Several British members of Parliament have been sponsored by mining trade unions. Many were sponsored by the National Union of Mineworkers, its predecessor the Miners' Federation of Great Britain, and the local trade unions which preceded it.
A small number of MPs were sponsored by other trade unions related to the mining industry, such as the Cumberland Iron Ore Miners' and Kindred Trades' Association, the North Wales Quarrymen's Union, and the National Association of Colliery Overmen, Deputies and Shotfirers, and are covered in the articles on those unions. Other miners and people related to the mining industry were elected without being sponsored by a trade union, and are not listed here.
John Normansell, leader of the South Yorkshire Miners' Association, presented a paper at the 1869 Trades Union Congress, on "the best means to secure the direct representation of labour in the Commons". This led to the formation of the Labour Representation League, but miners did not initially join the organisation. [1]
At the 1874 United Kingdom general election, four miners stood for Parliament, with two winning seats, the first working class members of Parliament in the UK. Alexander Macdonald in Stafford stood as "Secretary of the Miners' Association of Scotland and President of the Miners' National Association", and Thomas Burt in Morpeth stood as a "Radical Labour" candidate. However, both worked with the Liberal Party in Parliament, and they were the first members of what became known as the Liberal-Labour group. Their seats were held at the 1880 United Kingdom general election, and from 1884 the Miners' National Union founded local political associations in areas where there were many miners. The Reform Act 1885 enfranchised many miners in rural areas for the first time, and this allowed six miners to win election. In 1886, the local political association formed the Labour Electoral Association, and when the Miners' Federation of Great Britain (MFGB) was founded in 1889, its affiliated unions continued to support liberal candidates through the association. [1]
Keir Hardie, of the Ayrshire Miners' Union, first won a seat as an independent at the 1892 United Kingdom general election, and this spurred him to form the Independent Labour Party and, in 1900, the Labour Representation Committee (LRC). [1] The MFGB initially believed that the committee would not be successful and remained apart, but from 1902 it raised a centralised Labour Political Fund of one shilling per member, to stand working coal miners or officials as Parliamentary candidates, and then to support successful members of Parliament, as they were otherwise unpaid. Candidates were free to stand under the label of any political party, or as independents, although in practice affiliations were agreed with the local union. At the 1906 United Kingdom general election, this led to the election of eleven out of sixteen MFGB candidates. [2]
In 1906, the MFGB narrowly voted against affiliating to the LRC. By 1908, the LRC had become the Labour Party, and a second vote was held, this time resulting in a clear majority for affiliation. Some existing MPs were reluctant to transfer, so it was agreed that they would not have to join the Labour Party group in Parliament until the next general election. This was held in January 1910, and resulted in fifteen mining trade union MPs, approximately a third of the total size of the party. [2] However, a few mining MPs refused to take the Labour whip, and remained part of the Liberal-Labour group until 1918. [3]
