List of MPs elected in the 1832 United Kingdom general election

Last updated

1832–1835 Parliament of the United Kingdom
← 1831–1832 Parliament 1835–1837 Parliament →
The Palace of Westminster on Fire, 1834.JPG
The Palace of Westminster on fire in 1834
Overview
Legislative body Parliament of the United Kingdom
JurisdictionUnited Kingdom
Meeting place Palace of Westminster
Election 1832 United Kingdom general election
Crown-in-Parliament
William IV

This is a list of the 658 Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons of the 11th Parliament of the United Kingdom at the 1832 general election , held over several days from 8 December 1832 to 8 January 1833.

Contents

A total of 401 constituencies returned members. 153 constituencies returned one member each; 240 constituencies returned two members each; 7 constituencies returned 3 members each; and one constituency returned 4 members.

Background

Lord John Russell, architect of the Reform Act 1832 was elected in 1832 as MP for Devonshire Southern John Russell, 1st Earl Russell by Sir Francis Grant detail.jpg
Lord John Russell, architect of the Reform Act 1832 was elected in 1832 as MP for Devonshire Southern

1832 was the first general election in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Representation of the People Act 1832 (commonly known as the "Reform Act 1832" or the "Great Reform Act") had introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system. The Act disenfranchised many small towns (some of which were known as rotten boroughs), reduced the number of MPs elected by some of the remaining boroughs, and created 65 new seats for the counties and 65 new seats for parliamentary boroughs.

The Act also increased the number of individuals entitled to vote, allowing a total of one out of six adult males to vote, but included the first statutory bar to women voting. The franchise was subsequently extended in several steps over the next century, culminating in the Representation of the People (Equal Franchise) Act 1928, which allowed all adult men and women to vote.

Not all constituencies voted. Where the number of candidates did not exceed the number of seats, members were returned unopposed; this was the case for 189 of the 658 members returned. [1]

Explanatory notes

Scope

The list of MPs records those MPs listed in the London Gazette as having been "returned to serve in the new Parliament". It does not include those subsequently elected in by-elections.

Where the election of an MP was subsequently overturned as a result of an election petition, the relevant entry in the list is shown in italics, and a footnote added to explain the circumstances. For a list of results which were overturned, see below: overturned elections.

Parties

The party labels for MPs in this period should be treated with caution.

The source for party affiliation of MPs for constituencies in England, Scotland and Wales is F. W. S. Craig's British Parliamentary election results 1832–1885. Craig does not distinguish between Liberals, Radicals and Whigs, labeling them all as "Liberal". Similarly, Craig does not distinguish between those who described themselves as Conservatives and those described as Tory, labeling them all as "Conservative". That convention has been followed in this list, with one variation: the label "Tory" has been used for Conservatives and Tories, because the term "Conservative" was not officially adopted by the party until 1834. Craig's volume covers only two years before that date, and 51 years after it, so "Conservative" is the more appropriate term for the period as a whole; but for 1832, it is an anachronism.

Craig warns that party affiliations in the period were fluid and cannot always be accurately assessed, and that some candidates could have been equally well described as either "Liberal" or "Conservative". [2]

Walker's Parliamentary election results in Ireland, 1801–1922 is the source for the party affiliations of the MPs for constituencies in Ireland. Walker also uses the labels "Liberal" and "Conservative", but warns that they are an "over-simplification", noting that until 1868 neither term was used consistently by contemporaries. [3]

Thomas Langlois Lefroy (Dublin University) was one of six MPs elected for university constituencies Thomas Langlois Lefroy.jpg
Thomas Langlois Lefroy (Dublin University) was one of six MPs elected for university constituencies

A number of Irish MPs have been labelled as "Repeal", referring to the Repeal Association. Walker assigned this label to MPs who "signed the repeal pledge, advocated it at this election, or supported repeal measures in the ensuing parliament". [3]

Types of constituency

There were three types of constituency, each with different arrangements for the franchise:

List of MPs elected

Parties
Liberal Party
Tory
Repeal

Edit by initial letter of constituencies: A–B • C • D–E • F–I • J–L • M–N • O–R • S–T • U–Z

