Watkins Woolen Mill State Park and State Historic Site

Last updated

Watkins Mill State Park and Watkins Woolen Mill State Historic Site
Watkins Mill, County Highway MM, Lawson vicinity (Clay County, Missouri) crop1.jpg
Watkins Mill
USA Missouri relief location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location in Missouri
Usa edcp relief location map.png
Red pog.svg
Watkins Woolen Mill State Park and State Historic Site (the United States)
Location Clay County, Missouri, United States
Coordinates 39°23′52″N94°15′38″W / 39.39778°N 94.26056°W / 39.39778; -94.26056 [1]
Area1,500.22 acres (607.12 ha) [2]
Elevation896 ft (273 m) [1]
Established1964 [3]
Administered by Missouri Department of Natural Resources
Visitors307,136(in 2023) [2]
Website Official website OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
Watkins Mill
Octagonal Scoolhouse Watkins Mill Lawson Missouri January 1975.JPG
The Octagonal Schoolhouse at Watkins Mill
Nearest city Excelsior Springs, Missouri
Area560 acres (230 ha)
Built1860 (1860)
ArchitectWaltus Watkins
NRHP reference No. 66000416
Significant dates
Added to NRHPNovember 13, 1966 [4]
Designated NHLNovember 13, 1966 [5]
Designated NHLDSeptember 28, 1983 [6]

Watkins Mill is a preserved woolen mill dating to the mid-19th century, located near Lawson, Missouri, United States. The mill is protected as Watkins Woolen Mill State Historic Site, which preserve its machinery and business records in addition to the building itself. It was designated a National Historic Landmark and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1966 in recognition for its remarkable state of preservation. [4] The historic site is the centerpiece of Watkins Mill State Park, which is managed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. [7]

Contents

History

Waltus L. Watkins established the 80-acre livestock farm he called Bethany Plantation in 1839. [8] Watkins Mill was built in 1859-1860. Watkins built housing for the mill workers nearby, creating one of the first planned communities in North America. The community was effectively self-sufficient, the mill producing yarn and wool cloth. The mill operated at capacity until 1886, two years after Watkins' death. From 1886 to the turn of the twentieth century production declined. Nearly all of the mill machinery has been preserved, including a 65-horsepower steam engine that powered the factory. [6]

The site also includes the Watkins house, dating to 1850. The twelve-room, 2½-story house includes three staircases, the main stair detailed in carved walnut. It remained a Watkins family home until 1945. [6]

The Franklin School, or Octagonal School, is an octagonal schoolhouse built in 1856 and used by the Watkins family and their employees until the mid-1870s, when it became a residence for mill workers. The unusual octagonal building was built of locally manufactured brick on Watkins land. [6]

The Watkins family also donated the land for Mt. Vernon Baptist Church, built in 1871 to replace a log church dating to the 1850s. Of the $5000 construction cost, more than half was donated by Watkins. [6]

After going through several changes in ownership, the state of Missouri took possession of the property, creating a 1,442-acre (584 ha) state park in 1964. [8] It was named a National Mechanical Engineering Historic Landmark in 1980. [9]

Activities and amenities

The state parks offers camping, a 100-acre (40 ha) lake for fishing and swimming, a 3.8-mile (6.1 km) asphalt bicycling and walking trail that follows the shoreline of the lake, and a separate 3.5-mile (5.6 km) equestrian trail. [7]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wye Oak</span> Largest known white oak in the United States

The Wye Oak was the largest white oak tree in the United States and the State Tree of Maryland from 1941 until its demise in 2002. Wye Oak State Park preserves the site where the revered tree stood for more than 400 years in the town of Wye Mills, Talbot County, Maryland.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Meramec State Park</span> State park in Missouri, United States

Meramec State Park is a public recreation area located near Sullivan, Missouri, about 60 miles from St. Louis, along the Meramec River. The park has diverse ecosystems such as hardwood forests and glades. There are over 40 caves located throughout the park, the bedrock is dolomite. The most famous is Fisher Cave, located near the campgrounds. The park borders the Meramec Conservation Area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Montauk State Park</span> State park in Missouri, United States

