Thorium(IV) hydroxide

Thorium(IV) hydroxide

Names
IUPAC name Thorium(IV) hydroxide
Identifiers
CAS Number	13825-36-0  Y[ PubChem ]
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	145873  Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.097
EC Number	237-522-5
PubChem CID	166732
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID501337265 DTXSID70925731, DTXSID501337265
InChI InChI=1S/4H2O.Th/h4*1H2;/q;;;;+4/p-4 Key: SFKTYEXKZXBQRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-J
SMILES [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Th+4]
Properties
Chemical formula	Th(OH)4
Molar mass	300.07
Appearance	white solid [1]
Related compounds
Other anions	thorium dioxide thorium nitrate
Other cations	cerium(IV) hydroxide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Thorium(IV) hydroxide is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula Th(OH)₄.

Production

Thorium(IV) hydroxide can be produced by reacting alkali metal hydroxides like sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide and soluble thorium salts, such as thorium nitrate. ^{[1] [2] [3]}

Reactions

New thorium(IV) hydroxide is soluble in acid but its solubility will decrease when older. ^[1]

At above 470 °C, thorium(IV) hydroxide will continuously decompose and produce thorium dioxide: ^[3]

Th(OH)₄ → ThO₂ + 2 H₂O

Thorium(IV) hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide gas. Under ambient conditions this produces the hydrated oxide carbonate ThOCO₃·xH₂O, and under higher pressure this produces thorium carbonate hemihydrate (Th(CO₃)₂·½H₂O). ^{[4] [3] [5]}

References

1. 《无机化合物制备手册》.朱文祥 主编.化学工业出版社. P₁₄₃. 【III-251】氢氧化钍（thorium hydroxide）
2. Gayer, K. H.; Leider, H. (1 Dec 1954). "The Solubility of Thorium Hydroxide in Solutions of Sodium Hydroxide and Perchloric Acid at 25°". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 76 (23): 5938–5940. doi:10.1021/ja01652a012.
3. Wickleder et al., pp. 70–7
4. H. Ehrhardt, H. Seidel, H. Schweer (March 1980). "Hochdrucksynthesen einiger Carbonate mit überkritischem CO₂" . Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie (in German). 462 (1): 185–198. doi:10.1002/zaac.19804620121. ISSN   0044-2313 . Retrieved 2019-11-23.
5. Wickleder et al., pp. 101–115

Bibliography

• Wickleder, Mathias S.; Fourest, Blandine; Dorhout, Peter K. (2006). "Thorium". In Morss, Lester R.; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (eds.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (PDF). Vol. 3 (3rd ed.). Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer. pp. 52–160. doi:10.1007/1-4020-3598-5_3. ISBN   978-1-4020-3555-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-07.