Quadriviridae

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Quadrivirus
ODR.Quadri.fig1.png
(Left) Electron micrographs of the Rosellinia necatrix quadrivirus 1, bar = 50 nm. (Right) Three-dimensional cryo-electron microscopy reconstruction of RnQV1 virions at 8Å resolution.
Virus classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Duplornaviricota
Class: Chrymotiviricetes
Order: Ghabrivirales
Family: Quadriviridae
Genus:Quadrivirus

Quadriviridae is a family of double-stranded RNA viruses with a single genus Quadrivirus. [1] The fungi Rosellinia necatrix serves as a natural host. The name of the group derives from the quadripartite genome of its members where in Latin quad means four. The genus has three species. [2] [3]

Contents

Structure

Schematic diagram of Quadriviridae virions. The four genomic segments may be separately encapsulated. Quadriviridae virion.jpg
Schematic diagram of Quadriviridae virions. The four genomic segments may be separately encapsulated.

Mycoviruses in the family Quadriviridae have a non-enveloped isometric capsid which consists of 60 copies of heterodimers of the structural proteins P2 and P4. The diameter of the capsid is around 48 nm. [2] [3]

Genome

Genome of Rosellinia necatrix quadrivirus 1 ODR.Quadri.fig3.v4.png
Genome of Rosellinia necatrix quadrivirus 1

Family member genomes are composed of double-stranded RNA. They are divided in to four segments which each code for a protein. The length of the different segments are between 3.5 and 5.0 kbp. The total genome is around 16.8 kbp. Inside the capsid with the genome there is also the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. [2] [3]

Life cycle

Quadriviruses are transmitted internally. They are propagated during cell division and hyphal anastomosis. Viral replication occurs in the cytoplasm. It follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The fungi Rosellinia necatrix serves as a natural host. [2] [3]

Taxonomy

Phylogenetic tree of quadriviruses, chrysoviruses and some totiviruses ODR.Quadri.Fig4.png-640x480.png
Phylogenetic tree of quadriviruses, chrysoviruses and some totiviruses

The family Quadrivirdae has one genus Quadrivirus, which contains the following species: [4]

References

  1. ↑ Chiba, S; Castón, JR; Ghabrial, SA; Suzuki, N; Ictv Report, Consortium (November 2018). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Quadriviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 99 (11): 1480–1481. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.001152 . PMID   30265238.
  2. 1 2 3 4 "ICTV Report Quadriviridae".
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
  4. ↑ "Virus Taxonomy: 2024 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 7 March 2025.
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