List of the Cenozoic life of Montana

This list of the Cenozoic life of Montana contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Montana and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

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Contents

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• 

  Living Abies , or fir trees

  Abies
  • † Abies alvordensis
  • † Abies concoloroides
  • † Abies laticarpa
• Acer
  • † Acer bendirei
  • † Acer bolanderi
  • † Acer glabroides
  • † Acer minor
  • † Acer newberryi
  • † Acer oregonianum
  • † Acer scottiae
  • † Acer silberlingi
• † Acheronodon
  • † Acheronodon garbani – type locality for species
• Acipenser
• † Acmeodon

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Acritohippus

  † Acritohippus
  • † Acritohippus isonesus
• † Acritoparamys
  • † Acritoparamys atavus – type locality for species
• † Actinodonta
• † Adjidaumo
  • † Adjidaumo intermedius – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Adjidaumo minimus – type locality for species
• † Adunator
  • † Adunator ladae
• † Aelurodon
  • † Aelurodon ferox – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Aelurodon montanensis – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus , or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920).

  † Aepycamelus
  • † Aepycamelus stocki
• † Agnotocastor
  • † Agnotocastor montanus
• † Agriochoerus
  • † Agriochoerus maximus – type locality for species
  • † Agriochoerus minimus
• † Agrostis
  • † Agrostis primaeva
• † Ailanthus
  • † Ailanthus americana
• Alangium
  • † Alangium thomae
• † Alepidophora
  • † Alepidophora maxima – type locality for species
• † Alismaphyllites
  • † Alismaphyllites grandifolius
• Alnus
  • † Alnus jarbidgana
  • † Alnus protomaximowiczii
  • † Alnus relata
• † Alphagaulus
  • † Alphagaulus pristinus

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Amebelodon . Margret Flinsch (1932).

  † Amebelodon
  • † Amebelodon floridanus – or unidentified comparable form
• Amelanchier
  • † Amelanchier couleeana
  • † Amelanchier covea
• † Amentotaxus
  • † Amentotaxus campbelli
• Amia
  • † Amia fragosa
  • † Amia uintaensis
• † Ampelopsis
  • † Ampelopsis acerifolia
• † Amphechinus
  • † Amphechinus horncloudi

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene beardog Amphicyon

  † Amphicyon
  • † Amphicyon riggsi – type locality for species
• † Amynodon
  • † Amynodon advenus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Amyzon
• † Anacodon
  • † Anacodon ursidens – or unidentified comparable form
• Anas
  • † Anas platyrhynchos – or unidentified comparable form
• † Ancenycteris
  • † Ancenycteris rasmusseni
• † Anconodon
  • † Anconodon cochranensis
  • † Anconodon gidleyi – type locality for species
• † Anemia
  • † Anemia elongata

• 

  Fossilized tooth of the Oligocene-Miocene shark Carcharocles angustidens

  † Angustidens
  • † Angustidens vireti – or unidentified comparable form
• † Anisonchus
  • † Anisonchus oligistus
  • † Anisonchus sectorius
• † Ansomys
  • † Ansomys hepburnensis – type locality for species
  • † Ansomys nexodens
• † Antholithes
  • † Antholithes asterias – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes botryanthera – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes divaricanthera – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes explodens – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes glandulifera – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes onagracioides – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes tropaeoloides – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes tulipoidea – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes umbelloidea – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes urnanthera – type locality for species
  • † Antholithes zygomorpha – type locality for species
• Antilocapra – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Antilocapra americana
• † Aphelops
• † Aphronorus
  • † Aphronorus fraudator – type locality for species
  • † Aphronorus orieli
• † Apternodus
  • † Apternodus baladontus – type locality for species
  • † Apternodus mediaevus – type locality for species
• † Araceaeites
• † Araucaria
  • † Araucaria longifolia

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Oligocene bone-crushing dog Archaeocyon

  † Archaeocyon
  • † Archaeocyon leptodus
• † Archaeohippus
• † Archaeolagus
• † Archisyrphus – type locality for genus
  • † Archisyrphus opacus – type locality for species
• † Arctocyon
  • † Arctocyon ferox

• 

  Restoration of an Arctodus , or short-faced bear, with a human to scale

  † Arctodus
  • † Arctodus simus
• † Arctostaphylos
  • † Arctostaphylos cuneata
• † Ardynomys
  • † Ardynomys occidentalis – type locality for species
• † Arretotherium
  • † Arretotherium acridens – type locality for species
• Arundo
  • † Arundo pseudogoepperti
• Arvicola
  • † Arvicola richardsonii
• † aspera
  • † aspera aspera

• 

  A living Astronium tree, which is related to cashews

  † Astronium
  • † Astronium truncatum
• † Athyana
  • † Athyana haydenii
• † Atoposemys
  • † Atoposemys entopteros
• † Aulolithomys
  • † Aulolithomys bounites – type locality for species
• † Averrhoites
  • † Averrhoites affinis
• † Avunculus
  • † Avunculus didelphodonti – type locality for species
• † Axestemys
  • † Axestemys montinsana

• 

  Living Azolla water ferns

  Azolla
  • † Azolla elegans – type locality for species
  • † Azolla fragilis – type locality for species
  • † Azolla velus

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Contents

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• G
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• I
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• † Baioconodon
  • † Baioconodon denverensis – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Baioconodon engdahli – type locality for species
  • † Baioconodon nordicus – type locality for species
• † Baiotomeus
  • † Baiotomeus douglassi
  • † Baiotomeus lamberti – type locality for species
• † Bathygenys
  • † Bathygenys alpha – type locality for species

• 

  Shoot and flowers of a modern Berberis , or barberry

  † Berberis
  • † Berberis acanthoides
• Berchemia
  • † Berchemia huanoides
• † Beringiaphyllum
  • † Beringiaphyllum cupanioides
• † Bessoecetor
  • † Bessoecetor septentrionalis
• Betula
  • † Betula fairii
  • † Betula stevensoni
  • † Betula thor
  • † Betula vera
• Bibio – or unidentified related form
• Bison
  • † Bison bison

  • 

    Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons , also known as the giant bison or long-horned bison

    † Bison latifrons – or unidentified comparable form
• † Bisonalveus
  • † Bisonalveus browni
• † Blastomeryx
  • † Blastomeryx gemmifer
• † Bootherium
• † Borealosuchus
  • † Borealosuchus sternbergii
• † Brachychampsa

• 

  Restorative portrait of the Miocene oreodont mammal Brachycrus

  † Brachycrus
  • † Brachycrus laticeps
• † Brachyerix
  • † Brachyerix incertis
• † Brachyrhynchocyon
  • † Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei
  • † Brachyrhynchocyon montanus – type locality for species
• † Browniea
  • † Browniea serrata

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Contents

• A
• B
• C
• D
• E
• F
• G
• H
• I
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• M
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• † Caesalpinites
  • † Caesalpinites acuminatus
  • † Caesalpinites coloradicus
• † Calycites
  • † Calycites hexaphylla

