Abingdon (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Abingdon
Former county constituency
for the House of Commons
Abingdon1974Constituency.svg
Boundary of Abingdon in Berkshire, boundaries 1974–1983
County Berkshire
18851983
SeatsOne
Created from Berkshire and Abingdon
Replaced by Wantage and Oxford West & Abingdon
1558–1885
SeatsOne
Type of constituency Borough constituency

Abingdon was a parliamentary constituency in England, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until 1707, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) from 1558 until 1983, making it one of the few English constituencies in the unreformed House of Commons to elect only one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

Contents

History

Abingdon was one of three English parliamentary boroughs enfranchised by Queen Mary I as anomalous single-member constituencies, and held its first Parliamentary election in 1558. The borough consisted of part of two parishes in the market town of Abingdon, then the county town of Berkshire. The right to vote was exercised by all inhabitant householders paying scot and lot and not receiving alms; the highest recorded number of votes to be cast before 1832 was 253, at the general election of 1806. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

Abingdon's voters seem always to have maintained their independence, and the constituency never came under the influence of a "patron" who assumed the right to choose the MP. Nevertheless, this did not always guarantee a pure election, and Porritt records that Abingdon offers the earliest case he was able to trace of a candidate trying to bribe voters with the promise of official office, later one of the most widespread abuses in English elections. In 1698, the defeated candidate, William Hucks, petitioned against the election of Sir Simon Harcourt, but during the hearing of the case it emerged that Hucks had promised that should he be elected an MP he would be made a Commissioner of the Excise, in which case he would use that power to appoint several of the voters to well-paid excise posts. The petition was dismissed and Hucks was committed to the custody of the sergeant-at-arms. (But ten years later, defeated again by Harcourt at the election of 1708, Hucks petitioned once more, on grounds of intimidation and other illegal practices, and this time Harcourt was ejected from his seat and Hucks declared to have been duly elected. Harcourt complained that the decision was a partisan one – which would have been by no means unusual at the period – "insisting to the last that he was the legal member, by a clear majority, by the most fair estimation".) [5]

In 1831, the population of the borough was approximately 5,300, and contained 1,192 houses. This was sufficient for Abingdon to retain its MP under the Great Reform Act. (Indeed, it would have been big enough to retain two MPs had it had them, but there was no question of its representation being increased.) Its boundaries were unaltered, and under the reformed franchise 300 of the residents were qualified to vote.

In 1885 the borough constituency was abolished and the town was moved into a new county, The Northern or Abingdon Division of Berkshire . This constituency consisted of the northern part of the historic county, and as well as Abingdon included the towns of Wantage and Wallingford; it was predominantly agricultural at first, although its character changed during the 20th century with the growth of light industry round Abingdon, and it was generally a safe Conservative seat. This constituency survived essentially intact, with only minor boundary changes, until the 1983 general election, by which time it was simply called Abingdon County Constituency.

Abingdon was abolished in 1983 after changes in administrative boundaries resulting from the Local Government Act 1972 moved most of the northern part of the historic county of Berkshire, including Abingdon, into the county of Oxfordshire.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1885–1918

1918–1950

The constituency's boundaries were adjusted slightly by the Representation of the People Act 1918, gaining a small part of the Newbury Division. It was redefined in terms of the administrative county of Berkshire and the county districts created by the Local Government Acts of 1888 and 1894.

1950–1974

Under the Representation of the People Act 1948, Abingdon was altered marginally, with the part of the rural district of Bradfield being transferred to Newbury.

1974–1983

As above. The constituency was not altered by the Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order of 1970, but was slightly amended prior to the February 1974 general election to take account of changes to local government boundaries. [13]

As a result of the constituency boundary changes introduced at the 1983 general election, the Abingdon constituency was divided; most of its electors were placed in the new Wantage constituency and a significant minority including electors in the town of Abingdon were placed in the Oxford West and Abingdon constituency. A small part to the south of the constituency had been retained within Berkshire and this area was transferred to Newbury.

