Wiggins Airways

Last updated
Wiggins Airways
Wiggins Air Logo.jpg
IATA ICAO Call sign
WGWIGWIGGINS AIRWAYS
Founded2 December 1930 incorporated
as E.W. Wiggins Airways
Hubs Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (MHT)
Fleet size15
Parent company Ameriflight (2014-2024)
Headquarters Leominster, Massachusetts
Norwood, Massachusetts
Manchester, New Hampshire
Key peopleElmer W. Wiggins
Paul Halter
Website wiggins-air.com
Cessna 208 flown by Wiggins for FedEx at Portland, Maine in 2005 WIGGINS208PWM.jpg
Cessna 208 flown by Wiggins for FedEx at Portland, Maine in 2005

Wiggins Airways is a long-lived American aviation company that pursued many lines of business during its existence, including:

Contents

History

Startup

The business was incorporated in Massachusetts on 2 December 1930 as E.W. Wiggins Airways, Inc. by president Elmer W. Wiggins, with its principal office in Leominster. The proposed business of the corporation was a many-hundred word comprehensive description of apparently every type of aviation-related business, covering everything from gliders to helicopters (a dozen years before the first mass-produced helicopter) to dirigibles and rocketships, including manufacturing, leasing, operating, financing, fueling, sales and more. [1] Starting in the 1930s, Wiggins was a fixed base operator, including pilot instruction. During World War II it built aircraft parts and trained pilots for the military. [2] By 1944, the company had moved to Norwood. [3]

Scheduled passenger airline

Wiggins Airways final route network from the 1952 CAB case that denied its certificate extension Wiggins Airways final route network.png
Wiggins Airways final route network from the 1952 CAB case that denied its certificate extension

In June 1946, the CAB certificated Wiggins as a local service carrier to fly several passenger routes between Boston and Albany. Founder Elmer Wiggins died just prior to the public hearings for the CAB case that produced the certification. [2] The company wanted to use Douglas DC-3s for the routes, but was frustrated by lack of adequate airports. In 1949, the CAB said it would accept the use of smaller aircraft. After Wiggins experimented with several types, it was found that the four-passenger Cessna T-50 was able to safely operate into the rudimentary airports available and climb fast enough to scale mountainous territory. While a twin-engine aircraft, it was of wood and fabric construction, unattractive to passengers. [4]

See External links for a link to a photo of Wiggins Airways aircraft of this era.

Scheduled service finally started on 19 September 1949. [5] The basic problem for Wiggins was that few flew the carrier. Even after the airline had been further developed, in 1951 and 1952, an average of fewer than 10 people boarded Wiggins per day, across the whole system. Since passenger revenue was extremely low, the postal subsidy (by which all local service carriers were then supported) was unacceptably high per pound of mail. This was the same basic problem that the CAB had faced previously with both Florida Airways in 1949 and Mid-West Airlines in 1952, and had the same result. In a decision reached in October 1952, the CAB said it would not renew the Wiggins certification. In the same decision, it allowed that there was intrinsic demand from Albany to Boston, just not the way Wiggins was flying, and handed a route between the two to Mohawk Airlines. As with the 1952 decision to not extend Mid-West's certification, the five members of the Board split 3–2, with the same minority members with the same dissenting opinion: Wiggins deserved a shot at flying DC-3s and could be expected eventually to do well with them. [4]

Wiggins and the states of New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont plus several New England cities asked for reconsideration, but in July 1953 the Board affirmed its decision. [6] Wiggins flew its last scheduled flight on July 31, 1953. [7] Wiggins was the last of three local service carriers (of the 19 that initiated CAB-certificated service) to have the CAB refuse to renew their certificates. [8] However, unlike Florida Airways and Mid-West, Wiggins did not liquidate as a result, having other healthy lines of business. [7]