• 

  Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene camel Camelops

  † Camelops
  • † Camelops minidokae
• † Camponotites
• † Canavalia
  • † Canavalia eocenica
• Canis
  • † Canis latrans
  • † Canis lupus
• † Canna
  • † Canna flaccidafolia
• † Carcinodon
  • † Carcinodon aquilonius
• † Cardiospermum
  • † Cardiospermum terminalis
• Carpinus
  • † Carpinus fraterna
  • † Carpinus lanceolata
• † Carpites
  • † Carpites amygdaloides – type locality for species
  • † Carpites carumcarvi – type locality for species
  • † Carpites eludens – type locality for species
  • † Carpites gracilens – type locality for species
  • † Carpites paniculatus – type locality for species
  • † Carpites polygonoides
  • † Carpites pruniformis – type locality for species
  • † Carpites racemosus – type locality for species
  • † Carpites verrucosus
• † Carpodaptes
  • † Carpodaptes hazelae – type locality for species
  • † Carpodaptes jepseni – tentative report

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene primate relative Carpolestes

  † Carpolestes
  • † Carpolestes nigridens – type locality for species
• Carya
  • † Carya antiquorum
  • † Carya libbeyi
• † Cassia
  • † Cassia fayettensis
  • † Cassia hesperia
  • † Cassia reticuloides
• Castanea
  • † Castanea dolichophylla
  • † Castanea intermedia
  • † Castanea miomollissima
  • † Castanea spokanensis
  • † Castanea spolanensis
• Castor
  • † Castor californicus

  • 

    A living Castor canadensis , or North American beaver

    † Castor canadensis
• † Catalpa
  • † Catalpa rubyensis – type locality for species
• † Catopsalis
  • † Catopsalis alexanderi
  • † Catopsalis waddleae
• Ceanothus
  • † Ceanothus prespinosus
  • † Ceanothus variabilis
• Cedrela
  • † Cedrela lancifolia
  • † Cedrela pteraformis
• † Celastrus
  • † Celastrus typicus
• Celtis
  • † Celtis aspera
  • † Celtis aspera (Newberry)
  • † Celtis chaneyi
  • † Celtis kansana
  • † Celtis mccoshii
  • † Celtis peracuminata
• † Centetodon
  • † Centetodon kuenzii – type locality for species
  • † Centetodon magnus
• Cercidiphyllum
  • † Cercidiphyllum arcticum
  • † Cercidiphyllum articum
  • † Cercidiphyllum crenatum
  • † Cercidiphyllum elongatum
  • † Cercidiphyllum genetrix

• 

  Flowers of a living Cercis or redbud tree

  Cercis
  • † Cercis parvifolia
  • † Cercis spokanensis
• † Cercocarpus
  • † Cercocarpus antiquus
  • † Cercocarpus beaannae
  • † Cercocarpus myricaefolius
• † Chadrolagus
  • † Chadrolagus emryi
• † Chaetoptelea
  • † Chaetoptelea microphylla
• † Chamaecyparis
  • † Chamaecyparis linguaefolia
• † Chamops
  • † Chamops segnis – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene choristoderan reptile Champsosaurus

  † Champsosaurus
• † Chiromyoides
  • † Chiromyoides potior
• † Chisternon
  • † Chisternon interpositum – type locality for species
• † Chriacus
  • † Chriacus baldwini
  • † Chriacus calenancus
  • † Chriacus pelvidens
  • † Chriacus punitor
• † Chthonophis – type locality for genus
  • † Chthonophis subterraneus – type locality for species
• † Cimexomys
  • † Cimexomys minor – type locality for species
• † Cimolestes
  • † Cimolestes incisus

• 

  A living Cinnamomum , or cinnamon tree

  Cinnamomum
  • † Cinnamomum sezannense
• Cissus
  • † Cissus marginata
• † Claenodon
  • † Claenodon montanensis
• Clematis
  • † Clematis ellensburgensis
• Cocculus
  • † Cocculus heteromorpha
• † Colodon
  • † Colodon cingulatus
  • † Colodon kayi – type locality for species
  • † Colodon woodi – or unidentified comparable form
• † Colpoclaenus
  • † Colpoclaenus keeferi – tentative report
  • † Colpoclaenus procyonoides – or unidentified comparable form
• † Colubrina
  • † Colubrina asiatica – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Colubrina preelliptica
• † Compsemys
  • † Compsemys victa
• † Coniferites
  • † Coniferites conicus – type locality for species
  • † Coniferites ovatus – type locality for species
  • † Coniferites strobiliformis – type locality for species

• 

  Illustration of fossilized vertebrae of the Late Cretaceous-Eocene snake Coniophis . Othniel Charles Marsh (1892).

  † Coniophis – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Coniophis precedens
• † Contogenys
  • † Contogenys ekalakaensis – type locality for species
  • † Contogenys sloani
• † Conzattia
  • † Conzattia coriacea
• † Copedelphys
  • † Copedelphys stevensoni – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Copedelphys titanelix – type locality for species
• † Copemys
  • † Copemys lindsayi – type locality for species
• † Coriphagus
  • † Coriphagus montanus – type locality for species
• Cornus
  • † Cornus cornella
  • † Cornus hyperborea
  • † Cornus ovalis
• † Corylus
  • † Corylus insignis
• † Coryphodon
  • † Coryphodon proterus – type locality for species
• † Cosmocomoidea
  • † Cosmocomoidea greenwalti – type locality for species
  • † Cosmocomoidea kootenai – type locality for species
  • † Cosmocomoidea rasnitsyni – type locality for species

• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn-relative Cosoryx

  † Cosoryx – tentative report
• Crataegus
  • † Crataegus elwyni
  • † Crataegus pacifica
• † Credneria
  • † Credneria daturaefolia
• Crematogaster
  • † Crematogaster aurora – type locality for species
• † Crustulus – type locality for genus
  • † Crustulus fontanus – type locality for species
• † Cryptoryctes – type locality for genus
  • † Cryptoryctes kayi – type locality for species
• Culiseta
  • † Culiseta kishenehn – type locality for species
  • † Culiseta lemniscata – type locality for species
• † Cupidinimus
  • † Cupidinimus halli – type locality for species
• † Cyclurus
  • † Cyclurus fragosus
• † Cylindrodon – type locality for genus
  • † Cylindrodon fontis – type locality for species
• † Cynodesmus
  • † Cynodesmus thooides – type locality for species
• Cynomys

  • 

    A living Cynomys ludovicianus , or black-tailed prairie dog

    † Cynomys ludovicianus

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Contents

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• F
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• I
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• † Dalbergia