Miners were uniquely well placed to win seats in Parliament; by 1918, they constituted more than 30% of the total electorate of forty constituencies, [3] and unlike many other unions, the MFGB focused on standing members in these seats, where it had the strongest membership. [4] After 1918, Labour won the majority of seats in the coalfields. In Yorkshire, Derbyshire and Durham, the county unions increased political levies, to employ political organisers and election agents, and also support more union members in local elections. While the miners' union MPs suffered in the 1931 United Kingdom general election, alongside the party as a whole, things soon rebounded. [3] The MFGB remained the largest union in the country until 1937, and also had sponsored the most Labour Party candidates, had the largest number of members affiliated to the Labour Party, and typically had the largest political fund of any union. This ensured that it remained influential and able to get its members selected in many promising constituencies. [4]
The choice of candidates remained in the hands of the county unions affiliated to the MFGB. Half of the MFGB's political fund was retained by its affiliates, enabling them to conduct additional political activity, such as campaigning for other Labour candidates. The South Wales Miners' Federation instead used the funds to sponsor additional candidates, so that by 1931 it stood 10 candidates, despite the MFGB only directly providing enough funding for five. This election saw the peak of MFGB influence, with half of all the Labour MPs elected being sponsored by the union. [4]
The mining MPs were not compelled to vote in the interests of the union, and were sometimes in conflict with it, but there was generally a close relationship. The MFGB got the MPs to propose legislation which it favoured, organise access to the government, and to ask questions and obtain information from government ministers. [4]
The MFGB reformed as the more centralised National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) in 1945, the affiliated unions becoming areas of the NUM. The number of coal miners, and with it the membership of the NUM, steadily declined, and with it the number of safe mining constituencies, and the number of sponsored candidates, which reached a low of 13 in 1987. While the selection of candidates remained a matter for the areas, they were required to be members of the NUM, and have worked in the mines or for the union for at least five years. By the 1970s, the union was tending to select younger candidates. However, unlike many other unions, it did not sponsor existing MPs from outside the industry, and as a result, by the late 1980s, none of its MPs held leading roles in the Labour Party. [5] [6]
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Merthyr Tydfil | Thomas Halliday | 4,912 | 25.3 | 3 | Amalgamated Association |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | 3,332 | 85.1 | 1 | Northumberland |
Stafford | Alexander Macdonald | 1,183 | 27.7 | 2 | National Union |
Wigan | William Pickard | 1,134 | 12.7 | 4 | Amalgamated Association |
Macdonald was elected by taking second place in a two-seat constituency.
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Northumberland |
Stafford | Alexander Macdonald | 1,345 | 25.8 | 1 | National Union |
Macdonald was elected by taking second place in a two-seat constituency
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chesterfield | James Haslam | 1,907 | 25.6 | 3 | Derbyshire |
Houghton-le-Spring | John Wilson | 6,511 | 57.7 | 1 | Durham |
Mid Durham | William Crawford | 5,799 | 64.1 | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Northumberland |
Normanton | Ben Pickard | 5,615 | 60.2 | 1 | Yorkshire |
Rhondda | William Abraham | 3,859 | 56.3 | 1 | Cambrian |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | 5,858 | 68.4 | 1 | Northumberland |
Abraham stood as an independent Liberal-Labour candidate.
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Houghton-le-Spring | John Wilson | 5,059 | 46.3 | 2 | Durham |
Mid Durham | William Crawford | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Northumberland |
Normanton | Ben Pickard | 4,771 | 56.2 | 1 | Yorkshire |
