Metrolinx

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Metrolinx
Metrolinx 2017 logo.svg
Agency overview
FormedJune 22, 2006;18 years ago (2006-06-22) (as the Greater Toronto Transportation Authority)
Type Crown agency
Jurisdiction Government of Ontario
Headquarters Union Station
97 Front Street West
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Agency executives
  • Donald Wright, chair
  • Michael Lindsay, interim president and CEO
Child agencies
Key document
Website www.metrolinx.com

Metrolinx is a transportation agency in Ontario, Canada. It is a Crown agency that manages and integrates road and public transportation in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). It was created as the Greater Toronto Transportation Authority on June 22, 2006, and adopted its present name as a brand name in 2007 and eventually as the legal name in 2009. It is headquartered at Union Station in Toronto.

Contents

Metrolinx serves as the central procurement agency on behalf of Ontario municipalities for local transit vehicles, equipment and services. It is also responsible for operating the GO Transit system, the Presto card used across the GTHA and by OC Transpo in Ottawa and the Union Pearson Express airport rail link to Toronto Pearson International Airport. [1]

Metrolinx is also responsible for the construction of transit expansion projects worth nearly $30 billion in Toronto –including Line 5 Eglinton, the Ontario Line, the Line 1 subway extension into Richmond Hill in York Region, and the Line 2 extension  –following a 2020 agreement with the City of Toronto. [2]

History

Former Metrolinx logo on a GO Transit bus Metrolinx.jpg
Former Metrolinx logo on a GO Transit bus

The Greater Toronto Transportation Authority was created by legislation and introduced in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario on April 24, 2006. The bill was passed and received royal assent on June 22, 2006. In April 2007, a transition team seconded from the Ontario Public Service began work at the GTTA's headquarters at 20 Bay Street in Toronto.

On December 4, 2007, the GTTA adopted the name 'Metrolinx' for public use. At the same time, it launched a new web site, and released the first of its series of green papers on transportation issues, part of the process of creating the Regional Transportation Plan. From June 2008, Metrolinx began using a new logo in printed and electronic communications.

Timeline

Responsibilities

The Metrolinx Act, 2006, formerly known as the Greater Toronto Transportation Authority Act, 2006, describes two of Metrolinx's primary responsibilities as being: [41]

The Big Move regional transportation plan

The Big Move: Transforming Transportation in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area was one of Metrolinx's first deliverables. It is a Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) including a rolling five-year capital plan and Investment Strategy for the GTHA. The plan builds on 52 GO train, subway, light rail and bus rapid transit projects proposed by the Government of Ontario in its MoveOntario 2020 plan announced on June 15, 2007, and includes new projects to support them.

A draft version of the Big Move was provided to Metrolinx on September 26, 2008, and a final version was approved on November 27, 2008. [42]

Progress

Planning and construction is underway for some projects supporting the Regional Transportation Plan.

The three levels of government have provided $16 billion toward the first wave of projects, which are already underway. The next wave of projects were still in the planning phase at the time of the Big Move's release, and still subject to funding. Some of these projects have since attained approved funding, while others have not.

Funding investment strategy

The Metrolinx Investment Strategy, released in May 2013, proposes a series of 24 recommendations as part of a four-part plan to integrate transportation, growth and land use planning in the GTHA, maximize the value of public infrastructure investment, optimize system and network efficiencies, and dedicate new revenue sources for transit and transportation. These recommendations included revenue tools and policy recommendations. [43]

Metrolinx also advised that funds raised by all the new taxes would be put in a dedicated transportation trust fund, one that would be administered by a board separate from Metrolinx. [44]

The Investment Strategy was given to the government for consideration in 2013.