  • 

    Foliage of a living Dalbergia retusa tree

    † Dalbergia retusa
• † Daphoenictis – or unidentified comparable form
• † Davidia
  • † Davidia antiqua
• † Davispia – type locality for genus
  • † Davispia bearcreekensis – type locality for species
• † Derrisemys – type locality for genus
  • † Derrisemys sterea – type locality for species
• † Desmatochoerus
  • † Desmatochoerus hatcheri – type locality for species
• † Desmatolagus – tentative report
• † Deuterogonodon
  • † Deuterogonodon montanus – type locality for species
• † Diceratherium
  • † Diceratherium annectens
  • † Diceratherium armatum
  • † Diceratherium radtkei – type locality for species
• † Didymictis
• † Dillerlemur
  • † Dillerlemur pagei – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene false saber-toothed cat Dinictis . Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  † Dinictis
• † Dinohippus
• † Dioctria – tentative report
  • † Dioctria jamesi – type locality for species
• † Diospyros
  • † Diospyros oregoniana
• † Diphysa
  • † Diphysa presuberosa
• † Diplodipelta – type locality for genus
  • † Diplodipelta reniptera

• 

  Fossilized samara of the Eocene-modern Dipteronia tree

  Dipteronia
  • † Dipteronia insignis
• † Dissacus
• † Dixella
  • † Dixella curvistyla – type locality for species
  • † Dixella eomarginata – type locality for species
  • † Dixella intacta – type locality for species
  • † Dixella spinilobata – type locality for species
• Dolichoderus
  • † Dolichoderus dlusskyi – type locality for species
• † Domnina
  • † Domnina gradata – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Domnina thompsoni – type locality for species
• † Domninoides
• † Dorraletes
  • † Dorraletes diminutivus
• † Douglassciurus
  • † Douglassciurus jeffersoni – type locality for species
• † Downsimus

• 

  Fossilized horns, jaws, and limb bones of the Miocene deer relative Dromomeryx

  † Dromomeryx
  • † Dromomeryx borealis
• † Dryinoides – type locality for genus
  • † Dryinoides oxyrhachis – type locality for species
• Dryopteris
  • † Dryopteris lakesi
  • † Dryopteris serrata

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Contents

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• 

  Fossilized skull of the Paleocene-Eocene mammal Ectocion

  † Ectocion
  • † Ectocion cedrus
  • † Ectocion collinus
• † Ectoganus
  • † Ectoganus lobdelli
• † Ectypodus
  • † Ectypodus aphronorus – type locality for species
  • † Ectypodus laytoni – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Ectypodus lovei
  • † Ectypodus powelli – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Ectypodus szalayi – type locality for species
• † Ellipsodon
  • † Ellipsodon lemuroides

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene anthracothere mammal Elomeryx

  † Elomeryx – tentative report
• † Elphidotarsius
  • † Elphidotarsius florencae – type locality for species
  • † Elphidotarsius russelli
• † Elpidophorus
  • † Elpidophorus elegans
  • † Elpidophorus minor – type locality for species
• † Entoptychus
  • † Entoptychus montanensis
• † Eoanaphes – type locality for genus
  • † Eoanaphes stethynioides – type locality for species
• † Eoanomala – type locality for genus
  • † Eoanomala melas – type locality for species
• † Eoconodon
  • † Eoconodon hutchisoni
  • † Eoconodon nidhoggi
• † Eoeustochus – type locality for genus
  • † Eoeustochus borchersi – type locality for species
  • † Eoeustochus kishenehn – type locality for species
• † Eoformica
  • † Eoformica brevipetiola – type locality for species
  • † Eoformica latimedia – type locality for species
  • † Eoformica pinguis
• † Eogyropsylla
  • † Eogyropsylla paveloctogenarius – type locality for species
• † Eolestes
  • † Eolestes ramosus – type locality for species
  • † Eolestes syntheticus
• † Eotitanops

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene bone-crushing dog Epicyon

  † Epicyon
  • † Epicyon haydeni
• † Epihippus
  • † Epihippus gracilis – or unidentified comparable form
• † Epoicotherium
  • † Epoicotherium unicum
• † Equisetum
  • † Equisetum aquatile – type locality for species
  • † Equisetum arcticum
  • † Equisetum octangulatum
• Equus

  • 

    Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene Equus conversidens , or Mexican horse

    † Equus conversidens – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Equus proversus
• Erucius – tentative report
  • † Erucius lewisi – type locality for species
• † Eucastor
  • † Eucastor tortus
• † Eucommia
  • † Eucommia montana
  • † Eucommia serrata
• † Eudaemonema
  • † Eudaemonema cuspidata – type locality for species
• † Euhapsis – tentative report
• † Eumys
  • † Eumys brachyodus
  • † Eumys elegans
  • † Eumys parvidens – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Foliage and fruit of a modern Euonymus

  † Euonymus
  • † Euonymus pacificus
• † Euoplocyon
  • † Euoplocyon brachygnathus
• † Euroxenomys
  • † Euroxenomys inconnexus – type locality for species
• † Eutypomys
  • † Eutypomys inexpectatus – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Eutypomys montanensis – type locality for species
  • † Eutypomys parvus
• Exbucklandia
  • † Exbucklandia oregonensis
• Exechia – or unidentified related form
• † Exostinus
  • † Exostinus lancensis

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Contents

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• † Fagopsis
  • † Fagopsis longifolia
• Ficus
  • † Ficus affinis
  • † Ficus artocarpoides
  • † Ficus planicostata
  • † Ficus subtruncata
• Fidiobia

• 

  A living Fokienia cypress tree

  Fokienia
  • † Fokienia catenulata
• Formica
  • † Formica annosa – type locality for species
• † Fraxinus
  • † Fraxinus brevialata
  • † Fraxinus eocenica
  • † Fraxinus flexifolia
  • † Fraxinus rupinarum

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Contents

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• † Galbreathia
  • † Galbreathia bettae
• † Gelastops
  • † Gelastops parcus – type locality for species
• Geochelone
  • † Geochelone primaeva – type locality for species
• Gerrhonotus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Gingerichia – type locality for genus
  • † Gingerichia geoteretes – type locality for species
• Ginkgo

  • 

    Restored foliage of the Late Cretaceous-Miocene ginkgo tree Ginkgo adiantoides

    † Ginkgo adiantoides
• Gleichenia
  • † Gleichenia hesperia
• Glyptostrobus
  • † Glyptostrobus nordenskioldi
  • † Glyptostrobus oregonensis
• † Goniacodon
  • † Goniacodon levisanus
• † Gregorymys
  • † Gregorymys douglassi – type locality for species
• † Gripholagomys – tentative report

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Contents

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• F
• G
• H
• I
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• M
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• † Habrosaurus
  • † Habrosaurus dilatus
• † Hamamelites
  • † Hamamelites inaequalis
• † Haplaletes
  • † Haplaletes andakupensis
  • † Haplaletes disceptatrix – type locality for species
• † Haplomylus
  • † Haplomylus palustris – type locality for species
• † Helaletes
  • † Helaletes nanus
• † Heliscomys
  • † Heliscomys gregoryi
  • † Heliscomys mcgrewi – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Heliscomys ostranderi
• Helius
  • † Helius constenius – type locality for species

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Oligocene lizard Helodermoides

  † Helodermoides – type locality for genus
  • † Helodermoides tuberculatus – type locality for species
• † Hendryomeryx
  • † Hendryomeryx defordi – or unidentified comparable form
• † Herpetotherium
  • † Herpetotherium fugax
  • † Herpetotherium knighti – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Herpetotherium valens
• † Hesperhys
  • † Hesperhys vagrans
• Hesperinus – or unidentified related form