ConstituencySeatsTypeCountryCountyMemberParty
Aberdeen [4] 1BurghScotland Aberdeenshire Alexander Bannerman Liberal
Aberdeenshire [4] 1CountyScotland Aberdeenshire Capt. William Gordon Tory
Abingdon [5] 1BoroughEngland Berkshire Thomas Duffield Tory
Andover [6] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire Henry Arthur Wallop Fellowes Liberal
Andover [6] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire Ralph Etwall Liberal
Anglesey [7] 1CountyWales Anglesey Sir Richard Williams-Bulkeley, Bt Liberal
Antrim [8] 2CountyIreland Antrim John O'Neill Tory
Antrim [8] 2CountyIreland Antrim Earl of Belfast Liberal
Argyllshire [9] 1CountyScotland Argyllshire James Henry Callander Liberal
Armagh [10] 1BoroughIreland Armagh Leonard Dobbin Liberal
County Armagh [11] 2CountyIreland Armagh Viscount Acheson Liberal
County Armagh [11] 2CountyIreland Armagh William Verner Tory
Arundel [12] 1BoroughEngland Sussex Lord Dudley Stuart Liberal
Ashburton [13] 1BoroughEngland Devon William Stephen Poyntz Liberal
Ashton-under-Lyne [14] 1BoroughEngland Lancashire George Williams Liberal
Athlone [11] 1BoroughIreland Westmeath & Roscommon James Talbot Liberal
Aylesbury [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire Henry Hanmer Tory
Aylesbury [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire William Rickford Liberal
Ayr Burghs [15] 1DistrictScotland Ayrshire Thomas Francis Kennedy Liberal
Ayrshire [16] 1CountyScotland Ayrshire Richard Oswald Liberal
Banbury [8] 1BoroughEngland Oxfordshire Henry William Tancred Liberal
Bandon [17] 1BoroughIreland Cork William Smyth Bernard Tory
Banffshire [9] 1CountyScotland Banffshire George Ferguson Tory
Barnstaple [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon John Chichester Liberal
Barnstaple [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon Charles St John Fancourt Tory
Bath [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset John Arthur Roebuck Liberal
Bath [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset Charles Palmer Liberal
Beaumaris [7] 1DistrictWales Anglesey Frederick Paget Liberal
Bedford [4] 2BoroughEngland Bedfordshire Samuel Crawley Liberal
Bedford [4] 2BoroughEngland Bedfordshire William Henry Whitbread Liberal
Bedfordshire [4] 2CountyEngland Bedfordshire Lord Charles Russell Liberal
Bedfordshire [4] 2CountyEngland Bedfordshire William Stuart Tory
Belfast [8] 2BoroughIreland Antrim James Emerson Tennent Liberal
Belfast [8] 2BoroughIreland Antrim Lord Arthur Chichester Liberal
Berkshire [5] 3CountyEngland Berkshire Robert Throckmorton Liberal
Berkshire [5] 3CountyEngland Berkshire Robert Palmer Tory
Berkshire [5] 3CountyEngland Berkshire John Walter Liberal
Berwickshire [4] 1CountyScotland Berwickshire Charles Albany Marjoribanks Liberal
Berwick-upon-Tweed [19] 2BoroughEngland Northumberland Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin Liberal
Berwick-upon-Tweed [19] 2BoroughEngland Northumberland Sir Francis Blake, Bt Liberal
Beverley [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, East Hon. Charles Langdale Liberal
Beverley [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, East Henry Burton-Peters Liberal
Bewdley [16] 1BoroughEngland Worcestershire Sir Thomas Winnington, Bt Liberal
Birmingham [20] 2BoroughEngland Warwickshire Thomas Attwood Liberal
Birmingham [20] 2BoroughEngland Warwickshire Joshua Scholefield Liberal
Blackburn [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire William Feilden Liberal
Blackburn [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire William Turner Liberal
Bodmin [9] 2BoroughEngland Cornwall William Peter Liberal
Bodmin [9] 2BoroughEngland Cornwall Samuel Thomas Spry Liberal
Bolton [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Robert Torrens Liberal
Bolton [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire William Bolling Tory
Boston [20] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire John Wilks Liberal
Boston [20] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire Benjamin Handley Liberal
Bradford [22] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Ellis Cunliffe Lister Liberal
Bradford [22] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West John Hardy Liberal
Brecon [6] 1BoroughWales Breconshire John Lloyd Vaughan Watkins Liberal
Breconshire [6] 1CountyWales Breconshire Thomas Wood Tory
Bridgnorth [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire Robert Pigot Tory
Bridgnorth [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire Thomas Charlton Whitmore Tory
Bridgwater [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset William Tayleur Liberal
Bridgwater [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset Charles Kemeys Tynte Liberal
Bridport [13] 2BoroughEngland Dorset Henry Warburton Liberal
Bridport [13] 2BoroughEngland Dorset John Romilly Liberal
Brighton [12] 2BoroughEngland Sussex Isaac Newton Wigney Liberal
Brighton [12] 2BoroughEngland Sussex George Faithfull Liberal
Bristol [19] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire/Somerset Sir Richard Vyvyan, Bt Tory
Bristol [19] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire/Somerset James Evan Baillie Liberal
Buckingham [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire Sir Harry Verney, Bt Liberal
Buckingham [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire Sir Thomas Fremantle, Bt Tory
Buckinghamshire [5] 3CountyEngland Buckinghamshire Marquess of Chandos Tory
Buckinghamshire [5] 3CountyEngland Buckinghamshire John Smith Liberal
Buckinghamshire [5] 3CountyEngland Buckinghamshire Sir George Dashwood, Bt Liberal
Bury [14] 1BoroughEngland Lancashire Richard Walker Liberal
Bury St Edmunds [20] 2BoroughEngland Suffolk Lord Charles FitzRoy Liberal
Bury St Edmunds [20] 2BoroughEngland Suffolk Earl Jermyn Tory
Buteshire [9] 1CountyScotland Buteshire Charles Stuart Tory
Caernarvon Boroughs [23] 1DistrictWales Caernarvonshire Sir Charles Paget [24] Liberal
Caernarvonshire [23] 1CountyWales Caernarvonshire Thomas Assheton Smith Tory
Caithness [9] 1CountyScotland Buteshire/Caithness George Sinclair Liberal
Calne [23] 1BoroughEngland Wiltshire Earl of Kerry Liberal
Cambridge [4] 2BoroughEngland Cambridgeshire George Pryme Liberal
Cambridge [4] 2BoroughEngland Cambridgeshire Thomas Spring Rice Liberal
Cambridge University [4] 2UniversityEngland Cambridgeshire Henry Goulburn Tory
Cambridge University [4] 2UniversityEngland Cambridgeshire Charles Manners-Sutton Tory
Cambridgeshire [4] 3CountyEngland Cambridgeshire Richard Greaves Townley Liberal
Cambridgeshire [4] 3CountyEngland Cambridgeshire Charles Yorke Tory
Cambridgeshire [4] 3CountyEngland Cambridgeshire John Walbanke-Childers Liberal
Canterbury [25] 2BoroughEngland Kent Richard Watson Liberal
Canterbury [25] 2BoroughEngland Kent Viscount Fordwich Liberal
Cardiff District [4] 1DistrictWales Glamorganshire John Iltyd Nicholl Tory
Cardigan District [4] 1DistrictWales Cardiganshire Pryse Pryse Liberal
Cardiganshire [4] 1CountyWales Cardiganshire William Edward Powell Tory
Carlisle [23] 2BoroughEngland Cumberland William James Liberal
Carlisle [23] 2BoroughEngland Cumberland Philip Henry Howard Liberal
Carlow [17] 1BoroughIreland Carlow Nicholas Aylward Vigors Irish Repeal
County Carlow [17] 2CountyIreland Carlow Walter Blackney Irish Repeal
County Carlow [17] 2CountyIreland Carlow Thomas Wallace Liberal
Carmarthen Boroughs [10] 1DistrictWales Carmarthenshire William Yelverton Liberal
Carmarthenshire [26] 2CountyWales Carmarthenshire Hon. George Rice-Trevor Tory
Carmarthenshire [26] 2CountyWales Carmarthenshire Edward Hamlyn Adams Liberal
Carrickfergus [11] 1BoroughIreland Antrim Conway Richard Dobbs [27] Tory
Cashel [11] 1BoroughIreland Tipperary James Roe Irish Repeal
Cavan [10] 2CountyIreland Cavan Henry Maxwell Tory
Cavan [10] 2CountyIreland Cavan Sir John Young, Bt Tory
Chatham [12] 1BoroughEngland Kent William Leader Maberly Liberal
Cheltenham [21] 1BoroughEngland Gloucestershire Hon. Craven Berkeley Liberal
Cheshire Northern [14] 2CountyEngland Cheshire Hon. Edward Stanley Liberal
Cheshire Northern [14] 2CountyEngland Cheshire William Egerton Tory
Cheshire Southern [14] 2CountyEngland Cheshire George Wilbraham Liberal
Cheshire Southern [14] 2CountyEngland Cheshire Earl Grosvenor Liberal