Current projects

As of May 2024, Metrolinx is managing the following public transit projects: [45]

TypeTransit serviceProjectStartEndDescription
Commuter rail
GO Expansion: two-way frequent electrified GO train service along portions of certain corridors [46] [47] Barrie line Aurora GO Station August 21, 2023
  • Second track to allow two-way train service to Aurora GO [48] [49] [50]
  • Construction of second platform
Bloor–Lansdowne GO Station February 2024November 2027
Bradford GO Station [54]
King City GO Station
  • Surface parking expansion and renovations [55] [56] [57]
  • New railway platform
  • Pedestrian bridge
Maple GO Station
  • Renovated and upgraded railway platforms [58]
  • Pedestrian tunnels under platforms
  • Expanded bus loop with tunnel connection
Rutherford GO Station July 11, 2022 [59]
  • Upgraded bus loop [60]
Corridor Improvements
Kitchener line Bramalea GO Station 2020May 15, 2023 [62]
  • New station building [63]
  • New parking lot
King–Liberty GO Station January 2024March 2028
St. Clair–Old Weston GO Station January 2024December 2028
Weston GO Station 2019
  • New railway platform [66]
  • New track through station limits
Corridor Improvements
Kitchener ExtensionMay 2022 [68]
Bloor GO Station
  • Underground pedestrian tunnel connecting Bloor GO/UP station with Dundas West [70]
Lakeshore East line Bowmanville Extension
East Harbour Transit Hub November 2022August 2028
Eglinton GO Station September 24, 2022Late 2024
Corridor Improvements
  • Grade separation
  • Maintenance and storage facilities (Whitby Rail Maintenance Facility, completed 2018)
  • Train layover facilities - Don Valley and Midland layover
  • Additional track
  • Electrification
Lakeshore West line Confederation GO Station October 11, 2022 [74] 2025 [75]
Long Branch GO Station December 2023 [77]
  • New entrance building and new tunnels for platform access [78] [79] [80]
Mimico GO Station 2022 [81] [82] [83]
  • Accessible routes to all platforms [84]
Niagara Extension
Corridor Improvements
  • Burloak Drive Grade Separation [88] [89]
  • Drury Lane Pedestrian Bridge
  • Electrification
Milton line Cooksville GO Station November 2, 2017September 3, 2022 [90]
Kipling Bus Terminal April 13, 2018 [93] May 20, 2021 [94] [95]
  • New bus terminal for GO Transit and MiWay [96]
Richmond Hill line Bloomington GO Station Sprint 2017 [97] June 28, 2021 [98]
Stouffville line Agincourt GO Station May 7, 2018September 21, 2023 [101]
  • New station building [102] [103]
  • Second platform
  • Second track
Finch–Kennedy GO Station October 2023August 2027
Milliken GO Station 2019September 2023 [105]
Old Elm GO Station October 27, 2023
Unionville GO Station May 31, 2022 [110]
  • 286 new parking spots [111] [112]
  • New island platform
  • Second track and turnaround track
Corridor Improvements
  • Grade separation [113]
  • Steeles Avenue East underpass
  • Second track between Kennedy GO and Unionville GO
  • Electrification
Union Station Union Station Enhancement ProjectJanuary 27, 2022Fall 2025 [114]
  • New passenger concourse to connect York, Bay and Via Rail concourses [115] [116]
  • New platforms [117]
  • Two new tracks
  • Storm water management system
Wilson Yard expansion
  • Don and Wilson Yards being combined into a single active rail yard [118]
Signalling system upgrade
Track enhancements
Rapid transit
Bus rapid transit Dundas Street bus rapid transit Expected: GO Transit, TTC, MiWay, Oakville Transit, Burlington Transit, Hamilton Street Railway
Durham–Scarborough bus rapid transit Expected: TTC, Durham Region Transit and GO Transit
Queen Street – Highway 7 Bus Transit
Light rail Line 5 Eglinton 2011Not announced [121]
Line 6 Finch West 2016Not announced [122]
Hamilton LRT
Hazel McCallion LRT 2020Not announced [123]
Subway Line 5 Eglinton westward extension July 2021
Ontario Line March 27, 20222031
Scarborough subway extension November 30, 2022
Yonge North subway extension

Operating divisions

GO Transit

GO Transit offers train and bus service across the GTHA. GO Transit collage.jpg
GO Transit offers train and bus service across the GTHA.

GO Transit is the inter-regional public transit system serving the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area and the Greater Golden Horseshoe. GO carries over 65 million passengers a year using an extensive network of train and bus services; rail service is provided by diesel locomotives pulling trains of unpowered double-deck passenger cars, while most bus service is provided by inter-city coaches.

Canada's first such public system, GO Transit began regular passenger service on May 23, 1967, under the auspices of the Ontario Ministry of Transportation. Over time it has been constituted in a variety of public-sector configurations, but it became an operating division of Metrolinx in 2009.

