Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron One

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Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron One
AllegianceFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg United States
BranchFlag of the United States Navy (1864-1959).svg  United States Navy
Operating Base Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base
Midway Atoll
Adak Island
Equipment PT boats
Engagements Attack on Pearl Harbor
Battle of Midway
Aleutian campaign
Commanders
CommanderLieutenant William C. Specht 1941
A PBY Seaplane with VPB-61 taxiing past two PT boats in the Aleutians in September 1943 PBY two PT boats Aleutians, September 1943.jpg
A PBY Seaplane with VPB-61 taxiing past two PT boats in the Aleutians in September 1943
PT-42 at a fueling dock at Pearl Harbor USS PT-42 at a fueling dock at Pearl Harbor, April 1944. YO-44 is on the opposite side of the pier.jpg
PT-42 at a fueling dock at Pearl Harbor
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hornet (CV-8) off Pearl Harbor after the Doolittle Raid on Japan, 30 April 1942. PT-28 and PT-29 in the foreground USS Hornet with PT-28 and PT-29.jpg
The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier USS Hornet (CV-8) off Pearl Harbor after the Doolittle Raid on Japan, 30 April 1942. PT-28 and PT-29 in the foreground

Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron One (MTBRon 1) was a World War II United States Navy PT boat squadron based at Naval Base Hawaii's Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base on 7 December 1941 during the Attack on Pearl Harbor. It was commanded by Lieutenant Lt. Comdr. William C. Specht and made up of 12 PT boats. After Pearl Harbor, MTBRon 1 was sent to Midway Atoll and took part in the Battle of Midway. [1] [2] MTBRon 1 was then sent to take part in the Aleutian campaign. MTBRon 1 was commissioned 24 July 1940 and decommissioned 9 February 1945. [3] [4] [5]

Contents

History

In April 1940 the US Navy designed the idea of PT boat squadrons. PT boat squadrons would have 12 boats each with its own commanding officer. The PT boat captain, called officers-in-charge and the boat's crew in the squadron would move from boat to boat within their squadron, depending on availability of boats and crews. Boats could be transferred from squadron to squadron as needed based on need and losses. A total of 690 PT boats were built between 7 December 1941, and 1 October 1945. The PT boats were put in 43 Motor Torpedo Boat Squadrons. [6] Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron one originally was made up of experimental boats: PT-1, PT-2, PT-3, PT-4, PT-5, PT-6, PT-7, PT-8, and PT-9. After these early prototype boats had been tested and evaluated, MTBRon 1 boats were replace with new 77-foot Elco Naval Division PT boats. At the outbreak of World War II between the United States and Imperial Japan on 7 December 1941, the squadron one was at the Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base. [7] Of the 12 PT boats at the base, six were at the dock S-13, in Magazine Loch, next to the Pearl Harbor Submarine Base. The other six were at dock B-12 being loaded on the replenishment oiler USS Ramapo to be taken to Naval Base Philippines. [1] A Naval Yard crane was being used to load the boats onto Ramapo. Squadron one personnel were completing breakfast on a submarine barge YR-20. YR-20 was being used as PT boat tender for squadron one. PT boats were moored on the side of and ahead of the barge in three nests of two each. YR-20 was at Berth S-13, at the Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base. At that time the PT boats used the same torpedoes as the submarines, so the PT Boat base shared space with the Submarine Base. At the 7 December 1941 attack the six PT boats at the Pearl Harbor PT Boat Base were: PT-20, PT-21, PT-22, PT-23, PT-24, and PT-25. As the attack began PT Boats were the first to use their anti-aircraft guns to shoot at the attacking planes. Of the six boats on or being loading on to Ramapo, PT-26, PT-27, PT-28, PT-29, PT-30 and PT-42, were able to shot at the attacking Val bomber, Kate and A6M Zero. [1] The air compressors one each boat had to be start as compressed air is need to operated the two twin .50 caliber turrets on each PT boat. Squadron One Duty Officer in the attack was Ens. N. E. Ball. In the attack, Joy Van Zyll de Jong was credited with assisting in the shooting down of one enemy torpedo plane. George B. Huffman, TM1c was credited with assisting in the shooting down of one enemy torpedo plane with PT-23. [4] [5] The 12 PT Boats fired over 4,000 rounds at the attack planes. PT-23 shot down the first Mitsubishi A6M Zero in the attack. After the attack some of the boats did anti-submarine patrols in and out of Pearl Harbor. The Philippines fell to Japan so the 12 PT Boats were not sent to the Philippines. In May 1942 under their own power they were sent to help defend Midway Atoll, a 1,385 mile trip. On the way PT-23 broke down with a broken a crankshaft and returned to Pearl Harbor for repair. PT Boats have a range of about 500 miles, so MTBRon 1 stopped for refueling at Necker Island, French Frigate Shoals, and Lisianski Island. [8] [8] [9] [1]
For the Battle of Midway (4–7 June 1942), MTBRon 1 performed anti-aircraft support. PT-21 and PT-22 were credited with shooting down an A6M Zero fighter plane. MTBRon 1 was assigned Midway Island perimeter patrol. MTBRon 1 also acted as crash boats and doing sea rescue, rescuing downed pilots. Lieutenant Clinton McKellar Jr. was in command of MTBRon 1 for the Battle of Midway, with a base on Sand Island. PT-29 and PT-30 were assigned to Kure Atoll, 55 miles west of Midway. After the battle, on 15 July 1942, MTBRon 1 returned to Pearl Harbor. [10] [11] [2]
MTBRon 1 with just PT Boats: PT-22, PT-24, PT-27, and PT-28 were send to Adak Island to took part the Aleutian campaign starting in July 1942. The PT boat base was at Finger Bay on Adak Island. At Adak Island was US Navy Base, an airfield, replenishment facilities, a hospital, seaplane base in Andrew Lagoon, a port at Sweeper Cove, and recreational center. [2] [12] [7] [1]