Chester [28] 2BoroughEngland Cheshire John Jervis Liberal
Chester [28] 2BoroughEngland Cheshire Lord Robert Grosvenor Liberal
Chichester [16] 2BoroughEngland Sussex Lord Arthur Lennox Liberal
Chichester [16] 2BoroughEngland Sussex John Abel Smith Liberal
Chippenham [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Joseph Neeld Tory
Chippenham [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire William Fox Talbot Liberal
Christchurch [6] 1BoroughEngland Hampshire George William Tapps [29] Tory
Cirencester [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire Joseph Cripps Tory
Cirencester [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire Lord Apsley Tory
Clackmannans and Kinross [15] 1CountyScotland Clackmannanshire Sir Charles Adam Liberal
Clare [17] 2CountyIreland Clare William Nugent Macnamara Irish Repeal
Clare [17] 2CountyIreland Clare Cornelius O'Brien Irish Repeal
Clitheroe [21] 1BoroughEngland Lancashire John Fort Liberal
Clonmel [11] 1BoroughIreland Tipperary Dominick Ronayne Irish Repeal
Cockermouth [20] 2BoroughEngland Cumberland Fretchville Dykes Liberal
Cockermouth [20] 2BoroughEngland Cumberland Henry Aglionby Liberal
Colchester [16] 2BoroughEngland Essex Richard Sanderson Tory
Colchester [16] 2BoroughEngland Essex Daniel Whittle Harvey Liberal
Coleraine [11] 1BoroughIreland Londonderry Sir John Beresford, Bt [30] Tory
Cork City [17] 2BoroughIreland Cork Daniel Callaghan Liberal
Cork City [17] 2BoroughIreland Cork Herbert Baldwin Irish Repeal
County Cork [17] 2CountyIreland Cork Feargus O'Connor Irish Repeal
County Cork [17] 2CountyIreland Cork Garrett Standish Barry Irish Repeal
Cornwall Eastern [9] 2CountyEngland Cornwall Sir William Molesworth, Bt Liberal
Cornwall Eastern [9] 2CountyEngland Cornwall William Salusbury-Trelawny Liberal
Cornwall Western [9] 2CountyEngland Cornwall Sir Charles Lemon, Bt Liberal
Cornwall Western [9] 2CountyEngland Cornwall Edward Wynne-Pendarves Liberal
Coventry [25] 2BoroughEngland Warwickshire Edward Ellice Liberal
Coventry [25] 2BoroughEngland Warwickshire Henry Bulwer Liberal
Cricklade [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Thomas Calley Liberal
Cricklade [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Robert Gordon Liberal
Cumberland Eastern [23] 2CountyEngland Cumberland William Blamire Liberal
Cumberland Eastern [23] 2CountyEngland Cumberland Sir James Graham, Bt Liberal
Cumberland Western [23] 2CountyEngland Cumberland Viscount Lowther Tory
Cumberland Western [23] 2CountyEngland Cumberland Edward Stanley Tory
Dartmouth [13] 1BoroughEngland Devon John Seale Liberal
Denbigh Boroughs [13] 1DistrictWales Denbighshire John Madocks Liberal
Denbighshire [13] 2CountyWales Denbighshire Sir Watkin Williams-Wynn, Bt Tory
Denbighshire [13] 2CountyWales Denbighshire Robert Myddleton-Biddulph Liberal
Derby [4] 2BoroughEngland Derbyshire Edward Strutt Liberal
Derby [4] 2BoroughEngland Derbyshire Henry Cavendish Liberal
Derbyshire Northern [4] 2CountyEngland Derbyshire Lord Cavendish of Keighley Liberal
Derbyshire Northern [4] 2CountyEngland Derbyshire Thomas Gisborne Liberal
Derbyshire Southern [4] 2CountyEngland Derbyshire Hon. George Venables-Vernon Liberal
Derbyshire Southern [4] 2CountyEngland Derbyshire The Lord Waterpark Liberal
Devizes [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Wadham Locke Liberal
Devizes [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Montague Gore Liberal
Devonport [13] 2BoroughEngland Devon Sir Edward Codrington Liberal
Devonport [13] 2BoroughEngland Devon Sir George Grey, Bt Liberal
Devon Northern [18] 2CountyEngland Devon Viscount Ebrington Liberal
Devon Northern [18] 2CountyEngland Devon Hon. Newton Fellowes Liberal
Devon Southern [18] 2CountyEngland Devon Lord John Russell Liberal
Devon Southern [18] 2CountyEngland Devon John Crocker Bulteel Liberal
Donegal [11] 2CountyIreland Donegal Edmund Hayes Tory
Donegal [11] 2CountyIreland Donegal Edward Conolly Tory
Dorchester [13] 2BoroughEngland Dorset Anthony Henry Ashley-Cooper Tory
Dorchester [13] 2BoroughEngland Dorset Robert Williams Tory
Dorset [13] 3CountyEngland Dorset Lord Ashley Tory
Dorset [13] 3CountyEngland Dorset William John Bankes Tory
Dorset [13] 3CountyEngland Dorset Hon. William Ponsonby Liberal
Dover [19] 2BoroughEngland Kent Charles Poulett Thomson Liberal
Dover [19] 2BoroughEngland Kent Sir John Rae Reid, Bt Tory
Down [17] 2CountyIreland Down Lord Arthur Hill Liberal
Down [17] 2CountyIreland Down Viscount Castlereagh Tory
Downpatrick [17] 1BoroughIreland Down John Waring Maxwell Tory
Drogheda [11] 1BoroughIreland Louth Andrew Carew O'Dwyer Irish Repeal
Droitwich [16] 1BoroughEngland Worcestershire John Hodgetts-Foley Liberal
Dublin [11] 2BoroughIreland Dublin Daniel O'Connell Irish Repeal
Dublin [11] 2BoroughIreland Dublin Edward Southwell Ruthven Irish Repeal
County Dublin [11] 2CountyIreland Dublin Christopher Fitzsimon Irish Repeal
County Dublin [11] 2CountyIreland Dublin George Hampden Evans Liberal
Dublin University [11] 2UniversityIreland Dublin Thomas Langlois Lefroy Tory
Dublin University [11] 2UniversityIreland Dublin Sir Frederick Shaw, Bt Tory
Dudley [16] 1BoroughEngland Worcestershire Sir John Campbell Liberal
Dumfries Burghs [4] 1DistrictScotland Dumfriesshire Matthew Sharpe Liberal
Dumfriesshire [7] 1CountyScotland Dumfriesshire John Hope-Johnstone Tory
Dunbartonshire [16] 1CountyScotland Dunbartonshire John Campbell Colquhoun Liberal
Dundalk [8] 1BoroughIreland Louth William O'Reilly Liberal
Dundee [9] 1BurghScotland Forfarshire George Kinloch Liberal
Dungannon [11] 1BoroughIreland Tyrone John James Knox Tory
Dungarvan [8] 1BoroughIreland Waterford Hon. George Lamb Liberal
Durham City [16] 2BoroughEngland Durham William Chaytor Liberal
Durham City [16] 2BoroughEngland Durham William Charles Harland Liberal
Durham Northern [16] 2CountyEngland Durham Hedworth Lambton Liberal
Durham Northern [16] 2CountyEngland Durham Sir Hedworth Williamson, Bt Liberal
Durham Southern [16] 2CountyEngland Durham Joseph Pease Liberal
Durham Southern [16] 2CountyEngland Durham John Bowes Liberal
East Retford [15] 2BoroughEngland Nottinghamshire Granville Harcourt-Vernon Liberal
East Retford [15] 2BoroughEngland Nottinghamshire Viscount Newark Liberal
Edinburgh [4] 2BurghScotland Midlothian Francis Jeffrey Liberal
Edinburgh [4] 2BurghScotland Midlothian James Abercromby Liberal
Elgin Burghs [10] 1DistrictScotland Elginshire Sir Andrew Leith Hay Liberal
Elginshire and Nairnshire [9] 1CountyScotland Elginshire/Nairnshire Francis William Grant Tory
Ennis [17] 1BoroughIreland Clare Francis McNamara Irish Repeal
Enniskillen [11] 1BoroughIreland Fermanagh Arthur Henry Cole Tory
Essex Northern [16] 2CountyEngland Essex Sir John Tyssen Tyrell, Bt Tory
Essex Northern [16] 2CountyEngland Essex Alexander Baring Tory
Essex Southern [16] 2CountyEngland Essex Robert Westley Hall-Dare Tory
Essex Southern [16] 2CountyEngland Essex Sir Thomas Barrett-Lennard, Bt Liberal
Evesham [16] 2BoroughEngland Worcestershire Sir Charles Cockerell, Bt Liberal
Evesham [16] 2BoroughEngland Worcestershire Thomas Hudson Liberal
Exeter [25] 2BoroughEngland Devon James Wentworth Buller Liberal
Exeter [25] 2BoroughEngland Devon Edward Divett Liberal
Eye [20] 1BoroughEngland Suffolk Francis Seymour Stevenson Tory
Falkirk Burghs [15] 1DistrictScotland Stirlingshire William Downe Gillon Liberal
Fermanagh [11] 2CountyIreland Fermanagh Mervyn Archdall Tory
Fermanagh [11] 2CountyIreland Fermanagh Viscount Cole Tory
Fife [15] 1CountyScotland Fife James Erskine Wemyss Liberal
Finsbury [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex Robert Grant Liberal
Finsbury [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex Robert Spankie Tory
Flint Boroughs [31] 1DistrictWales Flintshire Sir Stephen Glynne, Bt Liberal
Flintshire [31] 1CountyWales Flintshire Edward Lloyd-Mostyn Liberal
Forfarshire [9] 1CountyScotland Forfarshire Douglas Hallyburton Liberal
Frome [12] 1BoroughEngland Somerset Thomas Sheppard Liberal
Galway Borough [17] 2BoroughIreland Galway Andrew Henry Lynch Irish Repeal
Galway Borough [17] 2BoroughIreland Galway Lachlan MacLachlan [32] Irish Repeal
County Galway [17] 2CountyIreland Galway Thomas Barnwall Martin Liberal