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene dog Hesperocyon . Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  † Hesperocyon
  • † Hesperocyon gregarius
• † Heteraletes
  • † Heteraletes leotanus
• † Hiodon
  • † Hiodon consteniorum – type locality for species
• Holmskioldia
  • † Holmskioldia speiri
• † Holopogon
  • † Holopogon archilestes – type locality for species
• Homo
  • † Homo sapiens

• 

  Restoration of Pliocene-Pleistocene Homotherium , or scimitar cat

  † Homotherium
  • † Homotherium serum
• † Huerfanodon – or unidentified comparable form
• † Hutchemys – type locality for genus
  • † Hutchemys rememdium – type locality for species
• † Hyaenodon
  • † Hyaenodon crucians
• Hydrangea
  • † Hydrangea knowltoni
• † Hydromystria
  • † Hydromystria expansa
• † Hyopsodus
  • † Hyopsodus sholemi

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Miocene even-toed ungulate Hypertragulus

  † Hypertragulus
  • † Hypertragulus calcaratus
• † Hypisodus
  • † Hypisodus minimus
• † Hypohippus
  • † Hypohippus osborni – or unidentified comparable form
• † Hypolagus
  • † Hypolagus vetus
• † Hypsiops
  • † Hypsiops breviceps – type locality for species
• † Hyrachyus
  • † Hyrachyus douglassi – type locality for species
• † Hyracodon
  • † Hyracodon medius
  • † Hyracodon priscidens

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• † Ictidopappus
  • † Ictidopappus mustelinus – type locality for species
• † Ignacius
  • † Ignacius frugivorus
• † Ilex ^[1]
  • † Ilex acuminata – later renamed Ilex mormonica ^[1]
  • † Ilex mormonica – type locality for species. Formerly known as Ilex acuminata . ^[1]
• † Intyrictis
  • † Intyrictis vanvaleni
• † Ischyrhiza – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Ischyrhiza avonicola

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Eocene-Oligocene rodent Ischyromys

  † Ischyromys
  • † Ischyromys douglassi – type locality for species
  • † Ischyromys typus
  • † Ischyromys veterior – type locality for species
• Isoetes
  • † Isoetes trullata – type locality for species
• † Isoetites
  • † Isoetites horridus
• Isonychia
  • † Isonychia alderensis – type locality for species

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• † Jepsenella – type locality for genus
  • † Jepsenella praepropera – type locality for species
• † Judithemys
  • † Judithemys backmani
• † Juglandicarya
• † Juglandiphyllites
  • † Juglandiphyllites glabra
• Juglans

  • 

    A living Juglans regia also known as the Persian or English walnut

    † Juglans regia – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Juglans taurina
• Juniperus
  • † Juniperus nevadensis

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• † Kerria
  • † Kerria antiqua
• † Kimbetohia
  • † Kimbetohia mziae

• 

  A living Koelreuteria tree

  Koelreuteria
  • † Koelreuteria arnoldi
  • † Koelreuteria bipinnatoides
• † Ktunaxia – type locality for genus
  • † Ktunaxia jucunda – type locality for species
• † Kukusepasutanka
  • † Kukusepasutanka schultzi

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• † Labidolemur – type locality for genus
  • † Labidolemur kayi – type locality for species
• Lasius
  • † Lasius glom – type locality for species
• † Lastrea
  • † Lastrea goldiana
• † Latiblattella
  • † Latiblattella avita – type locality for species
• † Laurophyllum
  • † Laurophyllum perseanum

• 

  Living Laurus , or laurel trees

  Laurus
  • † Laurus socialis
• † Leguminosites
• † Leidymys
• † Leipsanolestes
  • † Leipsanolestes siegfriedti
• Lemmiscus
  • † Lemmiscus curtatus
• Lepisosteus
  • † Lepisosteus occidentalis
• † Leptacodon
  • † Leptacodon munusculum – type locality for species
  • † Leptacodon packi – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Leptacodon proserpinae
  • † Leptacodon tener
• † Leptarctus – type locality for genus
  • † Leptarctus primus – type locality for species
• † Leptauchenia
  • † Leptauchenia decora
  • † Leptauchenia major
• † Leptictis
• † Leptochoerus
• † Leptocyon
  • † Leptocyon douglassi – type locality for species
• † Leptodontomys

• 

  Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene even-toed ungulate Leptomeryx

  † Leptomeryx
  • † Leptomeryx esulcatus
  • † Leptomeryx evansi
  • † Leptomeryx mammifer
  • † Leptomeryx speciosus
  • † Leptomeryx yoderi – or unidentified comparable form
• † Leptonysson – type locality for genus
  • † Leptonysson basiliscus – type locality for species
• † Leptoreodon
  • † Leptoreodon marshi
• † Leucaena
  • † Leucaena californica
• † Lignimus
• † Limnenetes
  • † Limnenetes platyceps – type locality for species
• † Limnoecus
• Lindera
  • † Lindera obtusata
• † Lisserpeton
  • † Lisserpeton bairdi
• † Litaletes
  • † Litaletes disjunctus – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene bird Lithornis

  † Lithornis
  • † Lithornis celetius – type locality for species
• † Litocherus
  • † Litocherus lacunatus
  • † Litocherus notissimus – type locality for species
• † Litomylus
  • † Litomylus dissentaneus – type locality for species
  • † Litomylus ishami – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Litomylus orthronepius
• † Loxolophus
  • † Loxolophus pentacus
  • † Loxolophus schizophrenus
• † Lutetialestes – type locality for genus
  • † Lutetialestes uniformis – type locality for species
• Lynx

  • 

    A living Lynx rufus , or bobcat

    † Lynx rufus

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• † Machaerosaurus
  • † Machaerosaurus torrejonensis

• 

  Close-up view of a Magnolia flower

  Magnolia
  • † Magnolia borealis
  • † Magnolia magnifolia
• Mahonia
  • † Mahonia hakeaeformis
  • † Mahonia limirivuli
  • † Mahonia lobodonta
  • † Mahonia obliqua
  • † Mahonia retculata
  • † Mahonia reticulata
  • † Mahonia simplex
  • † Mahonia subdenticulata
• † Mammut
  • † Mammut americanum
• † Mammuthus
  • † Mammuthus columbi

  • 

    Life restorations of a Mammut americanum , or American mastodon (right), and a Mammuthus primigenius , or wooly mammoth (left)

    † Mammuthus primigenius
• Marchantia
  • † Marchantia lignitica
  • † Marchantia pealei
• Marmota
  • † Marmota flaviventria
• † Marquettia
  • † Marquettia metzeli – type locality for species
• Martes
  • † Martes kinseyi – or unidentified comparable form
• † Mcconichthys – type locality for genus
  • † Mcconichthys longipinnis – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of battling males of the Eocene brontothere mammal Megacerops

