List of stars that have unusual dimming periods

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Artist's concept of an "uneven ring of dust" orbiting KIC 8462852, also known as Tabby's Star PIA22081-KIC8462852-TabbysStar-UnevenDustRing-Illustration-20171004.png
Artist's concept of an "uneven ring of dust" orbiting KIC 8462852, also known as Tabby's Star

This list contain stars that had periods when their apparent magnitude dropped in a way that is not typical of any class of variable stars. Most of these dimming events happened due to an occultation by a dust cloud or dust disk, but many remain without explanation.

Contents

List

Tabby's Star (KIC 8462852) - Consolidated plot of all known dimmings (1 March 2020) Consolidated plot of KIC 8462852 dip maxima March 2020 update.png
Tabby's Star (KIC 8462852) – Consolidated plot of all known dimmings (1 March 2020)
Star designation Stellar
class 		Magnitude Right ascension
(J2000)		 Declination
(J2000)		 Distance
(light-years)		Reason for dimming
Apparent Absolute
ASASSN-V J193622.23+115244.1 —14.0–15.5 [1] —19h 36m 22.23s [1] +11° 52′ 44.1″ [1] 6592 [1] Unknown
ASASSN-V J213939.3-702817.4 F0V [2] 12.95–14.22 [3] 2.5 [3] 21h 39m 39.3s [3] −70° 28′ 17.4″ [3] 3630 [2] Unknown
Betelgeuse M1-2 [4] +0.50 [5] —05h 55m 10.30536s [6] +07° 24′ 25.4304″ [6] —"large-grain circumstellar dust" [7] [8]
EPIC 204278916 M1 [9] 13.7 [10] —16h 02m 07.576s [11] −22° 57′ 46.89″ [11] — Dust disk
ASASSN-24fw [12] 141717h 05m 18.98s [13] 06° 12′ 19.5″ [13] 3290±60Circumplanetary disk around an orbiting planet
EPIC 204376071 M [14] ——16h 04m 10.1267s [15] −22° 34′ 45.5503″ [15] 440 [14] Possibly giant planet or brown dwarf with rings
HD 139139
(EPIC 249706694)		G3/5V9.84; [16] 9.677 [17] —15h 37m 06.215s [17] −19° 08′ 32.96″ [17] 350 [18]
572 [17] 		Unknown. It is possible that it didn't had a dimming event at all, and the observed dimmings were due to instrumental errors.
KH 15D K7 [19] 15.5–21.5 [20] 6.226 [21] 06h 41m 10.31s [22] +09° 28′ 33.2″ [22] 773 [23] Possibly circumbinary disk
KIC 4150611
(HD 181469)		Pulsator/K/M/G——19h 18m 58.21759s [24] +39° 16′ 01.7913″ [24] —Five-star system
PDS 110 keF6 IVeb [25] 10.422 [25] 2.54 [25] 05h 23m 31.008s [25] –01° 04′ 23.68″ [25] 1090 [25] Possibly eclipses by circumstellar dust [26]
RW Cephei K2 0-Ia [27] 6.0–7.6 [28] —22h 23m 07.01521s [29] +55° 57′ 47.6244″ [29] 11,000 [30] [a] Great dimming event similar to Betelgeuse
RZ Piscium K0 IV [31] 11.29–13.82 [31] —01h 09m 42.056s [32] +27° 57′ 1.95″ [32] 550 [33] Substantial mass of gas and dust, possibly from disrupted planet
Tabby's Star
(KIC 8462852)		F3V [34] [35] 11.705 [35] 3.08 [34] 20h 06m 15.4527s [34] +44° 27′ 24.791″ [34] 1470 [34] Unknown
TIC 400799224——————"probably from an orbiting body that periodically emits clouds of dust that occult the star" [36] [37]
V1400 Centauri K5 IV(e) Li [38] 12.31 [38] —14h 07m 47.93s [38] −39° 45′ 42.7″ [38] 434 [39] Eclipse by a free-floating brown dwarf or rogue planet with a circumstellar disk or ring system [40]
VVV-WIT-07 —14.35–16.164 [41] —17h 26m 29.387s [41] −35° 40′ 6.20″ [41] 23000/? [41] Unknown
WD 1145+017
(EPIC 201563164)		DB [42] 17.0 [43] —11h 48m 33.63s [42] +01° 28′ 59.4″ [42] 570 [44] Dust disk
ZTF J0139+5245
(ZTF J013906.17+524536.89)		DA [45] 18.4 [45] —01h 39m 06.17s+52° 45′ 36.89″564 [45] Dust disk
Gaia17bpp M0-III16.13–20.48 [46] —19h 37m 23.16s+17° 59′ 02.90″27,600 [47] Dust disk
Gaia21bcv K4.5V17.70–20.123.207h 14m 33.276s−12° 13′ 27.34″4,508Eclipse by a substellar companion with a 0.5 AU-radius debris disk [48]
ASASSN-21js B [b] 12.81.3811h 47m 11.754s−62° 10′ 36.80″9,149Eclipse by a distant substellar companion with a 1.05 AU-radius debris disk [49]