County Galway [17] 2CountyIreland Galway James Daly Tory
Gateshead [16] 1BoroughEngland Durham Cuthbert Rippon Liberal
Glamorganshire [4] 2CountyWales Glamorganshire Christopher Rice Mansel Talbot Liberal
Glamorganshire [4] 2CountyWales Glamorganshire Lewis Weston Dillwyn Liberal
Glasgow [4] 2BurghScotland Lanarkshire James Ewing Liberal
Glasgow [4] 2BurghScotland Lanarkshire James Oswald Liberal
Gloucester [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire Maurice Berkeley Liberal
Gloucester [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire Edward Webb Liberal
Gloucestershire Eastern [21] 2CountyEngland Gloucestershire Sir Berkeley Guise, Bt Liberal
Gloucestershire Eastern [21] 2CountyEngland Gloucestershire Hon. Henry Reynolds-Moreton Liberal
Gloucestershire Western [21] 2CountyEngland Gloucestershire Grantley Berkeley Liberal
Gloucestershire Western [21] 2CountyEngland Gloucestershire Hon. Augustus Moreton [33] Liberal
Grantham [20] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire Algernon Tollemache Tory
Grantham [20] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire Glynne Earle Welby Tory
Great Grimsby [20] 1BoroughEngland Lincolnshire William Maxfield Liberal
Great Marlow [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire William Clayton Liberal
Great Marlow [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire Thomas Peers Williams Tory
Great Yarmouth [12] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Charles Edmund Rumbold Liberal
Great Yarmouth [12] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Hon. George Anson Liberal
Greenock [16] 1BurghScotland Renfrewshire Robert Wallace Liberal
Greenwich [12] 2BoroughEngland Kent James Whitley Deans Dundas Liberal
Greenwich [12] 2BoroughEngland Kent Edward George Barnard Liberal
Guildford [6] 2BoroughEngland Surrey James Mangles Liberal
Guildford [6] 2BoroughEngland Surrey Charles Baring Wall Tory
Haddington Burghs [7] 1DistrictScotland Haddingtonshire Robert Steuart Liberal
Haddingtonshire [9] 1CountyScotland Haddingtonshire James Balfour Tory
Halifax [22] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Rawdon Briggs Liberal
Halifax [22] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Charles Wood Liberal
Hampshire Northern [7] 2CountyEngland Hampshire Charles Shaw-Lefevre Liberal
Hampshire Northern [7] 2CountyEngland Hampshire James Winter Scott Liberal
Hampshire Southern [7] 2CountyEngland Hampshire The Viscount Palmerston Liberal
Hampshire Southern [7] 2CountyEngland Hampshire Sir George Staunton, Bt Liberal
Harwich [16] 2BoroughEngland Essex John Charles Herries Tory
Harwich [16] 2BoroughEngland Essex Christopher Thomas Tower Liberal
Hastings [19] 2BoroughEngland Sussex Frederick North Liberal
Hastings [19] 2BoroughEngland Sussex John Ashley Warre Liberal
Haverfordwest [25] 1DistrictWales Pembrokeshire Sir Richard Bulkeley Philipps, Bt Liberal
Helston [9] 1BoroughEngland Cornwall Sackville Walter Lane-Fox Tory
Hereford [20] 2BoroughEngland Herefordshire Edward Clive Liberal
Hereford [20] 2BoroughEngland Herefordshire Robert Biddulph Liberal
Herefordshire [34] 3CountyEngland Herefordshire Edward Thomas Foley Tory
Herefordshire [34] 3CountyEngland Herefordshire Kedgwin Hoskins Liberal
Herefordshire [34] 3CountyEngland Herefordshire Sir Robert Price, Bt Liberal
Hertford [20] 2BoroughEngland Hertfordshire Viscount Ingestrie [35] Tory
Hertford [20] 2BoroughEngland Hertfordshire Viscount Mahon [35] Tory
Hertfordshire [20] 3CountyEngland Hertfordshire Sir John Sebright, Bt Liberal
Hertfordshire [20] 3CountyEngland Hertfordshire Nicolson Calvert Liberal
Hertfordshire [20] 3CountyEngland Hertfordshire Viscount Grimston Tory
Honiton [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon Viscount Villiers Tory
Honiton [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon James Ruddell-Todd Liberal
Horsham [12] 1BoroughEngland Sussex Robert Henry Hurst Liberal
Huddersfield [22] 1BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Lewis Fenton Liberal
Huntingdon [4] 2BoroughEngland Huntingdonshire Jonathan Peel Tory
Huntingdon [4] 2BoroughEngland Huntingdonshire Frederick Pollock Tory
Huntingdonshire [9] 2CountyEngland Huntingdonshire Viscount Mandeville Tory
Huntingdonshire [9] 2CountyEngland Huntingdonshire John Bonfoy Rooper Liberal
Hythe [19] 1BoroughEngland Kent Stewart Marjoribanks Liberal
Inverness Burghs [20] 1DistrictScotland Inverness-shire John Baillie Tory
Inverness-shire [10] 1CountyScotland Inverness-shire Charles Grant Liberal
Ipswich [20] 2BoroughEngland Suffolk James Morrison Liberal
Ipswich [20] 2BoroughEngland Suffolk Rigby Wason Liberal
Isle of Wight [4] 1CountyEngland Hampshire Sir Richard Simeon, Bt Liberal
Kendal [10] 1BoroughEngland Westmorland James Brougham Liberal
Kent Eastern [12] 2CountyEngland Kent John Pemberton Plumptre Liberal
Kent Eastern [12] 2CountyEngland Kent Sir Edward Knatchbull, Bt Tory
Kent Western [12] 2CountyEngland Kent Thomas Law Hodges Liberal
Kent Western [12] 2CountyEngland Kent Thomas Rider Liberal
Kerry [17] 2CountyIreland Kerry Frederick William Mullins Irish Repeal
Kerry [17] 2CountyIreland Kerry Charles O'Connell Irish Repeal
Kidderminster [16] 1BoroughEngland Worcestershire Richard Godson Liberal
Kildare [11] 2CountyIreland Kildare Edward Ruthven Irish Repeal
Kildare [11] 2CountyIreland Kildare Richard More O'Ferrall Liberal
Kilkenny City [11] 1BoroughIreland Kilkenny Richard Sullivan Irish Repeal
County Kilkenny [10] 2CountyIreland Kilkenny Pierce Butler Irish Repeal
County Kilkenny [10] 2CountyIreland Kilkenny William Francis Finn Irish Repeal
Kilmarnock Burghs [15] 1DistrictScotland Ayrshire John Dunlop Liberal
Kincardineshire [16] 1CountyScotland Kincardineshire Hugh Arbuthnot Tory
King's County [8] 2CountyIreland King's County Lord Oxmantown Liberal
King's County [8] 2CountyIreland King's County Nicholas Fitzsimon Irish Repeal
King's Lynn [12] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Lord George Bentinck Tory
King's Lynn [12] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Lord William Lennox Liberal
Kingston upon Hull [36] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, East Matthew Davenport Hill Liberal
Kingston upon Hull [36] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, East William Hutt Liberal
Kinsale [17] 1BoroughIreland Cork Sampson Stawell Liberal
Kirkcaldy Burghs [7] 1DistrictScotland Fife Robert Ferguson Liberal
Kirkcudbright Stewartry [28] 1CountyScotland Kirkcudbright Stewartry Robert Cutlar Fergusson Liberal
Knaresborough [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West John Richards Liberal
Knaresborough [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Benjamin Rotch Liberal
Lambeth [6] 2BoroughEngland Surrey Charles Tennyson Liberal
Lambeth [6] 2BoroughEngland Surrey Benjamin Hawes Liberal
Lanarkshire [4] 1CountyScotland Lanarkshire John Maxwell Liberal
Lancashire Northern [21] 2CountyEngland Lancashire John Wilson-Patten Tory
Lancashire Northern [21] 2CountyEngland Lancashire Hon. Edward Stanley Liberal
Lancashire Southern [21] 2CountyEngland Lancashire George William Wood Liberal
Lancashire Southern [21] 2CountyEngland Lancashire Viscount Molyneux Liberal
Lancaster [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Thomas Greene Tory
Lancaster [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Patrick Maxwell Stewart Liberal
Launceston [9] 1BoroughEngland Cornwall Henry Hardinge Tory
Leeds [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West John Marshall Liberal
Leeds [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Thomas Babington Macaulay Liberal
Leicester [4] 2BoroughEngland Leicestershire William Evans Liberal
Leicester [4] 2BoroughEngland Leicestershire Wynne Ellis Liberal
Leicestershire Northern [4] 2CountyEngland Leicestershire Lord Robert Manners Tory
Leicestershire Northern [4] 2CountyEngland Leicestershire Charles March Phillipps Liberal
Leicestershire Southern [4] 2CountyEngland Leicestershire Edward Dawson Liberal
Leicestershire Southern [4] 2CountyEngland Leicestershire Sir Henry Halford, Bt Tory
Leith Burghs [7] 1DistrictScotland Midlothian John Archibald Murray Liberal
Leitrim [11] 2CountyIreland Leitrim Samuel White Liberal
