| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name Selenium(IV) tetraazide | |
| Other names Selenium tetraazide | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
PubChem CID | |
| |
| |
| Properties | |
| Se(N3)4 | |
| Molar mass | 247.05 g/mol |
| Appearance | Yellow solid |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
Selenium tetraazide is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula Se(N3)4. It is a highly sensitive explosive, and has been prepared directly from selenium tetrafluoride and trimethylsilyl azide.
Selenium tetraazide is a yellow solid which precipitates frequently due to its low solubility. The compound is very susceptible to combustion even at low temperatures, and was only found to be stable at -50 degrees Celsius. [1]
In chemistry, azide is a linear, polyatomic anion with the formula N−3 and structure −N=N+=N−. It is the conjugate base of hydrazoic acid HN3. Organic azides are organic compounds with the formula RN3, containing the azide functional group. The dominant application of azides is as a propellant in air bags.
Pseudohalogens are polyatomic analogues of halogens, whose chemistry, resembling that of the true halogens, allows them to substitute for halogens in several classes of chemical compounds. Pseudohalogens occur in pseudohalogen molecules, inorganic molecules of the general forms Ps–Ps or Ps–X, such as cyanogen; pseudohalide anions, such as cyanide ion; inorganic acids, such as hydrogen cyanide; as ligands in coordination complexes, such as ferricyanide; and as functional groups in organic molecules, such as the nitrile group. Well-known pseudohalogen functional groups include cyanide, cyanate, thiocyanate, and azide.
Silver azide is the chemical compound with the formula AgN3. It is a silver(I) salt of hydrazoic acid. It forms a colorless crystals. Like most azides, it is a primary explosive.
Thallium azide, TlN3, is a yellow-brown crystalline solid poorly soluble in water. Although it is not nearly as sensitive to shock or friction as lead azide, it can easily be detonated by a flame or spark. It can be stored safely dry in a closed non-metallic container.
Tetraazidomethane, C(N3)4, is a colorless, highly explosive liquid. Its chemical structure consists of a carbon atom covalently bonded to four azide functional groups.
Ammonium azide is the chemical compound with the formula [NH4]N3, being the salt of ammonia and hydrazoic acid. Like other inorganic azides, this colourless crystalline salt is a powerful explosive, although it has a remarkably low sensitivity. [NH4]N3 is physiologically active and inhalation of small amounts causes headaches and palpitations. It was first obtained by Theodor Curtius in 1890, along with other azides.
Potassium azide is the inorganic compound having the formula KN3. It is a white, water-soluble salt. It is used as a reagent in the laboratory.
Lithium azide is the lithium salt of hydrazoic acid. It is an unstable and toxic compound that decomposes into lithium and nitrogen when heated.
Nitrosyl azide is an inorganic compound of nitrogen and oxygen with the chemical formula N3−N=O. It is a highly labile nitrogen oxide with the empirical formula N4O.
Chlorine azide is an inorganic compound that was discovered in 1908 by Friedrich Raschig. Concentrated ClN3 is notoriously unstable and may spontaneously detonate at any temperature.
Silicon tetraazide is a thermally unstable binary compound of silicon and nitrogen with a nitrogen content of 85.7%. This high-energy compound combusts spontaneously and can only be studied in a solution. A further coordination to a six-fold coordinated structure such as a hexaazidosilicate ion [Si(N3)6]2− or as an adduct with bidentate ligands Si(N3)4·L2 will result in relatively stable, crystalline solids that can be handled at room temperature.
Bromine azide is an explosive inorganic compound with the formula BrN3. It has been described as a crystal or a red liquid at room temperature. It is highly sensitive to small variations in temperature and pressure, with explosions occurring at Δp ≥ 0.05 Torr upon crystallization, thus extreme caution must be observed when working with this chemical.
Tellurium nitride describes chemical compounds of Te containing N3−. Efforts have been made toward the binary nitrides but the results are inconclusive and it appears that such materials are unstable. Still unconfirmed is Te4N4, which would be an analogue of tetraselenium tetranitride (Se4N4) and tetrasulfur tetranitride (S4N4). It has long been known that ammonia reacts with tellurium tetrachloride, which is similar to the method of synthesis of S4N4. The reaction of TeCl4 with a THF solution of N(SiMe3)3 gives a well-defined tellurium nitride [Te6N8(TeCl2)4(THF)4].
Rubidium azide is an inorganic compound with the formula RbN3. It is the rubidium salt of the hydrazoic acid HN3. Like most azides, it is explosive.
1-Diazidocarbamoyl-5-azidotetrazole, often jokingly referred to as azidoazide azide, is a heterocyclic inorganic compound with the formula C2N14. It is a highly reactive and extremely sensitive explosive.
Caesium azide or cesium azide is an inorganic compound of caesium and nitrogen. It is a salt of azide with the formula CsN3.
Boron triazide, also known as triazidoborane, is a thermally unstable compound of boron and nitrogen with a nitrogen content of 92.1 %. Formally, it is the triazido derivative of borane and is a covalent inorganic azide. The high-energy compound, which has the propensity to undergo spontaneous explosive decomposition, was first described in 1954 by Egon Wiberg and Horst Michaud of the University of Munich.
Iron(III) azide, also called ferric azide, is a chemical compound with the formula Fe(N3)3. It is an extremely explosive, impact-sensitive, hygroscopic dark brown solid. This compound is used to prepare various azidoalkanes, such as n-butyl azide, from alkenes via formation of alkylboranes and subsequent anti-Markovnikov addition of azide group.
Homoleptic azido compounds are chemical compounds in which the only anion or ligand is the azide group, -N3. The breadth of homoleptic azide compounds spans nearly the entire periodic table. With rare exceptions azido compounds are highly shock sensitive and need to be handled with the utmost caution. Binary azide compounds can take on several different structures including discrete compounds, or one- two, and three-dimensional nets, leading some to dub them as "polyazides". Reactivity studies of azide compounds are relatively limited due to how sensitive they can be. The sensitivity of these compounds tends to be correlated with the amount of ionic or covalent character the azide-element bond has, with ionic character being far more stable than covalent character. Therefore, compounds such as silver azide or sodium azide – which have strong ionic character – tend to possess more synthetic utility than their covalent counterparts. A few other notable exceptions include polymeric networks which possess unique magnetic properties, group 13 azides which unlike most other azides decompose to nitride compounds (important materials for semiconductors), other limited uses as synthetic reagents for the transfer of azide groups, or for research into high-energy-density matter.
Tellurium tetraazide is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula Te(N3)4. It is a highly sensitive explosive and takes the form of a yellow solid. It has been prepared directly as a precipitate of the reaction between tellurium tetrafluoride and trimethylsilyl azide.
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