	19%
2010–2019	0	0%
2020–2029	13	81%
Method
Lethal injection	16	100%
President (Party)
Gerald Ford (R)	0	0%
Jimmy Carter (D)	0	0%
Ronald Reagan (R)	0	0%
George H. W. Bush (R)	0	0%
Bill Clinton (D)	0	0%
George W. Bush (R)	3	19%
Barack Obama (D)	0	0%
Donald Trump (R)	13	81%
Joe Biden (D)	0	0%
Total	16	100%

Earlier non-military executions, 1900 to 1963

From 1790 to 1963, there were at least 332 Federal, 271 Territorial and 40 Indian Tribunal executions according to the most complete records. ^[3] The youngest person executed was James Arcene on June 18, 1885, at the age of 23 for his role in a robbery and murder committed when he was 10 years old.

Name	Race	Age	Sex	Date of execution	Offense	Location	Method	Victim(s)	President
Allen Walkingshield	Native American		M	October 24, 1902	Murder on an Indian reservation [f]	Minnehaha County Jail, Sioux Falls, South Dakota	Hanging	Mrs Ghost-Faced Bear, Native American [4]	Theodore Roosevelt
George Bear	Native American		M	December 5, 1902	Murder on an Indian reservation [g]	Minnehaha County Jail, Sioux Falls, South Dakota	Hanging	C Edward Tayloe and John Shaw [5]
Charles Barrett	White		M	July 17, 1903	Murder on an Indian reservation	Federal Jail, McAlester, Oklahoma	Hanging	John Hennessey, elderly, white [6]
Dora Wright	Black	31	F	July 17, 1903	Murder on an Indian reservation	Federal Jail, McAlester, Oklahoma	Hanging	Bessie Williams, 7, black (stepdaughter) [6]
Rufus Binyon	Black		M	September 22, 1905	Murder on an Indian reservation	Federal Jail, Ardmore, Oklahoma	Hanging	Mary Hawthorne, 8, black [7]
Grant Williams	Black		M	November 3, 1905	Murder on an Indian reservation	Federal Jail, McAlester, Oklahoma	Hanging	Edward Dolan, white [8]
Henry Scott	Black		M	July 6, 1906	Murder on the high seas	New Hanover County Jail, Wilmington, North Carolina	Hanging	Five people [9] [h]
Robert Cotton	Black		M	September 4, 1906	Murder on an Indian reservation	Federal Jail, Vinita, Oklahoma	Hanging	Female, black (wife) [10]
John Goodwin	White	27	M	May 13, 1913	Murder on an Indian reservation [i]	Gila County Jail, Gila County, Arizona	Hanging	Fred Kibbe and Alfred Hillpot, white [11]	Woodrow Wilson
William Stewart	White	28	M	May 30, 1914
William Turner	Black	50	M	June 24, 1921	Murder on federal property	Henrico County Jail, Henrico County, Virginia	Hanging	T. Morgan Moore, white [12]	Warren Harding
Henry Brown	Black	19	M	September 1, 1921	Murder on federal property [j]	Baltimore City Jail, Baltimore, Maryland	Hanging	Harriet M. Kavanaugh, white [13]
Sam Greenhill	Black	36	M	October 9, 1925	Murder on federal property	Lauderdale County Jail, Florence, Alabama	Hanging	Harry Sleeth White, 35, white (police officer) [14] [15]	Calvin Coolidge
George Sujynamie	Native American	26	M	October 10, 1925	Murder on military reservation	Fort Whipple, Prescott, Arizona	Hanging	Arthur Mark Cavell, 62, white [16]
James Alderman	White	45	M	August 17, 1929	Murder on the high seas	Coast Guard Base Six, Fort Lauderdale, Florida	Hanging	Victor A. Lamby and Sidney C. Sanderlin, 26, and 30, white (U.S. coastguardsmen) [k] [17]	Herbert Hoover
Carl Panzram	White	39	M	September 5, 1930	Murder	United States Penitentiary (USP), Leavenworth, Kansas	Hanging	Robert George Warnke, 47, white (guard) [l]
George Barrett	White	49	M	March 24, 1936	Murder of a federal employee [m]	Marion County Jail, Indiana	Hanging	Nelson B. Klein Sr., 37, white (FBI agent)	Franklin D. Roosevelt
Arthur Gooch	White	27	M	June 19, 1936	Kidnapping [n]	Oklahoma State Penitentiary, McAlester, Oklahoma	Hanging	R.N. Baker and H.R. Marks, white (police officers)