Members of Parliament

1558–1640

Robert Byng served as the Member of Parliament for Abingdon in the Parliament of 1559. Robert Byng.jpg
Robert Byng served as the Member of Parliament for Abingdon in the Parliament of 1559.
ParliamentMember
Parliament of 1558 Oliver Hyde
Parliament of 1559 Robert Byng
Parliament of 1563–1567 Oliver Hyde (Died during the Parliament)
Anthony Forster (Elected 1566)
Parliament of 1571 Anthony Forster
Parliament of 1572–1583 Anthony Forster (Died during the Parliament)
Richard Beake (Elected 1572)
Parliament of 1584–1585 Hon. Edward Norreys
Parliament of 1586–1587 Griffith Lloyd, chose to sit for Cardiganshire, replaced by Miles Sandys
Parliament of 1588–1589 Hon. Sir Edward Norreys
Parliament of 1593 William Braunche
Parliament of 1597–1598 Francis Little
Parliament of 1601 Robert Ryche
Parliament of 1604–1611 Sir Richard Lovelace
Addled Parliament (1614) Sir Robert Knollys
Parliament of 1621–1622 Robert Hyde
Happy Parliament (1624–1625) Sir Robert Knollys
Useless Parliament (1625) Sir Robert Knollys
Parliament of 1625–1626
Parliament of 1628–1629 Sir John Stonhouse, 2nd Bt.
No Parliament summoned 1629–1640

1640–1885

ElectionMemberParty
April 1640 Sir George Stonhouse, 3rd Baronet Royalist
January 1644Stonhouse disabled to sit – seat vacant
1645 John Ball (Died 1648)
1649 Henry Neville
1653Abingdon was unrepresented in the Barebones Parliament
1654 Thomas Holt
1656
January 1659 Sir John Lenthall
May 1659 Henry Neville
April 1660 Sir George Stonhouse, 3rd Baronet
1675 Sir John Stonhouse, 2nd Bt
January 1689 Thomas Medlycott [n 1]
May 1689 John Southby [n 2]
January 1690 Sir John Stonhouse, 2nd Bt
February 1690 Sir Simon Harcourt Tory
1705 Grey Neville Whig
1708 Sir Simon Harcourt [n 3] Tory
1709 William Hucks Whig
October 1710 Sir Simon Harcourt Tory
December 1710 James Jennings Tory
1713 Hon. Simon Harcourt
1715 James Jennings Tory
1722 Robert Hucks Whig
1741 John Wright
1747 John Morton [n 4] Tory [14]
1770 Nathaniel Bayly Whig [14]
1774 John Mayor [n 5] Tory [14]
1782 Henry Howorth
1783 Edward Loveden Loveden Whig [14]
1796 Thomas Metcalfe Tory [14]
1807 George Knapp Whig [14]
1809 Henry Bowyer
1811 Sir George Bowyer, 6th Bt Whig [14]
1818 John Maberly Whig [14]
1832 Thomas Duffield Tory [14] [15]
1834 Conservative [14] [15]
1844 by-election Sir Frederick Thesiger Conservative [15]
July 1852 by-election James Caulfeild Whig [16]
December 1852 Montagu Bertie Whig [17]
1854 by-election Joseph Haythorne Reed Whig
1857 John Thomas Norris Radical [17]
1859 Liberal [15]
1865 Hon. Charles Lindsay Conservative [15]
1874 John Creemer Clarke Liberal [15]
1885 Parliamentary borough abolished

MPs 1885–1983

After the abolition of the parliamentary borough of Abingdon, a new county division of Berkshire was created.