Rhondda | William Abraham | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Cambrian |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | 5,235 | 75.4 | 1 | Northumberland |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1890 Mid Durham by-election | John Wilson | 5,468 | 61.8 | 1 | Durham |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ince | Sam Woods | 4,579 | 51.3 | 1 | Lancashire and Cheshire |
Mid Durham | John Wilson | 5,661 | 60.7 | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Northumberland |
Normanton | Ben Pickard | 6,134 | 61.7 | 1 | Yorkshire |
Rhondda | William Abraham | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Cambrian |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | 5,696 | 66.1 | 1 | Northumberland |
Wigan | Thomas Aspinwall | 3,312 | 49.2 | 2 | Lancashire and Cheshire |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ince | Sam Woods | 4,790 | 47.8 | 2 | Lancashire and Cheshire |
Mid Durham | John Wilson | 5,937 | 58.0 | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | 3,404 | 73.4 | 1 | Northumberland |
Normanton | Ben Pickard | 5,499 | 58.3 | 1 | Yorkshire |
Rhondda | William Abraham | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Cambrian |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | 5,629 | 69.9 | 1 | Northumberland |
Wigan | Thomas Aspinwall | 3,075 | 43.8 | 2 | Lancashire and Cheshire |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hanley | Enoch Edwards | 5,944 | 47.4 | 1 | Midland |
Mid Durham | John Wilson | 5,565 | 57.5 | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | 3,117 | 53.5 | 1 | Northumberland |
Normanton | Ben Pickard | 5,025 | 58.2 | 1 | Yorkshire |
Nuneaton | William Johnson | 4,432 | 43.6 | 2 | Midland |
Rhondda | William Abraham | 8,383 | 81.7 | 1 | South Wales |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | 5,474 | 56.1 | 1 | Northumberland |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1904 Gateshead by-election | John Johnson | 8,220 | 54.0 | 1 | Durham |
1904 Normanton by-election | William Parrott | 6,855 | 70.2 | 1 | Yorkshire |
1904 West Monmouthshire by-election | Thomas Richards | 7,995 | 70.4 | 1 | South Wales |
1905 Normanton by-election | Frederick Hall | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Yorkshire |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [2] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chesterfield | James Haslam | 7,254 | 56.5 | 1 | Derbyshire |
Gateshead | John Johnson | 9,651 | 65.3 | 1 | Durham |
Gower | John Williams | 4,841 | 42.8 | 1 | South Wales |
Hallamshire | John Wadsworth | 8,375 | 55.2 | 1 | Yorkshire |
Hanley | Enoch Edwards | 9,183 | 68.2 | 1 | Midland |
Mid Durham | John Wilson | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | 5,518 | 74.2 | 1 | Northumberland |
Normanton | Frederick Hall | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Yorkshire |
Nuneaton | William Johnson | 7,677 | 56.8 | 1 | Midland |
Rhondda | William Abraham | unopposed | N/A | 1 | South Wales |
South Glamorganshire | William Brace | 10,514 | 63.3 | 1 | South Wales |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | 10,386 | 76.4 | 1 | Northumberland |
West Monmouthshire | Thomas Richards | unopposed | N/A | 1 | South Wales |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1907 North East Derbyshire by-election | W. E. Harvey | 6,644 | 52.9 | 1 | Derbyshire |
1907 North West Staffordshire by-election | Albert Stanley | 7,396 | 59.4 | 1 | Midland |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mid Durham | John Wilson | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | 5,874 | 66.1 | 1 | Northumberland |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | 10,872 | 70.0 | 1 | Northumberland |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [7] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mid Durham | John Wilson | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Durham |
