Mount Erebus (Canada)

Last updated
Mount Erebus
Mount Erebus and Outpost Peak.jpg
Mount Erebus behind outlier Outpost Peak
Highest point
Elevation 3,112 m (10,210 ft) [1]
Prominence 722 m (2,369 ft) [1]
Parent peak Mount Fraser (3313 m) [1]
Listing Mountains of Alberta
Coordinates 52°37′58″N118°16′02″W / 52.63278°N 118.26722°W / 52.63278; -118.26722 [1]
Geography
Canada Alberta relief location map - transverse mercator proj.svg
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Mount Erebus
Location in Alberta
Canada relief map 2.svg
Red triangle with thick white border.svg
Mount Erebus
Mount Erebus (Canada)
Location Jasper National Park
Alberta, Canada
Parent range Park Ranges
Canadian Rockies
Topo map NTS 83D9 Amethyst Lakes
Geology
Age of rock Cambrian
Type of rock Sedimentary rock
Climbing
First ascent 1924 by L. Coolidge, G. Higginsnon, J.E. Johnson, A. Streich [1]

Mount Erebus is a 3,112-metre (10,210-foot) mountain summit located near the Tonquin Valley of Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. Mount Erebus is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Cambrian period, then was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny. [2] Its nearest higher peak is Mount Fraser, 4.0 km (2.5 mi) to the northwest. [1] The Continental Divide lies 3 km (1.9 mi) to the west, Angle Peak is situated 4.5 km (2.8 mi) to the southeast, and The Ramparts are 5.0 km (3.1 mi) to the north. The mountain's north ridge terminates at Outpost Peak.

Contents

History

The mountain's name was applied in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland (1878–1948), a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. [3] Bridgland was impressed with the dark colored cliffs of the northeast face of the mountain. [1] The Greek word for darkness is erebus. [4] [5] Bridgland would have also known about HMS Erebus and Franklin's lost expedition. [1] The mountain is located at the west margin of the Tonquin Valley, which is also named for another ill-fated ship, Tonquin.

The first ascent of the mountain was made in 1924 by L. Coolidge, G. Higginsnon, J. E. Johnson, and guide A. Streich. [1]

The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1935 when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. [6]

Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Erebus is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. [7] Temperatures can drop below −20 °C (−4 °F) with wind chill factors below −30 °C (−22 °F). This climate supports the Fraser Glacier on the northwest slope, and the Eremite Glacier on the northeast slope. In terms of favorable weather, July and August present the best months for climbing. Precipitation runoff from Mount Erebus drains into the Astoria River and Whirlpool River, both tributaries of the Athabasca River.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bastion Peak (Canada)</span> Mountain in the country of Canada

Bastion Peak is a 2,994 meter mountain summit located on the shared border of Jasper National Park in Alberta, and Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. It is situated in the Tonquin Valley in the Canadian Rockies. It was named in 1916 by Édouard-Gaston Deville because it has an appearance similar to that of a bastion on a castle. Its nearest higher peak is Turret Mountain, 1.6 km (0.99 mi) to the west, and its greater parent is Mount Geikie 3 km (1.9 mi) to the west.

Dungeon Peak is a 3,129-metre (10,266 ft) mountain summit located on the shared border of Jasper National Park in Alberta, and Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Dungeon Peak is part of The Ramparts in the Tonquin Valley. The descriptive name was applied in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland (1878-1948), a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was made official in 1935 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Angle Peak (Alberta)</span> Mountain in Jasper NP, Alberta, Canada

Angle Peak is a 2,910-metre (9,547 ft) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. Angle Peak was named for the fact it stands where the ridge makes a bend. The descriptive name was applied in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland (1878-1948), a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was made official in 1935 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. The mountain is situated in the Tonquin Valley, with Angle Glacier on its north slope, Alcove Mountain to its immediate west, The Ramparts 10 km (6.2 mi) to the northwest, and Mount Edith Cavell 12 km (7.5 mi) to the northeast.

