According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 434 square miles (1,120km2), of which 431 square miles (1,120km2) is land and 3.8 square miles (9.8km2) (0.9%) is water.[6]
The 2020 census recorded a population of 8,634 in the county, with a population density of 19.9660/sqmi (7.7089/km2). 96.75% of the population reported being of one race. 92.76% were non-Hispanic White, 0.27% were Black, 2.29% were Hispanic, 0.08% were Native American, 0.34% were Asian, 0.00% were Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander and 4.26% were some other race or more than one race. There were 4,058 housing units, of which 3,608 were occupied.[2]
2010 census
The 2010 census recorded a population of 8,898 in the county, with a population density of 20.6666/sqmi (7.9794/km2). There were 4,238 housing units, of which 3,689 were occupied.[13]
2000 census
As of the census[14] of 2000, there were 9,422 people, 3,811 households, and 2,560 families residing in the county. The population density was 22 peopleper square mile (8.5 people/km2). There were 4,239 housing units at an average density of 10 unitsper square mile (3.9 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 98.44% White, 0.13% Black or African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.37% from other races, and 0.65% from two or more races. 0.87% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 3,811 households, out of which 28.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.70% were married couples living together, 7.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.80% were non-families. 28.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.60% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.98.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.40% under the age of 18, 7.30% from 18 to 24, 24.60% from 25 to 44, 23.40% from 45 to 64, and 19.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 94.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.10 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $30,876, and the median income for a family was $38,352. Males had a median income of $31,243 versus $21,293 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,341. About 8.40% of families and 13.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.10% of those under age 18 and 9.60% of those age 65 or over.
Franklin D. Mitchell. Locale and Universe: The Shared Story of the Heartland's Lucas County, Iowa, and the American Nation, 1846-2012 (Self-published, 2016). 480 pp online review
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United States
Iowa 