Earl Gardner	Native American	29	M	July 12, 1936	Murder on an Indian reservation [o]	Coolidge Dam, Gila County, Arizona	Hanging [p]	Alicia Gardner and Edward Gardner, 21 and 27 days, Native American (wife and son) [18] [19]
Anthony Chebatoris	White	40	M	July 8, 1938	Murder during a bank robbery	Federal Correctional Institution (FCI), Milan, Michigan [q]	Hanging	Henry Porter, 50, white
Henry Seadlund	White	27	M	July 14, 1938	Kidnapping and murder	Cook County Jail, Illinois	Electrocution	Charles Sherman Ross, 72, white [r] [20]
Glenn Applegate	White	46	M	August 12, 1938	Murder of a federal employee	United States Penitentiary (USP), Leavenworth, Kansas	Hanging	Wimberly W. Baker, 27, white (FBI agent) [21] [22]
Robert Suhay	White	25	M
James Dalhover	White	32	M	November 18, 1938	Bank robbery and murder	Indiana State Prison, Michigan City, Indiana	Electrocution	Paul Vincent Minneman, 33, white (state trooper) [23] [24]
Nelson Charles	Native American	38	M	November 10, 1939	Murder	Federal Jail, Juneau, Alaska	Hanging	Cecelia Johnson, 58, Native American [25]
Herbert Hans Haupt	White	22	M	August 8, 1942	Espionage and attempted sabotage as unlawful combatants for Nazi Germany [s]	D.C. Jail, Washington, D.C.	Electrocution	N/A
Richard Quirin	White	35	M
Heinrich Heinck	White	34	M
Edward Kerling	White	33	M
Herman Neubauer	White	32	M
Werner Thiel	White	35	M
Clyde Arwood	White	41	M	August 14, 1943	Murder of a federal employee	Tennessee State Prison, Nashville, Tennessee	Electrocution	William Milton Pugh, 49, white (federal agent) [t]
Henry Ruhl	White	36	M	April 27, 1945	Murder on a government reservation	Wyoming State Penitentiary, Rawlins, Wyoming	Gas inhalation	Matt Katmo, 44, white [26]	Harry S. Truman
Austin Nelson	Black	29	M	March 1, 1948	Murder	Federal Jail, Juneau, Alaska	Hanging	Jim Ellen, 52, white [27]
David Joseph Watson	Black	24	M	September 15, 1948	Murder on the high seas [u]	Florida State Prison, near Raiford, Florida	Electrocution	Benjamin Leroy Hobbs, 19, black [28]
Samuel Richard Shockley	White	39	M	December 3, 1948	Murder of a federal employee [v]	California State Penitentiary, San Quentin, California	Gas inhalation	William A. Miller, 43, white (guard)
Miran Edgar Thompson	White	30	M
Carlos Romero Ochoa	Hispanic	29	M	December 10, 1948	Murder of a federal employee			Anthony L. Oneto, 30, white (immigration patrol officer) [29]
Eugene LaMoore	Black	46	M	April 14, 1950	Murder	Federal Jail, Juneau, Alaska	Hanging	Jim Ellen, 52, white [27]
Julius Rosenberg	White	35	M	June 19, 1953	Espionage [w]	New York State Prison, Sing Sing, Ossining, New York	Electrocution	N/A	Dwight D. Eisenhower
Ethel Rosenberg	White	37	M
Carl Austin Hall	White	34	M	December 18, 1953	Kidnapping and murder	Missouri State Penitentiary, Jefferson City, Missouri	Gas inhalation	Bobby Greenlease, 6, white
Bonnie Emily Heady	White	41	M
Gerhard Puff	White	40	M	August 12, 1954	Murder of a federal employee	New York State Prison, Sing Sing, Ossining, New York	Electrocution	Joseph John Brock, 44, white (FBI agent)
Arthur Ross Brown	White	30	M	February 24, 1956	Kidnapping and murder	Missouri State Penitentiary, Jefferson City, Missouri	Gas inhalation	Wilma Frances Allen, 34, white [30]
George Krull	White	36	M	August 21, 1957	Rape	Georgia State Prison, Reidsville, Georgia	Electrocution	Sunie Jones, 52, white
Michael Krull	White	33	M
Victor Feguer	White	27	M	March 15, 1963	Kidnapping and murder	Iowa State Penitentiary, Fort Madison, Iowa	Hanging	Dr. Edward Roy Bartels, 34, white	John F. Kennedy