Mount Cumnock is a 2,438 m (7,999 ft) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park of Alberta, Canada. It is situated in the De Smet Range of the Canadian Rockies. Mount Cumnock was named in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland after Cumnock, in Scotland. Bridgland (1878-1948) was a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1956 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Haultain, 7.5 km (4.7 mi) to the west.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gargoyle Mountain</span> Mountain in Alberta, Canada

Gargoyle Mountain is a 2,693-metre (8,835-foot) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The peak is situated 23 kilometres north of the municipality of Jasper, and is a prominent landmark in the Athabasca Valley visible from Highway 16 and The Canadian. Its nearest higher peak is Cliff Mountain, 5.5 km (3.4 mi) to the west. Gargoyle Mountain was named in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland for the fact a stream heads at the mountain, like a gargoyle or spout. Bridgland (1878-1948) was a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1956 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Grisette Mountain</span> Mountain in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada

Grisette Mountain is a 2,620-metre (8,600 ft) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. It is located in the Colin Range, which is a sub-range of the Canadian Rockies. The peak is situated 14 km (8.7 mi) northeast of the municipality of Jasper, and is a prominent landmark in the Athabasca Valley visible from Highway 16 and the Canadian. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Dromore, 2.4 km (1.5 mi) to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Tekarra</span> Mountain in the country of Canada

Mount Tekarra is a 2,694-metre (8,839-foot) mountain summit located in the Athabasca River valley of Jasper National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. It is situated at the northwest end of the Maligne Range and is visible from Jasper and the Icefields Parkway. The nearest higher neighbor is The Watchtower, 7.0 km (4.3 mi) to the east.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hawk Mountain (Alberta)</span> Mountain in Canada

Hawk Mountain is a 2,553-metre (8,376-foot) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. It is located near the northwest end of the Colin Range, which is a sub-range of the Canadian Rockies. The peak is situated 16 km (9.9 mi) northeast of the municipality of Jasper, and is a prominent landmark in the Athabasca Valley visible from Highway 16 and the Canadian. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Colin, 2.4 km (1.5 mi) to the southeast. Hawk Mountain was named in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland for the fact that a hawk was flying near the summit at the time it was named. Bridgland (1878-1948) was a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1956 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Esplanade Mountain</span>

Esplanade Mountain is a 2,301-metre (7,549-foot) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park, in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The peak is situated 20 kilometres north of the municipality of Jasper, in the Athabasca Valley and is visible from Highway 16 and the Canadian. Its nearest higher peak is Cliff Mountain, 5.0 km (3.1 mi) to the west. Esplanade Mountain was named in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland for its long, flat top resembling an esplanade. Bridgland (1878-1948) was a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1956 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Morro Peak</span> Mountain in Canada

Morro Peak is a small 1,679-metre (5,509-foot) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. It is located at the northwest end of the Colin Range, which is a sub-range of the Canadian Rockies. The peak is situated 17 km (11 mi) north of the municipality of Jasper, and is a prominent landmark in the Athabasca Valley visible from Highway 16 and the Canadian. The nearest higher peak is Hawk Mountain, 4.0 km (2.5 mi) to the southeast. Morro Peak was named in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland for the Spanish word morro, meaning rounded hill, which is an apt description of it. Bridgland (1878-1948) was a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1956 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manx Peak</span> Mountain in Alberta, Canada

Manx Peak is a 3,044-metre (9,987 ft) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park, in the Trident Range of the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The town of Jasper is situated 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) to the north-northeast. Circus Valley lies at the south side of the mountain, and the northeast aspect towers above the head of the valley of Whistlers Creek. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Estella, 1.8 km (1.1 mi) to the southwest, and Terminal Mountain lies 2.0 km (1.2 mi) to the east. The peak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down from the Precambrian to the Jurassic periods and pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Geikie (Canada)</span>

