| Gammapapillomavirus | |
|---|---|
Virus classification  | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Monodnaviria |
| Kingdom: | Shotokuvirae |
| Phylum: | Cossaviricota |
| Class: | Papovaviricetes |
| Order: | Zurhausenvirales |
| Family: | Papillomaviridae |
| Genus: | Gammapapillomavirus |
Gammapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae . [1] Human serve as their natural hosts. There are 27 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include warts and papillomas. [2] [3]
The following 27 species are assigned to the genus: [3]
Viruses in Gammapapillomavirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=7 symmetry. The diameter is around 60 nm. Genomes are circular, around 8kb in length. [2]
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gammapapillomavirus | Icosahedral | T=7 | Non-enveloped | Circular | Monopartite |
Viral replication is nuclear. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the dsDNA bidirectional replication model. DNA-templated transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear envelope breakdown. Human serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are contact. [2]
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gammapapillomavirus | Humans | Epithelial: mucous; epithelial: skin | Cell receptor endocytosis | Lysis | Nucleus | Nucleus | Contact |
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Avihepadnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hepadnaviridae. Birds serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinomas, and cirrhosis.
Lymphocryptovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Herpesvirales, in the family Herpesviridae, in the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae. This genus includes the human-infecting Human gammaherpesvirus 4, as well as viruses that infect both Old World monkeys and New World monkeys. Other names for the Lymphocryptovirus genus include Lymphocryptoviridae and gamma-1 herpesviruses. There are nine species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mononucleosis, Burkitt's lymphoma, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Orthohepadnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hepadnaviridae. Humans and other mammals serve as natural hosts. There are 12 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cirrhosis.
Alphapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Humans and monkeys serve as natural hosts. There are 14 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include warts, papillomas, and malignant tumours. The genital-type species known to carry a high risk for malignancy are HPV-16 and 18, and those with a low risk of malignancy are HPV-6 and 11.
Babuvirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Nanoviridae. Musa species serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: stunting, severe necrosis and early plant death. BBTV induces banana bunchy top disease (BBTD).
Betapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Human serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include warts, papillomas, and malignant tumours.
Deltapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Ruminants serve as natural hosts. There are seven species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: warts of the skin and alimentary tract ; possibly responsible for the skin tumour equine sarcoid in horses and donkeys.
Epsilonpapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Cattle serve as the natural hosts of these bovine papillomaviruses. There are two species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include fibropapillomas and true epithelial papillomas of the skin.
Etapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Birds serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Etapapillomavirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include cutaneous lesions.
Iotapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Rodents serve as natural hosts. There are two species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include cutaneous lesions and benign skin tumours, such as papillomas and keratoacanthomas.
Kappapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Rabbits serve as natural hosts. There are two species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include cutaneous and mucosal lesions.
Lambdapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Cats and dogs serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include mucosal and cutaneous lesions.
Mupapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Humans serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include palmoplantar warts.
Nupapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Humans serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Nupapillomavirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include facial warts. This virus has also been detected in some skin carcinomas and premalignant keratoses.
Omikronpapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Porpoises serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Omikronpapillomavirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include genital warts.
Pipapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Hamsters serve as natural hosts. There are two species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include cutaneous lesions.
Thetapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Birds serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Thetapapillomavirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include cutaneous lesions.
Xipapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Bovines serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include true papillomas on the cutaneous or mucosal surfaces of cattle.
Zetapapillomavirus is a genus of viruses in the family Papillomaviridae. Horses serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Zetapapillomavirus 1. Diseases associated with this genus include cutaneous lesions.