1965 Turkish census

Last updated

The 1965 Turkish census was held on October 24, 1965 and recorded the population and demographic details of every settlement in Turkey. The 1965 census was the last census with information languages and ethnicities as afterwards, the Turkish Government prohibited their publication. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

Contents

Census in Turkey
YearPop.±%
1927 13,649,945    
1935 16,188,767+18.6%
1940 17,820,950+10.1%
1945 18,790,174+5.4%
1950 20,947,188+11.5%
1955 24,064,763+14.9%
1960 27,754,820+15.3%
1965 31,391,421+13.1%
1970 35,605,176+13.4%
1975 40,347,719+13.3%
1980 44,736,957+10.9%
1985 50,664,458+13.2%
1990 56,473,035+11.5%
2000 67,803,927+20.1%
2007 70,586,256+4.1%
2008 71,517,100+1.3%
2009 72,561,312+1.5%
2010 73,722,988+1.6%
2011 74,724,269+1.4%
2012 75,627,384+1.2%
2013 76,667,864+1.4%
2014 77,695,904+1.3%
2015 78,741,053+1.3%
2016 79,814,871+1.4%
2017 80,810,525+1.2%
2018 82,003,882+1.5%
2019 83,154,997+1.4%
2020 83,614,362+0.6%
2021 84,680,273+1.3%
2022 85,279,553+0.7%