New Hampshire

Wiggins was drawn to New Hampshire by flying feeder cargo aircraft for Federal Express and UPS Airlines. This started in the 1980s and by 1990 Wiggins had contracts at Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (MHT) with both UPS and Federal Express. [9] (The same year, the airline officially changed its name to Wiggins Airways, Inc.) [10] This led the airline to buy Stead Aviation, an MHT fixed base operator, in 1997, with the intention of moving the airline to Manchester. [11] Wiggins built a new headquarters, general aviation terminal and hangar, opening the complex in 1999. [12] Wiggins opened a new aviation fuel farm at MHT in 2004. [13] In the same year, the company finally reincorporated in New Hampshire. [14]

Wiggins Airways was bought out by its employees in the creation of an Employee Share Ownership Plan in 1985. Wiggins currently employs over 160 people.

Ameriflight era

In December 2014, Ameriflight acquired Wiggins Airways (at the time comprising 48 aircraft and 100 employees), which resulted in Ameriflight becoming the largest regional air cargo carrier in the world, with 218 aircraft. [15] [16] Ameriflight elected not to continue to operate Wiggins' FBO and airline service departments, selling those departments to Signature Flight Support. [17]

While Signature Flight Support operates fueling and deicing services to aircraft flying into Manchester Boston Regional Airport, Wiggins Airways does maintenance on their fleet, as well as servicing the airlines that serve the airport and general aviation aircraft.

On June 1, 2024, Ameriflight announced it would transition Wiggins to becoming simply an operating base of Ameriflight. [18]

Fleet

1987-88 World Airline Fleets (copyright 1987) lists the E.W. Wiggins Airways dba Wiggins Airways with a fleet as follows, the Cessna Caravan noted as being flown for Federal Express: [19]

As of 3 June 2024, the Federal Aviation Administration lists Wiggins as flying 12 Beechcraft 99s and three Cessna Caravans under Part 135 of the Federal Aviation Regulations, the Caravans with Fedex registrations. [20]

Routes

The route map from Wiggins time as a scheduled airline in 1949–1953 is shown above.

Routes operated by Wiggins Airways (UPS)[ citation needed ]
OriginDestinationReturns to origin after unload?
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Bangor International Airport (KBGR) (Bangor, ME)Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Burlington International Airport (KBTV) (Burlington, VT)Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Edward F. Knapp State Airport (KMPV) (Montpelier, VT)Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Auburn/Lewiston Municipal Airport (KLEW) (Auburn, ME)Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Knox County Regional Airport (KRKD) (Rockland, ME)Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Portland International Jetport (KPWM) (Portland, ME Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Rutland Southern Vermont Regional Airport (KRUT) (Rutland, VT)Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Presque Isle International Airport (KPQI) (Presque Isle, ME)Yes
Manchester-Boston Regional Airport (KMHT) (Manchester, NH) Waterville Robert LaFleur Airport (KWVL) (Waterville, ME)Yes
Cape Cod Gateway Airport (KHYA) (Hyannis, MA) Nantucket Memorial Airport (KACK (Nantucket, MA)Yes

Incidents and Accidents

Related Research Articles

World Airways, Inc. was an American airline headquartered in Peachtree City, Georgia in Greater Atlanta. The company operated mostly non-scheduled services but did fly scheduled passenger services as well, notably with McDonnell Douglas DC-10 wide body jetliners. World Airways ceased all operations on March 27, 2014.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Saturn Airways</span> US charter airline 1948–1976 bought by Trans International

Saturn Airways was a US supplemental air carrier, certificated as such by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now-defunct Federal agency that, at the time, tightly regulated almost all US air transport. Saturn operated from 1948 until 1976. Originally a Florida company, Saturn moved to Oakland, California in 1967 where its headquarters were located on the grounds of Oakland International Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patrick Leahy Burlington International Airport</span> Public airport in Burlington, Vermont, United States

Patrick Leahy Burlington International Airport is a joint-use civil-military airport serving Burlington, Vermont's most populous city, and its metropolitan area. Owned by the City of Burlington, the airport itself is located in neighboring South Burlington, just three nautical miles (6 km) east of Burlington's central business district.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cape Cod Gateway Airport</span> Public airport in Hyannis, Massachusetts, United States