Military executions

Main article: Capital punishment by the United States military

Main article: List of people executed by the United States military

Between 1942 and 1961, a total of 160 soldiers convicted of criminal offences were executed by the U.S. military, most of them during World War II. ^[31] This figure does not include individuals executed by the U.S. military for varied contraventions of the laws of war during wartime. ^{[32] [33] [34]} The most recent person to be executed by the military is U.S. Army Private John A. Bennett, executed on April 13, 1961, for rape and attempted murder. On January 31, 1945, Private Eddie Slovik, was the last American soldier to be executed for the military offence of desertion. ^{[35] [36] [37]}

See also

• List of death row inmates in the United States § Federal
• Capital punishment by the United States federal government
• Capital punishment in the United States
• List of people executed by the District of Columbia

Notes

1. McVeigh was also responsible for the killing of 160 additional people and injuring over 680 others through the 1995 bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building.
2. The jury also found beyond a reasonable doubt that Garza was responsible for the murders of Antonio Nieto, Bernabe Sosa, Diana Flores Villareal, Oscar Cantu, and Fernando Escobar Garcia.
3. Purkey was also responsible for the murder of Mary Ruth Bales.
4. The 5 victims were: Greg Nicholson, Lori Ann Duncan, Kandace Duncan, Amber Duncan, and Terry DeGeus.
5. The 7 victims were: Louis Johnson, Bobby Long, Anthony Carter, Dorothy Armstrong, Curtis Thorne, Linwood Chiles, and Peyton Johnson.
6. Rosebud Indian Reservation
7. Rosebud Indian Reservation
8. Killed five crew members (4 white, 1 black) during a mutiny aboard the vessel the Harry Berwind.
9. San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
10. U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis.
11. Also murdered Secret Service agent Robert K. Webster (48, white).
12. Serial killer, linked to 4 other murders and claimed to have murdered 21 people.
13. First person to be executed under a law that made it a federal crime to kill a federal agent.
14. Seriously injured one of the victims, making the kidnappings a capital offense.
15. San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation.
16. After Gardner's execution was botched. Congress passed a law stating that all federal executions would be carried out using the method used in the state. Previously, all federal executions had to be carried out by hanging on federal territory.
17. The only person ever to be executed in Michigan since its admission to the Union.
18. Also murdered his accomplice in the kidnapping, James Atwood Gray.
19. Tried by a military tribunal for their roles in Operation Pastorius.
20. Previously convicted of murdering a sheriff's deputy in Tennessee and served roughly 8 years in prison.
21. Killed a fellow sailor on board the USS Stribling.
22. Convicted for their roles in the Battle of Alcatraz.
23. Convicted for spying on behalf of the Soviet Union and leaking American military secrets, including nuclear weapons designs.