Leitrim [11] 2CountyIreland Leitrim Viscount Clements Liberal
Leominster [21] 2BoroughEngland Herefordshire Thomas Bish Liberal
Leominster [21] 2BoroughEngland Herefordshire The Lord Hotham Tory
Lewes [12] 2BoroughEngland Sussex Sir Charles Richard Blunt, Bt Liberal
Lewes [12] 2BoroughEngland Sussex Thomas Read Kemp Liberal
Lichfield [28] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire Sir Edward Scott, Bt Liberal
Lichfield [28] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire Sir George Anson Liberal
Limerick City [11] 2BoroughIreland Limerick William Roche Irish Repeal
Limerick City [11] 2BoroughIreland Limerick David Vandeleur Roche Irish Repeal
County Limerick [11] 2CountyIreland Limerick Standish O'Grady Liberal
County Limerick [11] 2CountyIreland Limerick Hon. Richard FitzGibbon Liberal
Lincoln [10] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire George Heneage Liberal
Lincoln [10] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire Edward Lytton Bulwer Liberal
Lincolnshire Northern [20] 2CountyEngland Lincolnshire Hon. Charles Anderson-Pelham Liberal
Lincolnshire Northern [20] 2CountyEngland Lincolnshire Sir William Amcotts-Ingilby, Bt Liberal
Lincolnshire Southern [20] 2CountyEngland Lincolnshire Henry Handley Liberal
Lincolnshire Southern [20] 2CountyEngland Lincolnshire Gilbert Heathcote Liberal
Linlithgowshire [9] 1CountyScotland Linlithgowshire Sir Alexander Hope Tory
Lisburn [8] 1BoroughIreland Antrim Henry Meynell Tory
Liskeard [9] 1BoroughEngland Cornwall Charles Buller Liberal
Liverpool [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Viscount Sandon Tory
Liverpool [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire William Ewart Liberal
City of London [25] 4BoroughEngland Middlesex George Grote Liberal
City of London [25] 4BoroughEngland Middlesex Sir Matthew Wood, Bt Liberal
City of London [25] 4BoroughEngland Middlesex Robert Waithman Liberal
City of London [25] 4BoroughEngland Middlesex Sir John Key, Bt Liberal
Londonderry City [11] 1BoroughIreland Londonderry Sir Robert Ferguson, Bt Liberal
County Londonderry [11] 2CountyIreland Londonderry Theobald Jones Tory
County Londonderry [11] 2CountyIreland Londonderry Sir Robert Bateson, Bt Tory
County Longford [11] 2CountyIreland Longford Luke White [37] Irish Repeal
County Longford [11] 2CountyIreland Longford James Halpin Rorke [37] Irish Repeal
County Louth [8] 2CountyIreland Louth Thomas FitzGerald Irish Repeal
County Louth [8] 2CountyIreland Louth Richard Bellew Irish Repeal
Ludlow [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire Viscount Clive Tory
Ludlow [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire Edward Romilly Liberal
Lyme Regis [13] 1BoroughEngland Dorset William Pinney Liberal
Lymington [6] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire Sir Harry Burrard-Neale, Bt Tory
Lymington [6] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire John Stewart Tory
Macclesfield [14] 2BoroughEngland Cheshire John Ryle Tory
Macclesfield [14] 2BoroughEngland Cheshire John Brocklehurst Liberal
Maidstone [12] 2BoroughEngland Kent Abraham Wildey Robarts Liberal
Maidstone [12] 2BoroughEngland Kent Charles James Barnett Liberal
Maldon [16] 2BoroughEngland Essex Thomas Barrett Lennard Liberal
Maldon [16] 2BoroughEngland Essex Quintin Dick Tory
Mallow [17] 1BoroughIreland Cork William Daunt [38] Irish Repeal
Malmesbury [23] 1BoroughEngland Wiltshire Viscount Andover Liberal
Malton [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, North/East William Fitzwilliam Liberal
Malton [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, North/East Charles Pepys Liberal
Manchester [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Mark Philips Liberal
Manchester [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Charles Poulett Thomson Liberal
Marlborough [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Lord Ernest Brudenell-Bruce Tory
Marlborough [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Henry Bingham Baring Tory
Marylebone [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex Edward Berkeley Portman Liberal
Marylebone [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex Sir William Horne Liberal
Mayo [17] 2CountyIreland Mayo John Browne Liberal
Mayo [17] 2CountyIreland Mayo Dominick Browne Liberal
Meath [11] 2CountyIreland Meath Morgan O'Connell Irish Repeal
Meath [11] 2CountyIreland Meath Henry Grattan Irish Repeal
Merionethshire [31] 1CountyWales Merionethshire Sir Robert Vaughan, Bt. Tory
Merthyr Tydvil [4] 1BoroughWales Glamorganshire John Josiah Guest Liberal
Middlesex [9] 2CountyEngland Middlesex Joseph Hume Liberal
Middlesex [9] 2CountyEngland Middlesex George Byng Liberal
Midhurst [12] 1BoroughEngland Sussex Hon. Frederick Spencer Liberal
Midlothian (aka Edinburghshire) [4] 1CountyScotland Midlothian Sir John Dalrymple, Bt Liberal
Monaghan [11] 2CountyIreland Monaghan Cadwallader Blayney Tory
Monaghan [11] 2CountyIreland Monaghan Hon. Henry Westenra Liberal
Monmouth Boroughs [7] 1DistrictWales Monmouthshire Benjamin Hall Liberal
Monmouthshire [7] 2CountyWales Monmouthshire Lord Granville Somerset Tory
Monmouthshire [7] 2CountyWales Monmouthshire William Addams Williams Liberal
Montgomery Boroughs [9] 1DistrictWales Montgomeryshire David Pugh [39] Tory
Montgomeryshire [9] 1CountyWales Montgomeryshire Charles Williams-Wynn Tory
Montrose Burghs [15] 1DistrictScotland Forfarshire Horatio Ross Liberal
Morpeth [20] 1BoroughEngland Northumberland Frederick George Howard Liberal
Newark-on-Trent [15] 2BoroughEngland Nottinghamshire William Ewart Gladstone Tory
Newark-on-Trent [15] 2BoroughEngland Nottinghamshire William Farnworth Handley Tory
Newcastle-under-Lyme [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire William Henry Miller Tory
Newcastle-under-Lyme [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire Sir Henry Willoughby, Bt Tory
Newcastle-upon-Tyne [28] 2BoroughEngland Northumberland Sir Matthew White Ridley, Bt Liberal
Newcastle-upon-Tyne [28] 2BoroughEngland Northumberland John Hodgson Tory
Newport [7] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire John Heywood Hawkins Liberal
Newport [7] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire William Henry Ord Liberal
New Ross [8] 1BoroughIreland Wexford John Hyacinth Talbot Irish Repeal
Newry [17] 1BoroughIreland Armagh/Down Lord Marcus Hill Tory
New Shoreham [16] 2BoroughEngland Sussex Sir Charles Burrell, Bt Tory
New Shoreham [16] 2BoroughEngland Sussex Harry Goring Liberal
Norfolk Eastern [12] 2CountyEngland Norfolk William Howe Windham Liberal
Norfolk Eastern [12] 2CountyEngland Norfolk Hon. George Keppel Liberal
Norfolk Western [12] 2CountyEngland Norfolk Sir Jacob Astley, Bt Liberal
Norfolk Western [12] 2CountyEngland Norfolk Sir William Ffolkes, Bt Liberal
Northallerton [22] 1BoroughEngland Yorkshire, North John George Boss Liberal
Northampton [15] 2BoroughEngland Northamptonshire Robert Vernon Smith Liberal
Northampton [15] 2BoroughEngland Northamptonshire Charles Ross Tory
Northamptonshire Northern [15] 2CountyEngland Northamptonshire Viscount Milton Liberal
Northamptonshire Northern [15] 2CountyEngland Northamptonshire Lord James Brudenell Tory
Northamptonshire Southern [15] 2CountyEngland Northamptonshire Viscount Althorp Liberal
Northamptonshire Southern [15] 2CountyEngland Northamptonshire William Ralph Cartwright Tory
Northumberland Northern [20] 2CountyEngland Northumberland Viscount Howick Liberal
Northumberland Northern [20] 2CountyEngland Northumberland Lord Ossulston Tory
Northumberland Southern [20] 2CountyEngland Northumberland Thomas Wentworth Beaumont Liberal
Northumberland Southern [20] 2CountyEngland Northumberland Matthew Bell Tory
Norwich [25] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Viscount Stormont Tory
Norwich [25] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Sir James Scarlett Tory
Nottingham [19] 2BoroughEngland Nottinghamshire Sir Ronald Craufurd Ferguson Liberal
Nottingham [19] 2BoroughEngland Nottinghamshire Viscount Duncannon Liberal
Nottinghamshire Northern [15] 2CountyEngland Nottinghamshire Viscount Lumley Liberal
Nottinghamshire Northern [15] 2CountyEngland Nottinghamshire Thomas Houldsworth Tory
