List of rhinolophids

Rufous horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rouxii)

Rhinolophidae is one of the twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and part of the microbat suborder. A member of this family is called a rhinolophid or a horseshoe bat. They are named for the shape of their nose-leaf. They are found in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia, primarily in forests, savannas, grasslands, and caves, though some species can also be found in deserts or wetlands. They range in size from the Thai horseshoe bat and little Nepalese horseshoe bat, at 3 cm (1 in) plus a 1 cm (0.4 in) tail, to the Maclaud's horseshoe bat, at 10 cm (4 in) plus a 5 cm (2 in) tail. Like all bats, rhinolophids are capable of true and sustained flight, and have wing lengths ranging from 3 cm (1 in) in the Formosan lesser horseshoe bat and little Nepalese horseshoe bat, to 8 cm (3 in) in the great woolly horseshoe bat. They are all insectivorous and eat a variety of insects and spiders. ^[1] Most rhinolophids do not have population estimates, but the ones that do range from 900 adult individuals to 20,000. Twelve species—the Andaman horseshoe bat, Bornean woolly horseshoe bat, Guinean horseshoe bat, King horseshoe bat, Maclaud's horseshoe bat, Mount Mabu horseshoe bat, Poso horseshoe bat, Ruwenzori horseshoe bat, Timorese horseshoe bat, Willard's horseshoe bat, Yaeyama little horseshoe bat, and Ziama horseshoe bat—are categorized as endangered species, and Hill's horseshoe bat is categorized as critically endangered. These collectively make up almost fifteen percent of the species in the family.

The 92 extant species of Rhinolophidae are all included in a single genus, Rhinolophus. A few extinct prehistoric rhinolophid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed. ^[2]

Conventions

IUCN Red List categories

Conservation status
EX	Extinct (0 species)
EW	Extinct in the wild (0 species)
CR	Critically Endangered (1 species)
EN	Endangered (12 species)
VU	Vulnerable (5 species)
NT	Near threatened (9 species)
LC	Least concern (50 species)
Other categories
DD	Data deficient (13 species)
NE	Not evaluated (2 species)

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the rhinolophid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

The family Rhinolophidae consists of a single genus, Rhinolophus, containing 92 species.

Rhinolophids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists. ^[3]