Cape Cod Gateway Airport, also known as Boardman/Polando Field and formerly known as Barnstable Municipal Airport, is a public airport located on Cape Cod, one mile (1.6 km) north of the central business district of Hyannis, in Barnstable County, Massachusetts, United States. This airport is publicly owned by the Town of Barnstable. It is Cape Cod's major airport as well as an air hub for the Cape and the Islands. The airport is served by scheduled commercial flights as well as charters and general aviation. Barnstable Municipal Airport served as a hub for Nantucket-based commuter airline Island Airlines until its shutdown in 2015.

Ameriflight LLC is an American cargo airline with headquarters at the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. It is the largest United States FAA Part 135 cargo carrier, operating scheduled and contract cargo services from 19 bases to destinations in 250 cities across 43 US states as well as in Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America. Ameriflight serves major financial institutions, freight forwarders, laboratories, and overnight couriers in the US, and provides feeder services for overnight express carriers nationwide and internationally. Ameriflight averages 525 daily departures with over 100,000 combined flight hours annually and a 99.5% on-time performance. Ameriflight employs over 700 people.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nantucket Memorial Airport</span> Airport serving Nantucket, Massachusetts, United States

Nantucket Memorial Airport is a public airport on the south side of the island of Nantucket, Massachusetts, United States. It is owned by the Town of Nantucket and is located three miles (5 km) southeast of the town center. It is the second-busiest airport in the state, after Logan International Airport, due to intense corporate travel to and from the island in the high season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Beechcraft Model 99</span> Airplane

The Beechcraft Model 99 is a civilian aircraft produced by Beechcraft. It is also known as the Beech 99 Airliner and the Commuter 99. The 99 is a twin-engine, unpressurized, 15 to 17 passenger seat turboprop aircraft, derived from the earlier Beechcraft King Air and Queen Air. It uses the wings of the Queen Air, the engines and nacelles of the King Air, and sub-systems from both, with a specifically designed nose structure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rich International Airways</span> US charter cargo & passenger airline (1970–96)

Rich International Airways was primarily a United States charter and cargo airline founded by aviation pioneer Jean Rich, one of the few women in the U.S. to own and operate an airline. The air carrier was based in Miami, Florida. The airline ceased operations in 1996 and filed for bankruptcy in 1997.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Northeast Airlines</span> Defunct airline of the United States (1933–1972)

Northeast Airlines was an American trunk carrier, a scheduled airline based in Boston, Massachusetts, originally founded as Boston-Maine Airways that chiefly operated in the northeastern United States, and later to Canada, Florida, the Bahamas, Bermuda and other cities. It was notably small and unprofitable relative to other trunk carriers, being less than half the size, by revenue, than the next biggest trunk in 1971. Northeast was acquired by and merged into Delta Air Lines in August 1972.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Manchester–Boston Regional Airport</span> Public airport in Manchester and Londonderry, New Hampshire, United States

Manchester–Boston Regional Airport, informally referred to as Manchester Airport, is a public use airport 3 miles (5 km) south of the central business district of Manchester, New Hampshire, United States on the border of Hillsborough and Rockingham counties. It is owned by the City of Manchester, and is in the southern part of the city on the border with Londonderry, New Hampshire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">PenAir</span> U.S.-based regional airline

Peninsula Airways, operated as PenAir, was a U.S.-based regional airline headquartered in Anchorage, Alaska. It was Alaska's second-largest commuter airline operating scheduled passenger service, as well as charter and medevac services throughout the state. Its main base was Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport. PenAir had a code sharing agreement in place with Alaska Airlines with its flights operated in the state of Alaska.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Air New England (1970–1981)</span> Former US regional airline (1970–1981)