Morpeth | Thomas Burt | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Northumberland |
Wansbeck | Charles Fenwick | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Northumberland |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1913 Chesterfield by-election | Barnet Kenyon | 7,725 | 55.8 | 1 | Derbyshire |
1915 Mid Durham by-election | Samuel Galbraith | unopposed | N/A | 1 | Durham |
Party | Election | Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Scottish United Trades Councils Labour Party | 1892 United Kingdom general election | Edinburgh Central | John Wilson | 434 | 7.3 | 3 | Scottish [8] |
Scottish United Trades Councils Labour Party | 1892 United Kingdom general election | Stirlingshire | Robert Chisholm Robertson | 663 | 6.3 | 3 | Scottish [8] |
Scottish Labour Party | 1894 Mid Lanarkshire by-election | Mid Lanarkshire | 1,221 | 13.8 | 3 | Scottish [8] | |
Independent Labour Party | 1895 United Kingdom general election | Glasgow Camlachie | Robert Smillie | 696 | 10.9 | 3 | Scottish [8] |
Independent Labour | 1906 United Kingdom general election | Chester-le-Street | John Wilkinson Taylor | 8,805 | 45.6 | 1 | Durham Colliery Mechanics |
Independent Labour | 1918 by-election | Wansbeck | Ebby Edwards | 5,267 | 47.5 | 2 | Northumberland |
Election | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Position | Sponsor [9] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1901 North East Lanarkshire by-election | Robert Smillie | 2,900 | 21.7 | 3 | Scottish |
1904 North East Lanarkshire by-election | John Robertson | 3,984 | 27.9 | 3 | Scottish |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Position | Sponsor [9] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Falkirk Burghs | David Gilmour | 1,763 | 17.5 | 3 | Scottish |
North Ayrshire | James Brown | 2,684 | 20.8 | 3 | Scottish |
North East Lanarkshire | John Robertson | 4,658 | 29.2 | 3 | Scottish |
North West Lanarkshire | Joseph Sullivan | 3,291 | 23.9 | 3 | Scottish |
Paisley | Robert Smillie | 2,482 | 23.1 | 3 | Scottish |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [10] [11] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ince | Stephen Walsh | 8,046 | 70.2 | 1 | Lancashire and Cheshire |
St Helens | Thomas Glover | 6,088 | 56.6 | 1 | Lancashire and Cheshire |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [12] |
---|---|---|---|---|
1906 Cockermouth by-election | Robert Smillie | 1,436 | 14.5 | 3 |
1909 Mid Derbyshire by-election | John George Hancock | 6,735 | 60.5 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [12] |
---|---|---|---|---|
1910 Mid Glamorgan by-election | Vernon Hartshorn | 6,210 | 41.0 | 2 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [12] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Bishop Auckland | William House | 3,993 | 33.2 | 2 |
Chester-le-Street | John Wilkinson Taylor | unopposed | N/A | 1 |
Chesterfield | James Haslam | 7,283 | 59.0 | 1 |
East Glamorgan | Charles Stanton | 4,675 | 24.1 | 3 |
Gower | John Williams | 5,480 | 54.8 | 1 |
Hallamshire | John Wadsworth | 8,708 | 59.9 | 1 |
Hanley | Enoch Edwards | 8,343 | 64.2 | 1 |
Ince | Stephen Walsh | 7,117 | 57.2 | 1 |
Manchester East | John Edward Sutton | 5,524 | 54.3 | 1 |
Mid Derbyshire | John Hancock | 6,557 | 60.5 | 1 |
Mid Glamorganshire | Vernon Hartshorn | 6,102 | 44.5 | 2 |
Mid Lanarkshire | Robert Smillie | 3,847 | 24.7 | 3 |
Normanton | Frederick Hall | unopposed | N/A | 1 |
North East Derbyshire | William Edwin Harvey | 7,838 | 56.3 | 1 |
North West Staffordshire | Albert Stanley | 8,125 | 62.2 | 1 |
Nuneaton | William Johnson | 8,199 | 52.2 | 1 |
Rhondda | William Abraham | 9,073 | 71.0 | 1 |
St Helens | Thomas Glover | 5,752 | 48.9 | 2 |
South Glamorganshire | William Brace | 10,910 | 58.4 | 1 |
West Fife | William Adamson | 6,128 | 53.0 | 1 |
West Monmouthshire | Thomas Richards | unopposed | N/A | 1 |
Whitehaven | Thomas Richardson | 1,414 | 53.7 | 1 |