New and improved GO service is a top transit priority listed in the regional transportation plan. Since 2009, GO Transit has introduced seasonal train service to Barrie and Niagara Falls, [130] [131] extended service to Kitchener and Lake Simcoe, [132] [133] opened four new stations at Acton, Guelph Central, Allandale Waterfront, and Hamilton West Harbour. [134] [133] Since June 2013, GO Trains along the Lakeshore rail lines run every 30 minutes, making the biggest expansion in GO Transit history. [25]

Union Pearson Express

A Metrolinx Union Pearson Express train at Toronto Union Station Metrolinx UPX train at Toronto Union Station.jpg
A Metrolinx Union Pearson Express train at Toronto Union Station

The Union Pearson Express (UP Express) airport rail link service began operation on June 6, 2015, linking Union Station in downtown Toronto with Pearson International Airport in the city of Mississauga, roughly 23.3 km (14.5 mi) away. The trains run every fifteen minutes, seven days a week, and are predicted to eliminate 1.5 million car trips annually. The duration of this trip is approximately 25 minutes.

The line uses a Metrolinx-owned railway rail corridor now used by GO Transit, as part of the Georgetown South Project to allow for additional train traffic. The UP Express shares the same path as trains on the Kitchener line, before splitting off onto a separate subdivision just west of the Etobicoke North Station. It stops at the existing Bloor and Weston GO Stations.

Presto

The Presto card allows seamless fare payment between different public transit agencies. Presto Card.png
The Presto card allows seamless fare payment between different public transit agencies.
A Presto card reader in a Toronto Transit Commission bus Presto Card Reader.jpg
A Presto card reader in a Toronto Transit Commission bus

The Presto card, originally known as the GTA Farecard, is a smartcard-based fare payment system for public transit systems in Ontario, including those in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area and Ottawa. The Presto system is designed to support the use of one common farecard for fare payment on various public transit systems, through electronic readers that calculate the correct fare and deduct it from a preloaded balance.

Presto will also centralize its operational logistics, such as farecard procurement, reporting services, and a customer call centre. The system was trialled from June 25, 2007, to September 30, 2008. Full implementation began in November 2009. It will be rolled out across the province in stages. Presto now serves over a million customers in the GTHA and Ottawa.

By January 2017, Presto had been fully implemented on the following 11 transit systems:

Other programs

Smart Commute is a program that, with the support of local municipalities, endeavours to fight climate change by reducing traffic congestion and increasing transit efficiency. Employers and employees in the GTHA can explore and have assistance with different commuting options, such as carpooling, transit, cycling, walking, remote work, and flextime. The program is delivered through local transportation management associations. [135]

Originally conducted under the Ontario Ministry of Transportation in 2006, the Transit Procurement Initiative involves Metrolinx assisting municipal transit operators with the procurement of vehicles, equipment, technologies, facilities and related supplies. The goal of the program is to reduce per unit cost, increase unit quality, and provide an open and transparent procurement process for municipal transit operators. To date, the program has supported 21 municipalities and transit agencies, has purchased over 400 buses, and has saved an estimated $5 million. [136]

Metrolinx also seeks partnerships with individuals and the community, and offers financial support for proposed projects that support transit. [137]

Smart Commute includes various programs for commuters, including carpool ride-matching, walking and cycling, and teleworking programs.

In July 2015, a $4.9 million plan was announced to double the size of Bike Share Toronto by 2016. [138] The bicycles and docking stations will be owned by Metrolinx, while the system will continue to be operated by the Toronto Parking Authority. [139]

In 2021, Metrolinx dropped its hydrail program. [140]