Population by district

total populationnorateurban %rural %man %woman %
Turkey 31,391,42110,805,81734,42%20,585,60465,58%15,996,96450,96%15,394,45749,04%
Adana 902,71252,88%422,29846,78%480,41453,22%466,03251,63%436,68048,37%
Adıyaman 267,288470,85%51,46319,25%215,82580,75%136,61551,11%130,67348,89%
Afyonkarahisar 502,248211,60%125,10224,91%377,14675,09%250,47849,87%251,77050,13%
Ağrı 246,961560,79%53,42021,63%193,54178,37%130,39652,80%116,56547,20%
Amasya 285,729450,91%83,01629,05%202,71370,95%148,01651,80%137,71348,20%
Ankara 1,644,30225,24%1,069,76165,06%574,54134,94%872,68053,07%771,62246,93%
Antalya 486,910231,55%129,65726,63%357,25373,37%244,93950,30%241,97149,70%
Artvin 210,065570,67%30,06814,31%179,99785,69%102,63048,86%107,43551,14%
Aydın 524,918171,67%165,95331,62%358,96568,38%262,02149,92%262,89750,08%
Balıkesir 708,34292,26%230,35332,52%477,98967,48%365,95951,66%342,38348,34%
Bilecik 139,041660,44%36,35626,15%102,68573,85%68,90049,55%70,14150,45%
Bingöl 150,521650,48%20,40113,55%130,12086,45%77,75851,66%72,76348,34%
Bitlis 154,069640,49%43,81328,44%110,25671,56%80,99652,57%73,07347,43%
Bolu 383,939371,22%70,45918,35%313,48081,65%189,66349,40%194,27650,60%
Burdur 194,950610,62%54,13527,77%140,81572,23%98,13750,34%96,81349,66%
Bursa 755,50472,41%335,04844,35%420,45655,65%379,05550,17%376,44949,83%
Çanakkale 350,317391,12%81,75323,34%268,56476,66%182,80652,18%167,51147,82%
Çankırı 250,706550,80%43,73117,44%206,97582,56%120,13147,92%130,57552,08%
Çorum 485,567241,55%97,03219,98%388,53580,02%240,57649,55%244,99150,45%
Denizli 463,369261,48%117,73925,41%345,63074,59%230,46849,74%232,90150,26%
Diyarbakır 475,916251,52%162,46734,14%313,44965,86%249,87452,50%226,04247,50%
Edirne 303,234430,97%102,17133,69%201,06366,31%157,37751,90%145,85748,10%
Elazığ 322,727421,03%106,18032,90%216,54767,10%165,63651,32%157,09148,68%
Erzincan 258,586530,82%57,39722,20%201,18977,80%129,23349,98%129,35350,02%
Erzurum 628,001122,00%152,18324,23%475,81875,77%324,97751,75%303,02448,25%
Eskişehir 415,101331,32%200,33248,26%214,76951,74%210,94950,82%204,15249,18%
Gaziantep 511,026191,63%244,21547,79%266,81152,21%262,81551,43%248,21148,57%
Giresun 428,015321,36%75,06917,54%352,94682,46%207,32048,44%220,69551,56%
Gümüşhane 262,731520,84%31,95712,16%230,77487,84%123,90747,16%138,82452,84%
Hakkari 83,937670,27%14,13216,84%69,80583,16%45,68054,42%38,25745,58%
Hatay 506,154201,61%203,61040,23%302,54459,77%266,59452,67%239,56047,33%
Isparta 266,240490,85%96,55136,26%169,68963,74%136,33351,21%129,90748,79%
