Chinchaypujio District

Last updated
Chinchaypujio
Chinchay Pukyu
Chinchaypujio Town Aerial Shot with Drone.jpg
Flag of Cusco (2021).svg
Peru location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Chinchaypujio
Map of Chinchaypujio and its 9 communities with the Apurimac River in the Cusco Region
Coordinates: 13°37′48.2″S72°13′58.6″W / 13.630056°S 72.232944°W / -13.630056; -72.232944
Country Flag of Peru.svg  Peru
Region Flag of Cusco (1978-2021).svg Cusco
Province Anta
FoundedOctober 1, 1941
Capital Chinchay Pukyu
Government
   Mayor (Alcalde)Franklin Estrada Gallegos
Area
  Total
390.58 km2 (150.80 sq mi)
Elevation
3,105 m (10,187 ft)
Population
  Total
5,521
  Density14/km2 (37/sq mi)
Time zone UTC-5 (PET)
UBIGEO 080304
Website https://www.facebook.com/Municipalidad-Distrital-de-Chinchaypujio-367758549965836/

Chinchaypujio (from Quechua Chinchay Pukyu,"Oncilla Spring"; colloquially "Chincha") is one of nine districts of the Anta Province in Peru and about 2 hours outside of Cusco. [1] Its capital, Chinchaypujio, hosts a weekly market (Mercado Ferial de Chinchaypujio) [2] as well as the regional government. The district is home to 9 communities: Chinchaypujio, Ocra, Paucarccoto, Parcotica, Waccahualla, Huancancalla, Sumaru, Pantipata and Huamumayo. [3] In its southernmost part, the Apurímac River crosses the district; a major trade road connecting the Cuzco Department with the Department of Apurímac crosses through the entire district from north to south. [4]

Contents

Geography

The district of Chinchaypujio has a 2,000-metre (6,600 ft) altitude spread from south to north; hence, the district is home to multiple climate zones. In the south, the Apurímac River runs at 2,200-metre (7,200 ft) elevation [5] where Banana Isla Maleño and other tropical fruit can be grown, [6] in the north, the Wintanayuq peak sits at approximately 4,200 m (13,800 ft), above the Tree line. Other mountains are listed below: [7]

Agriculture

Llamas and Alpacas in Chinchaypujio, waiting to be led to their grazing grounds. Llamas-alpacas-ocra-chinchaypujio-herding-corrall.jpg
Llamas and Alpacas in Chinchaypujio, waiting to be led to their grazing grounds.

The local culture is strongly shaped by its Agrarian and Herding activities by farming families, which account for a majority of the local economy. The animals herded in the highlands of Chinchaypujio are the regionally native Llamas and Alpacas, as well as imported Sheep, Cattle, Chicken and Horses. [8] Grazing grounds are often more than an hour away from the farm or herding corrall; most local shepherds need to do two round trips per day to bring the animals to and from the grazing grounds. A specialty of the region are the Andes-native Guinea pigs that are bred as livestock, as they have been for hundreds of years.

In the highlands, crops are being grown in a variety of sloped and flat fields. They are mostly Tuber plants - approximately 40 species of Potatoes (Olluco, Maswa and Añu among others). [9] Secondary crops include Quinoa, Wheat, Beans, Tarwi, Maize and Barley. The rugged terrain makes the use of mechanised agriculture impossible in many areas, so fields are traditionally ploughed by human labor alone, or with the assistance of horses. The flour generated from some of the crop is used in a traditional sweetened breakfast drink, similar to Oatmeal, which is sometimes mixed with coffee. A popular locally produced drink is Chicha, a sweet corn beer.

In the Apurimac basin and adjacent lowlands, higher temperatures enable plantations of Bananas, Papayas, Avocados [10] and other more tropical crops for agriculture.

Culture

Chinchaypujio is home to many festivities throughout the year; many of them featuring parades and dances with colorful costumes. Behind each type of costume and character in the parade is an involved history, often a response to tragic events in the form of a costume that parodies the historical predecessor. Each Dance troupe organizes themselves, represents one kind of costume, and is led by a Caporal and president.

Chincha's communities are actively committed to protecting their Quechua, natural and agricultural heritage, such as Ocra's efforts in preserving ancestral knowledge. [11] In a competition between 14 countries in Latin America with 300 nominations, a project from Chinchaypujio won the CRESPIAL award for "Protecting [its] Intangible Cultural Heritage" in 2014 for the Culture and Indigenous Rights of the District Municipality of Chinchaypujio. [12]

Costumes and dances in Chinchaypujio

Siqllas Chinchaypujio dancers in Chinchaypujio Siqllas Chinchaypujio Dancers in the Virgen Asunta Parade.jpg
Siqllas Chinchaypujio dancers in Chinchaypujio
Q'apaq Negro and Negrillas dancers in the "Virgen Asunta" parade Qapaq Negro and Negrillas Dancers in Chinchaypujio.jpg
Q'apaq Negro and Negrillas dancers in the "Virgen Asunta" parade
Contra Danzas in a Chinchaypujio parade Contra Danzas in Chinchaypujio.jpg
Contra Danzas in a Chinchaypujio parade

Many of the costumes in Chinchaypujio feature Court dress-style black buckled shoes, a satirical commentary on colonial Aristocracy.