Genus Rhinolophus – Lacépède, 1799 – 92 species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Acuminate horseshoe bat	R. acuminatus Peters, 1871	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [5]	LC  Unknown [5]
Adam's horseshoe bat	R. adami Aellen & Brosset, 1968	Republic of the Congo	Size: Unknown length, plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest and caves [7]	DD  Unknown [7]
Andaman horseshoe bat	R. cognatus K. Andersen, 1906	Andaman Islands	Size: About 4 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [8]	EN  Unknown [8]
Arcuate horseshoe bat	R. arcuatus Peters, 1871 Two subspecies R. a. arcuatus R. a. exiguus	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [10]	DD  Unknown [10]
Beddome's horseshoe bat	R. beddomei K. Andersen, 1905	Southern India and Sri Lanka	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Forest and caves [12]	LC  Unknown [12]
Big-eared horseshoe bat	R. macrotis Blyth, 1844 Five subspecies R. m. caldwelli R. m. episcopus R. m. huananus R. m. macrotis R. m. topali	Eastern and southeastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest and caves [14]	LC  Unknown [14]
Blasius's horseshoe bat	R. blasii Peters, 1866	Scattered Africa, southern Europe, and western Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, caves, and desert [15]	LC  Unknown [15]
Blyth's horseshoe bat	R. lepidus Blyth, 1844 Two subspecies R. l. lepidus R. l. refulgens	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [16]	LC  Unknown [16]
Bokhara horseshoe bat	R. bocharicus Kastschenko & Akimov, 1917	Central Asia	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, caves, and desert [17]	LC  Unknown [17]
Bornean horseshoe bat	R. borneensis Peters, 1861	Southeastern Asia	Size: Unknown length, plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves [18]	LC  Unknown [18]
Bornean woolly horseshoe bat	R. proconsulis Hill, 1959	Borneo	Size: Unknown length 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest [19]	EN  Unknown [19]
Bourret's horseshoe bat	R. paradoxolophus Bourret, 1951	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest and caves [20]	LC  Unknown [20]
Broad-eared horseshoe bat	R. euryotis Temminck, 1835	Southeastern Asia	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Caves and forest [21]	LC  Unknown [21]
Bushveld horseshoe bat	R. simulator K. Andersen, 1904	Eastern and western Africa	Size: 3–7 cm (1–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Savanna and caves [22]	LC  Unknown [22]
Canut's horseshoe bat	R. canuti Thomas & Wroughton, 1909	Indonesia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [23]	VU  7,500–10,000 [23]
Cape horseshoe bat	R. capensis Lichtenstein, 1823	Southern Africa	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Shrubland and caves [24]	LC  Unknown [24]
Chiewkwee's horseshoe bat	R. chiewkweeae Yoshiyuki & Liat, 2005	Southeastern Asia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Forest [25]	DD  Unknown [25]
Chinese rufous horseshoe bat	R. sinicus K. Andersen, 1905	Eastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [26]	LC  Unknown [26]
Cohen's horseshoe bat	R. cohenae Taylor, Stoffberg, Monadjem, Schoeman, Bayliss, & Cotterill, 2012	South Africa	Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Savanna, grassland, rocky areas, and caves [27]	VU  900–1,000 [27]
Convex horseshoe bat	R. convexus Csorba, 1997	Southeastern Asia	Size: Unknown length, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest [28]	DD  Unknown [28]
Creagh's horseshoe bat	R. creaghi Thomas, 1896	Southeastern Asia	Size: About 5 cm (2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [29]	LC  Unknown [29]
Croslet horseshoe bat	R. coelophyllus Peters, 1867	Southeastern Asia	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [30]	LC  Unknown [30]
Damara horseshoe bat	R. damarensis Roberts, 1946	Southern Africa	Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and desert [31]	LC  20,000 [31]
Darling's horseshoe bat	R. darlingi K. Andersen, 1905	Southern Africa	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Savanna and caves [32]	LC  Unknown [32]
Decken's horseshoe bat	R. deckenii Peters, 1867	Eastern Africa	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest and caves [33]	NT  Unknown [33]
Dent's horseshoe bat	R. denti Thomas, 1904	Southern and western Africa	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Savanna and caves [34]	LC  Unknown [34]
Dobson's horseshoe bat	R. yunanensis Dobson, 1872	Southeastern Asia	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Forest and caves [35]	LC  Unknown [35]
Eloquent horseshoe bat	R. eloquens K. Andersen, 1905	Eastern Africa	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [36]	LC  Unknown [36]
Forest horseshoe bat	R. silvestris Aellen, 1959	West-central Africa	Size: Unknown length, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest and caves [37]	DD  Unknown [37]
Formosan lesser horseshoe bat	R. monoceros Temminck, 1835	Japan and China	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Unrecorded	NE  Unknown
Formosan woolly horseshoe bat	R. formosae Sanborn, 1939	Taiwan	Size: 6–9 cm (2–4 in), plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Forest and caves [38]	LC  Unknown [38]
Geoffroy's horseshoe bat	R. clivosus Cretzschmar, 1828 Two subspecies R. c. brachygnathus R. c. clivosus	Africa and Arabian peninsula	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, caves, and desert [39]	LC  Unknown [39]