ElectionMemberParty
1885 Philip Wroughton Conservative
1895 Archie Loyd Conservative
1906 Edward Strauss Liberal
1910 (Jan) Harold Henderson Conservative
1916 by-election Archie Loyd Conservative
1918 John Tyson Wigan Coalition Conservative
1921 by-election Arthur Loyd Coalition Conservative
1922 Conservative
1923 Edward Lessing Liberal
1924 Sir Ralph Glyn, 1st Bt. Conservative
1953 by-election Airey Neave Conservative
1979 Thomas Benyon Conservative
1983 Constituency abolished

Elections

Sources 1754–1784: Namier and Brooke; (parties) Stooks Smith. Positive swing is from Whig to Tory. Sources 1885–1900: House of Commons 1901.

1754 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%
Tory John Morton 133 57.08
Non Partisan Henry Thrale 10042.92
Majority3314.16
Turnout 233N/A
Tory win (new seat)
1761 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Morton Unopposed
Tory hold Swing N/A
By-Election 1762: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Morton Unopposed
Tory hold Swing N/A
1768 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Morton 126 50.40 N/A
Whig Nathaniel Bayly12449.60New
Majority 20.80N/A
Turnout 250N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
1774 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Mayor 146 55.73 +5.33
Whig Thomas Wooldridge11644.275.33
Majority 3011.46+10.66
Turnout 262N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing +5.33
By-Election 1775: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John MayorUnopposed
Tory hold Swing N/A
1780 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Mayor 137 71.35 +15.62
Whig Thomas Wooldridge5528.6515.62
Majority 8242.70+31.24
Turnout 192N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing +15.62
By-Election 1782: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Non PartisanHenry HoworthUnopposed
Nonpartisan gain from TorySwingN/A
By-Election 1783: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Edward LovedenUnopposed
Whig gain from NonpartisanSwingN/A
1784 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Edward LovedenUnopposed
Whig hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1830s

1830 general election: Abingdon [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Maberly 159 62.8 N/A
Tory Ebenezer Maitland [18] 9437.2N/A
Majority 6525.6N/A
Turnout 253N/A
Whig hold Swing N/A
1831 general election: Abingdon [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig John Maberly Unopposed
Whig hold
1832 general election: Abingdon [14] [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Thomas Duffield 157 78.1 New
Whig William Leader Maberly [19] 4321.4N/A
Whig Thomas Bowles10.5N/A
Majority 11456.7N/A
Turnout 20167.0N/A
Registered electors 300
Tory gain from Whig
1835 general election: Abingdon [14] [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Thomas Duffield Unopposed
Registered electors 292
Conservative hold
1837 general election: Abingdon [14] [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Thomas Duffield Unopposed
Registered electors 306
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1840s

1841 general election: Abingdon [14] [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Thomas Duffield Unopposed
Registered electors 321
Conservative hold

Duffield resigned by accepting the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds, causing a by-election.

By-election 1844: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Frederic Thesiger Unopposed
Conservative hold

Thesiger was appointed Attorney General for England and Wales, requiring a by-election.

By-election 1845: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Frederic Thesiger 156 55.3 N/A
Whig James Caulfeild 12644.7New
Majority 3010.6N/A
Turnout 28289.5N/A
Registered electors 315
Conservative hold Swing N/A
1847 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Frederic Thesiger 153 50.3 N/A
Whig James Caulfeild 15149.7N/A
Majority 20.6N/A
Turnout 30489.7N/A
Registered electors 339
Conservative hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1850s

Thesiger was appointed Attorney General for England and Wales, requiring a by-election.

By-election 1852: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Frederic Thesiger Unopposed
Conservative hold
1852 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig James Caulfeild Unopposed
Registered electors 312
Whig gain from Conservative

Caulfeild's death caused a by-election.

By-election 1852: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Montague Bertie 153 54.3 N/A
Conservative Daniel Higford Davall Burr [20] 12945.7New
Majority 248.6N/A
Turnout 28290.4N/A
Registered electors 312
Whig hold Swing N/A

Bertie succeeded to the peerage, becoming 6th Earl of Abingdon and causing a by-election.

