Code page 37

Last updated
EBCDIC 037
MIME / IANAIBM037
Alias(es)cp037, ebcdic-cp-us, ebcdic-cp-ca, ebcdic-cp-wt, ebcdic-cp-nl, csIBM037 [1]
Classification EBCDIC
Transforms / Encodes ISO/IEC 8859-1
Other related encoding(s)EBCDIC 37-2, 500, 924, 1047, 1140

Code page 37 (CCSID 37; label IBM037), [1] known as "USA/Canada - CECP", is an EBCDIC code page used on IBM mainframes and midrange computers. It encodes the ISO/IEC 8859-1 repertoire of graphic characters.

Contents

Code page 37 is one of the most-used and best-supported EBCDIC code pages. It is used as the default z/OS code page in the United States and other English speaking countries. [2] It is considered the "required" EBCDIC code page for the United States, [3] and also used in Australia, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Portugal and Brazil, and on ESA/390 systems in Canada, [4] but not on Canadian AS/400 systems, which use Code page 500 instead. [5] It is one of four EBCDIC code pages (alongside 500, 875 and 1026) with mapping data supplied by Microsoft to the Unicode Consortium, [6] and one of seven (alongside 273, 424, 500, 875, 1026 and 1140) supported by Python as standard. [7]

Character set

Code page 37 exists in two versions: [8] : 5·2  a "base character set" or "DP94" version (GCSGID 101 with CPGID 37, or CCSID 8229), containing only 94 graphical characters (plus the space and control codes), [9] [8] : 5·15  and a "CECP" (Country Extended Code Page) version (GCSGID 697 with CPGID 37, or CCSID 37) with expansions to support the entire ISO/IEC 8859-1 repertoire. [4] [8] [10] : 5·17 

Code page 37 [11] [12] [8]
0123456789ABCDEF
0x NUL SOH STX ETX SEL   HT   RNL DEL   GE   SPS RPT   VT    FF    CR    SO    SI   
1x DLE DC1 DC2 DC3 RES/
ENP 		  NL     BS   POC CAN   EM   UBS CU1   IFS   IGS   IRS IUS/
ITB
2x  DS   SOS   FS   WUS BYP/
INP 		  LF   ETB ESC   SA   SFE  SM/
SW 		CSP MFA ENQ ACK BEL
3x SYN    IR    PP   TRN NBS EOT SBS    IT   RFF CU3 DC4 NAK SUB
4x  SP   NBSP â
00E2		 ä
00E4		 à
00E0		 á
00E1		 ã
00E3		 å
00E5		 ç
00E7		 ñ
00F1		 ¢
00A2		 .
002E		 <
003C		 (
0028		 +
002B		 |
007C
5x &
0026		 é
00E9		 ê
00EA		 ë
00EB		 è
00E8		 í
00ED		 î
00EE		 ï
00EF		 ì
00EC		 ß
00DF		 !
0021		 $
0024		 *
002A		 )
0029		 ;
003B		 ¬
00AC
6x -
002D		 /
002F		 Â
00C2		 Ä
00C4		 À
00C0		 Á
00C1		 Ã
00C3		 Å
00C5		 Ç
00C7		 Ñ
00D1		 ¦
00A6		 ,
002C		 %
0025		 _
005F		 >
003E		 ?
003F
7x ø
00F8		 É
00C9		 Ê
00CA		 Ë
00CB		 È
00C8		 Í
00CD		 Î
00CE		 Ï
00CF		 Ì
00CC		 `
0060		 :
003A		 #
0023		 @
0040		 '
0027		 =
003D		 "
0022
8x Ø
00D8		 a
0061		 b
0062		 c
0063		 d
0064		 e
0065		 f
0066		 g
0067		 h
0068		 i
0069		 «
00AB		 »
00BB		 ð
00F0		 ý
00FD		 þ
00FE		 ±
00B1
9x °
00B0		 j
006A		 k
006B		 l
006C		 m
006D		 n
006E		 o
006F		 p
0070		 q
0071		 r
0072		 ª
00AA		 º
00BA		 æ
00E6		 ¸
00B8		 Æ
00C6		 ¤
00A4
Ax µ
00B5		 ~
007E		 s
0073		 t
0074		 u
0075		 v
0076		 w
0077		 x
0078		 y
0079		 z
007A		 ¡
00A1		 ¿
00BF		 Ð
00D0		 Ý
00DD		 Þ
00DE		 ®
00AE
Bx ^
005E		 £
00A3		 ¥
00A5		 ·
00B7		 ©
00A9		 §
00A7
00B6		 ¼
00BC		 ½
00BD		 ¾
00BE		 [
005B		 ]
005D		 ¯
00AF		 ¨
00A8		 ´
00B4		 ×
00D7
Cx {
007B		 A
0041		 B
0042		 C
0043		 D
0044		 E
0045		 F
0046		 G
0047		 H
0048		 I
0049		 SHY ô
00F4		 ö
00F6		 ò
00F2		 ó
00F3		 õ
00F5
Dx }
007D		 J
004A		 K
004B		 L
004C		 M
004D		 N
004E		 O
004F		 P
0050		 Q
0051		 R
0052		 ¹
00B9		 û
00FB		 ü
00FC		 ù
00F9		 ú
00FA		 ÿ
00FF
Ex \
005C		 ÷
00F7		 S
0053		 T
0054		 U
0055		 V
0056		 W
0057		 X
0058		 Y
0059		 Z
005A		 ²
00B2		 Ô
00D4		 Ö
00D6		 Ò
00D2		 Ó
00D3		 Õ
00D5
Fx 0
0030		 1
0031		 2
0032		 3
0033		 4
0034		 5
0035		 6
0036		 7
0037		 8
0038		 9
0039		 ³
00B3		 Û
00DB		 Ü
00DC		 Ù
00D9		 Ú
00DA		  EO  
  CECP additions not part of the base set.