Criticism

Metrolinx has been criticized for not having enough executive power in planning transit outside of municipal politics, despite being established to take political delay out of transportation planning. [141] After Rob Ford was elected mayor of Toronto in December 2010, he declared Transit City, the provincially funded transit expansion plan of light rail lines, dead. These lines were a large component of Metrolinx's 2008 Big Move. [142] Metrolinx was again criticized when, in January 2012, its CEO declared that it would bend to what Toronto City Council wanted regarding how the Eglinton-Scarborough Crosstown LRT line should be built. The issue centred on whether the more suburban stretches of the line, from Laird Drive to Kennedy Station, should be built at street level instead of a more costly underground alignment. [143] Metrolinx was criticized after a Toronto Star investigation found that the agency has approved two transit stations, Kirby and Lawrence East, for the GO Regional Express Rail expansion due to political pressure from the Ministry of Transportation. Kirby is in the Vaughan riding of the then-transportation minister, Steven Del Duca, and Lawrence East in Scarborough is part of Toronto mayor John Tory's "SmartTrack" plan, his signature campaign promise. Both stations were not recommended to be constructed in the near term by an external consultant, AECOM, hired by Metrolinx. However, they were both shortlisted to begin construction. [144] [145] Ontario's auditor general found that Metrolinx incurred about $436 million "in sunk and additional" – unrecoverable – costs between 2009 and 2018 due to numerous changes in transit plans. [146]

In Ottawa, where Metrolinx is only involved in fare collection, Jim Watson, the former mayor of Ottawa, has criticized Metrolinx for wanting to increase the fee it collects from 2% to 10%, and characterized it as a monopoly. [147] [148]

Governance

Metrolinx used to be governed by a board consisting of various appointees from the Ontario government and the regions within the GTHA. After the passage of the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area Transit Implementation Act, 2009 merging Metrolinx and GO Transit, the Metrolinx board structure was changed, with politicians specifically prohibited from serving. [149]

The Metrolinx president and CEO is Phil Verster, who also serves as a member of the board of directors. [150] Verster resigned on December 2, 2024, and will be replaced by interim president and CEO Michael Lindsay. [151]

Metrolinx's board of directors is composed of not more than 15 persons (including the CEO) appointed by the Ontario's lieutenant governor on the recommendation of the Ontario Minister of Transportation. [152] As of January 2018, the chair was Donald Wright. [153] [154]

List of Metrolinx presidents and CEOs
President and CEOFromUntilNote
Robert MacIsaac2006 [155] 2009 [156] Chair
Robert Prichard 2009 [157] September 2010
Bruce McCuaigSeptember 2010 [158] April 2017 [159]
John JensenApril 2017September 2017 [160] Interim CEO
Phil VersterOctober 2017 [161] December 2024 [162]
Michael LindsayDecember 2024 [163] (incumbent)Interim CEO

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GO Transit</span> Regional public transit system in Ontario

GO Transit is a regional public transit system serving the Greater Golden Horseshoe region of Ontario, Canada. With its hub at Union Station in Toronto, GO Transit's green-and-white trains and buses serve a population of more than seven million across an area over 11,000 square kilometres (4,200 sq mi) stretching from Kitchener in the west to Peterborough in the east, and from Barrie in the north to Niagara Falls in the south. In 2023, the system had a ridership of 56,036,900. GO Transit operates diesel-powered double-decker trains and coach buses, on routes that connect with all local and some long-distance inter-city transit services in its service area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lakeshore West line</span> Commuter rail line serving Toronto, Canada

Lakeshore West is one of the seven train lines of the GO Transit system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. It extends from Union Station in Toronto to Hamilton, along the shore of Lake Ontario. Some train trips extend past Hamilton to St. Catharines and Niagara Falls.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kitchener line</span> Passenger rail service in Southern Ontario, Canada

Kitchener is one of the seven train lines of the GO Transit system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. It extends westward from Union Station in Toronto to Kitchener, though most trains originate and terminate in Brampton in off-peak hours.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barrie line</span> Commuter rail line in Ontario, Canada

Barrie is one of the seven train lines of the GO Transit system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. It extends from Union Station in Toronto in a generally northward direction to Barrie, and includes ten stations along its 101.4 kilometres (63.0 mi) route. From 1982 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 2007, it was known as the Bradford line, named after its former terminus at Bradford GO Station until the opening of Barrie South GO Station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Richmond Hill line</span> Commuter rail service in Ontario, Canada

Richmond Hill is one of the seven train lines of the GO Transit system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. It operates between Union Station in Toronto to Bloomington GO Station in the north in Richmond Hill. Trains on the line operate only during weekday peak hours, while off-peak weekday times are served by the GO bus route 61.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Stouffville line</span> Commuter rail line serving Toronto, Canada