İçel 511,273181,63%189,38237,04%321,89162,96%262,00851,25%249,26548,75%
Istanbul 2,293,82317,31%1,792,07178,13%501,75221,87%1,243,90054,23%1,049,92345,77%
İzmir 1,234,66733,93%621,55350,34%613,11449,66%641,11851,93%593,54948,07%
Kahramanmaraş 438,423301,40%105,09023,97%333,33376,03%222,10450,66%216,31949,34%
Kars 606,313131,93%117,36319,36%488,95080,64%312,95251,62%293,36148,38%
Kastamonu 441,638291,41%67,16315,21%374,47584,79%209,38947,41%232,24952,59%
Kayseri 536,206161,71%191,22135,66%344,98564,34%266,97249,79%269,23450,21%
Kırklareli 258,386540,82%85,85633,23%172,53066,77%137,82353,34%120,56346,66%
Kırşehir 196,836600,63%42,00021,34%154,83678,66%95,76248,65%101,07451,35%
Kocaeli 335,518401,07%136,53140,69%198,98759,31%177,91553,03%157,60346,97%
Konya 1,122,62243,58%354,57831,58%768,04468,42%560,06949,89%562,55350,11%
Kütahya 398,081351,27%87,08421,88%310,99778,12%200,95450,48%197,12749,52%
Malatya 452,624271,44%147,04032,49%305,58467,51%230,27450,88%222,35049,12%
Manisa 748,54582,38%265,85735,52%482,68864,48%381,79851,01%366,74748,99%
Mardin 397,880361,27%90,09322,64%307,78777,36%205,31351,60%192,56748,40%
Muğla 334,973411,07%59,33017,71%275,64382,29%166,33949,66%168,63450,34%
Muş 198,716590,63%32,50316,36%166,21383,64%103,29851,98%95,41848,02%
Nevşehir 203,316580,65%46,71022,97%156,60677,03%98,08348,24%105,23351,76%
Niğde 362,444381,15%69,95619,30%292,48880,70%177,68949,03%184,75550,97%
Ordu 543,863151,73%83,58515,37%460,27884,63%268,14149,30%275,72250,70%
Rize 281,099460,90%63,55422,61%217,54577,39%130,07046,27%151,02953,73%
Sakarya 404,078341,29%124,93630,92%279,14269,08%203,89650,46%200,18249,54%
Samsun 755,94662,41%197,10326,07%558,84373,93%379,63550,22%376,31149,78%
Siirt 264,832510,84%75,52028,52%189,31271,48%139,68652,75%125,14647,25%
Sinop 266,069500,85%38,06814,31%228,00185,69%128,83048,42%137,23951,58%
Sivas 705,186102,25%168,68523,92%536,50176,08%350,37749,69%354,80950,31%
Tekirdağ 287,381440,92%96,89733,72%190,48466,28%150,14052,24%137,24147,76%
Tokat 495,352221,58%123,40324,91%371,94975,09%251,74850,82%243,60449,18%
Trabzon 595,782141,90%108,49218,21%487,29081,79%281,58347,26%314,19952,74%
Tunceli 154,175630,49%23,24015,07%130,93584,93%78,11250,66%76,06349,34%
Urfa 450,798281,44%150,38333,36%300,41566,64%230,61251,16%220,18648,84%
Uşak 190,536620,61%57,13329,99%133,40370,01%94,31549,50%96,22150,50%
Van 266,840480,85%60,68622,74%206,15477,26%142,44653,38%124,39446,62%
Yozgat 437,883311,39%67,46615,41%370,41784,59%217,74449,73%220,13950,27%
Zonguldak 650,191112,07%157,46324,22%492,72875,78%326,91850,28%323,27349,72%