By-election 1854: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Joseph Haythorne Reed 125 51.7 2.6
Radical John Thomas Norris 11748.3N/A
Majority 83.45.2
Turnout 24262.228.2
Registered electors 389
Whig hold Swing N/A
1857 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Radical John Thomas Norris Unopposed
Registered electors 323
Radical gain from Whig
1859 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Thomas Norris 144 54.8 N/A
Conservative John Godfrey Bellingham Hudson [21] 11945.2New
Majority 259.6N/A
Turnout 26382.2N/A
Registered electors 320
Liberal hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1860s

1865 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Lindsay 137 54.2 +9.0
Liberal John Thomas Norris 11645.8−9.0
Majority 218.4N/A
Turnout 25383.2+1.0
Registered electors 304
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing

Lindsay was appointed a Groom in Waiting to Queen Victoria, requiring a by-election.

By-election 1866: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Lindsay Unopposed
Conservative hold
1868 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Lindsay 397 55.1 +0.9
Liberal Godfrey Lushington [22] 32444.90.9
Majority 7310.2+1.8
Turnout 72190.0+6.8
Registered electors 801
Conservative hold Swing +0.9

Elections in the 1870s

1874 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Creemer Clarke 439 56.9 +12.0
Conservative Charles Lindsay 33343.112.0
Majority 10613.8N/A
Turnout 77289.80.2
Registered electors 860
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +12.0

Elections in the 1880s

1880 general election: Abingdon [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Creemer Clarke 428 52.6 4.3
Conservative Alban Gibbs 38647.4+4.3
Majority 425.28.6
Turnout 81491.5+1.7
Registered electors 890
Liberal hold Swing 4.3
Purvis Robert Purvis.jpg
Purvis
1885 general election: Abingdon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Philip Wroughton 4,245 58.7 +11.3
Liberal Robert Purvis 2,98641.311.3
Majority 1,25917.4N/A
Turnout 7,23182.39.2
Registered electors 8,791
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +11.3
1886 general election: Abingdon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Philip Wroughton 3,899 67.1 +8.4
Liberal Edward Colston Keevil1,91032.98.4
Majority 1,98934.2+16.8
Turnout 5,80966.116.2
Registered electors 8,791
Conservative hold Swing +8.4

Elections in the 1890s

1892 general election: Abingdon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Philip Wroughton 3,565 52.4 14.7
Liberal Charles Alfred Pryce3,23947.6+14.7
Majority 3264.829.4
Turnout 6,80479.3+13.2
Registered electors 8,585
Conservative hold Swing 14.7
1895 general election: Abingdon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Archie Loyd 4,064 57.4 +5.0
Liberal Charles Alfred Pryce3,01942.65.0
Majority 1,04514.8+10.0
Turnout 7,08382.2+2.9
Registered electors 8,615
Conservative hold Swing +5.0

Elections in the 1900s

1900 general election: Abingdon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Archie Loyd Unopposed
Registered electors 8,698
Conservative hold
Edward Strauss Edward Strauss.jpg
Edward Strauss
1906 general election: Abingdon [23]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Edward Strauss 3,943 51.1 New
Conservative Harold Henderson 3,76748.9N/A
Majority 1762.2N/A
Turnout 7,71086.9N/A
Registered electors 8,875
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s

January 1910 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harold Henderson 4,829 56.1 +7.2
Liberal Edward Strauss 3,77643.97.2
Majority 1,05312.2N/A
Turnout 8,60593.0+6.1
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +7.2
December 1910 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Harold Henderson 4,677 58.4 +2.3
Liberal Morton Harcourt Sands3,32841.62.3
Majority 1,34916.8+4.6
Turnout 8,005
Conservative hold Swing +2.3
1918 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist John Tyson Wigan Unopposed
Unionist hold
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Elections in the 1920s