Montauk State Park is a public recreation area occupying nearly 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) at the headwaters of the Current River, fifteen miles (24 km) southwest of Salem, Missouri. The state park contains a fish hatchery and is noted for its rainbow and brown trout angling. It was acquired in 1926. The park has several natural springs including Montauk Springs with a daily average flow of 53 million gallons of water.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Washington State Park</span> State park in Missouri, United States

Washington State Park is a public recreation area covering 2,157 acres (873 ha) in Washington County in the central eastern part of the state of Missouri. It is located on Highway 21 about 14 miles (23 km) northeast of Potosi or 7 miles (11 km) southwest of De Soto on the eastern edge of the Ozarks. The state park is noted for its Native American rock carvings and for its finely crafted stonework from the 1930s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Battle of Carthage State Historic Site</span> Historic battlefield in Missouri, United States

The Battle of Carthage State Historic Site is a state-owned property located in the city of Carthage, Missouri. The 7.4-acre (3.0 ha) site preserves one of the skirmish sites of the Battle of Carthage which took place in 1861 as one of the first battles of the American Civil War. The site was acquired by the state in 1990 and is managed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Hart Benton Home and Studio State Historic Site</span> Historic home in Kansas City, Missouri

The Thomas Hart Benton Home and Studio State Historic Site is a state-owned property located at 3616 Belleview, Kansas City, Missouri, that preserves the house and studio of Missouri artist Thomas Hart Benton. The historic site was established in 1977 and is managed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. Tours are provided that show the furnished house and studio as Benton left it when he died on January 19, 1975. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bollinger Mill State Historic Site</span> Historic site in Missouri, United States

The Bollinger Mill State Historic Site is a state-owned property preserving a mill and covered bridge that pre-date the American Civil War in Burfordville, Cape Girardeau County, Missouri. The park was established in 1967 and offers mill tours and picnicking. It is managed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. It includes the Burfordville Covered Bridge, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Joe State Park</span> State park in Missouri, United States

St. Joe State Park is a public recreation area consisting of 8,243 acres (3,336 ha) on the south side of Park Hills, Missouri, along the flanks of the Saint Francois Mountains. The state park includes the Missouri Mines State Historic Site with its former St. Joe Minerals mill buildings and museum of geology and mining. The park features a 2,000-acre (810 ha) off-road vehicle (ORV) riding area located on the old lead mine tailings dumps, camping facilities, and trails for hiking, bicycling, and horseback riding.

Octagonal Schoolhouse, Octagonal School or Octagon School, etc., may refer to:

Van Meter State Park is a public recreation area on the Missouri River in Saline County, Missouri. The state park consists of 1,105 acres (447 ha) of hills, ravines, fresh water marsh, fens, and bottomland and upland forests in an area known as The Pinnacles The park has several archaeological sites, a cultural center, and facilities for camping, hiking, and fishing. It is managed by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dillard Mill State Historic Site</span> Historic site in Missouri, United States

The Dillard Mill State Historic Site is a privately owned, state-administered property on Huzzah Creek in Crawford County, Missouri, that preserves a water-powered gristmill. The 132-acre (53 ha) site has been operated as a state historic site by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources under a lease agreement with the L-A-D Foundation since 1975. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gen. John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site</span> Historic house in Missouri, United States

Gen. John J. Pershing Boyhood Home State Historic Site in Laclede, Missouri, is maintained by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources as a state historic site. General John Joseph "Jack" Pershing led the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I and attained the rank of General of the Armies. Pershing was born on a farm outside Laclede, but lived in the home from age six to adulthood. The historic site preserves and interprets the boyhood home and the one-room Prairie Mound School at which he taught for a year before attending West Point Military Academy. The home has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1969, and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1976.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Osage Village State Historic Site</span> Archeological site in the U.S. state of Missouri

