Atlantic diet

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The Atlantic diet refers the traditional eating habits of people in Portugal, with a particular emphasis on the north, [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] and Galicia, in Northwestern Spain; [7] [8] [5] [6] which focuses on unprocessed foods, vegetables and fruits, nuts, whole grain bread, fish, dairy, eggs, olive oil and some red meat and wine. [9] [10] As both emphasize avoiding processed foods, [10] the Atlantic diet is similar to the Mediterranean diet. [11] The Atlantic diet involves more fish, milk, potatoes, bread, red meat and pork, while the Mediterranean diet has more pasta, beans and seeds, and greater emphasis on healthy fat from extra-virgin olive oil rather than fatty fish like mackerel, sardines and salmon. [12] [13] [14]

Contents

Portuguese Rapini codfish Bacalhau desfiado com migas e grelos (9374133341).jpg
Portuguese Rapini codfish
Polbo a feira with bread and wine Polboafeira.jpg
Polbo á feira with bread and wine
Portuguese traditional broa Broa-avintes.jpg
Portuguese traditional broa
Caldo verde One of the most popular Portuguese broths Caldo verde.jpg
Caldo verde One of the most popular Portuguese broths
Caldo galego Caldo gallego - juantiagues.jpg
Caldo galego
Galician bread Pan de Galiza. VI festa da filloa da pedra. 2009. A Bana.jpg
Galician bread

In Spain

Sometimes known in Spain as 'Galician Atlantic diet' [15] [16] due to its origins in the region of Galicia, it is “more than a diet, it is a lifestyle where exercise, simple cooking techniques, respect for traditions, and pleasure of eating accompanied are constants.” [17]

In Portugal and Lusophone communities

Magusto:chestnuts and jeropiga Magusto-jeropiga met kastanjes.jpg
Magusto:chestnuts and jeropiga

With a variety of regional nuances, and more marked in the North, [18] the Atlantic diet is an integral part of Portugal's traditional cuisine. Some of this culinary heritage has been spread worldwide in locations with significant Portuguese-descended communities. [19] [20] Caldo verde with broa is one of the most famous dishes in Portugal. [19]

Before the introduction of potatoes, chestnuts were also one of the main ingredients in staple diets- there has been an urban revival of castanha consumption as part of healthy eating over the past decades. [21]

Traditionally associated with the Autumn, roasted chestnuts; together with new wines like água-pé and jeropiga, were the main attractions during the annual Magusto (castañada) on All Saints Day, St Martin's Day, and St Simon's Day.

The Atlantic diet focuses on natural, local, seasonal and limited consumption of processed foods. It includes fresh fruits, vegetables and legumes (brassica cabbage family), wholegrains, nuts, and a variety of fish and seafoods found along the Atlantic ocean. [22]

In Atlantic Europe

Specific to the Iberian Atlantic coast, the Atlantic diet, also known as SEAD (Southern European Atlantic Diet) [23] is part of a broader dietary pattern associated with the countries in Western Europe that border the Atlantic Ocean: Ireland, Scotland, Wales, southern England, Isle of Man, French Brittany. These ramifications further share some commonality with the Nordic diet, of Northern Europe. In both SEAD and Nordic diets, the consumption of fish such as Atlantic cod, common ling, and shellfish such as scallops, is higher than in the Mediterranean diet, and in both regions the consumption of seaweed has been gaining renewed interest. Also, both the SEAD and Nordic diets emphasize sustainable and seasonal foods. [24]

Diet

The Atlantic diet includes high consumption of fish, mollusks, crustaceans, vegetables, potatoes, bread, cereals, fruits, chestnuts, legumes, honey, whole nuts, and olive oil. The Atlantic diet allows for medium consumption of wine, milk, cheese, eggs, pork, and beef. In general, fatty meats, sweets, and soft drinks are consumed in small quantity or not at all. [25]

Health effects

A JAMA study found that six months on the Atlantic diet resulted in a significantly decreased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, [26] which can can include obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, triglyceride or cholesterol levels, and lead to the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. [27] [28] A study published in Molecular Psychiatry found that the Atlantic diet (SEAD), lowered depression risk. [29] A study in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology found that the Southern European Atlantic Diet lowered all-cause, cardiovascular and cancer death [13] . Another study suggests that the Atlantic diet may contribute to the very low coronary mortality registered in Portugal and Galicia, helping to shed light on a long-standing scientific issue relating to the incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI). [30]