Mount Geikie, pronounced like "geeky", is a 3,298-metre (10,820-foot) mountain summit located in Mount Robson Provincial Park in British Columbia, Canada. Situated 28 km (17 mi) southwest of Jasper near the Tonquin Valley, Mount Geikie is the highest peak of The Ramparts in the Canadian Rockies, one of the most beautiful mountain meccas in the world. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Fraser, 8.0 km (5.0 mi) to the southeast, and the Continental Divide lies 3.0 km (1.9 mi) to the east. Mount Geikie is composed of quartzite of the Cambrian period. This rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny. The vertical wall of its north face is over 1,500-metre (4,900-foot) high, and has been compared to the other great north faces of the Canadian Rockies such as North Twin, Alberta, and Kitchener.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Outpost Peak</span> Mountain in the country of Canada

Outpost Peak is a 2,880-metre (9,450-foot) double peak mountain located in the Tonquin Valley of Jasper National Park in Alberta, Canada. The northeast peak is identified on some maps as Outpost Peak, but the southwest peak is higher. Outpost Peak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Cambrian period, then was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Erebus, 1.0 km (0.62 mi) to the south. The Continental Divide lies 3 km (1.9 mi) to the west, Angle Peak is situated 5.5 km (3.4 mi) to the southeast, and The Ramparts are 4.0 km (2.5 mi) to the north. The mountain's descriptive name was applied in 1921 by the Interprovincial Boundary Survey in keeping with the castle theme of the Ramparts area. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1935 when approved by the Geographical Names Board of Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian Ridge (Alberta)</span> Mountain in Alberta, Canada

Indian Ridge is a 2,820-metre (9,252 ft) mountain located in Jasper National Park, in the Trident Range of the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. The summit is unofficially called Indian Peak. The town of Jasper is situated 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the north-northeast, The Whistlers lies 2.55 kilometres (1.58 mi) to the northeast, and Muhigan Mountain is 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) to the west-northwest. The nearest higher peak is Manx Peak, 4.3 km (2.7 mi) to the southwest, and Terminal Mountain lies 3.25 km (2.02 mi) to the south. The Marmot Basin alpine ski area on Marmot Mountain is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) to the southeast. The peak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down from the Precambrian to the Jurassic periods and pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Throne Mountain</span> Mountain in the country of Canada

Throne Mountain is a prominent 3,120-metre (10,236 ft) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park, in the South Jasper Ranges of the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. It is situated 24 kilometres (15 mi) south of the town of Jasper, and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) east of Tonquin Valley. The nearest higher neighbor is Mount Edith Cavell, 5.8 km (3.6 mi) to the east, and Franchère Peak lies 7.0 km (4.3 mi) to the northeast. The peak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down from the Precambrian to the Jurassic periods, that was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Muhigan Mountain</span> Mountain in the country of Canada

Muhigan Mountain is a 2,626-metre (8,615 ft) mountain located in Alberta, Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roche Noire (Alberta)</span> Mountain in the country of Canada

Roche Noire is a 2,920-metre (9,580 ft) mountain located in Alberta, Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blackhorn Peak</span>

Blackhorn Peak is a 3,000-metre (9,800-foot) summit in Alberta, Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mount Estella</span> Mountain in Canada

Mount Estella is a 3,069-metre (10,069-foot) mountain summit in Alberta, Canada.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Majestic Mountain (Alberta)</span>

Majestic Mountain is a 3,086-metre (10,125-foot) summit in Alberta, Canada.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Mount Erebus". Bivouac.com. Retrieved 2019-07-07.
  2. Gadd, Ben (2008), Geology of the Rocky Mountains and Columbias
  3. MacLaren, I.S. (2005). Mapper of Mountains M.P. Bridgland in the Canadian Rockies 1902-1930. With Eric Higgs, Gabrielle Zezulka-Mailloux. Edmonton, AB: The University of Alberta Press. ISBN   0-88864-456-6.
  4. "Mount Erebus". cdnrockiesdatabases.ca. Retrieved 2019-07-10.
  5. Place-names of Alberta. Ottawa: Geographic Board of Canada. 1928. p. 48.
  6. "Mount Erebus". Geographical Names Data Base . Natural Resources Canada . Retrieved 2019-07-07.
  7. Peel, M. C.; Finlayson, B. L.; McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11: 1633–1644. ISSN   1027-5606.