Pre-1986 version

The CECP code pages, including code page 37, were modified in 1986. [13] The post-1986 version is sometimes referred to as code page 37 "version 1" [14] ("037/1"), [8] : 5·17  while the previous version is referred to as code page 37 "version 0", [14] [15] or alternatively as code page 1070. [15] Four positions differ between version 1 and version 0. [14] These 1986 modifications brought the CECP character repertoire in sync with ISO 8859-1. [10] The changes affect only the CECP expansions; the 94-character base set is unchanged between both versions.

The differing portion of the older version is shown below; the remainder is the same as the current code page 37. The character at 0xE1 is a numeric (figure) space, [13] [16] although it was also used as a mapping for the control code U+009F ( APC in ECMA-48). [13]

Code page 37/0 (1070), bytes 0xB0–EF [16] [17] [10]
0123456789ABCDEF
Bx ^
005E		 £
00A3		 ¥
00A5		 ·
00B7		 ƒ
0192		 §
00A7
00B6		 ¼
00BC		 ½
00BD		 ¾
00BE		 [
005B		 ]
005D		 ¯
00AF		 ¨
00A8		 ´
00B4		 ‗
2017
Cx {
007B		 A
0041		 B
0042		 C
0043		 D
0044		 E
0045		 F
0046		 G
0047		 H
0048		 I
0049		 SHY ô
00F4		 ö
00F6		 ò
00F2		 ó
00F3		 õ
00F5
Dx }
007D		 J
004A		 K
004B		 L
004C		 M
004D		 N
004E		 O
004F		 P
0050		 Q
0051		 R
0052		 ı
0131		 û
00FB		 ü
00FC		 ù
00F9		 ú
00FA		 ÿ
00FF
Ex \
005C		 FSP
2007		 S
0053		 T
0054		 U
0055		 V
0056		 W
0057		 X
0058		 Y
0059		 Z
005A		 ²
00B2		 Ô
00D4		 Ö
00D6		 Ò
00D2		 Ó
00D3		 Õ
00D5
  Differences from code page 37/1.

Code page translation

Since CP 037 contains all of the standard Latin-1 characters, it is possible to translate the character codes from the CP 037 charset to ISO 8859-1 character codes, so that translation back to the CP 037 charset is an exact value-preserving round-trip conversion. Likewise, half of the control character codes can be translated into their exact ASCII equivalents. If the remaining EBCDIC-only control characters are translated (arbitrarily) into the remaining unused ASCII codes points (hex 80 to 9F) as well, the resulting translation covers all of the 256 character code points. Such a translation table is shown below:

CP 037 → ISO 8859-1
 _0_1_2_3_4_5_6_7_8_9_A_B_C_D_E_F
0_000102039C09867F978D8E0B0C0D0E0F
1_101112139D8508871819928F1C1D1E1F
2_80818283840A171B88898A8B8C050607
3_909116939495960498999A9B14159E1A
4_20A0E2E4E0E1E3E5E7F1A22E3C282B7C
5_26E9EAEBE8EDEEEFECDF21242A293BAC
6_2D2FC2C4C0C1C3C5C7D1A62C255F3E3F
7_F8C9CACBC8CDCECFCC603A2340273D22
8_D8616263646566676869ABBBF0FDFEB1
9_B06A6B6C6D6E6F707172AABAE6B8C6A4
A_B57E737475767778797AA1BFD0DDDEAE
B_5EA3A5B7A9A7B6BCBDBE5B5DAFA8B4D7
C_7B414243444546474849ADF4F6F2F3F5
D_7D4A4B4C4D4E4F505152B9FBFCF9FAFF
E_5CF7535455565758595AB2D4D6D2D3D5
F_30313233343536373839B3DBDCD9DA9F

Variants and relation to other code pages

Several other code pages exist, which amount to code page 37 with a few characters swapped. In particular, code page 37 encodes the hard brackets ([]) at BAhex and BBhex, while other variants use other encodings for the hard brackets. For example, code page 1047 is a variant used by the MVS Open Systems compiler. [18] It differs from code page 37 in six positions: Ý and [ switch places, as do ¨ and ], placing the hard brackets at ADhex and BDhex; the caret and not sign also switch places [19] [20] This encoding of the brackets was inherited from the 3270 display system. [21] Although IBM intends code page 1047 to be used to fulfil specific requirements only, and not as a replacement for code pages 37 and 500, [3] the subset of code page 1047 encoding the ASCII repertoire was used for the single-byte graphical codes in UTF-EBCDIC. [18]

A hybrid of code pages 37 and 1047 used in combination with code page 310 on the 3279 system has been acknowledged by SHARE, but not officially designated as a code page by IBM, and is sometimes referred to as code page 37-2 by transcoding software. [21] It mostly matches code page 1047, except that the caret and the not sign are inverted to match code page 37. [21] [22]

Code page 500, known as "International EBCDIC", [5] "International Latin-1" or "International Number 5", [21] is the other major EBCDIC encoding for the ISO/IEC 8859-1 repertoire. It is used in Belgium, Switzerland and on AS/400 systems in Canada. [5] It is related to code page 37 and has the same repertoire, but differs in seven positions; in particular, it encodes [ and ] at 4Ahex and 5Ahex respectively, which are used for the cent sign (¢) and exclamation point (!) in code page 37. The caret (^) is also encoded at 5Fhex, similarly to code page 1047. The ¢ is encoded at B0hex, the ¬ at BAhex, the ! at 4Fhex and the pipe character (|) at BBhex. [23] [24] Code page 500 is in turn related to the German code page 273, which swaps several character pairs in a manner corresponding to the differences between DRV8 and ISO/IEC 8859-1, resulting in placement of the hard brackets at 63hex and FChex. [25]

A variant of code page 37 with the euro sign (€) character added at the 9Fhex position, replacing the universal currency sign (¤) is code page 1140. [26] [27] Similarly, code page 1148 makes the same change to code page 500, [28] [29] and code page 1141 does so to code page 273. [30]

An EBCDIC code page with the ISO/IEC 8859-15 repertoire, including the euro sign, is code page 924; this is related to code page 1047 but with the ISO/IEC 8859-1 characters replaced with their ISO/IEC 8859-15 replacements, with ¢ and ¬ moved to their code page 500 locations at B0hex and BAhex respectively, and with Ý moved to 4Ahex. [31]

See also

Related Research Articles

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Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code is an eight-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and IBM midrange computer operating systems. It descended from the code used with punched cards and the corresponding six-bit binary-coded decimal code used with most of IBM's computer peripherals of the late 1950s and early 1960s. It is supported by various non-IBM platforms, such as Fujitsu-Siemens' BS2000/OSD, OS-IV, MSP, and MSP-EX, the SDS Sigma series, Unisys VS/9, Unisys MCP and ICL VME.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ISO/IEC 8859-1</span> Character encoding

ISO/IEC 8859-1:1998, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 1: Latin alphabet No. 1, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1987. ISO/IEC 8859-1 encodes what it refers to as "Latin alphabet no. 1", consisting of 191 characters from the Latin script. This character-encoding scheme is used throughout the Americas, Western Europe, Oceania, and much of Africa. It is the basis for some popular 8-bit character sets and the first two blocks of characters in Unicode.