Nottinghamshire Southern [15] 2CountyEngland Nottinghamshire Evelyn Denison Liberal
Nottinghamshire Southern [15] 2CountyEngland Nottinghamshire Earl of Lincoln Tory
Oldham [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire John Fielden Liberal
Oldham [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire William Cobbett Liberal
Orkney and Shetland [13] 1CountyScotland Orkney & Shetland George Traill Liberal
Oxford [8] 2BoroughEngland Oxfordshire James Haughton Langston Liberal
Oxford [8] 2BoroughEngland Oxfordshire Thomas Stonor [40] Liberal
Oxfordshire [41] 3CountyEngland Oxfordshire George Granville Harcourt Liberal
Oxfordshire [41] 3CountyEngland Oxfordshire Lord Norreys Tory
Oxfordshire [41] 3CountyEngland Oxfordshire Richard Weyland Liberal
Oxford University [41] 2UniversityEngland Oxfordshire Thomas Estcourt· Tory
Oxford University [41] 2UniversityEngland Oxfordshire Sir Robert Inglis, Bt Tory
Paisley [16] 1BurghScotland Renfrewshire Sir John Maxwell, Bt Liberal
Peeblesshire [7] 1CountyScotland Peeblesshire Sir John Hay, Bt Tory
Pembroke Boroughs [31] 1DistrictWales Pembrokeshire Hugh Owen Owen Tory
Pembrokeshire [31] 1CountyWales Pembrokeshire Sir John Owen, Bt Tory
Penryn and Falmouth [9] 2BoroughEngland Cornwall Robert Rolfe Liberal
Penryn and Falmouth [9] 2BoroughEngland Cornwall Lord Tullamore Tory
Perth [5] 1BurghScotland Perthshire Laurence Oliphant Liberal
Perthshire [5] 1CountyScotland Perthshire Earl of Ormelie Liberal
Peterborough [15] 2BoroughEngland Northamptonshire John Nicholas Fazakerley Liberal
Peterborough [15] 2BoroughEngland Northamptonshire Sir Robert Heron, Bt Liberal
Petersfield [6] 1BoroughEngland Hampshire John Shaw-Lefevre [42] Liberal
Plymouth [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon Thomas Bewes Liberal
Plymouth [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon John Collier Liberal
Pontefract [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West John Gully Liberal
Pontefract [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Hon. Henry Stafford-Jerningham Liberal
Poole [19] 2BoroughEngland Dorset Benjamin Lester Liberal
Poole [19] 2BoroughEngland Dorset John Byng Liberal
Portarlington [17] 1BoroughIreland Queen's County/King's County Thomas Gladstone Tory
Portsmouth [7] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire John Bonham-Carter Liberal
Portsmouth [7] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire Francis Thornhill Baring Liberal
Preston [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Peter Hesketh-Fleetwood Tory
Preston [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Hon. Henry Smith-Stanley Liberal
Queen's County [17] 2CountyIreland Queen's County Patrick Lalor Irish Repeal
Queen's County [17] 2CountyIreland Queen's County Sir Charles Coote, Bt Tory
Radnor Boroughs [26] 1DistrictWales Radnorshire Richard Price Tory
Radnorshire [26] 1CountyWales Radnorshire Thomas Frankland Lewis Tory
Reading [5] 2BoroughEngland Berkshire Charles Fyshe Palmer Liberal
Reading [5] 2BoroughEngland Berkshire Charles Russell Tory
Reigate [6] 1BoroughEngland Surrey Viscount Eastnor Tory
Renfrewshire [16] 1CountyScotland Renfrewshire Sir Michael Shaw-Stewart, Bt Liberal
Richmond [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, North Hon. John Dundas Liberal
Richmond [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, North Sir Robert Lawrence Dundas Liberal
Ripon [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Thomas Staveley Liberal
Ripon [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Joshua Crompton Liberal
Rochdale [14] 1BoroughEngland Lancashire John Fenton Liberal
Rochester [12] 2BoroughEngland Kent Ralph Bernal Liberal
Rochester [12] 2BoroughEngland Kent John Mills Tory
Roscommon [11] 2CountyIreland Roscommon Fitzstephen French Liberal
Roscommon [11] 2CountyIreland Roscommon The O'Conor Don Irish Repeal
Ross and Cromarty [41] 1CountyScotland Ross-shire/Cromartyshire James Stewart-Mackenzie Liberal
Roxburghshire [16] 1CountyScotland Roxburghshire George Elliot Liberal
Rutland [43] 2CountyEngland Rutland Sir Gerard Noel, Bt. Tory
Rutland [43] 2CountyEngland Rutland Sir Gilbert Heathcote, Bt. Liberal
Rye [19] 1BoroughEngland Sussex Edward Barrett Curteis Liberal
St Albans [20] 2BoroughEngland Hertfordshire Sir Francis Vincent, Bt Liberal
St Albans [20] 2BoroughEngland Hertfordshire Henry George Ward Liberal
St Andrews Burghs [4] 1DistrictScotland Fife Andrew Johnston Liberal
St Ives [9] 1BoroughEngland Cornwall James Halse Tory
Salford [14] 1BoroughEngland Lancashire Joseph Brotherton Liberal
Salisbury [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire William Bird Brodie Liberal
Salisbury [23] 2BoroughEngland Wiltshire Wadham Wyndham Tory
Sandwich [19] 2BoroughEngland Kent Joseph Marryat Liberal
Sandwich [19] 2BoroughEngland Kent Sir Edward Troubridge, Bt Liberal
Scarborough [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, East Sir John Vanden-Bempde-Johnstone, Bt Liberal
Scarborough [10] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, East Sir George Cayley, Bt Liberal
Selkirkshire [9] 1CountyScotland Selkirkshire Robert Pringle Liberal
Shaftesbury [13] 1BoroughEngland Dorset John Sayer Poulter Liberal
Sheffield [22] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West John Parker Liberal
Sheffield [22] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West James Silk Buckingham Liberal
Shrewsbury [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire Sir John Hanmer, Bt Tory
Shrewsbury [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire Robert Aglionby Slaney Liberal
Shropshire Northern [10] 2CountyEngland Shropshire Sir Rowland Hill, Bt Tory
Shropshire Northern [10] 2CountyEngland Shropshire John Cotes Liberal
Shropshire Southern [10] 2CountyEngland Shropshire Earl of Darlington Tory
Shropshire Southern [10] 2CountyEngland Shropshire Hon. Robert Clive Tory
Sligo [44] 1BoroughIreland Sligo John Martin Liberal
County Sligo [44] 2CountyIreland Sligo Edward Joshua Cooper Tory
County Sligo [44] 2CountyIreland Sligo Alexander Perceval Tory
Somerset Eastern [12] 2CountyEngland Somerset William Gore-Langton Liberal
Somerset Eastern [12] 2CountyEngland Somerset William Papwell Brigstocke Liberal
Somerset Western [12] 2CountyEngland Somerset Edward Ayshford Sanford Liberal
Somerset Western [12] 2CountyEngland Somerset Charles Kemeys-Tynte Liberal
Southampton [19] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire Arthur Atherley Liberal
Southampton [19] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire James Barlow-Hoy Tory
South Shields [16] 1BoroughEngland Durham Robert Ingham Liberal
Southwark [6] 2BoroughEngland Surrey John Humphery Liberal
Southwark [6] 2BoroughEngland Surrey William Brougham Liberal
Stafford [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire William Fawkener Chetwynd Liberal
Stafford [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire Rees Howell Gronow Liberal
Staffordshire Northern [21] 2CountyEngland Staffordshire Sir Oswald Mosley, Bt Liberal
Staffordshire Northern [21] 2CountyEngland Staffordshire Edward Buller Liberal
Staffordshire Southern [21] 2CountyEngland Staffordshire Edward John Littleton Liberal
Staffordshire Southern [21] 2CountyEngland Staffordshire Sir John Wrottesley, Bt Liberal
Stamford [20] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire Thomas Chaplin Tory
Stamford [20] 2BoroughEngland Lincolnshire George Finch Tory
Stirling Burghs [9] 1DistrictScotland Stirlingshire Lord Dalmeny Liberal
Stirlingshire [16] 1CountyScotland Stirlingshire Charles Elphinstone Fleeming Liberal
Stockport [14] 2BoroughEngland Cheshire Thomas Marsland Tory
Stockport [14] 2BoroughEngland Cheshire John Horatio Lloyd Liberal
Stoke-upon-Trent [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire Josiah Wedgwood III Liberal
Stoke-upon-Trent [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire John Davenport Tory
Stroud [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire William Henry Hyett Liberal
Stroud [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire David Ricardo Liberal
Sudbury [20] 2BoroughEngland Suffolk Michael Angelo Taylor Liberal
Sudbury [20] 2BoroughEngland Suffolk Sir John Benn Walsh, Bt Tory