Air New England (ANE) was a US regional airline in New England during the 1970s and early 1980s. It was headquartered at Logan International Airport in the East Boston area of Boston, Massachusetts. ANE was noneconomic for most of its existence. From 1975 through its last year, 1981, ANE depended heavily on government subsidies. Depending on the year, these accounted for 17 to 25% of operating revenues, despite which the airline was generally unprofitable. ANE collapsed in the early years of US airline deregulation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trans Caribbean Airways</span> Small US airline flying to the Caribbean 1945–1971

Trans Caribbean Airways (TCA) was an irregular air carrier until 1957, when it was certificated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) as an international air carrier to fly from New York City to San Juan, Puerto Rico. TCA thereafter operated as a small scheduled airline specializing in flying from New York to the Caribbean, adding a small number of additional routes over time until it was purchased by American Airlines in 1971.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dillant–Hopkins Airport</span> Airport in Swanzey, New Hampshire

Dillant–Hopkins Airport is a general aviation airport located 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the central business district (CBD) of Keene, in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. It covers 888 acres (359 ha) and has two runways. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021, in which it is categorized as a regional general aviation facility.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Local service carrier</span> Airline type created/regulated by US govt 1943–1978

Local service carriers, or local service airlines, originally known as feeder carriers or feeder airlines, were a category of US domestic airline created/regulated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now-defunct federal agency that tightly regulated the US airline industry 1938–1978. Initially 23 such airlines were certificated from 1943 to 1949 to serve smaller US domestic markets unserved/poorly served by existing domestic carriers, the trunk carriers, which flew the main, or trunk, routes. However, not all of these started operation and some that did later had their certificates withdrawn. One other carrier was certificated in 1950 as a replacement. "Feeder airline" alludes to another purpose, that such airlines would feed passengers to trunk carriers. It was expected that a significant number of passenger itineraries would involve a connection between a local service carrier and a trunk carrier.

Florida Airways was a brief-lived United States local service carrier, also known as a feeder airline. On March 28, 1946, the US Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now defunct federal agency that, at that time, tightly regulated almost all US commercial air transportation, certificated Thomas E. Gordon, dba Orlando Airlines to provide air service from Orlando, Florida to points in central and north Florida for a three-year period. Gordon beat out competition from trunk carrier National Airlines and from another local service carrier, Southern Airways, for the routes. Gordon owned a fixed-base operator at Orlando Cannon Mills Airport.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mid-West Airlines</span> Brief-lived US local service carrier (1949–1952)

Mid-West Airlines was a Des Moines, Iowa-based local service carrier, a scheduled airline certificated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now-defunct Federal agency that at the time tightly regulated almost all US air transportation, to fly smaller routes in Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, and South Dakota. It was briefly owned by a Purdue University affiliate before being liquidated after the CAB refused to extend the airline's initial certification. It was one of three local service carriers that failed to have initial certification extended by the CAB, the other two being Florida Airways and Wiggins Airways.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Standard Airways</span> US supplemental airline (1946–1969)

Standard Airways operated intermittently from 1946 through 1969 as a small supplemental air carrier a type of US airline regulated by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now-defunct US federal agency that tightly regulated airlines from 1938 to 1978. From 1964 onward, a supplemental air carrier was a charter airline. Until 1964, such airlines were charter/scheduled hybrids and Standard Airways did operate some scheduled services. The airline went bankrupt in 1964 and did not operate again until 1966 with new investors. It converted to jets but then ceased flying again on August 1, 1969. Many attempts were made to restart the airline until the CAB finally revoked its certificate in 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Resort Airlines</span> Unusual US scheduled airline 1945–1960

Resort Airlines was an unusual United States scheduled international airline certificated in 1949 by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB), the now-defunct Federal agency that, at the time, tightly regulated almost all commercial air transport in the United States. Resort's scheduled authority was restricted to offering all-expenses paid escorted tours to nearby foreign destinations, known as sky cruises. Resort could offer conventional charter service but no other scheduled service. The market for sky cruises was limited and quite unprofitable, so the vast majority of Resort's business was charters, and for several years, only charters. At the time, the US did not have pure charter carriers, but rather supplemental air carriers, which at the time had a limited ability to offer scheduled service. Since Resort was functionally a pure charter carrier, it had in some ways the most restrictive certificate in the US airline industry. The airline ceased operations in 1960 at which time it tried selling its certificate to Trans Caribbean Airways. But in 1961 the CAB rejected the deal and revoked the moribund carrier's certificate.

