Endornaviridae is a family of viruses. Plants, fungi, and oomycetes serve as natural hosts. There are 31 species in this family, assigned to 2 genera (Alphaendornavirus and Betaendornavirus). Members of Alphaendornavirus infect plants, fungi and the oomycete Phytophthora sp., members of Betaendornavirus infect ascomycete fungi.[1][2][3][4]
Transmission electron micrograph of dsRNA molecules of Oryza sativa endornavirus isolate Nipponbare.Genome maps of Oryza sativa endornavirus isolate Nipponbare (a) and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum endornavirus 1 (b). Numbers indicate genome nucleotide positions.
Linear, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome of about 14 kb to 17.6kb. A site specific break (nick) is found in the coding strand about 1 to 2kb from the 5’ terminus. ViralZone conflicts with ICTV, listing Endornaviridae as dsRNA viruses.[1][2]
As the Endornaviridae genomes don't include a coat protein (CP) gene, no true virions are associated with members of this family. For Vicia faba endornavirus, the RNA genome has been associated with some pleomorphic cytoplasmic membrane vesicles.[1]
Life cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The viral replicative form of the Endornaviridae is dsRNA. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription.[2][1]
As the replicative dsRNA form is relatively stable, it can be found in comparatively high quantities in host tissues, and therefore is a likely subject of isolations[1] (this is the reason why Endornaviridae often are classified as dsRNA viruses,[2] in contrast to the official ssRNA(+) ICTV classification).
The virus exits the host cell by cell to cell movement.[1][2]
Plants, fungi, and oomycetes serve as the natural hosts. Transmission routes are pollen associated.[1][2]
↑ICTVdB Management (2006). 00.108.0.01. Endornavirus. In: ICTVdB—The Universal Virus Database, version 4. Büchen-Osmond, C. (Ed), Columbia University, New York, USA.
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