Largest cities

RankingCityPopulationProvince
1 Istanbul 1,742,978 Istanbul
2 Ankara 905,660 Ankara
3 İzmir 329,052 İzmir
4 Adana 289,919 Adana
5 Bursa 211,644 Bursa
6 Eskişehir 173,882 Eskişehir
7 Gaziantep 160,152 Gaziantep
8 Konya 157,934 Konya
9 Kayseri 126,653 Kayseri
10 Sivas 108,320 Sivas
11 Samsun 107,510 Samsun
12 Erzurum 105,317 Erzurum
13 Malatya 104,428 Malatya
14 Diyarbakır 102,653 Diyarbakır
15 İzmit 89,547 Kocaeli
16 Mersin 86,692 İçel
17 Adapazarı 86,124 Sakarya
18 Karşıyaka 82,574 İzmir
19 Elazığ 78,605 Elazığ
20 Urfa 73,498 Şanlıurfa
21 Antalya 71,833 Antalya
22 Manisa 69,711 Manisa
23 İskenderun 69,382 Hatay
24 Balıkesir 69,341 Balıkesir
25 Trabzon 65,516 Trabzon
26 Denizli 64,331 Denizli
27 Maraş 63,284 Maraş
28 Antakya 57,855 Hatay
29 Tarsus 57,737 İçel
30 Kırıkkale 57,669 Ankara
31 Zonguldak 55,404 Zonguldak
32 Kütahya 49,301 Kütahya
33 Karabük 46,169 Zonguldak
34 Akhisar 46,167 Manisa
35 Edirne 46,091 Edirne
36 Erzincan 45,197 Erzincan
37 Afyonkarahisar 44,026 Afyonkarahisar
38 Aydın 43,483 Aydın
39 Çorum 41,574 Çorum
40 Kars 41,376 Kars
41 Nazilli 41,330 Aydın
42 Ceyhan 41,124 Adana
43 Ereğli 38,362 Konya
44 Kilis 38,095 Gaziantep
45 Tokat 37,368 Tokat
46 Turgutlu 35,674 Manisa
47 Uşak 35,517 Uşak
48 Amasya 34,168 Amasya
49 Osmaniye 34,027 Adana
50 Bandırma 33,116 Balıkesir
51 Van 31,431 Van
52 Mardin 30,974 Mardin
53 Ödemiş 30,580 İzmir
54 Bornova 30,445 İzmir
55 Burdur 29,268 Burdur
56 Salihli 28,909 Manisa
57 Isparta 28,328 Isparta
58 İnegöl 27,777 Bursa
59 Söke 27,558 Aydın
60 Siverek 27,527 Urfa
61 Ordu 27,303 Ordu
62 Tire 27,243 İzmir
63 Çorlu 27,187 Tekirdağ
64 Tekirdağ 27,069 Tekirdağ
65 Rize 26,989 Rize
66 Bafra 26,239 Samsun
67 Zile 26,113 Tokat
68 Karaman 26,051 Konya
69 Lüleburgaz 25,667 Kırklareli
70 Siirt 25,480 Siirt
71 Giresun 25,331 Giresun
72 Akşehir 25,269 Konya
73 Edremit 25,003 Balıkesir
74 Batman 24,990 Siirt
75 Kırşehir 24,861 Kırşehir
76 Kırklareli 24,790 Kırklareli
77 Aksaray 24,414 Niğde
78 Ağrı 24,168 Ağrı
79 Bergama 24,121 İzmir
80 Kastamonu 23,485 Kastamonu
81 Merzifon 23,410 Amasya
82 Kırıkhan 23,405 Hatay
83 Mustafakemalpaşa 23,179 Bursa
84 Yozgat 23,081 Yozgat
85 Çanakkale 22,789 Çanakkale
86 Nizip 22,675 Gaziantep
87 Turhal 22,658 Tokat
88 Polatlı 22,558 Ankara
89 Düzce 22,274 Bolu
90 Adıyaman 22,153 Adıyaman
91 Niğde 21,663 Niğde
92 Uzunköprü 21,537 Edirne
93 Çankırı 21,450 Çankırı
94 Gölcük 21,444 Kocaeli
95 Nevşehir 21,121 Nevşehir
96 Keşan 20,293 Edirne
97 Kozan 20,236 Adana
98 Bolvadin 20,139 Afyonkarahisar
99 Kartal 20,139 Istanbul
100 Ereğli 18,978 Zonguldak
101 Bitlis 18,725 Bitlis