WD 1054–226 DAZ16.0—10h 56m 38.63s−22° 52′ 56.08″118Debris disc [50]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Assuming membership to Cepheus OB1
  2. ↑ ASASSN-21js's temperature of 14800+4200
    −2800     K     lies within the temperature range for B-type main-sequence stars. [49]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Way, Z.; et al. (11 September 2020). "ASAS-SN Discovery of a Luminous Star undergoing a Deep Dimming Event". The Astronomer's Telegram . Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  2. 1 2 McCollum, B. & Laine, S. (8 June 2019). "Spectral Type of the Unusual Variable ASASSN-V J213939.3-702817.4". The Astronomer's Telegram . Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Jayasinghe, T.; et al. (4 June 2019). "ASAS-SN Discovery of an Unusual, Deep Dimming Episode of a Previously Non-Variable Star". The Astronomer's Telegram . Retrieved 8 June 2019.
  4. ↑ Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373. S2CID   123149047.
  5. ↑ Nicolet, B. (1978). "Catalogue of Homogeneous Data in the UBV Photoelectric Photometric System". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 34: 1–49. Bibcode:1978A&AS...34....1N.
  6. 1 2 van Leeuwen, F (November 2007). "Hipparcos, the New Reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2). VizieR: 653–664. arXiv: 0708.1752 . Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID   18759600.
  7. ↑ "Dimming Betelgeuse likely isn't cold, just dusty, new study shows" (Press release). University of Washington. 6 March 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2020– via EurekAlert!.
  8. ↑ Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip (24 February 2020). "Betelgeuse just isn't that cool: Effective temperature alone cannot explain the recent dimming of Betelgeuse". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 891 (2). L37. arXiv: 2002.10463 . Bibcode: 2020ApJ...891L..37L . doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab7935 . S2CID   211296241.
  9. ↑ Bouy, H. & Martín, Eduardo L. (September 2009). "Proper motions of cool and ultracool candidate members in the Upper Scorpius OB association". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 504 (3): 981–990. arXiv: 0907.0149 . Bibcode:2009A&A...504..981B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200811088. S2CID   14150392.
  10. ↑ Preibisch, Thomas; et al. (July 2002). "Exploring the Full Stellar Population of the Upper Scorpius OB Association". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (1): 404–416. Bibcode:2002AJ....124..404P. doi: 10.1086/341174 .
  11. 1 2 Zacharias, N.; et al. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: The Second U.S. Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC2)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues (1289). Bibcode:2003yCat.1289....0Z.
  12. ↑ Zakamska, Nadia L.; Pallathadka, Gautham Adamane; Bizyaev, Dmitry; Merc, Jaroslav; Owen, James E.; Schlaufman, Kevin C.; Bąkowska, Karolina; Bednarz, Sławomir; Bernacki, Krzysztof (9 July 2025). "ASASSN-24fw: Candidate circumplanetary disk occultation of a main-sequence star". arXiv: 2507.05367 . A bot will complete this citation soon. Click here to jump the queue
  13. 1 2 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR .
  14. 1 2 Rappaport, S.; et al. (May 2019). "Deep Long Asymmetric Occultation in EPIC 204376071" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 485 (2): 2681–2693. arXiv: 1902.08152 . Bibcode:2019MNRAS.485.2681R. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stz537 . S2CID   119470865.