Squadron One commanders

Assigned PT boats

Prototype PT boats

Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron one was commissioned July 24, 1940 from new types of prototype PT boats. [3] The Prototype PT boats came from a PT Boat design competition. Two design proposals were picked to be tested 54-foot and 70-foot PT boats. There were wood and aluminium hull designs. The PT boats were built by Miami Shipbuilding in Miami, Florida, Fisher Boatworks in Detroit, Michigan, Higgins Industries in New Orleans and Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in Philadelphia and Hubert Scott-Paine-British Power Boat Company in the Hythe, Hampshire, United Kingdom (used by Electric Launch Company). [32] The Boats were tested in a Plywood Derby by Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 1 and Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 2. The Plywood Derby testing at New London Harbor in July 1941 included Higgins PT-6; Philadelphia Navy Yard PT-8; Elco PT-20, PT-26, PT-30, PT-31; Huckins PT-33, PT-69; and Higgins PT-70, as the shorter 54-foot boats were determined to be too small for use. By April 1941 Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 1 report that the PT-6, the 81-foot Higgins Boat was the best of the prototype PT boats. Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 1 prototype PT boats were replaced with Elco PT boats from 21 June 1941 to 13 August 1941. [33] [34]

Prototype PT boats
BoatLength
feet		BuilderUS Navy
Delivery date		Fate - Notes
PT-158 Miami Shipbuilding Nov. 1941Prototype, not used in MTBRon 1. Wet Dream, later "Small Boat" C6083, training craft and ervice launch at Melville PT Center [35]
PT-258Miami ShipbuildingNov. 1941Prototype, not used in MTBRon 1, later C6084, service launch at Naval Station Newport
PT-3 58 Fisher Boatworks June 1940July 24, 1940 Prototype, to Britain in 1941 as MTB-273,Bras D'Or in Canada, now at Flanigan Brothers Boatyard, Fairton, New Jersey for restoration. [36]
PT-458Fisher BoatworksJune 1940Prototype, Old Faithful & Get In Step then to Britain in 1941 as MTB 274 [37]
PT-581 Higgins Industries March 1941Prototype March 17, 1941, to Britain April 19, 1941 as MTB-269, Abadik in Canada, then yacht Gloria in 1948. Won [38]
PT-681 Higgins Industries Feb. 1941Prototype March 6, 1941 Prime, to Britain July 29, 1941 as MTB-270 [39]
PT-781 Philadelphia NSY April 1941Prototype (aluminum, not wood) November 20, 1940, to Britain July 19, 1941. as MTB-271, Banoskik in Canada [40]
PT-881Philadelphia NSYApril 1941Prototype (aluminum, not wood) October 29, 1940, Squadron 2, August 13, 1941, classed as YP-110, District Patrol Craft in October 1941, Sold June 2008 in Franklin, Louisiana [41]
PT-9 81 Scott-Paine June 1940First Prototype July 24, 1940, Transferred to Squadron 2, November 8, 1940, to Britain 1940 as MTB 258, V-264 and S-09 in Canada 1942, scrapped 1946. Won. [42]