102 Soma 18,633 Manisa
103 Karacabey 18,368 Bursa
104 Çarşamba 18,003 Samsun
105 Sarıkamış 16,618 Kars
106 Menemen 16,588 İzmir
107 Reyhanlı 16,469 Hatay
108 Muğla 16,408 Muğla
109 Ayvalık 16,283 Balıkesir
110 Alaşehir 16,012 Manisa
111 Samandağı15,990 Hatay
112 Kadirli 15,926 Adana
113 Gemlik 15,716 Bursa
114 Iğdır 15,701 Kars
115 Muş 15,687 Muş
116 Birecik 15,317 Urfa
117 Bayburt 15,184 Gümüşhane
118 Ünye 15,039 Ordu
119 Bor 14,309 Niğde
120 Bartın 14,259 Zonguldak
121 Yalova 14,241 Istanbul
122 Tosya 14,119 Kastamonu
123 Erciş 14,072 Van
124 Babaeski 13,879 Kırklareli
125 İslahiye 13,775 Gaziantep
126 Tavşanlı 13,652 Kütahya
127 Elbistan 13,492 Maraş
128 Develi 13,411 Kayseri
129 Sinop 13,354 Sinop
130 Erbaa 13,168 Tokat
131 Karapınar 12,989 Konya
132 Milas 12,987 Muğla
133 Gelibolu 12,945 Çanakkale
134 Sungurlu 12,886 Çorum
135 Burhaniye 12,597 Balıkesir
136 Niksar 12,577 Tokat
137 Urla 12,454 İzmir
138 Alanya 12,436 Antalya
139 İskilip 12,400 Çorum
140 Kırkağaç 12,162 Manisa
141 Silvan 12,158 Diyarbakır
142 Biga 12,063 Çanakkale
143 Yerköy 11,962 Yozgat
144 Silifke 11,864 İçel
145 Bingöl 11,727 Bingöl
146 Torbalı 11,712 İzmir
147 Şereflikoçhisar 11,683 Ankara
148 Gönen 11,666 Balıkesir
149 Besni 11,625 Adıyaman
150 Dörtyol 11,595 Hatay
151 Çayeli 11,496 Rize
152 Yenişehir 11,352 Bursa
153 Dinar 11,298 Afyonkarahisar
154 Bayındır 11,273 İzmir
155 Susurluk 11,268 Balıkesir
156 Anamur 11,246 İçel
157 Viranşehir 11,063 Urfa
158 Emirdağ 10,914 Afyonkarahisar
159 Yalvaç 10,912 Isparta
160 Bozhüyük 10,842 Bilecik
161 Hendek 10,788 Sakarya
162 Tatvan 10,786 Bitlis
163 Malkara 10,763 Tekirdağ
164 Ergani 10,528 Diyarbakır
165 Midyat 10,391 Mardin
166 Havza 10,338 Samsun
167 Erdemli 10,304 İçel
168 Çumra 10,299 Konya
169 Yahyalı 10,283 Kayseri
170 Selçuk 10,227 İzmir
171 Gümüşhacıköy 10,199 Amasya
172 Ilgın 10,196 Konya
173 Sandıklı 10,192 Afyonkarahisar
174 Maden 10,166 Elazığ
175 Bucak 10,094 Burdur
176 Kaman 10,067 Kırşehir
177 Demirci 10,050 Manisa
Population of Turkey according to language
LanguageCensus 1935 [3] [6] Census 1945 [3] [7] Census 1965 [3] [4] [7]
Number %Number %Number %
Turkish 13,899,07386.016,598,03788.328,175,57990.2
Kurdish 1,489,2469.21,476,5627.92,108,7216.9
Zazaki 147,7070.5
Arabic 153,6871.0247,2041.3368.9711.2
Greek 108,7250.788,6800.549.1430.2
Circassian 91,9720.666,6910.457,3370.2
Ladino 79,0000.551,0190.39,1240.0
Armenian 77,0000.556,1790.332,4840.1
Laz 63,2530.446,9870.327,7150.1
Georgian 57,3250.440,0760.232,3340.1
Abaza 10,0990.18,6020.010,6430.0
others110,1370.6157,4490.5
Total15,803,00018,790,17431,391,207