  † Megacerops
  • † Megacerops kuwagatarhinus – type locality for species
• † Megahippus
• † Megalagus
  • † Megalagus brachyodon – type locality for species
  • † Megalagus dawsoni – type locality for species
  • † Megalagus turgidus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Megalonyx
  • † Megalonyx jeffersonii
• † Megantereon
• † Megatylopus
  • † Megatylopus gigas
• † Melastomites
  • † Melastomites montanensis
• † Meniscomys
• † Menodus
• † Merriamoceros
• † Merychippus
  • † Merychippus sejunctus
• † Merychyus
  • † Merychyus arenarum – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Merychyus smithi
• † Merycochoerus
  • † Merycochoerus chelydra

• 

  Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn Merycodus

  † Merycodus
  • † Merycodus necatus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Merycoides
  • † Merycoides longiceps
• † Merycoidodon
  • † Merycoidodon culbertsoni – or unidentified comparable form
• † Mesodma
  • † Mesodma ambigua – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Mesodma formosa
  • † Mesodma garfieldensis – type locality for species
  • † Mesodma pygmaea – type locality for species
  • † Mesodma thompsoni
• † Mesogaulus
  • † Mesogaulus ballensis – type locality for species
  • † Mesogaulus douglassi
• † Mesohippus
  • † Mesohippus bairdi
  • † Mesohippus westoni – type locality for species

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Miocene oreodont mammal Mesoreodon

  † Mesoreodon
  • † Mesoreodon chelonyx
  • † Mesoreodon minor – type locality for species
• † Mesoscalops
  • † Mesoscalops montanensis – type locality for species
• † Metadjidaumo
• Metasequoia
  • † Metasequoia occidentalis
• † Metopium
  • † Metopium metopioides

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene mammal Miacis

  † Miacis – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
• † Microcosmodon
  • † Microcosmodon harleyi – type locality for species
• † Micropternodus
  • † Micropternodus borealis – type locality for species
• Microtus
  • † Microtus pennsylvanicus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Mimatuta
  • † Mimatuta minuial
  • † Mimatuta morgoth – type locality for species
• † Mimetodon
  • † Mimetodon silberlingi – type locality for species
• † Mimosites
  • † Mimosites acaciafolius
• † Mimotricentes
  • † Mimotricentes fremontensis
  • † Mimotricentes tedfordi – tentative report
• † Minerisporites
  • † Minerisporites glossoferus (Dijkstra) n. comb.
• † Miniochoerus – tentative report

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene three-toed horse Miohippus

  † Miohippus – type locality for genus
  • † Miohippus anceps – tentative report
  • † Miohippus annectens – tentative report
  • † Miohippus equiceps – tentative report
  • † Miohippus gemmarosae – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Miohippus grandis
  • † Miohippus obliquidens
  • † Miohippus taxus – type locality for species
• † Mionictis – tentative report
• † Miopsyche – tentative report
  • † Miopsyche rubiensis – type locality for species
• † Mnium
  • † Mnium montanense
• † Mojavemys
• † Monosaulax
  • † Monosaulax pansus – tentative report
• † Montanatylopus
  • † Montanatylopus matthewi – type locality for species
• † Mookomys
  • † Mookomys formicarum – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Mookomys thrinax – type locality for species
• Morus
• † Muscites
  • † Muscites gracilens
• Mustela
  • † Mustela frenata
• † Mustelavus
  • † Mustelavus priscus
• Myrica
  • † Myrica lignitum
  • † Myrica mormonensis
  • † Myrica serrulata
• † Myrmecoboides
  • † Myrmecoboides montanensis – type locality for species
• † Myrtophyllum
  • † Myrtophyllum torreyi
• † Mystipterus
• † Mytonolagus
  • † Mytonolagus petersoni – or unidentified comparable form

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• † Namatomys
  • † Namatomys lloydi – type locality for species
• † Nannodectes
  • † Nannodectes gidleyi – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Nannodectes intermedius
  • † Nannodectes simpsoni – or unidentified comparable form
• † Nanodelphys
  • † Nanodelphys hunti
• † Nanotragulus
• † Navajovius
• † Nelumbago
  • † Nelumbago montanum
• † Nelumbo

• 

  Life restoration of a herd of Neohipparion . Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  † Neohipparion
• † Neoplagiaulax
  • † Neoplagiaulax donaldorum – type locality for species
  • † Neoplagiaulax grangeri – type locality for species
  • † Neoplagiaulax hunteri – type locality for species
  • † Neoplagiaulax kremnus
  • † Neoplagiaulax mckennai
  • † Neoplagiaulax nelsoni – type locality for species
• † Niglarodon
  • † Niglarodon blacki – type locality for species
  • † Niglarodon koerneri – type locality for species
  • † Niglarodon loneyi – type locality for species
  • † Niglarodon progressus
• † Nordenskioldia
  • † Nordenskioldia borealis

• 

  A living Nuphar water lily

  † Nuphar
  • † Nuphar advenoides
• † Nyctitherium
• † Nymphaeites
  • † Nymphaeites nevadensis
• † Nyssa
  • † Nyssa alata
  • † Nyssa borealis
  • † Nyssa crenata

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• † Ocajila
  • † Ocajila makpiyahe – or unidentified comparable form
• † Odaxosaurus
  • † Odaxosaurus piger

• 

  A living Odocoileus deer

  Odocoileus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Ogmophis
  • † Ogmophis arenarum – type locality for species
• Olar
  • † Olar buccinator
• † Oligodontosaurus
  • † Oligodontosaurus wyomingensis – or unidentified comparable form
• † Oligoryctes
  • † Oligoryctes altitalonidus
  • † Oligoryctes cameronensis
• † Oligoscalops
• † Oligotheriomys
  • † Oligotheriomys senrudi

• 

  A living Ondatra , or muskrat

  Ondatra
  • † Ondatra xibethicus
  • † Ondatra zibethicus
• † Onoclea
  • † Onoclea hesperia
• † Onychodectes
  • † Onychodectes tisonensis
• † Opisthotriton
  • † Opisthotriton gidleyi – type locality for species
  • † Opisthotriton kayi
• Oreohelix
• † Oreolagus
  • † Oreolagus nevadensis
• † Oreonetes
  • † Oreonetes anceps
  • † Oreonetes douglassi
• † Osmanthus
  • † Osmanthus praemissa

• 

  Living Osmunda ferns

  † Osmunda
  • † Osmunda greenlandica
  • † Osmunda macrophylla
  • † Osmunda occidentalis
• Ostrya
  • † Ostrya oregoniana
• † Otarocyon
  • † Otarocyon macdonaldi
• † Oxyacodon
  • † Oxyacodon apiculatus
  • † Oxyacodon ferronensis
  • † Oxyacodon marshater
• † Oxyclaenus
  • † Oxyclaenus pugnax

• 

  Life restoration of a pair of the Oligocene-Miocene camel Oxydactylus . Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  † Oxydactylus
  • † Oxydactylus lacota – or unidentified comparable form
• † Oxyprimus
  • † Oxyprimus erikseni – type locality for species