ISO/IEC 8859-3:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 3: Latin alphabet No. 3, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1988. It is informally referred to as Latin-3 or South European. It was designed to cover Turkish, Maltese and Esperanto, though the introduction of ISO/IEC 8859-9 superseded it for Turkish. The encoding was popular for users of Esperanto, but fell out of use as application support for Unicode became more common.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Windows-1252</span> Character encoding

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ISO/IEC 8859-11:2001, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 11: Latin/Thai alphabet, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 2001. It is informally referred to as Latin/Thai. It is nearly identical to the national Thai standard TIS-620 (1990). The sole difference is that ISO/IEC 8859-11 allocates non-breaking space to code 0xA0, while TIS-620 leaves it undefined.

ISO/IEC 8859-8, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 8: Latin/Hebrew alphabet, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings. ISO/IEC 8859-8:1999 from 1999 represents its second and current revision, preceded by the first edition ISO/IEC 8859-8:1988 in 1988. It is informally referred to as Latin/Hebrew. ISO/IEC 8859-8 covers all the Hebrew letters, but no Hebrew vowel signs. IBM assigned code page 916 to it. This character set was also adopted by Israeli Standard SI1311:2002, with some extensions.

ISO/IEC 8859-4:1998, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 4: Latin alphabet No. 4, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1988. It is informally referred to as Latin-4 or North European. It was designed to cover Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Greenlandic, and Sámi. It has been largely superseded by ISO/IEC 8859-10 and Unicode. Microsoft has assigned code page 28594 a.k.a. Windows-28594 to ISO-8859-4 in Windows. IBM has assigned code page 914 to ISO 8859-4.

ISO/IEC 8859-7:2003, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 7: Latin/Greek alphabet, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1987. It is informally referred to as Latin/Greek. It was designed to cover the modern Greek language. The original 1987 version of the standard had the same character assignments as the Greek national standard ELOT 928, published in 1986. The table in this article shows the updated 2003 version which adds three characters. Microsoft has assigned code page 28597 a.k.a. Windows-28597 to ISO-8859-7 in Windows. IBM has assigned code page 813 to ISO 8859-7. (IBM CCSID 813 is the original encoding. CCSID 4909 adds the euro sign. CCSID 9005 further adds the drachma sign and ypogegrammeni.)

ISO/IEC 8859-9:1999, Information technology — 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets — Part 9: Latin alphabet No. 5, is part of the ISO/IEC 8859 series of ASCII-based standard character encodings, first edition published in 1989. It is designated ECMA-128 by Ecma International and TS 5881 as a Turkish standard. It is informally referred to as Latin-5 or Turkish. It was designed to cover the Turkish language, designed as being of more use than the ISO/IEC 8859-3 encoding. It is identical to ISO/IEC 8859-1 except for the replacement of six Icelandic characters with characters unique to the Turkish alphabet. And the uppercase of i is İ; the lowercase of I is ı.

Windows-1250 is a code page used under Microsoft Windows to represent texts in Central European and Eastern European languages that use the Latin script. It is primarily used by Czech, though Czech has now moved to UTF-8 and mostly abandoned this legacy encoding. It is also used for Polish, Slovak, Hungarian, Slovene, Serbo-Croatian, Romanian, Rotokas and Albanian. It may also be used with the German language, though it's missing uppercase ẞ. German-language texts encoded with Windows-1250 and Windows-1252 are identical.

Windows code page 1253, commonly known by its IANA-registered name Windows-1253 or abbreviated as cp1253, is a Microsoft Windows code page used to write modern Greek. It is not capable of supporting the older polytonic Greek.

Windows-1254 is a code page used under Microsoft Windows, to write Turkish that it was designed for. Characters with codepoints A0 through FF are compatible with ISO 8859-9, but the CR range, which is reserved for C1 control codes in ISO 8859, is instead used for additional characters. It is similar to ISO/IEC 8859-1 except for the replacement of six Icelandic characters with characters unique to the Turkish alphabet.

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IBM code page 949 (IBM-949) is a character encoding which has been used by IBM to represent Korean language text on computers. It is a variable-width encoding which represents the characters from the Wansung code defined by the South Korean standard KS X 1001 in a format compatible with EUC-KR, but adds IBM extensions for additional hanja, additional precomposed Hangul syllables, and user-defined characters.

