Two International Finance Centre | |
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國際金融中心2 期 | |
General information | |
Status | Completed |
Type | Commercial offices |
Location | 8 Finance Street Central, Hong Kong |
Coordinates | 22°17′6″N114°9′33″E / 22.28500°N 114.15917°E |
Construction started | 1996 2000 (Two International Finance Centre) | (International Finance Centre 1)
Completed | 1998 |
Opening | 6 July 1998 (One International Finance Centre) 18 October 2003 (Two International Finance Centre) |
Height | |
Tip | 412 m (1,351.7 ft) [1] [2] |
Roof | 407 m (1,335.3 ft) [1] |
Top floor | 387.6 m (1,271.7 ft) [1] |
Technical details | |
Floor count | 88 above ground level, 6 basement floors |
Floor area | 185,805 m2 (1,999,988 sq ft) |
Lifts/elevators | 62 |
Design and construction | |
Architect(s) | César Pelli & Association Architects [3] |
Executive Architect (Cladding) | Adamson Associates Architects |
Developer | Sun Hung Kai Properties, Henderson Land and Towngas |
Structural engineer | Ove Arup & Partners |
Main contractor | E Man-Sanfield Joint Venture |
References | |
[4] [5] [6] [7] |
International Finance Centre | |||||||||||||||
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Traditional Chinese | 國際金融中心 | ||||||||||||||
Simplified Chinese | 国际金融中心 | ||||||||||||||
Cantonese Yale | Gwokjai Gāmyùhng Jūngsām | ||||||||||||||
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The International Finance Centre (abbreviated as IFC) is a skyscraper and integrated commercial development on the waterfront of Hong Kong's Central District.
A prominent landmark on Hong Kong Island,IFC consists of two skyscrapers (1 IFC and 2 IFC),the IFC mall,and the 55-storey Four Seasons Hotel Hong Kong,respectively. 2 IFC is the second-tallest building in Hong Kong at a height of 412 m (1,351.7 ft), [2] [1] behind the International Commerce Centre in West Kowloon,and the 38th-tallest building in the world. It is the fourth-tallest building in the Greater China region and the eighth-tallest office building in the world,based on structural heights;it is of similar height to the former World Trade Center. The Airport Express Hong Kong station is directly beneath it,with subway lines to Hong Kong International Airport.
IFC was constructed and is owned by IFC Development,a consortium of Sun Hung Kai Properties,Henderson Land and Towngas. [8]
In 2003, Financial Times ,HSBC,and Cathay Pacific put up an advertisement on the facade that stretched more than 50 storeys,covering an area of 19,000 m2 (200,000 square ft) and a length of 230 m,making it the world's largest advertisement ever put on a skyscraper. [9]
Tower 1 is also known as 1IFC and branded in lowercase letters,as "One ifc". Likewise,Tower 2 is also known as 2IFC and branded as "Two ifc". [10]
1IFC opened in December 1998,towards the end of the Asian financial crisis. Tenants included ING Bank,Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp,Fidelity International,the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Authority [11] and the Financial Times. [12]
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority purchased 14 floors in 2IFC; [12] the Hong Kong Mortgage Corporation signed a 12-year lease on 24,000-square-foot (2,200 m2); [13] Nomura Group agreed to take 60,000 sq ft (5,600 m2) at 2 IFC;the Financial Times,an existing tenant at One IFC,took 10,000 sq ft (900 m2). [12] Ernst &Young took six floors (from the 11th to 18th floors),or about 180,000 square feet (16,700 m2),in 2IFC,to become the biggest tenant. [14]
2IFC,which was completed at the height of the SARS epidemic, [11] was initially available to rent at HK$25-HK$35 per square foot. [15] In 2007,as the economy has improved,high quality ("Grade A") office space is highly sought after;rents for current leases are $150 per square foot as of March 2007. [16]
One International Finance Centre was opened on 6 July 1998. It is 688 feet (210 m) tall, [17] has 39 stories and four trading floors,18 high speed passenger lifts in 4 zones,and comprises 784,000 square feet (72,800 m2). Completed in 2004,has a similar design and appearance with the “Two IFC”. The building currently accommodates approximately 5,000 people.
Two International Finance Centre,completed on 18 October 2003,is attached to the second phase of the ifc mall. This 412-metre-tall (1,351.7 ft), [2] [1] building,currently Hong Kong's second tallest,is quoted as having 88 storeys and 22 high-ceiling trading floors to qualify as being extremely auspicious in Cantonese culture. It is,however,short of the magic number,because "taboo floors" like the 14th and 24th floors are omitted as being inauspicious –in Cantonese and Mandarin Chinese,"4" is pronounced similarly to "death".