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• † Paciculus
• † Pagonomus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Palaechthon – type locality for genus
  • † Palaechthon alticuspis – type locality for species
  • † Palaechthon woodi – or unidentified comparable form
• † Palaeictops
• † Palaeocarpinus
  • † Palaeocarpinus joffrenses ^[2]
• † Palaeogale
  • † Palaeogale sectoria
• † Palaeohypnum
  • † Palaeohypnum beckeri
• † Palaeolabrus
  • † Palaeolabrus montanensis – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Restoration of the Oligocene rabbit relative Palaeolagus

  † Palaeolagus
  • † Palaeolagus burkei
  • † Palaeolagus haydeni
  • † Palaeolagus hypsodus
  • † Palaeolagus intermedius
  • † Palaeolagus temnodon – type locality for species
• † Palaeophytocrene
• † Palaeoryctes
• † Palaeosinopa
  • † Palaeosinopa didelphoides – or unidentified comparable form

• 

  Restorative model and fossilized skull of the Eocene brontothere mammal Palaeosyops

  † Palaeosyops
  • † Palaeosyops fontinalis
• † Palaeoxantusia
  • † Palaeoxantusia fera
• † Palatobaena
  • † Palatobaena bairdi
• † Palenochtha – type locality for genus
  • † Palenochtha minor – type locality for species
• † Paleonelumbo
  • † Paleonelumbo macroloba
• † Paleonuphar
  • † Paleonuphar hesperium
• † Paleopsephurus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Paleotomus
  • † Paleotomus senior – type locality for species

• 

  Flowers and foliage of a living Paliurus

  Paliurus
  • † Paliurus dumosus
  • † Paliurus florissanti
• † Pandemonium
  • † Pandemonium dis – type locality for species
• † Pantolambda
  • † Pantolambda intermedius – type locality for species
• † Pantomimus – type locality for genus
  • † Pantomimus leari – type locality for species
• † Paracosoryx
• † Paradjidaumo
  • † Paradjidaumo spokanensis – type locality for species
  • † Paradjidaumo trilophus
• † Paramerychyus
  • † Paramerychyus harrisonensis

• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Paramylodon

  † Paramylodon
  • † Paramylodon harlani
• † Paramys
  • † Paramys relictus
• † Paranymphaea
  • † Paranymphaea crassifolia
• † Parapliosaccomys
  • † Parapliosaccomys annae – or unidentified comparable form
• † Pararyctes
  • † Pararyctes pattersoni
• † Paratomarctus
  • † Paratomarctus temerarius
• † Parectypodus
  • † Parectypodus sinclairi – type locality for species
  • † Parectypodus sylviae
• † Pareumys – tentative report
• † Parictis
  • † Parictis montanus
• † Paromomys
  • † Paromomys depressidens – type locality for species
  • † Paromomys maturus – type locality for species
• † Parthenocissus
  • † Parthenocissus ursina
• † Parvericius
  • † Parvericius montanus
• † Paulownia
  • † Paulownia columbiana
  • † Paulownia thomsoni

• 

  Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene lizard Peltosaurus

  † Peltosaurus
• † Pelycomys
• † Penetrigonias
  • † Penetrigonias dakotensis
• † Penosphyllum
  • † Penosphyllum cordatum
• Penthetria
  • † Penthetria abacula – type locality for species
  • † Penthetria alderensis – type locality for species
  • † Penthetria rubiensis – type locality for species
• † Peraceras
  • † Peraceras profectum
  • † Peraceras superciliosum
• † Peradectes
  • † Peradectes elegans – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Peradectes minor – type locality for species
  • † Peradectes protinnominatus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Peridiomys
  • † Peridiomys halis – type locality for species
• † Periptychus
• † Perognathoides
  • † Perognathoides eurekensis – or unidentified comparable form
• Perognathus
  • † Perognathus ancenensis – type locality for species
• Peromyscus
  • † Peromyscus maniculatus – or unidentified comparable form
• Persea
  • † Persea brossiana
• † Petauristodon
• † Phasmatopelecinus – type locality for genus
  • † Phasmatopelecinus leonae – type locality for species
• † Phenacodaptes – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Phenacodaptes sabulosus

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene ungulate Phenacodus . Charles R. Knight (1898).

  † Phenacodus
  • † Phenacodus bisonensis
  • † Phenacodus intermedius
  • † Phenacodus magnus
• Phragmites
  • † Phragmites alaskana
• † Phthiria
  • † Phthiria fossa – type locality for species
• † Phyllites
  • † Phyllites demoresi
  • † Phyllites disturbans
• Picea
  • † Picea lahontensis
  • † Picea magna
  • † Picea sonomensis
• † Piceoerpeton
  • † Piceoerpeton willwoodense
• † Picrodus
  • † Picrodus canpacius
  • † Picrodus silberlingi – type locality for species

• 

  A living Pinus , or pine tree

  Pinus
  • † Pinus florissanti
  • † Pinus wheeleri
• † Pipestoneia – type locality for genus
  • † Pipestoneia douglassi – type locality for species
• † Pipestoneomys
  • † Pipestoneomys bisulcatus
• † Pithecolobium
  • † Pithecolobium eocenicum
• † Planatus
  • † Planatus nobilis
  • † Planatus raynoldsi
• † Planetetherium
  • † Planetetherium mirabile – type locality for species
• † Plastomenoides – type locality for genus
  • † Plastomenoides lamberti – type locality for species
  • † Plastomenoides tetanetron – type locality for species
• † Plastomenus – or unidentified comparable form
• Platanus
  • † Platanus dissecta
  • † Platanus nobilis
  • † Platanus raynoldsi
  • † Platanus raynoldsii
  • † Platanus stenoloba
• Plecia
  • † Plecia inflata – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene-Eocene primate Plesiadapis

  † Plesiadapis
  • † Plesiadapis anceps – type locality for species
  • † Plesiadapis churchilli – type locality for species
  • † Plesiadapis praecursor – type locality for species
  • † Plesiadapis rex – type locality for species
• † Plesiolestes
  • † Plesiolestes problematicus
• † Pleurolicus
• † Plioceros
  • † Plioceros blicki – or unidentified comparable form
• † Pliohippus
• † Plionictis
  • † Plionictis ogygia
• † Plithocyon
  • † Plithocyon ursinus
• † Poacites
• † Poebrotherium
  • † Poebrotherium eximium – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Poebrotherium wilsoni

• 

  Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene false faber-toothed cat Pogonodon

  † Pogonodon
• † Ponerites
  • † Ponerites kishenehne – type locality for species
• Populus
  • † Populus adamantea
  • † Populus balsamoides
  • † Populus cedrusensis
  • † Populus cinnamomoides
  • † Populus eotremuloides
  • † Populus lindgreni
  • † Populus nebrascensis
  • † Populus payettensis
  • † Populus washoensis
• † Potamanthellus
  • † Potamanthellus rubiensis – type locality for species
• † Potentilla
  • † Potentilla horkelioides
  • † Potentilla salmonensis
• † Pradjidaumo
  • † Pradjidaumo trilophus
• † Preissites
  • † Preissites wardi
  • † Preissites wardii
• † Procerberus
  • † Procerberus formicarum – type locality for species
  • † Procerberus grandis – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Procerberus plutonis
• † Prochetodon
  • † Prochetodon foxi – type locality for species
• † Prodesmodon
  • † Prodesmodon copei
• † Prodiacodon
  • † Prodiacodon concordiarcensis – type locality for species
  • † Prodiacodon crustulum – type locality for species
  • † Prodiacodon furor – type locality for species