References

  1. ↑ "The Atlantic Diet Origin and Features". IJFS DOI:10.7455/ijfs/5.1.2016.a10.
  2. ↑ "A dieta que deixou os Americanos de boca aberta" (in Portuguese). Público.
  3. ↑ "What is the Atlantic diet?". Standard.
  4. ↑ "Reference dietary patterns in Portugal: Mediterranean diet vs Atlantic diet". De Gruyter. the SEAD [South European Atlantic Diet] is maintained in Galicia and northern Portugal.
  5. 1 2 Rizzo, Natalie (February 12, 2024). "The Atlantic diet is the new rival to the Mediterranean diet. Which one is better for you?". Today. Like the Mediterranean diet, this style of eating is based on the dietary patterns of people living in a specific region of Europe, but this one hones in on northwest Spain and northern Portugal.
  6. 1 2 "The Southern European Atlantic diet and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a European multicohort study". Oxford Academic. The Atlantic diet is the traditional diet of people from northern Portugal and Galicia in northwestern Spain. It's full of local, fresh and whole foods — including fruit, vegetables, bread, pulses, nuts, fish and milk products.
  7. ↑ "Understanding the difference between the Mediterranean and Atlantic Diet". pássaro no ombro. The Atlantic diet is an eating pattern based on the habits of people living in areas of the European Atlantic region, such as Portugal (more marked in the North), Atlantic parts of Northern Spain, France, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Norway and Iceland.
  8. ↑ "a dieta atlântica" (in Portuguese). correio do Minho.
  9. ↑ Bee, Peta (16 February 2024). "The Atlantic diet — could this be the healthiest way to eat?". The Times.
  10. 1 2 McCarthy, Kelly (February 15, 2024). "What is the Atlantic diet? How a Spanish, Portuguese-inspired diet could reduce metabolic syndrome risk". ABC News.
  11. ↑ LaMotte, Sandee (February 13, 2024). "A cousin to the Mediterranean diet: The Atlantic diet explained". CNN.
  12. ↑ "Is the Atlantic diet the new Mediterranean miracle?". Longevity Technology. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
  13. 1 2 Collins, Lois M. (February 14, 2024). "Is the Atlantic diet ready to challenge the Mediterranean for health honors?". Deseret News.
  14. ↑ Amenabar, Teddy (February 19, 2024). "What's the Atlantic diet? A variation on Mediterranean eating shows benefits". Washington Post.
  15. ↑ Álvarez, Paz. "La dieta atlántica, la que comen los gallegos y puede copiar el resto de España" (in Spanish). El País.
  16. ↑ Leis Trabazo, R.; De Lamas Pérez, C.; Castro Pérez, X.; Solla, P. (2019). "Atlantic diet. Nutrition and gastronomy in Galicia". Nutricion Hospitalaria. 36 (Spec No1): 7–13. PMID   31232586.
  17. ↑ Leake, Lindsey (February 16, 2024). "Meet the Atlantic diet: The Mediterranean diet's neighbor—with an added benefit". Fortune.
  18. ↑ "riqueza da diversidade alimentar" (in Portuguese). mediotejo.
  19. 1 2 Caldo Verde wetravelportugal.com. Accessed 2 September 2023.
  20. ↑ "Dieta atlântica" (in Portuguese). 24.
  21. ↑ "castanha na história da alimentação e da gastronomia portuguesas" (in Portuguese). Série DIAITA: Scripta & Realia, Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, 103-176.doi.org/10.7213/978-85-54945-11-4_6.
  22. ↑ "What is the Atlantic diet?". Vogue UK.
  23. ↑ "Dieta Atlântica". Selo de Mar.
  24. ↑ "Epigenetic Effects of Healthy Foods and Lifestyle Habits from the Southern European Atlantic Diet Pattern: A Narrative Review".
  25. ↑ Garone, Sarah. "Should You Try the Atlantic Diet? Here's What Experts Say About Its Health Benefits". Health.com.
  26. ↑ Freeborn, Jessica (February 14, 2024). "Atlantic diet may help prevent metabolic syndrome". Medical News Today.
  27. ↑ Cambeses-Franco, Cristina (February 7, 2024). "Traditional Atlantic Diet and Its Effect on Health and the Environment". JAMA Network Open.
  28. ↑ Walrath-Holdridge, Mary (February 13, 2024). "Move over, Mediterranean diet. The Atlantic diet is here. Foods, health benefits, explained". USA TODAY.
  29. ↑ Ortolá, Rosario (23 June 2023). "The Southern European Atlantic diet and depression risk: a European multicohort study". Nature. Molecular Psychiatry.
  30. ↑ "Adherence to the Southern European Atlantic Diet and occurrence of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.29075)". The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
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