Great woolly horseshoe bat	R. luctus Temminck, 1834	Southern and southeastern Asia	Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–8 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Caves, rocky areas, and forest [40]	LC  Unknown [40]
Greater horseshoe bat	R. ferrumequinum (Schreber, 1774) Seven subspecies R. f. creticum R. f. ferrumequinum R. f. irani R. f. korai R. f. nippon R. f. proximus R. f. tragatus	Europe, Asia, and northern Africa	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and caves [41]	LC  Unknown [41]
Guinean horseshoe bat	R. guineensis Eisentraut, 1960	Western Africa	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, grassland, inland wetlands, and caves [42]	EN  Unknown [42]
Halcyon horseshoe bat	R. alcyone Temminck, 1852	Western and central Africa	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [43]	LC  Unknown [43]
Hildebrandt's horseshoe bat	R. hildebrandtii Peters, 1878	Eastern Africa	Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [44]	LC  Unknown [44]
Hill's horseshoe bat	R. hilli Aellen, 1973	Rwanda	Size: About 6 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail About 5 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest and caves [45]	CR  Unknown [45]
Hills' horseshoe bat	R. hillorum Koopman, 1989	Scattered Equatorial Africa	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest, grassland, and caves [46]	VU  Unknown [46]
Imaizumi's horseshoe bat	R. imaizumii Hill & Yoshiyuki, 1980	Japan	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Unrecorded	NE  Unknown
Indo-Chinese lesser brown horseshoe Bat	R. microglobosus Csorba and Jenkins, 1998	Southeastern Africa	Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Caves and forest [47]	LC  Unknown [47]
Insular horseshoe bat	R. keyensis Peters, 1871	Indonesia	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Unknown [48]	DD  Unknown [48]
Intermediate horseshoe bat	R. affinis Horsfield, 1823 Nine subspecies R. a. affinis R. a. andamanensis R. a. hainanus R. a. himalayanus R. a. macrurus R. a. nesites R. a. princes R. a. superans R. a. tener	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [49]	LC  Unknown [49]
King horseshoe bat	R. rex Allen, 1923	Eastern China	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest and caves [50]	EN  1,500–2,000 [50]
Lander's horseshoe bat	R. landeri Martin, 1837	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and caves [51]	LC  Unknown [51]
Large rufous horseshoe bat	R. rufus Eydoux & Gervais, 1836	Philippines	Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 6–8 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [52]	NT  Unknown [52]
Large-eared horseshoe bat	R. philippinensis Waterhouse, 1843	Southeastern Asia and northeastern Australia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Caves and forest [53]	LC  Unknown [53]
Least horseshoe bat	R. pusillus Temminck, 1834	Eastern and southeastern Asia	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [54]	LC  Unknown [54]
Lesser brown horseshoe bat	R. stheno K. Andersen, 1905	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest [55]	LC  Unknown [55]
Lesser horseshoe bat	R. hipposideros (Bechstein, 1800)	Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and caves [56]	LC  Unknown [56]
Lesser woolly horseshoe bat	R. sedulus K. Andersen, 1905	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [57]	NT  Unknown [57]
Little Japanese horseshoe bat	R. cornutus Temminck, 1834 Three subspecies R. c. cornutus R. c. orii R. c. pumilus	Japan and China	Size: 3–6 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest [58]	NT  Unknown [58]
Little Nepalese horseshoe bat	R. subbadius Blyth, 1844	Eastern Asia	Size: 3–4 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail 3–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [59]	LC  Unknown [59]
Maclaud's horseshoe bat	R. maclaudi Pousargues, 1897	Western Africa	Size: 7–10 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Savanna and caves [60]	EN  Unknown [60]
Madura horseshoe bat	R. madurensis K. Andersen, 1918	Indonesia	Size: Unknown length 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [61]	VU  Unknown [61]
Maendeleo horseshoe bat	R. maendeleo Kock, Csorba, & Howell, 2000	Eastern Africa	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest and caves [62]	DD  Unknown [62]
Malayan horseshoe bat	R. malayanus Bonhote, 1903	Southeastern Asia	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [63]	LC  Unknown [63]
Marshall's horseshoe bat	R. marshalli Thonglongya, 1973	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves [64]	LC  Unknown [64]
McIntyre's horseshoe bat	R. mcintyrei Hill & Schlitter, 1982	Papua New Guinea	Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest [65]	DD  Unknown [65]
Mediterranean horseshoe bat	R. euryale Blasius, 1853	Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and caves [66]	NT  Unknown [66]
Mehely's horseshoe bat	R. mehelyi Matschie, 1901	Southern Europe, western Asia, and northern Africa	Size: 4–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 2–4 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Shrubland and caves [67]	VU  Unknown [67]
Mitred horseshoe bat	R. mitratus Blyth, 1844	Eastern India	Size: About 7 cm (3 in), plus about 3 cm (1 in) tail About 6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Unknown [68]	DD  Unknown [68]