Wigan | Henry Twist | 4,110 | 46.8 | 2 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [12] |
---|---|---|---|---|
1911 North East Lanarkshire by-election | John Robertson | 2,879 | 16.3 | 3 |
1912 Holmfirth by-election | William Lunn | 3,195 | 28.2 | 3 |
1912 Hanley by-election | Samuel Finney | 1,694 | 11.8 | 3 |
1912 Midlothian by-election | Robert Brown | 2,415 | 16.7 | 3 |
1913 Houghton-le-Spring by-election | William House | 4,165 | 26.2 | 3 |
1913 South Lanarkshire by-election | Thomas Gibb | 1,674 | 16.8 | 3 |
1914 North East Derbyshire by-election | James Martin | 3,669 | 22.5 | 3 |
1915 Merthyr Tydfil by-election | James Winstone | 6,080 | 37.2 | 2 |
1916 North West Staffordshire by-election | Samuel Finney | unopposed | N/A | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1919 Bothwell by-election | John Robertson | 13,135 | 68.8 | 1 |
1919 Pontefract by-election | Isaac Burns | 8,445 | 46.0 | 2 |
1919 Chester-le-Street by-election | Jack Lawson | 17,838 | 77.1 | 1 |
1920 Abertillery by-election | George Barker | 15,942 | 66.4 | 1 |
1921 Penistone by-election | William Gillis | 8,560 | 36.2 | 1 |
1922 Tamworth by-election | George Henry Jones | 6,671 | 31.2 | 2 |
1922 Manchester Clayton by-election | John Edward Sutton | 14,662 | 57.1 | 1 |
1922 Gower by-election | David Rhys Grenfell | 13,296 | 57.5 | 1 |
1922 Pontypridd by-election | Thomas Isaac Mardy Jones | 16,630 | 57.0 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor [14] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1923 Morpeth by-election | Robert Smillie | 20,053 | 60.5 | 1 | Northumberland |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position | Sponsor |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1926 Bothwell by-election | Joseph Sullivan | 14,830 | 59.7 | 1 | |
1929 Wansbeck by-election | George Shield | 20,398 | 58.0 | 1 [15] | Northumberland [14] |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1931 Pontypridd by-election | David Lewis Davies | 20,687 | 59.9 | 1 [17] |
1931 Ogmore by-election | Edward Williams | 19,356 | 78.8 | 1 [17] |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1933 Rhondda East by-election | William Mainwaring | 14,127 | 42.5 | 1 [19] |
1933 Normanton by-election | Tom Smith | unopposed | N/A | 1 [19] |
1933 Wentworth by-election | Wilfred Paling | unopposed | N/A | 1 [20] |
1934 Hemsworth by-election | George Griffiths | unopposed | N/A | 1 [20] |
1934 Merthyr by-election | S. O. Davies | 18,645 | 51.8 | 1 [20] |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1936 Llanelly by-election | Jim Griffiths | 32,188 | 66.8 | 1 [22] |
1938 Barnsley by-election | Frank Collindridge | 23,566 | 64.4 | 1 [23] |
1939 South Ayrshire by-election | Alexander Sloan | 17,908 | 58.0 | 1 [23] |
1942 North East Derbyshire by-election | Henry White | unopposed | N/A | 1 [24] |
1942 Wigan by-election | William Foster | unopposed | N/A | 1 [24] |
1942 Spennymoor by-election | James Murray | unopposed | N/A | 1 [24] |
1942 Rothwell by-election | Thomas Brooks | unopposed | N/A | 1 [24] |
1942 Ince by-election | Tom Brown | unopposed | N/A | 1 [24] |
1943 Hamilton by-election | Tom Fraser | unopposed | N/A | 1 [24] |
1943 Consett by-election | James Glanville | unopposed | N/A | 1 [24] |
1944 Clay Cross by-election | Harold Neal | 13,693 | 76.3 | 1 [24] |
1945 Neath by-election | D. J. Williams | 30,847 | 79.3 | 1 [24] |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1946 Hemsworth by-election | Horace Holmes | unopposed | N/A | 1 |
1946 Ogmore by-election | John Evans | 13,632 | 70.6 | 1 |
1946 Aberdare by-election | David Thomas | 24,215 | 68.3 | 1 |
1947 Normanton by-election | George Sylvester | 19,085 | 79.8 | 1 |
1948 Wigan by-election | Ronald Williams | 28,941 | 59.1 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1953 Barnsley by-election | Roy Mason | 29,283 | 72.9 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1956 Blaydon by-election | Robert Woof | 18,791 | 69.9 | 1 |