  15. 1 2 "EPIC 204376071". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  16. ↑ Høg, E.; et al. (March 2000). "The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 355: L27 –L30. Bibcode:2000A&A...355L..27H.
  17. 1 2 3 4 "EPIC Search Results - EPIC 249706694". Space Telescope Science Institute . Retrieved 12 July 2019.
  18. ↑ Mann, Adam (3 July 2019). "Astronomers Don't Know What to Make of This Incredibly Bizarre Star". Scientific American . Retrieved 3 July 2019.
  19. ↑ Hamilton, Catrina M.; et al. (2001). "Eclipses by a Circumstellar Dust Feature in the Pre-main-Sequence Star KH 15D". The Astronomical Journal. 554 (2): L201 –L204. arXiv: astro-ph/0105412 . Bibcode:2001ApJ...554L.201H. doi:10.1086/321707. S2CID   17956137.
  20. ↑ "V582 Monocerotis". The International Variable Star Index. American Association of Variable Star Observers. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  21. ↑ Aronow, Rachel A.; et al. (2018). "Optical and Radio Observations of the T Tauri Binary KH 15D (V582 Mon): Stellar Properties, Disk Mass Limit, and Discovery of a CO Outflow". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (1): 47. arXiv: 1711.11434 . Bibcode:2018AJ....155...47A. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/aa9ed7 . S2CID   59444726.
  22. 1 2 Dahm, S. E. & Simon, Theodore (February 2005). "The T Tauri Star Population of the Young Cluster NGC 2264". The Astronomical Journal. 129 (2): 829–855. Bibcode:2005AJ....129..829D. doi: 10.1086/426326 .
  23. ↑ Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; et al. (August 2018). "Estimating distances from parallaxes IV: Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia Data Release 2". The Astronomical Journal. 156 (2). 58. arXiv: 1804.10121 . Bibcode:2018AJ....156...58B. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/aacb21 . S2CID   119289017.
  24. 1 2 "HD 181469". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 12 July 2019.
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Osborn, H. P.; et al. (October 2017). "Periodic Eclipses of the Young Star PDS 110 Discovered with WASP and KELT Photometry". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 471 (1): 740–749. arXiv: 1705.10346 . Bibcode:2017MNRAS.471..740O. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stx1249 . S2CID   119450480.
  26. ↑ Osborn, H. P.; Kenworthy, M.; et al. (May 2019). "The PDS 110 observing campaign - photometric and spectroscopic observations reveal eclipses are aperiodic". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 485 (2): 1614–1625. arXiv: 1901.07981 . Bibcode:2019MNRAS.485.1614O. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stz283 .
  27. ↑ Keenan, Philip C.; McNeil, Raymond C. (1 October 1989). "The Perkins Catalog of Revised MK Types for the Cooler Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373. ISSN   0067-0049. S2CID   123149047.
  28. ↑ Watson, C. L. (2006). "The International Variable Star Index (VSX)". The Society for Astronomical Sciences 25th Annual Symposium on Telescope Science. Held May 23–25. 25: 47. Bibcode:2006SASS...25...47W.
  29. 1 2 Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv: 2208.00211 . Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243940 . S2CID   244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR .
  30. ↑ Parker, Richard J.; Crowther, Paul A.; Rate, Gemma (2020). "Unlocking Galactic Wolf–Rayet stars with Gaia DR2 – II. Cluster and association membership". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495 (1): 1209–1226. arXiv: 2005.02533 . Bibcode:2020MNRAS.495.1209R. doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa1290 . S2CID   218516882.
  31. 1 2 Samus, N. N.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog . Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  32. 1 2 "V* RZ Psc". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 22 December 2017.
  33. ↑ Paez, Danny (21 December 2017). "This "Winking" Star is So Hungry it's Feasting on Planets - An appetite of galactic proportions". Inverse innovation . Retrieved 21 December 2017.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 Boyajian, T. S.; et al. (April 2016). "Planet Hunters IX. KIC 8462852 – where's the flux?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society . 457 (4): 3988–4004. arXiv: 1509.03622 . Bibcode:2016MNRAS.457.3988B. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stw218 . S2CID   54859232.