Mount Mabu horseshoe bat	R. mabuensis Taylor, Stoffberg, Monadjem, Schoeman, Bayliss, & Cotterill, 2012	Mozambique	Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Caves and forest [69]	EN  Unknown [69]
Mozambican horseshoe bat	R. mossambicus Taylor, Stoffberg, Monadjem, Schoeman, Bayliss, & Cotterill, 2012	Southeastern Africa	Size: Unknown length 6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [70]	LC  Unknown [70]
Neriad horseshoe bat	R. nereis K. Andersen, 1905	Siantan Island in Indonesia	Size: Unknown length, plus about 2 cm (1 in) tail About 4 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Unknown [71]	DD  Unknown [71]
Osgood's horseshoe bat	R. osgoodi Sanborn, 1939	Southern China	Size: Unknown length, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Caves [72]	LC  Unknown [72]
Pearson's horseshoe bat	R. pearsonii Horsfield, 1851	Eastern and southeastern Asia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Forest and caves [73]	LC  Unknown [73]
Peninsular horseshoe bat	R. robinsoni K. Andersen, 1918	Malaysia and Thailand	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Rocky areas and forest [74]	NT  Unknown [74]
Philippine forest horseshoe bat	R. inops K. Andersen, 1905	Philippines	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest [75]	LC  Unknown [75]
Poso horseshoe bat	R. belligerator Patrick, McCulloch, & Ruedas, 2013	Sulawesi Island in Indonesia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Unknown [76]	EN  Unknown [76]
Rufous horseshoe bat	R. rouxii Temminck, 1835	Southern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [77]	LC  Unknown [77]
Ruwenzori horseshoe bat	R. ruwenzorii Hill, 1942	Central Africa	Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and caves [78]	EN  Unknown [78]
Rüppell's horseshoe bat	R. fumigatus Rüppell, 1842	Sub-Saharan Africa	Size: 4–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [79]	LC  Unknown [79]
Sakeji horseshoe bat	R. sakejiensis Cotterill, 2002	Zambia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Savanna [80]	DD  Unknown [80]
Shamel's horseshoe bat	R. shameli Tate, 1943	Southeastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [81]	LC  Unknown [81]
Shortridge's horseshoe bat	R. shortridgei K. Andersen, 1918	Eastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest [82]	DD  Unknown [82]
Small rufous horseshoe bat	R. subrufus K. Andersen, 1905	Philippines	Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest and caves [83]	DD  Unknown [83]
Smaller horseshoe bat	R. megaphyllus Gray, 1834	Eastern Australia and Papua New Guinea	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Caves and forest [84]	LC  Unknown [84]
Smithers's horseshoe bat	R. smithersi Taylor, Stoffberg, Monadjem, Schoeman, Bayliss, & Cotterill, 2012	Southern Africa	Size: 7–9 cm (3–4 in), plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail 6–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, inland wetlands, and caves [85]	NT  Unknown [85]
Sulawesi broad-eared horseshoe bat	R. tatar Bergmans & Rozendaal, 1982	Sulawesi Island in Indonesia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest [86]	LC  Unknown [86]
Sulawesi horseshoe bat	R. celebensis K. Andersen, 1905	Indonesia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Forest and caves [87]	LC  Unknown [87]
Swinny's horseshoe bat	R. swinnyi Gough, 1908	Southern Africa	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [6] Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [88]	LC  Unknown [88]
Thai horseshoe bat	R. siamensis Gyldenstolpe, 1917	Southesastern Asia	Size: 3–4 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest and caves [89]	LC  Unknown [89]
Thailand horseshoe bat	R. thailandensis Wu, Harada, & Motokawa, 2009	Northern Thailand	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 5–7 cm (2–3 in) arm/wing length [11] Habitat: Forest and caves [90]	LC  Unknown [90]
Thomas's horseshoe bat	R. thomasi K. Andersen, 1905	Southesastern Asia	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Caves [91]	LC  Unknown [91]
Timorese horseshoe bat	R. montanus Goodwin, 1979	East Timor	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Caves and unknown [92]	EN  Unknown [92]
Trefoil horseshoe bat	R. trifoliatus Temminck, 1834	Southesastern Asia	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [9] Habitat: Forest [93]	NT  Unknown [93]
Wedge-sellaed horseshoe bat	R. xinanzhongguoensis Zhou, Guillén-Servent, Lim, Eger, Wang, & Jiang, 2009	China	Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest [94]	NT  Unknown [94]
Willard's horseshoe bat	R. willardi Peterhans & Fahr, 2013	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Size: 6–8 cm (2–3 in), plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Forest and caves [95]	EN  Unknown [95]
Yaeyama little horseshoe bat	R. perditus K. Andersen, 1918	Yaeyama Islands in Japan	Size: 3–5 cm (1–2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 4–6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Caves, inland wetlands, and forest [96]	EN  Unknown [96]
Yellow-faced horseshoe bat	R. virgo K. Andersen, 1905	Philippines	Size: 4–6 cm (2 in), plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail 3–5 cm (1–2 in) arm/wing length [4] Habitat: Caves and forest [97]	LC  Unknown [97]
Ziama horseshoe bat	R. ziama Fahr, Vierhaus, Hütterer, & Kock, 2002	Western Africa	Size: 7–8 cm (3 in), plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail About 6 cm (2 in) arm/wing length [13] Habitat: Caves and forest [98]	EN  Unknown [98]