• 

  Fossil of the Eocene ant Proiridomyrmex

  † Proiridomyrmex
  • † Proiridomyrmex rotundatus – type locality for species
• † Prokalotermes
  • † Prokalotermes alderensis – type locality for species
• † Promerycochoerus
  • † Promerycochoerus superbus
• † Promioclaenus
  • † Promioclaenus acolytus
• † Pronodens
  • † Pronodens silberlingi – type locality for species
• † Pronothodectes
  • † Pronothodectes matthewi – type locality for species
• † Propalaeosinopa
  • † Propalaeosinopa albertensis
• † Proscalops
  • † Proscalops intermedius – type locality for species
• † Prosciurus
  • † Prosciurus parvus – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Prosciurus vetustus – type locality for species
• † Prosphyracephala
  • † Prosphyracephala rubiensis – type locality for species

• 

  Fossil of the Oligocene ant Protazteca

  † Protazteca
  • † Protazteca eocenica – type locality for species
• † Protentomodon
  • † Protentomodon ursirivalis – type locality for species
• † Prothryptacodon
  • † Prothryptacodon furens – type locality for species
• † Protictis
  • † Protictis haydenianus
  • † Protictis microlestes
• † Protochriacus
  • † Protochriacus simplex

• 

  Fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Protohippus

  † Protohippus
• † Protolabis
  • † Protolabis gracilis – or unidentified comparable form
• † Protoreodon
  • † Protoreodon pearcei
  • † Protoreodon pumilus
• † Protungulatum
  • † Protungulatum donnae
  • † Protungulatum gorgun – type locality for species
  • † Protungulatum sloani – type locality for species
• † Provaranosaurus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Proxestops
  • † Proxestops silberlingi
  • † Proxestops silberlingii – type locality for species
• Prunus
  • † Prunus careyhurstia
  • † Prunus corrugis
  • † Prunus lyoniifolia – type locality for species
  • † Prunus morangensis
  • † Prunus perita
  • † Prunus scottii
  • † Prunus wilcoxiana

• 

  Replica of a fossilized cranium of the Miocene horse Pseudhipparion

  † Pseudhipparion
• † Pseudocylindrodon
  • † Pseudocylindrodon medius – type locality for species
  • † Pseudocylindrodon neglectus – type locality for species
• † Pseudolarix
  • † Pseudolarix americana
• † Pseudomesoreodon – type locality for genus
  • † Pseudomesoreodon rooneyi – type locality for species
• Pseudomyrmex
  • † Pseudomyrmex saxulum – type locality for species
• † Pseudotettigonia
  • † Pseudotettigonia leona – type locality for species
• † Pseudotheridomys
• † Pseudotrimylus
• † Pseudotsuga
  • † Pseudotsuga longifolia
  • † Pseudotsuga sonomensis

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene taeniodont mammal Psittacotherium multifragum

  † Psittacotherium
  • † Psittacotherium multifragum
• Ptelea
  • † Ptelea miocenica
• † Ptenidium
  • † Ptenidium kishenehnicum – type locality for species
• Pteris
• Pterocarya
  • † Pterocarya hispida
• † Ptilodus
  • † Ptilodus kummae
  • † Ptilodus montanus – type locality for species
  • † Ptilodus tsosiensis

• 

  Life restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene primate relative Purgatorius

  † Purgatorius
  • † Purgatorius janisae – type locality for species
  • † Purgatorius titusi – type locality for species
  • † Purgatorius unio – type locality for species
• † Pyracantha
  • † Pyracantha spatulata – type locality for species

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• 

  A living Quercus , or oak tree

  Quercus
  • † Quercus convexa
  • † Quercus dayana
  • † Quercus dispersa – tentative report
  • † Quercus eoprinus
  • † Quercus hannibali
  • † Quercus prelobata
  • † Quercus prevariabilis
  • † Quercus pseudolyrata
  • † Quercus simulata
  • † Quercus sullyi
  • † Quercus winstanleyi

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• † Rana – or unidentified comparable form
• Rangifer

  • 

    A living Rangifer tarandus , or reindeer

    † Rangifer tarandus
• † Rhamnites
  • † Rhamnites pseudostenophyllus
• † Rhamnus
  • † Rhamnus cleburni
  • † Rhamnus crocea
  • † Rhamnus hirsuta
• Rhus
  • † Rhus milleri
  • † Rhus miosuccedanea
  • † Rhus obscura
  • † Rhus praeovata
  • † Rhus stellariaefolia
• † Robinia
  • † Robinia californica
  • † Robinia lesquereuxi
• Rosa
  • † Rosa hilliae

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• Sabal
  • † Sabal grayana
  • † Sabal imperialis
  • † Sabal powelli
• † Saccoloma
  • † Saccoloma gardneri

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  A living Salix , or willow

  Salix
  • † Salix aquilina
  • † Salix cockerelli
  • † Salix hesperia
  • † Salix knowltoni
  • † Salix laevigatoides
  • † Salix longiacuminata
  • † Salix schimperi
  • † Salix stipulata – type locality for species
  • † Salix succorensis
  • † Salix taxifolioides
  • † Salix truckeana
  • † Salix wildcatensis
  • † Salix wimmeriana
• † Sambucus
  • † Sambucus newtoni
• † Sapindus
  • † Sapindus coloradensis
• Sassafras
  • † Sassafras ashleyi
  • † Sassafras columbiana

  • 

    Fossilized leaf of the Eocene sassafras Sassafras hesperia

    † Sassafras hesperia
  • † Sassafras thermale
• † Scalopoides
• † Scapherpeton
  • † Scapherpeton tectum
• † Scaphohippus
  • † Scaphohippus intermontanus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Scenopagus
• † Schizotheriodes
  • † Schizotheriodes parvus – type locality for species
• † Scotiophryne – or unidentified comparable form
• † Scottimus
  • † Scottimus longiquus – type locality for species
  • † Scottimus viduus
• † Selaginella
  • † Selaginella collieri
  • † Selaginella monstrosa
• † Senoprosopis
  • † Senoprosopis beckeri – type locality for species
• Sequoia