Suffolk Eastern [20] 2CountyEngland Suffolk The Lord Henniker Tory
Suffolk Eastern [20] 2CountyEngland Suffolk Robert Newton Shawe Liberal
Suffolk Western [20] 2CountyEngland Suffolk Charles Tyrell Liberal
Suffolk Western [20] 2CountyEngland Suffolk Sir Hyde Parker, Bt Liberal
Sunderland [16] 2BoroughEngland Durham Sir William Chaytor, Bt Liberal
Sunderland [16] 2BoroughEngland Durham George Barrington Liberal
Surrey Eastern [6] 2CountyEngland Surrey John Ivatt Briscoe Liberal
Surrey Eastern [6] 2CountyEngland Surrey Aubrey Beauclerk Liberal
Surrey Western [6] 2CountyEngland Surrey William Denison Liberal
Surrey Western [6] 2CountyEngland Surrey John Leach Liberal
Sussex Eastern [16] 2CountyEngland Sussex Hon. Charles Cavendish Liberal
Sussex Eastern [16] 2CountyEngland Sussex Herbert Barrett Curteis Liberal
Sussex Western [16] 2CountyEngland Sussex Lord John Lennox Liberal
Sussex Western [16] 2CountyEngland Sussex Earl of Surrey Liberal
Sutherland [15] 1CountyScotland Sutherland Roderick Macleod Liberal
Swansea District [4] 1DistrictWales Glamorganshire John Henry Vivian Liberal
Tamworth [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire/Warwickshire Sir Robert Peel Tory
Tamworth [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire/Warwickshire Lord Charles Townshend Liberal
Taunton [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset Henry Labouchere Liberal
Taunton [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset Edward Thomas Bainbridge Liberal
Tavistock [13] 2BoroughEngland Devon Charles Richard Fox Liberal
Tavistock [13] 2BoroughEngland Devon Lord Russell Liberal
Tewkesbury [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire Charles Hanbury-Tracy Liberal
Tewkesbury [21] 2BoroughEngland Gloucestershire John Martin Liberal
Thetford [12] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Francis Baring Tory
Thetford [12] 2BoroughEngland Norfolk Lord James FitzRoy Liberal
Thirsk [22] 1BoroughEngland Yorkshire, North Sir Robert Frankland, Bt Liberal
Tipperary [11] 2CountyIreland Tipperary Hon. Cornelius O'Callaghan Liberal
Tipperary [11] 2CountyIreland Tipperary Richard Lalor Sheil Irish Repeal
Tiverton [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon John Heathcoat Liberal
Tiverton [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon James Kennedy [45] Liberal
Totnes [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon Jasper Parrott Liberal
Totnes [18] 2BoroughEngland Devon James Cornish Liberal
Tower Hamlets [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex Stephen Lushington Liberal
Tower Hamlets [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex William Clay Liberal
Tralee [17] 1BoroughIreland Kerry Maurice O'Connell Irish Repeal
Truro [9] 2BoroughEngland Cornwall Sir Hussey Vivian, Bt Liberal
Truro [9] 2BoroughEngland Cornwall William Tooke Liberal
Tynemouth and North Shields [20] 1BoroughEngland Northumberland George Frederick Young Liberal
Tyrone [11] 2CountyIreland Tyrone Henry Thomas Lowry-Corry Tory
Tyrone [11] 2CountyIreland Tyrone Sir Hugh Stewart, Bt Tory
Wakefield [22] 1BoroughEngland Yorkshire, West Daniel Gaskell Liberal
Wallingford [5] 1BoroughEngland Berkshire William Seymour Blackstone Tory
Walsall [21] 1BoroughEngland Staffordshire Charles Smith Forster Tory
Wareham [13] 1BoroughEngland Dorset John Hales Calcraft Tory
Warrington [14] 1BoroughEngland Lancashire Edmund George Hornby Liberal
Warwick [20] 2BoroughEngland Warwickshire Sir Charles Greville [46] Tory
Warwick [20] 2BoroughEngland Warwickshire Edward Bolton King Liberal
Warwickshire Northern [20] 2CountyEngland Warwickshire Sir John Eardley-Wilmot, Bt Tory
Warwickshire Northern [20] 2CountyEngland Warwickshire William Stratford Dugdale Tory
Warwickshire Southern [20] 2CountyEngland Warwickshire Sir Grey Skipwith, Bt Liberal
Warwickshire Southern [20] 2CountyEngland Warwickshire Sir George Philips, Bt Liberal
Waterford City [44] 2BoroughIreland Waterford Henry Barron Irish Repeal
Waterford City [44] 2BoroughIreland Waterford William Christmas Tory
County Waterford [8] 2CountyIreland Waterford John Matthew Galwey Irish Repeal
County Waterford [8] 2CountyIreland Waterford Sir Richard Keane, Bt Liberal
Wells [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset Norman Lamont Liberal
Wells [12] 2BoroughEngland Somerset John Lee Lee Liberal
Wenlock [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire George Weld-Forester Tory
Wenlock [10] 2BoroughEngland Shropshire James Milnes Gaskell Tory
Westbury [23] 1BoroughEngland Wiltshire Sir Ralph Lopes, Bt Liberal
Westmeath [11] 2CountyIreland Westmeath Montagu Lowther Chapman Liberal
Westmeath [11] 2CountyIreland Westmeath Sir Richard Nagle, Bt Irish Repeal
Westminster [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex Sir Francis Burdett, Bt Liberal
Westminster [9] 2BoroughEngland Middlesex Sir John Cam Hobhouse, Bt Liberal
Westmorland [10] 2CountyEngland Westmorland Viscount Lowther Tory
Westmorland [10] 2CountyEngland Westmorland Henry Cecil Lowther Tory
Wexford [8] 1BoroughIreland Wexford Charles Arthur Walker Irish Repeal
County Wexford [8] 2CountyIreland Wexford Robert Carew Liberal
County Wexford [8] 2CountyIreland Wexford Henry Lambert Liberal
Weymouth and Melcombe Regis [13] 2BoroughEngland Dorset Thomas Fowell Buxton Liberal
Weymouth and Melcombe Regis [13] 2BoroughEngland Dorset Sir Frederick Johnstone, Bt Tory
Whitby [22] 1BoroughEngland Yorkshire, North Aaron Chapman Tory
Whitehaven 1BoroughEngland Cumberland Matthias Attwood Tory
Wick Burghs [9] 1DistrictScotland Caithness James Loch Liberal
Wicklow [8] 2CountyIreland Wicklow Ralph Howard Liberal
Wicklow [8] 2CountyIreland Wicklow James Grattan Liberal
Wigan [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Ralph Thicknesse Liberal
Wigan [21] 2BoroughEngland Lancashire Richard Potter Liberal
Wigtown Burghs [15] 1DistrictScotland Wigtownshire Edward Stewart Liberal
Wigtownshire [7] 1CountyScotland Wigtownshire Sir Andrew Agnew, Bt Liberal
Wilton [23] 1BoroughEngland Wiltshire John Penruddocke Tory
Wiltshire Northern [23] 2CountyEngland Wiltshire Paul Methuen Liberal
Wiltshire Northern [23] 2CountyEngland Wiltshire Sir John Astley, Bt Liberal
Wiltshire Southern [23] 2CountyEngland Wiltshire John Bennett Liberal
Wiltshire Southern [23] 2CountyEngland Wiltshire Sidney Herbert Tory
Winchester [7] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire Bingham Baring Liberal
Winchester [7] 2BoroughEngland Hampshire Paulet St John-Mildmay Liberal
Windsor [5] 2BoroughEngland Berkshire Samuel Pechell Liberal
Windsor [5] 2BoroughEngland Berkshire John Ramsbottom Liberal
Wolverhampton [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire William Wolryche-Whitmore Liberal
Wolverhampton [21] 2BoroughEngland Staffordshire Richard Fryer Liberal
Woodstock [8] 1BoroughEngland Oxfordshire Marquess of Blandford Tory
Worcester [25] 2BoroughEngland Worcestershire Thomas Davies Liberal
Worcester [25] 2BoroughEngland Worcestershire George Richard Robinson Liberal
Worcestershire Eastern [16] 2CountyEngland Worcestershire William Congreve Russell Liberal
Worcestershire Eastern [16] 2CountyEngland Worcestershire Thomas Cookes Liberal
Worcestershire Western [16] 2CountyEngland Worcestershire Hon. Henry Lygon Tory
Worcestershire Western [16] 2CountyEngland Worcestershire Hon. Thomas Foley Liberal
Wycombe [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire Charles Grey Liberal
Wycombe [5] 2BoroughEngland Buckinghamshire Hon. Robert Smith Liberal
York [19] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire Edward Petre Liberal
York [19] 2BoroughEngland Yorkshire Samuel Adlam Bayntun Liberal
East Riding of Yorkshire [10] 2CountyEngland Yorkshire, East Richard Bethell Tory
East Riding of Yorkshire [10] 2CountyEngland Yorkshire, East Paul Thompson Liberal
North Riding of Yorkshire [10] 2CountyEngland Yorkshire, North Hon. William Duncombe Tory
North Riding of Yorkshire [10] 2CountyEngland Yorkshire, North Edward Stillingfleet Cayley Liberal
West Riding of Yorkshire [10] 2CountyEngland Yorkshire, West Viscount Morpeth Liberal
West Riding of Yorkshire [10] 2CountyEngland Yorkshire, West Sir George Strickland, Bt Liberal
Youghal [17] 1BoroughIreland Cork John O'Connell Irish Repeal