Mother tongues

National level

Languages spoken in Turkey, 1965 census [8]
LanguageMother tongueOnly language spokenSecond best language spoken
Abaza 4,5632807,556
Albanian 12,8321,07539,613
Arabic 365,340189,134167,924
Armenian 33,0941,02222,260
Bosnian 17,6272,34534,892
Bulgarian 4,08835046,742
Pomak 23,1382,77634,234
Chechen 7,5632,5005,063
Circassian 58,3396,40948,621
Croatian 4511,585
Czech 1682576
Dutch 36623219
English 27,84121,766139,867
French 3,30239896,879
Georgian 34,3304,04244,934
German 4,90179035,704
Greek 48,0963,20378,941
Italian 2,9262673,861
Kurdish (Kurmanji)2,219,5021,323,690429,168
Judæo-Spanish 9,9812833,510
Laz 26,0073,94355,158
Persian 948722,103
Polish 11020377
Portuguese 5253,233
Romanian 406536,909
Russian 1,0882844,530
Serbian 6,59977658,802
Spanish 2,7911384,297
Turkish 28,289,68026,925,6491,387,139
Zaza 150,64492,28820,413
Total31,009,93428,583,6072,786,610

Provincial level

Languages spoken in Turkey by provinces, 1965 census [9]
Province / Language Turkish Kurdish Arabic Zazaki Circassian Greek Georgian Armenian Laz Pomak Bosnian Albanian Jewish
Adana [a] 866,3167,58122,35633251510289031248329
Adıyaman 143,054117,32576,7050008440000
Afyonkarahisar 499,4611251912,172169221161421
Ağrı 90,021156,3161054227750110300
Amasya 279,9782,179921,49761,37820860103361
Ankara [b] 1,590,39236,798814213931244166120712683364
Antalya 486,69723200140020010
Artvin 190,1834640047,698112,0931100
Aydın 523,58316885011271414026880
Balıkesir 698,6795603883,1442361,27392051,707314244
Bilecik 137,674540736473112630
Bingöl 62,66856,8811930,87817011110003
Bitlis 56,16192,3273,2632,082205151600012
Bolu [c] 375,786363001,59331,5414881,79104061
Burdur 194,9102700312000010
Bursa 746,6332132207991062,93835517651,1691,92869
Çanakkale 338,3794430251,6045,25849123,6755166121
Çankırı [d] 250,51015810010320000
Çorum 474,6388,736401,8081285137000
Denizli 462,8602832858971102130
Diyarbakır 178,644236,1132,53657,693113134348150
Edirne 290,61038610421918212310,2853295892
Elazığ 244,01647,4461730,92102023012320
Erzincan 243,91114,323132984501223010
Erzurum 555,63269,648862,1851098411247151
Eskişehir 406,2123274201,3904301423114780
Gaziantep 490,04618,95488514604301110
Giresun 425,66530511202,029050000
Gümüşhane [e] 260,4192,1890091000170000
Hakkari [f] 10,35772,36516501012120000
Hatay 350,0805,695127,072778076711376628441
Isparta 265,30568875118910121134
Mersin 500,2071,0679,43023761371312193391
Istanbul 2,185,7412,5862,8432631735,09784929,4791281653,0724,3418,608
İzmir 1,214,21986335251,2878981517151,2892,3491,265753
Kars [g] 471,287133,14461992215685241541
Kastamonu [h] 439,3551,090203218084910000
Kayseri 509,9328,45434817,11011969151601
Kırklareli 252,59460213624535373,3751,14814411
Kırşehir 185,48911,30940200010100
Kocaeli 320,8082350101,467632,755462,2643813,827227
Konya [i] 1,092,81927,8116741,1393715111750
Kütahya 397,221105132174288900340
Malatya 374,44977,7943310145714854030
Manisa 746,514241150488426726541161923
Kahramanmaraş 386,01046,5482104,185001330090
Mardin [j] 35,494265,32879,687607511151100160
Muğla 334,8836410280001004
Muş 110,55583,0203,5755078980131030000
Nevşehir 203,15622000000000220
Niğde [k] 353,1468,9911002275012401540
Ordu 538,9781200504,8153401010
Rize 275,291111109405,7541010
Sakarya 388,4812,16332353864,53522,671232,8997941
Samsun 747,1151,366303,401912,350551319106100
Siirt [l] 46,722179,02338,273484101598301000
Sinop 261,3412,1260065911,14422835073
Sivas 649,09932,28419232,086002171051500
Tekirdağ 284,222548761851952821,627651102
Tokat 483,9483,974735,9340367452009640
Trabzon 590,7997212004,53511100000
Tunceli 120,55333,431202,370280040181080
Şanlıurfa 207,652175,10051,09014,554305240200
Uşak 190,5061620100410000
Van 118,481147,69455731211801166
Yozgat 433,3852,424101,59720118001410
Zonguldak [m] 649,7574326051723150111

  Provinces with Turkish speakers in majority  Provinces with Turkish speakers in plurality  Provinces with Kurdish speakers in plurality  Provinces with Kurdish speakers in majority

Maps of provinces in Turkey by percentage of spoken first language

Source: [10]

Notes

  1. Including Osmaniye
  2. Including Kırıkkale
  3. Including parts of Düzce
  4. Including parts of Karabük
  5. Including Bayburt
  6. Including parts of Şırnak
  7. Including Ardahan and Iğdır
  8. Including parts of Düzce
  9. Including Karaman
  10. Including parts of Batman and parts of Şırnak
  11. Including Aksaray
  12. Including parts of Batman and parts of Şırnak
  13. Including Bartın and parts of Karabük

References

  1. Güvenç, Muna (2011). "Constructing Narratives of Kurdish Nationalism in the Urban Space of Diyarbakir, Turkey". Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. 23 (1): 26. ISSN   1050-2092.
  2. ""Türkiye'nin yüzde 90'ı Türkçe konuşuyor"" ["90 percent of Türkiye speaks Turkish"]. Cumhuriyet (in Turkish). 21 November 2009. Archived from the original on 5 January 2025. Retrieved 6 April 2025.
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