Code page 922 is a code page used under IBM AIX and DOS to write the Estonian language. It is an extension and modification of ISO/IEC 8859-1, where the letters Ð/ð and Þ/þ used for Icelandic are replaced by the letters Š/š and Ž/ž respectively. This matches the encoding of these letters in Windows-1257 and ISO/IEC 8859-13.

References

  1. 1 2 IANA Character Sets
  2. ↑ Stephens, David (2011), "Lost in Translation 1 - EBCDIC Code Pages", LongEx Mainframe Quarterly, Longpela Expertise
  3. 1 2 "Code page identifiers—CPGID 1047". IBM. Archived from the original on 2015-06-07. This code page is meant for limited use to meet specific requirements. It is not intended as a replacement for Code Page 00037 which is the required code page for the United States and several other countries or Code Page 00500
  4. 1 2 "Coded character set identifiers—CCSID 37". IBM. Archived from the original on 2014-11-29.
  5. 1 2 3 "Coded character set identifiers—CCSID 500". IBM. Archived from the original on 2014-12-01.
  6. ↑ "Mappings | Vendors | Microsoft | EBCDIC". Unicode Consortium.
  7. ↑ "codecs — Codec registry and base classes § Standard Encodings". Python Documentation. Python Software Foundation.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 "Chapter 5. 3270 Display Station and Printer Code Page Charts" (PDF). 3174 Establishment Controller Character Set Reference (3rd ed.). IBM. 1990 [1988]. GA27-3831-02.
  9. ↑ "Coded character set identifiers—CCSID 8229". IBM. Archived from the original on 2014-11-29.
  10. 1 2 3 "iso8859.txt". Kermit project / Columbia University.
  11. ↑ Code Page CPGID 00037 (pdf) (PDF), IBM
  12. ↑ Code Page CPGID 00037 (txt), IBM
  13. 1 2 3 IBM (2018) [1990, 1995]. "Character Data Representation Architecture (CDRA)". IBM . p. 327. Prior to 1986, ISO-8 X'9F' (APC) mapped to EBCDIC X'E1'. This control code point is a graphic code point. It was previously used as numeric space character in many EBCDIC SBCS coded character sets, and with the latest revised CECPs, the numeric space character has been replaced with DIVISION SYMBOL.
  14. 1 2 3 "Code Pages (§ Version 1 vs Version 0)" (PDF). IPDS and SCS Technical Reference. IBM. p. 375. S544-5312-07.
  15. 1 2 "Coded character set identifiers—CCSID 12325". IBM. Archived from the original on 2016-03-27. CP 1070 is CP 0037 Version 0
  16. 1 2 Code Page CPGID 01070 (txt), IBM
  17. ↑ Code Page CPGID 01070 (pdf) (PDF), IBM
  18. 1 2 Umamaheswaran, V.S. (2002-04-16). "UTF-EBCDIC". Unicode Consortium. Unicode Technical Report #16. The map preserves the invariance for a set of 82 graphic characters (including SPACE) (known as the IBM Syntactic Graphic Character set), and maintains consistency with the IBM MVS Open Systems Code page (CPGID 1047) for the variant characters from within the ASCII repertoire.
  19. ↑ "ibm-1047". International Components for Unicode. Converter Explorer. Unicode Consortium.
  20. ↑ "Code page 1047" (PDF). IBM. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-07-08. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  21. 1 2 3 4 xlate - Transliterate Contents of Records, IBM Corporation, 2010 [1986], archived from the original on 2019-06-16, retrieved 2016-10-18
  22. ↑ "x3270 Character Set". x3270 Documentation. Archived from the original on 2018-11-10.
  23. ↑ "ibm-500". International Components for Unicode. Converter Explorer. Unicode Consortium.
  24. ↑ "Code page 500" (PDF). IBM. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-07-08. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  25. ↑ "ibm-273". International Components for Unicode. Converter Explorer. Unicode Consortium.
  26. ↑ "ibm-1140". International Components for Unicode. Converter Explorer. Unicode Consortium.
  27. ↑ "Code page 1140" (PDF). IBM. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-07-08. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  28. ↑ "ibm-1140". International Components for Unicode. Converter Explorer. Unicode Consortium.
  29. ↑ "Code page 1148" (PDF). IBM. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-07-08. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
  30. ↑ "ibm-1141". International Components for Unicode. Converter Explorer. Unicode Consortium.
  31. ↑ "Code page 924" (PDF). IBM. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-07-08. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
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