Overturned elections

Viscount Mahon, whose election in Hertford was later declared void Philip Stanhope, 5th Earl Stanhope by Sir George Hayter.jpg
Viscount Mahon, whose election in Hertford was later declared void

The list of MPs records those MPs listed in the London Gazette as having been "returned to serve in the new Parliament". Where the election of an MP was subsequently overturned as a result of an election petition, the relevant entry in the list is shown in italics, and a footnote added to explain the circumstances. A total of 16 MPs in 14 constituencies were unseated, although one (Sir Charles Paget) was subsequently reinstated.

Voided elections

The 1832 elections were declared void as a result of a petition for a total of 7 MPs in six constituencies: [47]

ConstituencyCountryCountySeats voidedReason for voiding
Carrickfergus IrelandAntrim1 of 1Bribery and/or corrupt practices. [47] Writ suspended [48]
Hertford EnglandHertfordshire2 of 2Bribery and/or corrupt practices. [47] Writ suspended [49]
Montgomery Boroughs WalesMontgomeryshire1 of 1Bribery and/or corrupt practices. [47] Writ suspended [50]
Oxford EnglandOxfordshire1 of 2Bribery and/or corrupt practices. [47] Writ suspended [51]
Tiverton EnglandDevon1 of 2Candidate lacked property qualification to be elected [52]
Warwick EnglandWarwickshire1 of 2Bribery and/or corrupt practices. [47] Writ suspended [53]

Undue elections

Sir Charles Paget, whose election in Caernarvon Boroughs was overturned. He was reinstated after a further petition Charles Paget.JPG
Sir Charles Paget, whose election in Caernarvon Boroughs was overturned. He was reinstated after a further petition

In 8 constituencies, a petition led to a recount and another candidate was declared elected without a further ballot being held. Nine seats changed hands in this way: [54]

ConstituencyCountryCountySeats overturned
Caernarvon Boroughs WalesCaernarfonshire1 of 1 [55]
Coleraine IrelandCounty Londonderry1 of 1 [48]
Galway Borough IrelandCounty Galway1 of 2 [56]
Longford IrelandCounty Longford2 of 2 [57]
Mallow IrelandCounty Cork1 of 1 [58]
Petersfield EnglandHampshire1 of 1 [59]
Salisbury EnglandWiltshire1 of 1 [60]
Southampton EnglandHampshire1 of 1 [61]

Notes and references

  1. ↑ Rallings, Colin; Thrasher, Michael (2006). British Electoral Facts. London: Total Politics. p. 3. ISBN   978-1-907278-03-7.
  2. ↑ Craig, F. W. S. (1989) [1977]. British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. xv. ISBN   0-900178-26-4.
  3. 1 2 Walker, Brian M., ed. (1978). Parliamentary election results in Ireland, 1801–1922. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. ISBN   0-901714-12-7.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 "No. 19008", The London Gazette , 28 December 1832. p. 2837
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 "No. 19010", The London Gazette , 4 January 1833. p. 25
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 "No. 19007", The London Gazette , 25 December 1832. p. 2812
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 "No. 19007", The London Gazette , 25 December 1832. p. 2811
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 "No. 19011", The London Gazette , 8 January 1833. p. 55
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 "No. 19008", The London Gazette , 28 December 1832. p. 2836
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 "No. 19010", The London Gazette , 4 January 1833. p. 27
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 "No. 19010", The London Gazette , 4 January 1833. p. 26
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 "No. 19009", The London Gazette , 1 January 1833. p. 4
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 "No. 19016", The London Gazette , 25 January 1833. p. 171
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 "No. 19012", The London Gazette , 11 January 1833. p. 77
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 "No. 19008", The London Gazette , 28 December 1832. p. 2838
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 "No. 19009", The London Gazette , 1 January 1833. p. 3
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 "No. 19017", The London Gazette , 29 January 1833. p. 198
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "No. 19016", The London Gazette , 25 January 1833. p. 170
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 "No. 19005", The London Gazette , 18 December 1832. p. 2751
  20. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 "No. 19009", The London Gazette , 1 January 1833. p. 2
  21. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 "No. 19012", The London Gazette , 11 January 1833. p. 76
  22. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "No. 19010", The London Gazette , 4 January 1833. p. 28
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 "No. 19009", The London Gazette , 1 January 1833. p. 1
  24. ↑ Caernarvon Boroughs: the election of Paget was overturned on petition due to ballot-counting errors, and Nanney was declared elected in his place. A further petition was lodged against Nanney, as a result of which his election was overturned and Paget was again declared elected. (Craig, page 500)
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 "No. 19004", The London Gazette , 14 December 1832. p. 2728
  26. 1 2 3 4 "No. 19013", The London Gazette , 15 January 1833. p. 97
  27. ↑ Carrickfergus: election declared void on petition. Dobbs unseated and writ suspended March 1833. (Walker, page 51)
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "No. 19006", The London Gazette , 21 December 1832. p. 2787
  29. ↑ George William Tapps, MP for Christchurch, was later known as Sir George Tapps-Gervis, 2nd Baronet
  30. ↑ Coleraine: Sir John Beresford, Bt was unseated on petition 27 May 1833, and William Taylor Copeland was declared elected. (Walker, page 51)
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 "No. 19006", The London Gazette , 21 December 1832. p. 2788
  32. ↑ Galway Borough: on petition, Lachlan MacLachlan was unseated and Martin Joseph Blake declared elected on 2 May 1833. (Walker, page 52)
  33. ↑ Augustus Moreton changed his surname to Macdonald in 1837
  34. 1 2 3 "No. 19012", The London Gazette , 11 January 1833. p. 75
  35. 1 2 Hertford: Ingestrie and Mahon were declared elected, but on petition was their election was declared void. Hertford's writ was suspended and the seats remained vacant until the next general election. (Craig, pages 152–153)
  36. 1 2 "No. 19005", The London Gazette , 18 December 1832. p. 2750
  37. 1 2 Longford: On petition, White and Rorke were both unseated and on 2 April 1833 the Tory candidates Anthony Lefroy and Viscount Forbes were declared elected. (source: Walker, page 53)
  38. ↑ Mallow: Daunt was unseated on petition and Charles Jephson declared elected on 24 April 1833. (source: Walker, page 54)
  39. ↑ Montgomery Boroughs: on petition, the election of David Pugh was declared void, and a by-election was held on 8 April 1833. (Craig, pages 509–510)
  40. ↑ Oxford: Stonor's election in Oxford was declared void on petition and a by-election was held on 18 March 1833. (Craig, pages 233–234)
  41. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "No. 19011", The London Gazette , 8 January 1833. p. 54
  42. ↑ The election of John Shaw-Lefevre was voided on petition, and Sir William Jolliffe, Bt was declared elected in his place.
  43. 1 2 "No. 19009", The London Gazette , 1 January 1833. p. 2837
  44. 1 2 3 4 5 "No. 19017", The London Gazette , 29 January 1833. p. 199
  45. ↑ Tiverton: The election of Kennedy was declared void "due to lack of qualification". A by-election was held on 4 May 1833, when he was re-elected. (Craig, pages 308–309)
  46. ↑ Warwick: Greville was one of the two members returned for Warwick, but his election was later declared void. The writ was suspended and one of Warwick's two seats remained vacant until the next general election. (Craig, pages 320–321)
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Rallings and Thrasher, op. cit. page 249
  48. 1 2 Walker, page 51
  49. ↑ Craig, pages 152–153
  50. ↑ Craig, pages 509–510
  51. ↑ Craig, pages 233–234
  52. ↑ Craig, pages 308–309
  53. ↑ Craig, pages 320–321
  54. ↑ Rallings and Thrasher, op. cit. page 247
  55. ↑ Craig, page 500
  56. ↑ Walker, page 52
  57. ↑ Walker, page 53
  58. ↑ Walker, page 54
  59. ↑ Craig, page 239
  60. ↑ Craig, pages 266–267
  61. ↑ Craig, pages 279–280

==

See also

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.