Stouffville is one of the seven train lines of the GO Transit system in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. Its southern terminus is Union Station in Toronto, and its northern terminus is Old Elm in Whitchurch-Stouffville. There are connections from almost every station to Toronto Transit Commission or York Region Transit bus services.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lakeshore East line</span> Railway line in Ontario, Canada


Lakeshore East is one of the seven commuter rail lines of GO Transit in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada. It extends from Union Station in Toronto to Oshawa GO in Durham Region. Buses from Oshawa connect to communities further east in Newcastle, Bowmanville and Peterborough.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MiWay</span> Public transport agency serving Mississauga, Ontario, Canada

MiWay, also known as Mississauga Transit and originally as Mississauga Transit Systems, is the municipal public transport agency serving Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, and is responsible to the city's Transportation and Works Department. MiWay services consist of two types of bus routes: MiLocal, local buses that make frequent stops, and MiExpress, express buses between major destinations. MiWay is the primary operator along the Mississauga Transitway, a dedicated east–west bus-only roadway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Union Pearson Express</span> Airport rail link in Ontario, Canada

The Union Pearson Express is an airport rail link connecting Union Station in Downtown Toronto to Toronto Pearson International Airport. The UP Express began operation on 6 June 2015, in time for the 2015 Pan American Games. The UP Express travels between Union and Pearson in 25 minutes departing every 15 minutes, seven days a week. At the launch announcement, it was stated that the UP Express was projected to carry 2.35 million passengers annually and eliminate approximately 1.2 million car trips in the first year. As of 2019, it carried 4.5 million passengers annually.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Agincourt GO Station</span> GO Transit railway station in Ontario, Canada

Agincourt GO Station is a GO Transit railway station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The Stouffville line station serves the Agincourt neighbourhood of the former suburb of Scarborough.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Presto card</span> Contactless smart card fare system in Ontario, Canada

The Presto card is a contactless smart card automated fare collection system used on participating public transit systems in the province of Ontario, Canada, specifically in Greater Toronto, Hamilton, and Ottawa. Presto card readers were implemented on a trial basis from 25 June 2007 to 30 September 2008. Full implementation began in November 2009 and it was rolled out across rapid transit stations, railway stations, bus stops and terminals, and transit vehicles on eleven different transit systems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The Big Move</span> 2008 regional transportation plan for the Greater Toronto Area

The Big Move is the regional transportation plan (RTP) published by Metrolinx for the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) in Ontario, Canada. It makes specific recommendations for transit projects, resulting from seven "green papers" and two "white papers" released for public discussion. A draft RTP was released alongside draft investment strategy in September 2008. After a series of stakeholder consultations and public meetings, the final RTP was approved and published by Metrolinx on 28 November 2008.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Transit City</span> Proposed Toronto public transit plan

Transit City was a plan for developing public transport in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It was first proposed and announced on 16 March 2007 by Toronto mayor David Miller and Toronto Transit Commission (TTC) chair Adam Giambrone. The plan called for the construction of seven new light rail lines along the streets of seven priority transit corridors, which would have eventually been integrated with existing rapid transit, streetcar, and bus routes. Other transit improvements outlined in the plan included upgrading and extending the Scarborough RT line, implementing new bus rapid transit lines, and improving frequency and timing of 21 key bus routes. The plan integrated public transportation objectives outlined in the City of Toronto Official Plan, the TTC Ridership Growth Strategy and Miller's 2006 election platform.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Line 6 Finch West</span> Under construction light rail line in Toronto, Ontario

Line 6 Finch West, also known as the Finch West LRT, is a light rail transit line under construction in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, to be operated by the Toronto Transit Commission. The 10.3-kilometre (6.4 mi), 18-stop line is to extend from Finch West station on Line 1 Yonge–University to the North Campus of Humber Polytechnic in Etobicoke. The line will operate in a dedicated above-ground right-of-way, much of it within Finch Avenue, segregated from street traffic. The line will use transit signal priority and standard gauge rather than the broad Toronto gauge. The line is forecast to carry about 14.6 million rides a year or 40,000 a day by 2031 and will replace the 36B Finch West bus route, which is one of the three busiest bus routes in Toronto. In 2023, Line 6 was expected to open within the first half of 2024, with an estimated cost of CA$2.5 billion. In early December 2024, Councillor Jamaal Myers, chairman of the TTC board, stated that the TTC did not expect Line 6 to open before June 2025 at the earliest. Metrolinx, the project owner, has not announced an opening date.