1921 Abingdon by-election [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Arthur Loyd Unopposed
Unionist hold
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.
1922 general election: Abingdon [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Arthur Loyd 10,507 51.3 N/A
Liberal Edward Lessing 9,96748.7New
Majority 5402.6N/A
Turnout 20,47477.1N/A
Unionist hold Swing N/A
1923 general election: Abingdon [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Edward Lessing 10,932 50.6 +1.9
Unionist Ralph Glyn 10,67849.41.9
Majority 2541.2N/A
Turnout 21,61079.5+2.4
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing +1.9
1924 general election: Abingdon [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Ralph Glyn 13,117 56.4 +7.0
Liberal Edward Lessing 8,80537.8−12.8
Labour D F Brundril1,3555.8New
Majority 4,31218.6N/A
Turnout 23,27782.9+3.4
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing
1929 general election: Abingdon [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Ralph Glyn 14,094 47.4 9.0
Liberal Edward Lessing 11,89640.1+2.3
Labour Arthur Reade 3,71212.5+6.7
Majority 2,1987.311.3
Turnout 25,99080.82.1
Unionist hold Swing 5.7

Elections in the 1930s

1931 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ralph Glyn Unopposed
Conservative hold
1935 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ralph Glyn Unopposed
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1940s

A General election was due to take place before the end of 1940, but was postponed due to the Second World War. By 1939, the following candidates had been selected to contest this constituency;

1945 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ralph Glyn 16,968 44.6 N/A
Labour Dale Hope Parkinson11,98031.5New
Liberal John Henry Charles Miller7,03118.5New
Communist John Clement Dix Dunman1,6684.4New
Independent Sir Charles Arland Maitland Freake, 4th Baronet4191.1New
Majority 4,98813.1N/A
Turnout 38,06664.1N/A
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

1950 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ralph Glyn 20,595 46.45
Labour Robert Jarrett McCullagh16,73337.74
Liberal Eric Digby Tempest Vane6,61214.91
Communist John Clement Dix Dunman3960.89
Majority 3,8628.71
Turnout 44,33682.10
Conservative hold Swing
1951 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Ralph Glyn 24,774 55.47
Labour John EG Curthoys19,89144.53
Majority 4,88310.94
Turnout 44,66579.96
Conservative hold Swing
1953 Abingdon by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 22,986 53.24 2.23
Labour Ted Castle 17,12639.674.86
Liberal George Allen3,0607.09New
Majority 5,86013.57+2.64
Turnout 43,17275.9−4.06
Conservative hold Swing +1.3
1955 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 25,613 50.00
Labour Margaret Reid16,97933.15
Liberal George Allen8,63416.85N/A
Majority 8,63416.85
Turnout 51,22687.59
Conservative hold Swing
1959 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 27,943 54.19
Labour Philip Picard16,97132.91
Liberal Verdun Isabel Perl6,65112.90
Majority 10,97221.28
Turnout 51,56580.77
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

1964 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 26,707 47.98
Labour Frederick J Riddell20,33436.53
Liberal Verdun Isabel Perl8,62715.50
Majority 6,37311.45
Turnout 55,66880.56
Conservative hold Swing
1966 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 27,749 46.3 −1.7
Labour Alan H.S. Matterson24,44740.8+4.3
Liberal Denis H.V. Case7,70312.9−2.6
Majority 3,3025.5−5.9
Turnout 59,89982.5+1.9
Conservative hold Swing +3.0