The highrise is designed to accommodate financial institutions. For example,the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is located at the 55th floor. It is equipped with advanced telecommunications,raised floors for flexible cabling management,and nearly column-free floor plans. The building expects to accommodate up to 15,000 people. It is one of relatively few buildings in the world equipped with double-deck elevators.
Floor numbers 55,56,77 and 88 were bought by the HKMA for HK$3.7 billion in 2001. [13] An exhibition area,currently containing an exhibit of Hong Kong's monetary history,and a library of the Hong Kong Monetary Authority Information Centre occupy the 55th floor,and are open to the public during office hours. [18]
Despite common practice for owners to allow naming buildings after its important tenants,the owners decided not to allow renaming of the building. [19]
Current office tenants include Banco Santander,Baring Private Equity Asia,BGC Partners,Blackstone Group,BNP Paribas,China Universal Asset Management,Citadel,Coatue Management,DST Advisors,E Fund Management,Hillhouse Capital,Hony Capital,Investec Asset Management,Jefferies,Lazard,Lexington Partners,Millennium Management,Nomura,Sidley Austin LLP,Silver Lake,State Street Bank &Trust Company,UBS and Warburg Pincus. [20]
The Four Seasons Hotel is a luxury hotel that was built near IFC One and Two. It was completed and opened in October 2005. The 206 m (674 ft),60-storey oceanfront hotel is the only Four Seasons Hotel in Hong Kong. The hotel has 399 guest suites,and 519 serviced apartments. Amenities include a French restaurant Caprice and spa. [21]
The IFC Mall is an 74,000 square metres (800,000 sq ft),4-storey luxury shopping mall,with many luxury retail brands and a wide variety of restaurants. Anchored by Lane Crawford,PALACE Cinema (part of Broadway Circuit),and C!ty'super,the first official Apple Store was also located in this mall (a 3-storey flagship store in Hong Kong). In May 2018,the first Shake Shack restaurant in Hong Kong was opened in the mall. [22]
The IFC towers have been featured in several Hollywood films,including Lara Croft:Tomb Raider –The Cradle of Life ,where Lara Croft leaps off the then-under-construction 2 International Finance Centre,landing on a ship out in the Kowloon Bay, The Dark Knight ,where Batman leapt from 2 IFC to 1 IFC,and Godzilla vs Kong,where an action scene then takes place. [23]
The Bank of China Tower is a skyscraper located in Central, Hong Kong. Located at 1 Garden Road on Hong Kong Island, the tower houses the headquarters of the Bank of China Limited. One of the most recognisable landmarks in Hong Kong, the building is notable for its distinct shape and design, consisting of triangular frameworks covered by glass curtain walls.
Central Plaza is a 78-storey, 374 m (1,227 ft) skyscraper at 18 Harbour Road, in Wan Chai on Hong Kong Island in Hong Kong. Completed in August 1992, it is the third tallest tower in the city after 2 International Finance Centre in Central and the International Commerce Centre in West Kowloon. It was the tallest building in Asia from 1992 to 1996, until the Shun Hing Square was built in Shenzhen, a neighbouring city. Central Plaza surpassed the Bank of China Tower as the tallest building in Hong Kong until the completion of 2 IFC.
The Jin Mao Tower, also known as the Jinmao Building or Jinmao Tower, is a 420.5-meter-tall (1,380 ft), 88-story landmark skyscraper in Lujiazui, Pudong, Shanghai, China. It contains a shopping mall, offices and the Grand Hyatt Shanghai hotel which starts from the 53rd floor, which at the time of completion was the highest hotel in the world. Along with the Oriental Pearl Tower, the Shanghai World Financial Center and the Shanghai Tower it is part of the Lujiazui skyline seen from the Bund. It was the tallest building in China from its completion in 1999 until 2007, when it was surpassed by the Shanghai World Financial Center which is located close by. The Shanghai Tower, a 128-story building located next to these two buildings, surpassed the height of both these buildings in 2015, creating the world's first trio of adjacent supertall skyscrapers.
The Shanghai World Financial Center is a supertall skyscraper located in the Pudong district of Shanghai. It was designed by Kohn Pedersen Fox and developed by the Mori Building Company, with Leslie E. Robertson Associates as its structural engineer and China State Construction Engineering Corp and Shanghai Construction (Group) General Co. as its main contractor. It is a mixed-use skyscraper, consisting of offices, hotels, conference rooms, observation decks, ground-floor shopping malls. Park Hyatt Shanghai is the tower's hotel component, comprising 174 rooms and suites occupying the 79th to the 93rd floors, which at the time of completion was the highest hotel in the world. It is now the third-highest hotel in the world after the Ritz-Carlton, Hong Kong, which occupies floors 102 to 118 of the International Commerce Centre.