1956 Chester-le-Street by-election | Norman Pentland | 27,912 | 80.8 | 1 |
1958 Wigan by-election | Alan Fitch | 27,415 | 71.0 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1962 Pontefract by-election | Joseph Harper | 26,461 | 77.3 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1965 Abertillery by-election | Clifford Williams | 18,256 | 79.0 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1967 Hamilton by-election | Alexander Wilson | 16,598 | 41.5 | 2 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [32] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Barnsley | Roy Mason | 34,956 | 64.8 | 1 |
Blaydon | Robert Woof | 25,724 | 64.9 | 1 |
Bolsover | Dennis Skinner | 28,830 | 77.5 | 1 |
Carlton | Carl Bennett | 27,043 | 40.4 | 2 |
Chesterfield | Eric Varley | 30,386 | 59.0 | 1 |
Chester-le-Street | Norman Pentland | 33,694 | 71.6 | 1 |
Dearne Valley | Edwin Wainwright | 33,966 | 75.1 | 1 |
Don Valley | Richard Kelley | 42,496 | 69.5 | 1 |
Dunfermline Burghs | Adam Hunter | 21,532 | 57.1 | 1 |
Hamilton | Alexander Wilson | 25,431 | 53.0 | 1 |
Hemsworth | Alan Beaney | 40,013 | 80.8 | 1 |
Ince | Michael McGuire | 32,295 | 68.5 | 1 |
Liverpool West Derby | Eric Ogden | 22,324 | 57.3 | 1 |
Mansfield | Don Concannon | 30,554 | 66.1 | 1 |
Midlothian | Alex Eadie | 30,802 | 52.9 | 1 |
Morpeth | George Grant | 21,826 | 60.4 | 1 |
Normanton | Albert Roberts | 28,421 | 68.4 | 1 |
North East Derbyshire | Thomas Swain | 38,181 | 60.9 | 1 |
Pontefract | Joseph Harper | 31,774 | 74.8 | 1 |
Rhondda East | Elfed Davies | 19,602 | 68.7 | 1 |
Wigan | Alan Fitch | 28,102 | 67.5 | 1 |
By-election | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
1972 Rochdale by-election | Lawrence Cunliffe | 14,203 | 31.1 | 2 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [33] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Barnsley | Roy Mason | 40,595 | 71.8 | 1 |
Blaydon | Robert Woof | 22,279 | 58.7 | 1 |
Bolsover | Dennis Skinner | 30,787 | 76.5 | 1 |
Cardiff North West | Charlie Blewett | 10,641 | 29.9 | 2 |
Chesterfield | Eric Varley | 31,040 | 54.8 | 1 |
Dearne Valley | Edwin Wainwright | 34,727 | 68.8 | 1 |
Don Valley | Richard Kelley | 48,737 | 70.1 | 1 |
Dunfermline | Adam Hunter | 19,201 | 39.3 | 1 |
Hamilton | Alexander Wilson | 19,070 | 48.0 | 1 |
Hemsworth | Alec Woodall | 44,093 | 82.8 | 1 |
Ince | Michael McGuire | 39,822 | 70.0 | 1 |
Liverpool West Derby | Eric Ogden | 22,689 | 54.7 | 1 |
Mansfield | Don Concannon | 34,378 | 64.5 | 1 |
Midlothian | Alex Eadie | 32,220 | 44.7 | 1 |
Morpeth | George Grant | 22,026 | 56.4 | 1 |
Normanton | Albert Roberts | 29,621 | 67.2 | 1 |
North East Derbyshire | Thomas Swain | 29,602 | 57.0 | 1 |
Pontefract and Castleford | Joseph Harper | 34,409 | 74.8 | 1 |
Rochdale | Lawrence Cunliffe | 16,367 | 31.8 | 2 |
Rushcliffe | Michael Gallagher | 12,119 | 22.6 | 2 |
Wigan | Alan Fitch | 30,485 | 71.3 | 1 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [34] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Barnsley | Roy Mason | 34,212 | 65.3 | 1 |
Berwick-upon-Tweed | G. Spain | 4,768 | 14.0 | 3 |
Blaydon | Robert Woof | 23,743 | 52.3 | 1 |
Bolsover | Dennis Skinner | 27,275 | 70.6 | 1 |
Cardiff North West | Charlie Blewett | 11,319 | 32.7 | 2 |
Chesterfield | Eric Varley | 30,953 | 59.9 | 1 |
Dearne Valley | Edwin Wainwright | 33,315 | 74.1 | 1 |
Don Valley | Richard Kelley | 41,187 | 63.3 | 1 |
Dunfermline | Adam Hunter | 18,470 | 40.1 | 1 |
Hamilton | Alexander Wilson | 18,487 | 47.6 | 1 |
Hemsworth | Alec Woodall | 37,467 | 76.5 | 1 |
Ince | Michael McGuire | 35,453 | 63.5 | 1 |
Liverpool West Derby | Eric Ogden | 23,964 | 60.5 | 1 |
Mansfield | Don Concannon | 28,964 | 57.4 | 1 |
Midlothian | Alex Eadie | 28,652 | 41.5 | 1 |
Morpeth | George Grant | 22,696 | 63.8 | 1 |
Normanton | Albert Roberts | 24,372 | 58.7 | 1 |