The generically-named U. S. Airlines was one of the first scheduled cargo airlines to operate in the United States, awarded a certificate by the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) in July 1949 in the same proceedings that awarded certificates to Flying Tiger Line and Slick Airways. Flying Tiger and Slick were given transcontinental freight routes, U. S. Airlines was given north-south routes east of the Mississippi. The CAB picked U. S. Airlines over competitors in significant part because it was well capitalized. U. S. Airlines started certificated service 1 October 1949. The airline spent the time before its certification flying freight on east coast routes.

References

  1. "Secretary of Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Corporations Division, Search for a Business Entity, Record for Wiggins Airways, Inc. ID 041972198, Articles of Organization, Filing Number 000041972198". corp.sec.state.ma.us. 2 December 1930. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  2. 1 2 "New England Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 7: 27–82. June 1946 – March 1947. hdl:2027/osu.32437011657737.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  3. "Secretary of Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Corporations Division, Search for a Business Entity, Record for Wiggins Airways, Inc. ID 041972198, Articles of Amendment, Filing Number 200345082280". corp.sec.state.ma.us. 2 August 1944. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  4. 1 2 "Wiggins Renewal Investigation Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 16: 483–533. July 1952 – February 1953. hdl:2027/osu.32437011658529.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  5. Wiggins Airways Initials Local Airline Service, Springfield (MA) Morning Union, September 20, 1949
  6. "Wiggins Renewal Investigation Case". Civil Aeronautics Board Reports. 17: 565–579. March–September 1953. hdl:2027/osu.32437011658479.
  7. 1 2 Wiggins Bows Out With Last Flight Cover, Greenfield (MA) Recorder, August 3, 1953
  8. Eads, George C. (1972). The Local Service Airline Experiment. Brookings Institution. pp. 4, 98. ISBN   9780815720225.
  9. Brouder, Edward W., Jr.; Quirin, Maurice B. (2006). Manchester's Airport: Flying Through Time. Amherst, NH: Unified Business Technologies Press. p. 322. ISBN   097214899X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. "Secretary of Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Corporations Division, Search for a Business Entity, Record for Wiggins Airways, Inc. ID 041972198, Articles of Amendment, Filing Number 020500169047". corp.sec.state.ma.us. 22 May 1990. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  11. Wiggins Airways Buys N.H. Firm, Boston Globe, August 10, 1997
  12. Brouder & Quirin 2006, p. 323.
  13. Brouder & Quirin 2006, p. 346.
  14. "Search results for Wiggins Airways, Inc., ID 498216". quickstart.sos.nh.gov. New Hampshire Secretary of State Business Search. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  15. "Wiggins Airways". Airliner World: 15. January 2015.
  16. "Wiggins Acquisition Goes Ahead". Airliner World: 14. December 2014.
  17. "Signature Flight Support to acquire Wiggins AirWays FBO at Manchester Airport".
  18. "Wiggins Airways website homepage". wiggins-air.com. Wiggins Airways. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  19. Endres, Gunter G. (1987). 1987-88 World Airline Fleets. Feltham, Middlesex, UK: Browcom Publishing. p. 218. ISBN   0946141304.
  20. "FAA-certificated Aircraft Operators (Legal Part 135 holders)". www.faa.gov. Federal Aviation Administration. 3 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
  21. "NTSB releases preliminary report on plane crash in Litchfield that killed two people". 8 September 2023.
  22. "Loss of control Accident Beechcraft C99 Commuter N53RP".