Elections in the 1970s

1970 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 36,209 54.4 +8.1
Labour Norman H. Price23,13634.8−6.0
Liberal S.R. Caradoc Evans7,19810.8−2.1
Majority 13,07319.6+14.1
Turnout 66,54377.6−4.9
Conservative hold Swing
February 1974 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 34,771 46.8 −7.6
Labour D.E.H. Moriarty21,02828.3−6.5
Liberal Michael Patrick Fogarty 18,45824.9+14.1
Majority 13,74318.5−1.1
Turnout 74,25783.0+5.4
Conservative hold Swing
October 1974 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Airey Neave 31,956 46.6 −0.2
Labour D.E.H. Moriarty21,31931.1+2.8
Liberal Michael Patrick Fogarty 15,23922.2−2.7
Majority 10,63715.5−3.0
Turnout 68,51475.8−7.2
Conservative hold Swing
1979 general election: Abingdon
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Thomas Benyon 41,211 53.8 +7.2
Labour Andrew Popper18,92024.7−6.4
Liberal Ian Blair16,16421.1−1.1
IndependentR. Pinder3810.5New
Majority 22,29129.1+13.6
Turnout 76,67679.5+3.7
Conservative hold Swing

See also

Notes

  1. Medlycott's election was declared void on petition, and a new election was held
  2. Southby was returned as elected by the Mayor, but on petition the Commons decided that Stonhouse and not Southby had received the most votes, and eventually declared Stonhouse duly elected
  3. Harcourt was initially declared elected, but on petition alleging "that Sir Simon, by menaces and by other illegal practices of himself and his agents, procured several votes for him, and several were admitted to vote for him who had no right", the result was overturned and Hucks declared to have been duly elected
  4. At the election of 1768, Morton was declared re-elected, but on petition the result was overturned and his opponent Bayly declared elected instead
  5. On petition, Mayor's election was declared void, since as High Sheriff of Berkshire he was not eligible to be elected MP for a borough within the county. A new election was ordered, by which time Mayor had completed his term as sheriff and was re-elected.

References

  1. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1558-1603). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  2. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1604-1629). Retrieved 27 March 2019. (currently unavailable)
  3. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1640-1660). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  4. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1660-1690). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  5. 1 2 "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1690-1715). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  6. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1715-1754). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  7. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1754-1790). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  8. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1790-1820). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  9. "Abingdon". History of Parliament Online (1820-1832). Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  10. "Chap. 23. Redistribution of Seats Act, 1885". The Public General Acts of the United Kingdom passed in the forty-eighth and forty-ninth years of the reign of Queen Victoria. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode. 1885. pp. 111–198.
  11. Fraser, Hugh (1918). The Representation of the People Act, 1918: with explanatory notes. London: Sweet and Maxwell.
  12. "Representation of the People Act 1948: Schedule 1", legislation.gov.uk , The National Archives, 1948 c. 65 (sch.1), retrieved 27 February 2023
  13. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (Abingdon and Newbury) Order 1971. SI 1971/2106". Statutory Instruments 1971. Part III Section 2. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office. 1972. pp. 6215–6216.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844-1850]. Craig, F. W. S. (ed.). The Parliaments of England (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. pp.  6–7. ISBN   0-900178-13-2.
  15. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   978-1-349-02349-3.
  16. "Election Talk". The Spectator . 6 March 1852. p. 6. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  17. 1 2 Salmon, Philip (24 May 2016). "An 'upstart from the ranks': MP of the Month, John Thomas Norris (1808-70)". The Victorian Commons. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  18. "General Election" . Bell's Weekly Messenger. 26 July 1830. p. 8. Retrieved 5 September 2019 via British Newspaper Archive.
  19. "Abingdon Election" . Berkshire Chronicle. 15 December 1832. pp. 2–3. Retrieved 5 September 2019 via British Newspaper Archive.
  20. "Abingdon Election" . Berkshire Chronicle . 4 December 1852. p. 3. Retrieved 6 April 2018 via British Newspaper Archive.
  21. "Abingdon Election". Reading Mercury. 30 April 1859. p. 5. Retrieved 6 April 2018.
  22. "Election Intelligence" . Western Daily Press . 3 August 1868. p. 3. Retrieved 26 January 2018 via British Newspaper Archive.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN   9781349022984.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 British parliamentary election results 1918–1949, Craig, F.W.S.
  25. The Liberal Magazine, 1939

Bibliography