Surviving boats

PT-3 in July 1940 back boat built by Fisher Boatworks, (PT-9 in front) PT-3 in July 1940-PT-9.jpg
PT-3 in July 1940 back boat built by Fisher Boatworks, (PT-9 in front)
PT-8 Underway in 1941, built by Philadelphia Navy Yard PT-8 Underway in 1941.jpeg
PT-8 Underway in 1941, built by Philadelphia Navy Yard

Of the PT boats in Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron One only two have survived Boats. At the end of the war PT boats were not needed and they used vast amount of fuel, so almost all were scrapped at the end of the war. PT-3 and PT-8 two of Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron One prototype PT boats have survived. PT-3 and PT-8 were part of the PT Boat design competition and PT-8 was part of the Plywood Derby, with PT-3 at 58-feet long was not put in the Plywood Derby. [33] [34]

PT-3

PT-8

See also

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References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 Kilmer, David (November 18, 2011). Daughters of Infamy: The Stories of the Ships That Survived Pearl Harbor. iUniverse. pp. 193–195. ISBN   9781462062522.
    2. 1 2 3 Barbin, Harold L. (November 23, 2010). Beachheads Secured Volume I: The History of Patrol Torpedo (PT) Boats, Their Bases, and Tenders of World War II June 1939-August 31, 1945. Xlibris Corporation. p. 400. ISBN   9781450003643.
    3. 1 2 3 "HyperWar: At Close Quarters [Appendix A]". www.ibiblio.org.
    4. 1 2 "HyperWar: At Close Quarters [Part I]". www.ibiblio.org.
    5. 1 2 "Motor Torpedo Squadron One Action Report". public1.nhhcaws.local.
    6. ↑ "Motor Torpedo Boat Photo Archive". www.navsource.org.
    7. 1 2 PT-20 navsource.org
    8. 1 2 Bulkley, Robert Johns (1962). Bulkley. p. 79.
    9. ↑ ni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/2014/october/navys-gallant-sentries The Navy's Gallant Sentries usni.org
    10. ↑ "Midway Plan of the Day Notes". public2.nhhcaws.local.
    11. ↑ The Battle of Midway Including the Aleutian Phase (PDF). U.S. Naval War College. 1948. p. 120. Meanwhile, at 1920 CNAS Midway decided to employ his motor torpedo boats as an attack squadron and sent a squadron of nine MTB's from Midway and two MTB's from Kure Island to attack the task force containing the burning carriers. They were unable to locate the target. With the coming of daylight they commenced their return to Midway.
    12. ↑ PT Boats At Pearl Harbor On 7 December 1941'ptboatworld.com]
    13. ↑ "PT-20". www.navsource.org.
    14. ↑ "PT-21". www.navsource.org.
    15. ↑ "PT-22". www.navsource.org.
    16. ↑ "PT-23". www.navsource.org.
    17. ↑ "PT-24". www.navsource.org.
    18. ↑ "PT-25". www.navsource.org.
    19. ↑ "PT-26". www.navsource.org.
    20. ↑ "PT-27". www.navsource.org.
    21. ↑ "PT-28". www.navsource.org.
    22. ↑ "PT-29". www.navsource.org.
    23. ↑ "PT-30". www.navsource.org.
    24. ↑ "PT-42". www.navsource.org.
    25. ↑ "PT-31". www.navsource.org.
    26. ↑ "PT-33". www.navsource.org.
    27. ↑ "PT-35". www.navsource.org.
    28. ↑ "PT-37". www.navsource.org.
    29. ↑ "PT-39". www.navsource.org.
    30. 1 2 "PT-41". www.navsource.org.
    31. ↑ "PT-43". www.navsource.org.
    32. ↑ "Torpedo Boats PT BPT WWII".
    33. 1 2 Museum, Mystic Seaport (March 28, 2017). "The Plywood Derby". Mystic Seaport Museum.
    34. 1 2 "The Plywood Derby: The Birth of the PT Boat". May 12, 2022 – via YouTube.
    35. ↑ "PT-1". www.navsource.org.
    36. 1 2 "PT-3". www.navsource.org.
    37. ↑ "PT-4". www.navsource.org.
    38. ↑ "PT-5". www.navsource.org.
    39. ↑ "PT-6 (2)". www.navsource.org.
    40. ↑ "PT-7". www.navsource.org.
    41. 1 2 "YP". www.navsource.org.
    42. ↑ "PT-9". www.navsource.org.

    Bibliography

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