The Osage Village State Historic Site is a publicly owned property in Vernon County, Missouri, maintained by the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. The historic site preserves the archaeological site of a major Osage village, that once had some 200 lodges housing 2,000 to 3,000 people. The site, designated by the Smithsonian trinomial 23VE01, was also known for many years as the Carrington Osage Village Site, under which name it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roaring River State Park</span> State park in Missouri, United States

Roaring River State Park is a public recreation area covering of 4,294 acres (1,738 ha) eight miles (13 km) south of Cassville in Barry County, Missouri. The state park offers trout fishing on the Roaring River, hiking on seven different trails, and the seasonally open Ozark Chinquapin Nature Center.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rock Bridge Memorial State Park</span> State park in Missouri, United States

Rock Bridge Memorial State Park is a geological preserve and public recreation area encompassing 2,273 acres (920 ha), five miles (8.0 km) south of Columbia in Boone County, Missouri off of Missouri Route 163. The state park is home to 12 caves and is noted for its excellent examples of karst landforms including the rock bridge, sinkholes, and an underground stream at the cave known as Devil's Icebox. The rock bridge was created by the collapse of a section of a cave which resulted in a small arch of rock being left to form a natural bridge over the creek. The park is the only known home of Kenkia glandulosa, a flatworm commonly known as the pink planarian.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Minterburn Mill</span> United States historic place

Minterburn Mill is a former textile mill complex located at 215 East Main Street, in the Rockville village of Vernon, Connecticut. Developed beginning in 1834, it was the first place in Rockville to be developed industrially, and the surviving buildings provide a view of evolutionary changes in mill architecture. The mill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It was converted into an apartment complex in 2016 by the state.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elgin Schoolhouse State Historic Site</span> Historic one-room schoolhouse in Nevada

Elgin Schoolhouse State Historic Site is a state park property in the ghost town of Elgin, Nevada, United States, preserving a historic one-room schoolhouse that operated from 1922 to 1967.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yount's Woolen Mill and Boarding House</span> United States historic place

Yount's Woolen Mill and Boarding House is a historic woolen mill and boarding house located in Ripley Township, Montgomery County, Indiana. The boarding house was built in 1851, and is a two-story, L-shaped, Late Federal style brick building. It has a gable-on-hip roof and two-story porch on the rear side. The mill was built in 1864, and is a 2+12-story brick building on a raised basement with Greek Revival style design elements. Also on the property are the remains of an 1849 frame mill, an 1867 brick building, dam and mill race. The Yount Mill was contracted by the U.S. Government to manufacture Army uniforms during both the American Civil War and Spanish–American War.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Franklin Corners, New Jersey</span> Populated place in Somerset County, New Jersey, US

Franklin Corners is an unincorporated community located along the Passaic River at the intersection of County Route 613 and U.S. Route 202 in Bernards Township of Somerset County, New Jersey. In the 19th century, it had a grist mill, saw mill, general store, school, and several houses. The Franklin Corners Historic District, featuring Van Dorn's Mill, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

References

  1. 1 2 "Watkins Mill Lake". Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. 1 2 "Data Sheet: Watkins Mill State Park and Watkins Woolen Mill State Historic Site" (PDF). Missouri Department of Natural Resources. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  3. "State Park Land Acquisition Summary". Missouri State Parks. August 25, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  4. 1 2 "History". Watkins Mill Association. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  5. "List of NHLs by State: Missouri". National Park Service. January 8, 2025. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 Lissandrello, Stephen (April 2, 1976). "Watkins Mill". National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form. National Park Service. Retrieved June 1, 2009. and accompanying photos.
  7. 1 2 "Watkins Mill State Park". Missouri Department of Natural Resources. December 10, 2010. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
  8. 1 2 "Watkins Mill State Park: Preamble for the Conceptual Development Plan". Missouri Department of Natural Resources. Archived from the original on June 6, 2012. Retrieved October 1, 2014.
  9. "Watkins Woolen Mill State Historic Site: History". Missouri Department of Natural Resources. February 9, 2011. Retrieved August 13, 2015.