The International Commerce Centre is a 108-story, 484 m (1,588 ft) supertall skyscraper in West Kowloon, Hong Kong, resting atop the Elements mall and near two MTR Stations. It is the world's 13th tallest building by height, 10th tallest by number of floors, and Hong Kong's tallest, as well as the only building in the city with over 100 storeys. The official height is 484 m (1,588 ft), which includes the 6 m (20 ft) tall parapets on the roof. It was the world's 4th tallest building and 3rd in Asia when completed in 2010.
Exchange Square is a building complex located in Central, Hong Kong. It houses offices and the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. It is served by the Central and Hong Kong stations of the MTR metro system.
Sun Hung Kai Properties Limited (SHKP) is a listed corporation and one of the largest property developers in Hong Kong. The company's businesses include property sales, property rental, telecommunications, hotel operation, transport and logistics, and others. The company is controlled by the Kwok family trust, largely the Kwok brothers.
Cheung Kong Center is a skyscraper in Central, Hong Kong designed by Cesar Pelli. The 70-storey structure is 283 m (928 ft) tall with a gross floor area of 1,260,000-square-foot (117,100 m2). When completed in 1999, it was the fourth-tallest building in the city after the Central Plaza, Bank of China Tower and The Center. The Cheung Kong Center sits on the combined sites of the former Hong Kong Hilton, which was demolished in 1995/6, and Beaconsfield House, sold by the Government in 1996. It stands between the HSBC Hong Kong headquarters building and the Bank of China Tower.
Jardine House, formerly known as Connaught Centre (康樂大廈), is an office tower in Hong Kong. The building is located at 1 Connaught Place, Central on Hong Kong Island. It is owned by Hongkong Land Limited, a subsidiary of Jardines. At the time of its completion in 1973, Jardine House was the tallest building in Hong Kong and in Asia. In 1980, the Hopewell Centre usurped the title of the tallest building in Hong Kong. The building is interconnected by the Central Elevated Walkway with buildings of Hongkong Land Limited like Exchange Square and the International Finance Centre.
Times Square is a luxury shopping centre and office tower complex in Causeway Bay, Hong Kong. The complex, owned by Wharf Properties, part of The Wharf (Holdings) Limited group, opened on 13 April 1994.
Langham Place is a commercial complex and shopping centre in Mong Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong. The official opening was on 25 January 2005. The complex occupies two blocks defined by Argyle Street, Portland Street, Shantung Street and Reclamation Street. Shanghai Street separates the two portions of the complex, which are connected via two overhead walkways. A hotel is on one side of the development while the commercial elements are located on the other side.
The Union Square is a mixed-use commercial and residential real estate project in Hong Kong, located on the West Kowloon reclamation in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon. The area covers 13.54 hectares, while the site has a gross floor area of 1,090,026 square metres (11,732,940 sq ft), approximately the size of the Canary Wharf development in London. The complex contained some of the tallest buildings in Hong Kong, which includes the tallest commercial building in Hong Kong, the 118-storey International Commerce Centre and the loftiest residential tower in Hong Kong, The Cullinan, which rises 270-metre (890 ft) high.
KK100, formerly known as Kingkey 100 and Kingkey Finance Tower, is a 100-story, 442 m (1,450 ft) supertall skyscraper in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
The International Commerce Centre is a 103-storey, 454 m supertall skyscraper in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. On top of the shopping mall, Elements, near West Kowloon Cultural District, and the south side of ICC faces Victoria Harbour, directly opposite Hong Kong's 2nd tallest building, Two ifc.
The Masterpiece is a 64-floor, 261 metre (856 ft) tall skyscraper in Tsim Sha Tsui, Hong Kong. It houses the six-storey K11 shopping centre in the lower levels and basement. The 381-room Hyatt Regency hotel, located from Level 3 to 24, opened in October 2009. 345 luxury residential apartments occupy the 27th to 67th floors with penthouse apartment units located on the top floors of the building.
Hysan Place is a shopping centre and office building at 500 Hennessy Road, Lee Garden, Causeway Bay, Hong Kong. It was developed by Hysan Development Company Limited at the former site of Hennessy Centre and was designed by international architecture firm Kohn Pedersen Fox. It was opened on 10 August 2012.
Shanghai International Finance Center, usually abbreviated as Shanghai IFC, is a commercial building complex and a shopping center located at 8 Century Avenue, Lujiazui, Pudong, Shanghai, China. It incorporates two tower blocks at 249.9 metres (820 ft) and 259.9 metres (853 ft) housing offices and a hotel, and an 85-metre (279 ft) tall multi-storey building behind and between the two towers.
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