North East Derbyshire | Thomas Swain | 25,234 | 49.9 | 1 |
Pontefract and Castleford | Joseph Harper | 30,208 | 70.4 | 1 |
Wigan | Alan Fitch | 27,692 | 65.8 | 1 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [35] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ashfield | Frank Haynes | 33,116 | 52.8 | 1 |
Barnsley | Roy Mason | 36,276 | 64.0 | 1 |
Bolsover | Dennis Skinner | 27,495 | 66.6 | 1 |
Carlton | Arthur Palmer | 18,989 | 31.4 | 2 |
Chesterfield | Eric Varley | 31,049 | 57.4 | 1 |
Dearne Valley | Edwin Wainwright | 31,783 | 68.8 | 1 |
Don Valley | Michael Welsh | 39,603 | 55.6 | 1 |
Hemsworth | Alec Woodall | 36,509 | 69.6 | 1 |
Ince | Michael McGuire | 34,599 | 56.2 | 1 |
Leigh | Lawrence Cunliffe | 27,736 | 54.1 | 1 |
Liverpool West Derby | Eric Ogden | 22,576 | 55.5 | 1 |
Mansfield | Don Concannon | 29,051 | 52.3 | 1 |
Midlothian | Alex Eadie | 37,773 | 47.8 | 1 |
Morpeth | George Grant | 21,744 | 56.3 | 1 |
North East Derbyshire | Raymond Ellis | 27,218 | 48.1 | 1 |
Normanton | Albert Roberts | 26,591 | 56.4 | 1 |
Rushcliffe | Clive Atkins | 11,712 | 21.3 | 2 |
Wigan | Alan Fitch | 26,144 | 59.8 | 1 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [36] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ashfield | Frank Haynes | 21,859 | 41.7 | 1 |
Barnsley Central | Roy Mason | 21,847 | 59.8 | 1 |
Barnsley East | Terry Patchett | 23,905 | 66.3 | 1 |
Bolsover | Dennis Skinner | 26,514 | 56.3 | 1 |
Chesterfield | Eric Varley | 23,881 | 48.1 | 1 |
Doncaster North | Michael Welsh | 26,626 | 52.8 | 1 |
Don Valley | Martin Redmond | 23,036 | 45.1 | 1 |
Hemsworth | Alec Woodall | 22,081 | 59.3 | 1 |
Leigh | Lawrence Cunliffe | 25,477 | 51.2 | 1 |
Mansfield | Don Concannon | 18,670 | 40.5 | 1 |
Makerfield | Michael McGuire | 25,114 | 49.3 | 1 |
Midlothian | Alex Eadie | 19,401 | 42.7 | 1 |
North East Derbyshire | Raymond Ellis | 21,094 | 40.8 | 1 |
Rother Valley | Kevin Barron | 21,781 | 46.5 | 1 |
Wansbeck | Jack Thompson | 21,732 | 47.0 | 1 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position |
---|---|---|---|---|
Barnsley Central | Eric Illsley | 26,139 | 66.8 | 1 |
Barnsley East | Terry Patchett | 29,948 | 74.5 | 1 |
Blyth Valley | Ronnie Campbell | 19,604 | 42.5 | 1 |
Bolsover | Dennis Skinner | 28,453 | 56.2 | 1 |
Clydesdale | Jimmy Hood | 21,826 | 45.3 | 1 |
Doncaster North | Michael Welsh | 32,950 | 61.8 | 1 |
Don Valley | Martin Redmond | 29,200 | 53.1 | 1 |
Easington | John Cummings | 32,396 | 68.1 | 1 |
Hemsworth | George Buckley | 27,859 | 67.0 | 1 |
Leigh | Lawrence Cunliffe | 30,064 | 58.6 | 1 |
Midlothian | Alex Eadie | 22,553 | 48.3 | 1 |
Rother Valley | Kevin Barron | 28,292 | 56.4 | 1 |
Wansbeck | Jack Thompson | 28,080 | 57.5 | 1 |
Constituency | Candidate | Votes | % | Position [37] [38] |
---|---|---|---|---|
Barnsley Central | Eric Illsley | 27,048 | 69.3 | 1 |
Barnsley East | Terry Patchett | 30,346 | 77.2 | 1 |
Barnsley West and Penistone | Michael Clapham | 27,965 | 58.3 | 1 |
Blyth Valley | Ronnie Campbell | 24,542 | 49.9 | 1 |
Bolsover | Dennis Skinner | 33,978 | 64.5 | 1 |
Clydesdale | Jimmy Hood | 21,418 | 44.6 | 1 |
Doncaster North | Kevin Hughes | 34,135 | 61.8 | 1 |
Don Valley | Martin Redmond | 32,008 | 55.0 | 1 |
Easington | John Cummings | 34,269 | 72.7 | 1 |
Leigh | Lawrence Cunliffe | 32,225 | 61.3 | 1 |
Midlothian | Eric Clarke | 20,588 | 43.9 | 1 |
Rother Valley | Kevin Barron | 30,977 | 60.5 | 1 |
Sunderland North | Bill Etherington | 30,481 | 60.7 | 1 |
Wansbeck | Jack Thompson | 30,046 | 59.7 | 1 |
The National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) is a trade union for coal miners in Great Britain, formed in 1945 from the Miners' Federation of Great Britain (MFGB). The NUM took part in three national miners' strikes, in 1972, 1974 and 1984–85. Following the 1984–85 strike, and the subsequent closure of most of Britain's coal mines, it became a much smaller union. It had around 170,000 members when Arthur Scargill became leader in 1981, a figure which had fallen in 2023 to an active membership of 82.