Tourism

Chinchaypujio's rural setting offers Farm stay tourism in Ocra and Paucarccoto through the Quechua School initiative, [16] as well as trekking in the mountains, river rafting in the Apurimac and authentic local experiences including livestock herding. On Sundays, the Mercado Ferial in Chinchaypujio draws crowds from all over the district and as far as Cusco, featuring local foods and goods. The district is also home to the archeological Inca Empire sites of Qollmay and Pumawasi; [17] [18] the town of Chinchaypujio itself contains the Incahuasi archaeological site.

Multiple annual events give rise to district-wide festivities, mostly celebrated in the capital of the district, Chinchaypujio. The largest festival is a 4-day celebration during mid-August to honor the Assumption of Mary, "Virgen Asunta de Chinchaypujio". This festivity includes dances, parties, parades, a small music festival and hosts guests from all over Peru - many of which are people who moved away from Chinchaypujio after high school and return for the festivity and family reunions.

Climate

Chinchaypujio's winters (May–August) are mild and dry, its summers (Nov–Feb) are slightly warmer and much wetter with 162mm of rain, as is usual for this region. [19] Nights can drop below freezing point in the winter. Temperatures vary strongly throughout the district though, due to its altitude spread between the North (mountains) and South (the Apurímac River basin).

Climate data for Chinchaypujio
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C19.719.419.620.220.119.619.420.520.321.821.420.120.2
Daily mean °C13131312.711.810.510.411.312.313.813.713.212.4
Mean daily minimum °C6.46.66.45.33.51.51.42.14.45.86.16.44.7
Average precipitation mm162123108445349265084116734
Mean daily maximum °F67.566.967.368.468.267.366.968.968.571.270.568.268.3
Daily mean °F55555554.953.250.950.752.354.156.856.755.854.3
Mean daily minimum °F43.543.943.541.538.334.734.535.839.942.443.043.540.4
Average precipitation inches6.44.84.31.70.20.10.20.41.02.03.34.628.9
Source: Climate-Data.org [20]

Ethnic groups

The people in the district are mainly indigenous citizens of Quechua descent. Quechua is the language which the majority of the population (91.85%) learnt to speak in childhood, 7.95% of the residents started speaking using the Spanish language (2007 Peru Census). [21]

See also

References

  1. (in Spanish) Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática. Banco de Información Distrital Archived April 23, 2008, at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved April 11, 2008.
  2. "Ocra Andean People". Quechua Trips. Archived from the original on 2019-08-18. Retrieved 2019-08-18.
  3. "Municipalidad de Chinchaypujio obtuvo primer lugar en concurso sobre Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial – Arqueología del Perú | Historia, Turismo, Arte Inca, Prehispánico, Pre-Inca" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-08-18.
  4. Gestión, Redacción (2016-01-13). "Concar se adjudicó buena pro de corredor vial Mollepuquio – Chalhuahuacho | Economía". Gestión (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-08-18.
  5. "Elevation Finder". www.freemaptools.com. Retrieved 2019-08-14.
  6. "VRAEM apunta a convertirse en zona potencial de producción de plátanos". www.minagri.gob.pe. Retrieved 2019-08-14.
  7. escale.minedu.gob.pe/ UGEL map Anta Province (Cusco Region)
  8. "Ocra Andean People". Quechua Trips. Archived from the original on 2019-08-18. Retrieved 2019-08-18.
  9. "Ocra Andean People". Quechua Trips. Archived from the original on 2019-08-18. Retrieved 2019-08-18.
  10. Morales Castro, Mary Luz; Cornejo Huarancca, Ingrid Lucero (2018-12-04). "Introducción de la producción de palta en la economía de las familias campesinas de Ivin y Huantaro, distrito de Chinchaypujio, provincia de Anta 2014 – 2018". Universidad Andina del Cusco.[ permanent dead link ]
  11. "Comunidad de Ocra – Ruraq Maki" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2019-08-19. Retrieved 2019-08-19.
  12. "Municipalidad de Chinchaypujio obtuvo primer lugar en concurso sobre Salvaguardia del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial – Arqueología del Perú | Historia, Turismo, Arte Inca, Prehispánico, Pre-Inca" (in Spanish). Retrieved 2019-08-18.
  13. Vilca Flores, Wilbert (2019). Virgen Asunta Programa 2019. Chinchaypujio: Asociacion Cultural Chinchaypujio. p. 11.
  14. Vilca Flores, Wilbert (2019). Virgen Asunta Programa 2019. Chinchaypujio: Asociacion Cultural Chinchaypujio. p. 12.
  15. Vilca Flores, Wilbert (2019). Virgen Asunta Programa 2019. Chinchaypujio: Asociacion Cultural Chinchaypujio. p. 14.
  16. "Chinchaypujio Homestay". Quechua School. Archived from the original on 2019-08-18. Retrieved 2019-08-18.
  17. {{http://www.rupestreweb.info/pinturaspumawasi.html |date=August 12, 2019 }} Pintura Pumawasi
  18. Silva Gonzalez, Jose Carlos. "Delimination of Qollmay" (PDF). Geopartimonio Cusco. Retrieved 2019-08-14.
  19. "Chinchaypujio climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Chinchaypujio weather averages - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2019-08-10.
  20. "Climate-Data.org". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved August 10, 2019.
  21. inei.gob.pe Archived January 27, 2013, at the Wayback Machine INEI, Peru, Censos Nacionales 2007, Frequencias: Preguntas de Población

13°37′51″S72°14′02″W / 13.6308°S 72.2340°W / -13.6308; -72.2340