Teseptimavirus

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Teseptimavirus
Phage t7.png
Escherichia virus T7
Virus classification Red Pencil Icon.png
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Duplodnaviria
Kingdom: Heunggongvirae
Phylum: Uroviricota
Class: Caudoviricetes
Order: Caudovirales
Family: Autographiviridae
Subfamily: Studiervirinae
Genus:Teseptimavirus

Teseptimavirus (synonyms T7 phage group, T7-like phages, T7-like viruses, T7likevirus) is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales , in the family Autographiviridae , in the subfamily Studiervirinae . Bacteria serve as the natural host, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion. There are currently 17 species in this genus, including the type species Escherichia virus T7 . [1] [2] [3]

Contents

Taxonomy

The following species are recognized: [2]

Structure

Sp6likeviruses are nonenveloped, with a head and tail. The head has icosahedral symmetry (T=7) approximately 60 nm in diameter. The tail is non-contractile and has six short subterminal fibers. [1]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
TeseptimavirusHead-TailT=7Non-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Genome

Genomes are linear, around 40-42kb in length. [1] All three viruses' genomes have been fully sequenced and are available on NCBI's website. They range between 37k and 40k nucleotides, with 42 to 60 proteins. All three complete genomes, as well as several additional "unclassified" virus genomes, are available here [3]

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The virus attaches to the host cell adhesion receptors using its tail fibers, and ejects the viral DNA into the host periplasm via short tail system. Class I genes are transcribed by the host cell's RNA polymerase before the viral genome completely exits the capsid. Class II genes are then transcribed by T7 RNA polymerase and the host genome is degraded. Genomic DNA is replicated by T7 DNA polymerase and concatemers are formed before Class III genes are transcribed. Finally, the procapsid is assembled and packed, the tail is assembled and the mature virions are released via lysis. Bacteria serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are passive diffusion. [1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
TeseptimavirusBacteriaNoneInjectionLysisCytoplasmCytoplasmPassive diffusion

History

According to ICTV's second report in 1976, the genus T7likevirus was first accepted under the name T7 phage group, unassigned to an order, family, or sub-family. In ICTV's third report in 1981, the genus was classified into the family Poloviridae . T7 phage group was renamed to T7-like phages in the sixth report in 1995. In 1998, the whole family was moved into the newly created order Caudovirales , and the genus was renamed again in the seventh report in 1999 to T7-like viruses. 2009 saw the genus moved into the newly created subfamily Autographivirinae, and it was renamed again in 2012 to T7likevirus. [2] The genus was later renamed to Teseptimavirus under the newly established family Autographiviridae and subfamily Studiervirinae .

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<i>Podoviridae</i> Family of viruses

Podoviridae is a family of bacteriophage in the order Caudovirales often associated with T-7 like phages. There are 130 species in this family, assigned to 3 subfamilies and 52 genera. This family is characterized by having very short, noncontractile tails. Podoviradae are largely understudied and most new isolates are of the phicbkviruses genus, a group of giant viruses that appear to be Caulobacter specific.

<i>Autographiviridae</i> Subfamily of viruses

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Uetakevirus is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Podoviridae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. These phages are temperate and infect Salmonella and Escherichia coli.

Peduovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Myoviridae, in the subfamily Peduovirinae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion. There are 15 species in this genus.

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Bixzunavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Myoviridae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts, with transmission achieved through passive diffusion. There are eight species in this genus.

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Salasvirus is a genus of viruses in the order Caudovirales, in the family Salasmaviridae, in the subfamily Picovirinae. Bacteria serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus.

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Escherichia virus CC31, formerly known as Enterobacter virus CC31, is a dsDNA bacteriophage of the subfamily Tevenvirinae responsible for infecting the bacteria family of Enterobacteriaceae. It is one of two discovered viruses of the genus Karamvirus, diverging away from the previously discovered T4virus, as a clonal complex (CC). CC31 was first isolated from Escherichia coli B strain S/6/4 and is primarily associated with Escherichia, even though is named after Enterobacter.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 17 February 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 4 May 2020.
  3. 1 2 NCBI. "T7linkevirus Complete Genomes" . Retrieved 17 February 2015.

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