The Miners' Federation of Great Britain (MFGB) was established after a meeting of local mining trade unions in Newport, Wales in 1888. The federation was formed to represent and co-ordinate the affairs of local and regional miners' unions in England, Scotland and Wales whose associations remained largely autonomous. At its peak, the federation represented nearly one million workers. It was reorganised into the National Union of Mineworkers in 1945.
The Liberal–Labour movement refers to the practice of local Liberal associations accepting and supporting candidates who were financially maintained by trade unions. These candidates stood for the British Parliament with the aim of representing the working classes, while remaining supportive of the Liberal Party in general.
The Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU) was a major British trade union. It merged with the Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunications and Plumbing Union to form the Amalgamated Engineering and Electrical Union in 1992.
Richard Kelley was a British trade unionist and left-wing Labour Party politician from the coal mining area of Doncaster. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Don Valley from 1959 to 1979.
The South Wales Miners' Federation (SWMF), nicknamed "The Fed", was a trade union for coal miners in South Wales. It survives as the South Wales Area of the National Union of Mineworkers.
Ebenezer Edwards was a trade unionist and politician in Britain.
Hanley was a borough constituency in Staffordshire which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom between 1885 and 1950. Elections were held using the first past the post voting system.
The 1888 Mid Lanarkshire by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 27 April 1888 for the House of Commons constituency of Mid Lanarkshire in Scotland.
The 1913 Chesterfield by-election was a by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Chesterfield in Derbyshire on 20 August 1913.
George Alfred Spencer was an English miner, trade union leader and Member of Parliament from 1918 to 1929 for Broxtowe.
The North East Derbyshire by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 20 May 1914. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system. About a third of the electorate were directly involved in the mining industry. This was the penultimate by-election to take place before the outbreak of the First World War. It demonstrated the weakness of support for the Labour party in 1914 when opposed by a Liberal party candidate.
The Cumberland Miners' Association was a trade union in the United Kingdom.
Sir Harold Elverston was a British Liberal Party politician.
The United Textile Factory Workers' Association (UTFWA) was a trade union federation in Great Britain. It was active from 1889 until 1975.
The Labour Representation Committee (LRC) was a pressure group founded in 1900 as an alliance of socialist organisations and trade unions, aimed at increasing representation for labour interests in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. The Labour Party traces its origin to the LRC's foundation.
This article lists the Labour Party's election results in elections from it adopting the "Labour Party" name in 1906 until the end of the 1918 to 1922 Parliament.
This article lists the Labour Party's election results from the 1922 United Kingdom general election to 1929, including by-elections.
This article lists the Labour Party's election results from the 1929 United Kingdom general election until 1945, including by-elections.
Trade union sponsorship of UK members of Parliament was a phenomenon whereby a union supported a member of the House of Commons with financial contributions.
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