The National Air Operation Command (Indonesian: Komando Operasi Udara Nasional / Koopsudnas) is one of the Principal Operational Commands of the Indonesian Air Force that is responsible for air operations including air surveillance, early warning system, air supremacy, and air defense of Indonesian airspace. Koopsudnas plays a vital part for air defense capability of the Republic of Indonesia. This command is held by a three-star air force marshal.
The forerunner to the National Air Operation Command (Koopsudnas) was the Sector Operation Centre (SOC) formed in 1958. Then the Joint Air Defense Command (Kohanudgab) was formed in 1961, its members came from the army, navy and air force. Kohanudgab is tasked with guarding defense centers in the eastern part of Indonesia. Furthermore, the National Air Defense Command (Indonesian: Komando Pertahanan Udara Nasional / Kohanudnas) was formed based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Indonesia No. 08/PIM/PI/62 dated 9 February 1962. Kohanudnas as the Main Operations Command of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia, is tasked with carrying out integrated security defense efforts over national air space both independently and in collaboration with the main operational commands of other forces. Interoperability in the use of defense equipment such as fighter aircraft, radar, air defense artillery, and Navy warships.[1]
At the early of 1962, Operation Trikora was getting underway as the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) were already engaging the military forces of The Netherlands in what is now Papua and West Papua provinces. The National Air Defense Command was established on 9 February 1962 as the air defense division of that operation commanded by AVM H.M.Sujono on the basis of the TNI Joint Service Air Defense Command (Komando Pertahanan Udara Gabungan APRI) whose commander for Papuan air force operations was Colonel Leo Wattimena of the Air Force. At the beginning, the INADF was organized into 2 Air defense sectors covering parts of the Moluccas and the then Netherlands New Guinea, each composed of a number of radar stations. By March 1962, four Air Defense Sectors were active nationwide.[2]
After the conclusion of Operation Trikora, the command was the first to be equipped with surface to air missiles in Southeast Asia, with the arrival of the S-75 Dvina SAM system, which served alongside the AZP S-60, M1939 61-K, M1939 52-K, Zastava M55, Bofors 40 mm gun and the Oerlikon GDF until the early 1970s, alongside radar stations built with Warsaw Pact and Yugoslav assistance.
Badge of the Indonesian Air Force's Air Defense Command (Kohanud)
The Air Force Air Defense Command, raised on 12 September 1963, form majority of the personnel under the Kohanudnas. Its primary mission is to develop and prepare combat readiness of air defense capabilities of the air force. The Air Defense Command is based at Halim Perdanakusuma Airport and has 4 air defense wings, which are 100th Missile Defense Wing, 200th Radar Wing, 300th Interceptor Wing, and 400th Radar Wing.[2] Aside from these, personnel of the Army Air Defense Artillery Corps and the Directorate of Air Defense Operations of the Navy, both of the Indonesian Army and Indonesian Navy, respectively and activated in 1962, are under its operational supervision.
History of Air Force Operation Commands
Air Force Operation Command were established 1951 with Air Cdre Ruslan Danurusamsi as its first commander.[3] In 1976, the Command was renamed into Combined Air Combat Command. In 1985, as part of a major reorganization of the armed forces, the Command was split into Air Operation Command (Komando Operasi Udara or Koopsud) 1 and 2 to oversee supervision over all regional air bases and air force formations within Indonesia on the basis of the Air Regions. On 11 May 2018, Air Operation Command 3 was officially formed on the basis of the Air Operation Command 2 bases in eastern Indonesia.[4]
On 10 August 2025, the nomenclature for the Air Operation Commands was renamed to Air Force Regional Commands (Komando Daerah Angkatan Udara or Kodau).[5]
History of National Air Operation Command
On 28 January 2022, the National Air Defense Command (Kohanudnas) was liquidated and alongside the Air Operation Command 1, 2, and 3 were officially merged into one organization, the National Air Operation Command (Komando Operasi Udara Nasional or Koopsudnas). The unified service serves as an umbrella institution managing all air defense and superiority operations under the Air Force, and thus simplifying the chain of command. The Koopsudnas is led by an Air Marshal.[6][7]
On 10 August 2025, the National Air Defense Command (Kohanudnas) was re-established as an independent unit from the National Air Operation Command.[8]
Organization
Command HQ
1st Air Force Regional Commands (Komando Daerah Angkatan Udara 1)
2nd Air Force Regional Commands (Komando Daerah Angkatan Udara 2)
3rd Air Force Regional Commands (Komando Daerah Angkatan Udara 3)
The Air Force Regional Commands (Komando Daerah Angkatan Udara) is led by a two-star Air Vice-Marshal who oversees the air force bases. Each Air Force Base is divided based on function into 2 types, namely, headquarters air base and operational air base. Meanwhile, based on the area and completeness of the facilities, it is divided into 3 types, namely type A, type B and type C.
Airbase type: Type A airbase Type B airbase Type C airbase
Air Force Operation Command
The Air Force Operation Command (Komando Operasi Angkatan Udara) is led by a two-star Air Vice-Marshal who oversees the Air Groups and Sector Commands, both leads by a one-star Air Commodore. Air Groups divided into Air Wings and Air Squadrons, while Sector Commands divided into Radar Units and Missile Units. Apart from maintenance matters, Air Squadrons and their subordinate units may move from headquarter airbase to operation airbase in certain operations during combat exercises or warfare.
In July 2003, Kohanudnas detected unauthorized military aircraft flying over Bawean Island off the eastern coast of Java for more than two hours, and ordered the Indonesian Air Force to scrambled two fully armed F-16s Block 15 OCU from the 3rd Air Squadron to intercept the unauthorized aircraft, which were five US Navy F/A-18 Hornets. The incident ended peacefully through a Friend or Foe hand signal. A US spokesman said that the naval aircraft had sought permission to enter Indonesian airspace while escorting a US aircraft carrier, but that the request arrived too late at the Kohanudnas headquarters in Jakarta due to red tape.[14]
On 29 November 2011, Syamsudin Noor Airport's radar detected Dassault Falcon 900 EX that carried Papua New Guinean Deputy Prime Minister H.O.N. Belden Namah entering Indonesian airspace, then the airport's ATC and Kohanudnas tries to contact the aircraft as it is an unscheduled flight, but no response. As Kohanudnas also didn't authorize aircraft flight clearance, they decide to scramble two Sukhoi fighter to intercept and shadowing the Falcon near Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, for about 37 minutes. It was found that Falcon was applied for flight clearance shortly before take-off and the clearance was not granted yet during the incident. The minister of foreign affairs of Indonesia said that Kohanudnas was conducting an electronic identification with radar and a visual identification by intercepting (the aircraft) according to standard procedures, and no harm occurred.[16]
Gallery
Insignia of Kohanudnas (National Air Defense Command) (xxxx-January 2022)
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Indonesia 
Indonesian Air Force 
Indonesian Air Force 
Air Marshall Tedi Rizalihadi 
Air Vice Marshall Donald Kasenda 
Air Commodore Dodi Fernando 