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75. Duya, M. R.; Sedlock, J.; Alvarez, J.; Fidelino, J.; Gatan-Balbas, M.; Pedregosa, M.; Veluz, M. J.; Jakosalem, G.; Tanalgo, K.; Cielo, K. L. S.; Garcia, J. J. L.; Cacho, M. A. (2019). "Rhinolophus inops". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T19545A21978063. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T19545A21978063.en .
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80. Cotterill, F. P. D. (2019). "Rhinolophus sakejiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T44785A22068998. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T44785A22068998.en .
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82. Sun, K. (2020). "Rhinolophus shortridgei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T136631A21987430. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T136631A21987430.en .
83. Ong, P.; Rosell-Ambal, R. G. B.; Tabaranza, B.; Heaney, D.; Balete, M.; Duya, K. (2016). "Rhinolophus subrufus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T19571A21992005. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T19571A21992005.en .
84. Armstrong, K. N.; Aplin, K. (2021) [amended version of 2017 assessment]. "Rhinolophus megaphyllus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T19553A209537963. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T19553A209537963.en .
85. Taylor, P. (2017). "Rhinolophus smithersi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T64588371A64589277. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T64588371A64589277.en .
86. Patrick, L.; Ruedas, L. (2017). "Rhinolophus tatar". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T84372447A84372450. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T84372447A84372450.en .
87. Bouillard, N.; Hutson, A. M.; Suyanto, A.; Kingston, T. (2021). "Rhinolophus celebensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T19530A21980994. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T19530A21980994.en .
88. Monadjem, A.; Cotterill, F. (2017). "Rhinolophus swinnyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T19572A21992092. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T19572A21992092.en .
89. Tu, V.; Furey, N.; Görföl, T.; Csorba, G. (2019). "Rhinolophus siamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T136651A21990143. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T136651A21990143.en .
90. Bouillard, N. (2021). "Rhinolophus thailandensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T82348077A82348673. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T82348077A82348673.en .
91. Thong, V. D.; Thanh, H. T.; Soisook, P.; Bates, P. J. J.; Csorba, G. (2019). "Rhinolophus thomasi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T19573A21990671. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T19573A21990671.en .
92. Armstrong, K. N.; Csorba, G. (2021) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Rhinolophus montanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021: e.T136248A209538154. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T136248A209538154.en .
93. Huang, J. C. -C. (2020). "Rhinolophus trifoliatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T19574A21990821. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T19574A21990821.en .
94. Zhou, Z.; Jiang, X. (2017). "Rhinolophus xinanzhongguoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017: e.T82348701A82349975. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T82348701A82349975.en .
95. Monadjem, A. (2020). "Rhinolophus willardi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T82346260A82347169. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T82346260A82347169.en .
96. Fukui, D.; Sano, A. (2020). "Rhinolophus perditus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T85707170A85707174. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T85707170A85707174.en .
97. Duya, M. R.; Alviola, P. A.; Sedlock, J.; Alvarez, J.; Fidelino, J.; Gatan-Balbas, M.; Veluz, M. J.; Jakosalem, P. G. (2019). "Rhinolophus virgo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T19575A21991148. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T19575A21991148.en .
98. Cooper-Bohannon, R.; Monadjem, A. (2020). "Rhinolophus ziama". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020: e.T44786A22068674. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T44786A22068674.en .

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