References

1. "BOP: Federal Executions". Federal Bureau of Prisons . Retrieved February 24, 2021.
2. "Executions Under the Federal Death Penalty". Death Penalty Information Center . Retrieved February 24, 2021.
3. 340 Federal, 271 Territorial and 40 Indian Tribunal Executions 1790 to 1963 Archived 2003-04-13 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved on 20 October 2008.
4. "Died with Joke on His Lips". Dayton (Ohio) Herald. October 24, 1902. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
5. "George Bear Meets Death with Stoicism". The Black Hills (South Dakota) Union. December 12, 1902. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
6. "First Death Sentences Ever Passed in Central District". The McAlester Capital. June 11, 1903. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
7. "Murderer Hanged - Rufus Binyon, Child Murderer, Pays Penalty of Crime Committed in May 1900". Faxon (OK) Weekly Star. September 29, 1905. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
8. "Williams to Hang - Jury Verdict in Murder Case Will Likely Bring Grant Williams to the Scaffold". The McAlester Capital. January 21, 1904. Retrieved April 20, 2024.
9. "Sailor to Hang - Convicted of Mutiny on the High Seas". Topeka (Kansas) Daily Herald. July 6, 1906. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
10. "Murderer Hangs - Robert Cotton, Wife Murderer, Executed in Federal Jail at Vinita Tuesday". The Tuttle Times. September 7, 1906. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
11. "Hanged by the U.S. Government". The Muscatine (Iowa) Journal. May 16, 1913. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
12. "Article clipped from Evening star". Evening star. June 24, 1921. p. 2. Retrieved October 8, 2025.
13. "Slayer of Buffalo Nurse Pays Penalty". The Buffalo News. September 1, 1921. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
14. "Negro Slayer of Shoals Guard Hanged by Federal Government". Nashville Tennessean. October 10, 1925. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
15. "Police Officer Harry S. White". Officer Down Memorial Page . Retrieved May 30, 2021.
16. "Indian Slayer Jokes as He Goes to His Death". Sioux City (Iowa) Journal. October 11, 1925. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
17. "Alderman Dies Upon Gallows, Prayer on Lips". Miami (Florida) Daily News. August 17, 1929. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
18. O'Brien, Pat (July 13, 1936). "Armed Deputies on Guard at Coolidge Dam for Execution". Arizona Daily Star. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
19. Lofquist, Bill (March 5, 2021). "Earl Gardner". The Federal Death Penalty Project. Retrieved May 2, 2025.
20. "Seadlund Executed for Ross Killing". Richmond (Indiana) Item. July 14, 1938. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
21. "U.S. Government Hangs Two New York Gunmen in Kansas for Murder of an Officer". Muncie Evening Press. August 12, 1938. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
22. "Wimberly W. Baker". Federal Bureau of Investigation . Retrieved May 30, 2021.
23. "Dalhover Dies for Slaying - 21 Witnesses See Gangster Walk to Chair". South Bend (Indiana) Tribune. November 18, 1938. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
24. "Trooper Paul Vincent Minneman". Officer Down Memorial Page . Retrieved May 30, 2021.
25. "Alaska to Hang Man, First Killer Since 1901". Camden (New Jersey) Courier-Post. November 8, 1939. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
26. "Goes to Death in Gas Chamber". The Billings Gazette. April 28, 1945. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
27. "Nelson Hangs This Morning". Daily Sitka Sentinel. March 1, 1948. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
28. "Negro Slayer Was Executed at Raiford". Miami (Florida) Herald. September 16, 1948. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
29. "Anthony L. Oneto". U.S. Customs and Border Protection . October 24, 1940. Retrieved May 30, 2021.
30. "Dies in the Gas Chamber - Arthur Ross Brown, Kidnap-Slayer of Mrs. Wilma Allen Is Pronounced Dead Eleven Minutes After Midnight". Kansas City Times. February 24, 1956. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
31. Snell, Tracy L. (November 2023). "Capital Punishment, 2021 – Statistical Tables p. 26" (PDF). U.S. Department of Justice Office of Justice Programs Bureau of Justice Statistics.
32. "German commandos captured in American uniform are prepared for execution, 1944 - Rare Historical Photos". January 27, 2017.
33. "The Execution Of The Teenage Hitler Youth Spies". The Untold Past. Retrieved July 20, 2025.
34. Dougherty, Kevin (August 25, 2004). "Memorial honors victims of WWII mob". Stars and Stripes. Retrieved July 20, 2025.
35. Simmons, Zena (August 25, 1999). "The Execution of Pvt. Eddie Slovik". The Detroit News . Archived from the original on May 25, 2012. Retrieved April 18, 2011.
36. "The Execution of Private Slovik". The Army Lawyer: A History of the Judge Advocate General's Corps, 1775-1975 (Reprint of the US Army Edition). Honolulu: University Press of the Pacific. 1993. ISBN   978-0-89941-845-2. Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved April 20, 2011.
37. Glass, Charles (2013). Deserter : the last untold story of the Second World War. London: HarperPress. ISBN   978-0-00-734592-2. OCLC   818449638.