GO Transit is an interregional public transit system in Southern Ontario, Canada, operated by the provincial crown agency Metrolinx. It primarily serves the conurbation referred to by Metrolinx as the "Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area" (GTHA) with operations extending to several communities in the area centred around Toronto and Hamilton.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gormley GO Station</span> Railway station in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada

Gormley GO Station is a train and bus station in the GO Transit network located in Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada, serving Oak Ridges and the Whitchurch–Stouffville community of Gormley. It was the terminus of the Richmond Hill line train service from when it opened on 5 December 2016 until 28 June 2021, when the line was extended north to Bloomington GO Station.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West Harbour GO Station</span> Railway station in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

West Harbour GO Station is a regional rail station in the North End neighbourhood of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The station has been served by GO Transit's Lakeshore West line since July 9, 2015. There is hourly service between West Harbour and Toronto's Union Station, seven days a week. Via Rail service may eventually be provided.

The Big Move is a regional transportation plan (RTP) published in 2008 and consisting of 62 rapid transit projects to be implemented across the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA). These rapid transit projects are intended to form a seamlessly integrated regional rapid transit network, which is the first priority action in the regional transportation plan. These projects form two long-term templates with 15 and 25 year horizons. These templates outline broad projects; specific details about technology, alignment, stations and service levels for each project are subsequently determined though a cost–benefit analysis or an environmental assessment process.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GO Expansion</span> Canadian rail expansion project

GO Expansion, previously known as GO Regional Express Rail (RER), is a project to improve GO Transit train service by adding all-day, two-way service to the inner portions of the Barrie line, Kitchener line and the Stouffville line, and by increasing frequency of train service on various lines to every 15 minutes or better on five of the corridors. This would be achieved with the electrification of at least part of the Lakeshore East line, Lakeshore West line, Barrie line, Kitchener line and Stouffville line. GO Expansion is one of the Big Move rapid transit projects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">GO Transit rail services</span> Services provided by GO Transit

GO Transit rail services are provided throughout the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) and the Greater Golden Horseshoe. The GO Transit rail fleet consists of 90 MPI MP40 locomotives and 979 Bombardier BiLevel Coaches. In 2023, the system had a ridership of 40,807,100 passengers per year. GO Transit started on May 23, 1967, running single-deck trains powered by diesel locomotives in push-pull configuration on a single rail line along Lake Ontario's shoreline. When GO trains began operation, they ran on tracks mostly owned the two major freight railways of Canada: Canadian National (CN) and CPKC. Over time, GO Transit have acquired tracks, ensuring GO Transit has control over track maintenance and expansion. Metrolinx currently owns 80% of the GO's rail corridors.

References

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  2. ↑ Fox, Chris (February 14, 2020). "Toronto signs preliminary agreement with province for $30B transit plan". Toronto. Retrieved March 22, 2021.
  3. ↑ "Metrolinx – Metrolinx announces Big Purchase of Buses". Newswire.ca. Archived from the original on April 13, 2014.
  4. ↑ Bill 163, Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area Transit Implementation Act, 2009 Archived June 11, 2011, at the Wayback Machine , Legislative Assembly of Ontario website, accessed April 1, 2009
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  6. ↑ "GO Transit acquires important CN rail line for expanded commuter rail service in the Greater Toronto Area". Toronto.on.ca.
  7. ↑ "Newsroom : First GO Train Arrives In Niagara Falls". News.ontario.ca.
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  11. ↑ "Metrolinx and York Region award two contracts
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  13. ↑ "Welcome to New Flyer!". Newflyer.com. Archived from the original on April 13, 2014.
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  33. ↑ "Free WiFi Coming To 22 More GO Stations". Metrolinx.com.
  34. ↑ "Metrolinx Expanding Section of Stouffville GO Line to Get Region Moving". Metrolinx.com.
  35. ↑ "Metrolinx Expanding Barrie GO Line to Get Region Moving". Metrolinx.com.
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  44. ↑ Torontoist (May 28, 2013). "Can the Metrolinx Investment Strategy Succeed?". Torontoist.com.
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