  35. 1 2 Masi, Gianluca (16 October 2015). "KIC 8462852: A star and its secrets". The Virtual Telescope Project 2.0. Retrieved 22 October 2015.
  36. ↑ Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (3 January 2022). "Astronomers find mysterious dusty object orbiting a star". Phys.org . Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  37. ↑ Powell, Brian P.; et al. (8 December 2021). "Mysterious Dust-emitting Object Orbiting TIC 400799224". The Astronomical Journal . 162 (6): 299. arXiv: 2110.01019 . Bibcode:2021AJ....162..299P. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ac2c81 . S2CID   238259420.
  38. 1 2 3 4 Mamajek, Eric E.; et al. (March 2012). "Planetary Construction Zones in Occultation: Discovery of an Extrasolar Ring System Transiting a Young Sun-like Star and Future Prospects for Detecting Eclipses by Circumsecondary and Circumplanetary Disks". The Astronomical Journal . 143 (3): 72. arXiv: 1108.4070 . Bibcode:2012AJ....143...72M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/143/3/72. S2CID   55818711.
  39. ↑ Kenworthy, Matthew A. & Mamajek, Eric E. (22 January 2015). "Modeling giant extrasolar ring systems in eclipse and the case of J1407b: sculpting by exomoons?". The Astrophysical Journal. 800 (2): 126. arXiv: 1501.05652 . Bibcode:2015ApJ...800..126K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/800/2/126. S2CID   56118870.
  40. ↑ Kenworthy, M. A.; Klaassen, P. D.; et al. (January 2020). "ALMA and NACO observations towards the young exoring transit system J1407 (V1400 Cen)". Astronomy & Astrophysics . 633: A115. arXiv: 1912.03314 . Bibcode:2020A&A...633A.115K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201936141.
  41. 1 2 3 4 Saito, Roberto K.; et al. (6 November 2018). "VVV-WIT-07: another Boyajian's star or a Mamajek's object?". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 482 (4): 5000–5006. arXiv: 1811.02265 . Bibcode:2019MNRAS.482.5000S. doi: 10.1093/mnras/sty3004 . S2CID   119068259.
  42. 1 2 3 "WD 1145+017". SIMBAD . Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg . Retrieved 25 October 2015.
  43. ↑ "Planet WD 1145+017 b". Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia . Retrieved 30 October 2015.
  44. ↑ Pulliam, Christine (21 October 2015). "Cosmic "Death Star" is Destroying a Planet". Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. 2015–21.
  45. 1 2 3 Vanderbosch, Z.; et al. (26 August 2019). "A White Dwarf with Transiting Circumstellar Material Far Outside Its Tidal Disruption Radius". arXiv: 1908.09839v1 [astro-ph.SR].
  46. ↑ "Gaia17bpp". gsaweb.ast.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 8 January 2024.
  47. ↑ Tzanidakis, Anastasios; Davenport, James R. A.; Bellm, Eric C.; Wang, Yuankun (1 September 2023). "Gaia17bpp: A Giant Star with the Deepest and Longest Known Dimming Event". The Astrophysical Journal. 955 (1): 69. arXiv: 2306.12409 . Bibcode:2023ApJ...955...69T. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aceda7 . ISSN   0004-637X.
  48. ↑ Hodapp, Klaus W.; Gaidos, Eric; Kenworthy, Matthew A.; Tucker, Michael; Shappee, Benjamin J.; Payne, Anna V.; et al. (March 2012). "An Episode of Occultation Events in Gaia21bcv". The Astronomical Journal. 167 (2): 10. arXiv: 2312.16367 . Bibcode:2024AJ....167...85H. doi: 10.3847/1538-3881/ad1931 . 85.
  49. 1 2 Pramono, T. H.; Kenworthy, M. A.; van Boekel, R. (August 2024). "ASASSN-21js: A multi-year transit of a ringed disc". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 688: 8. arXiv: 2408.06744 . Bibcode:2024A&A...688L..11P. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202450288 . L11.
  50. ↑ Farihi, J. (April 2022). "Relentless and complex transits from a planetesimal debris disc". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 511 (2): 1647–1666. arXiv: 2109.06183 . Bibcode:2022MNRAS.511.1647F. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab3475 . hdl: 10023/24937 .
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