  • 

    Fossilized branch fragment from a Sequoia affinis

    † Sequoia affinis
• † Sespemys – tentative report
• † Simoedosaurus
• † Simpson
  • † Simpson lists
• † Simpsonictis
  • † Simpsonictis tenuis
• † Smilax
  • † Smilax trinervis
• † Solenopsites
  • † Solenopsites abdita – type locality for species
• † Sophora
  • † Sophora spokanensis
• † Sorbus
  • † Sorbus harneyensis
• † Sparganium
  • † Sparganium antiquum
• Spea
  • † Spea neuter
• Spermophilus
  • † Spermophilus jerae – type locality for species
  • † Spermophilus primitivus
  • † Spermophilus richardsonii
• † Spiraea
  • † Spiraea clavidens
  • † Spiraea decurrens
• † Stelocyon
  • † Stelocyon arctylos – type locality for species
• † Steneofiber
  • † Steneofiber gradatus – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Steneofiber hesperus
• † Stenoechinus
  • † Stenoechinus tantalus – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene camel Stenomylus

  † Stenomylus
  • † Stenomylus hitchcocki – or unidentified comparable form
• Sterculia
  • † Sterculia wilcoxiana
• † Stibarus
  • † Stibarus montanus – type locality for species
• † Stilpnodon
  • † Stilpnodon simplicidens – type locality for species
• † Stygimys
  • † Stygimys camptorhiza – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Stygimys gratus
  • † Stygimys jepseni – type locality for species
  • † Stygimys kuszmauli – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Miocene deer relative Subdromomeryx . Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913).

  † Subdromomeryx
  • † Subdromomeryx antilopinus
• † Subhyracodon
  • † Subhyracodon mitis
  • † Subhyracodon occidentalis
• † Submerycochoerus
  • † Submerycochoerus bannackensis – type locality for species
• Sylvicola – or unidentified related form
  • † Sylvicola fenestralis
• Sylvilagus
  • † Sylvilagus nuttallii
• † Symplocarpus
  • † Symplocarpus prefoetidus

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  Restoration of the Paleocene multituberculate mammal Taeniolabis

  † Taeniolabis
  • † Taeniolabis lamberti – type locality for species
• † Tapocyon
  • † Tapocyon robustus
• † Tardontia
  • † Tardontia occidentale – or unidentified comparable form
• Taricha
  • † Taricha miocenica – type locality for species
• Taxodium
  • † Taxodium dubium
  • † Taxodium olriki
• † Tectochara
  • † Tectochara grambastorum

• 

  Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras

  † Teleoceras
• † Tenudomys – tentative report
• † Tephrodytes – type locality for genus
  • † Tephrodytes brassicarvalis – type locality for species
• † Ternstroemites
  • † Ternstroemites aureavallis
• † Tetraclaenodon
  • † Tetraclaenodon puercensis
• Thomomys
  • † Thomomys taloides

  • 

    A living Thomomys talpoides , or northern pocket gopher

    † Thomomys talpoides
• † Thrinax
  • † Thrinax dorfi
• † Thryptacodon
  • † Thryptacodon australis – or unidentified comparable form
  • † Thryptacodon orthogonius – tentative report
  • † Thryptacodon pseudarctos – type locality for species
• † Thuja
  • † Thuja dimorpha
  • † Thuja interrupta
• † Thylacodon
  • † Thylacodon montanensis – type locality for species
  • † Thylacodon pusillus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Ticholeptus
  • † Ticholeptus zygomaticus
• Tilia
  • † Tilia aspera
  • † Tilia inaequalis
• † Tinuviel
  • † Tinuviel eurydice
• Tipula
  • † Tipula carolae – type locality for species
  • † Tipula rubiensis – type locality for species

• 

  Life restoration of the Paleocene pantodonts mammal Titanoides

  † Titanoides
  • † Titanoides gidleyi
• † Trapa
  • † Trapa angulata
  • † Trapa paulula
• † Tricentes
  • † Tricentes subtrigonus
• † Trigenicus
  • † Trigenicus profectus
• † Trigonias
  • † Trigonias osborni
• † Trilaccogaulus
  • † Trilaccogaulus montanensis
• † Triplopides
  • † Triplopides rieli – type locality for species
• † Triplopus
  • † Triplopus rhinocerinus – or unidentified comparable form
• † Trochodendroides
  • † Trochodendroides flabella
• † Trogolemur – tentative report
• † Tropidia
  • † Tropidia tumulata – type locality for species
• † Tullochelys
  • † Tullochelys montana
• † Tylocephalonyx
• Typha
  • † Typha lesquereuxi

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• † Ulmeriella
  • † Ulmeriella rubiensis – type locality for species

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  A living Ulmus , or elm

  Ulmus
  • † Ulmus montanensis
  • † Ulmus moorei
  • † Ulmus paucidentata
  • † Ulmus rhamnifolia
  • † Ulmus speciosa
• † Unuchinia
  • † Unuchinia asaphes – type locality for species
• † Ursolestes – type locality for genus
  • † Ursolestes perpetior – type locality for species
• Ursus

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• 

  A variety of modern Vaccinium species, clockwise from top right: cranberries, lingonberries, blueberries, and huckleberries

  † Vaccinium
  • † Vaccinium sophoroides
• † Valenopsalis
  • † Valenopsalis joyneri – type locality for species
• † Vauquelinia
  • † Vauquelinia coloradensis
  • † Vauquelinia coloradica
• † Viburnum
  • † Viburnum antiquorum
  • † Viburnum kraeuseli
• † Viguiera
  • † Viguiera cronquisti

• 

  Leaves and fruit of a living Vitis , or grapevine

  Vitis
  • † Vitis lobata
  • † Vitis muscadinioides
  • † Vitis olriki
  • † Vitis washingtonensis
• † Viverravus – tentative report

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• † Wilsoneumys

• 

  Living Woodwardia ferns

  † Woodwardia
  • † Woodwardia arctica
• † Wortmania – or unidentified comparable form

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• † Xyronomys

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• 

  Leaf of a living Zelkova tree

  Zelkova
  • † Zelkova drymeja
  • † Zelkova hesperia
  • † Zelkova krymeja
  • † Zelkova nervosa
  • † Zelkova oregoniana
  • † Zelkova planeroides
  • † Zelkova ungeri
• † Zeunerella – tentative report
  • † Zeunerella lewisi – type locality for species
• † Zygodactylus ^[3]
  • † Zygodactylus ochlurus – type locality for species ^[3]

References

1. Alexander B. Doweld (2019). "New names for Ilex and Ilexpollenites (Aquifoliaceae), extant and fossil. Notulae Systematicae ad Palaeofloram Europaeam spectantes II. Aquifoliaceae". Phytotaxa. 388 (2): 179–191. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.388.2.5.
2. Correa-Narvaez, J. E.; Manchester, S. R. (2021). "Distribution and Morphological Diversity of Palaeocarpinus (Betulaceae) from the Paleogene of the Northern Hemisphere". The Botanical Review. 88 (2): 161–203. doi:10.1007/s12229-021-09258-y. S2CID   237795532.
3. Tobin L. Hieronymus; David A. Waugh; Julia A. Clarke (2019). "A new zygodactylid species indicates the persistence of stem passerines into the early Oligocene in North America". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 19 (1): Article 3. doi: 10.1186/s12862-018-1319-6 . PMC   6321701 . PMID   30611195.

• Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database" . Retrieved December 17, 2021.