Aeroamerica

Last updated

Aeroamerica
AeroAmericaLogo.JPG
IATA ICAO Callsign
(none)EO (AEO)AEROAMERICA
Founded1973
Ceased operations1982
Hubs Seattle Boeing Field,
Berlin-Tegel Airport
Secondary hubs Seattle Tacoma,
Spokane,
Portland, Oregon,
Boston Logan
Fleet size18 aircraft
(9 Boeing 707,
8 Boeing 720,
1 Rockwell Aero Commander
(as of April 1979))
Destinationsworldwide
HeadquartersSeattle Boeing Field
Key peopleA. Joël Eisenberg,
Alex Harris,
Richard C. Neese,
Richard Heaton,
Capt Rondo [1] (Pete) Pietscher
Websitewww.aeroamerica.net

Aeroamerica, Inc. was founded as a US supplemental carrier [nb 1] in 1973. [2] It was headquartered at Seattle Boeing Field, Washington. [2] [3] In 1975 the airline established an overseas base at Tegel Airport in what used to be West Berlin prior to German reunification. Berlin Tegel was the main operating base from 1975 until 1979. [2] Aeroamerica ceased operations in 1982. [4]

Contents

History

Formation

Seattle businessman Arthur Joël Eisenberg was the founder and owner of Aeroamerica, Inc. [5] [6]

Aeroamerica was incorporated in August 1973. [7] On January 9, 1974, the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) certificated Aeroamerica as a commercial airline operator. [7] This was followed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) transferring Standard Airways's dormant Air Operator Certificate (AOC) to the newly formed airline. [7]

Start of operations

Aeroamerica Boeing 720 in 1981 Aeroamerica Boeing 720 Silagi-1.jpg
Aeroamerica Boeing 720 in 1981

Aeroamerica commenced commercial operations in 1974 with six-second-hand Boeing 720 jetliners. [2] [7] One of these was sourced from Aer Lingus while the remaining five were all ex-Braniff examples. [2] [7] (Aeroamerica's first aircraft had actually been delivered the year before, the same month the company had been incorporated. [7] )

Aeroamerica's Boeing 720s were configured in a 149-seat, single-class seating arrangement. [8] [9] Although Aeroamerica applied similar colour schemes featuring the same basic shapes to most of its aircraft, the actual colour combination differed on each individual plane. [10]

Aeroamerica's female flight attendants wore "hot pants". [9] [10] [11]

Overseas expansion

Following the decision of US supplemental carrier Modern Air's parent company GAC Corp to exit the West Berlin charter market in October 1974, Aeroamerica acquired that airline's West Berlin traffic rights. [12] [13]

Establishment of West Berlin base

On October 23, 1974, the day of the new terminal pre-inauguration at West Berlin's Tegel Airport, Aeroamerica stationed its first Boeing 720 at Tegel for crew familiarisation flights. [8] [14] This aircraft was painted in a basic Braniff colour scheme modified with a white Air Club International style cheatline and a black Berliner Flug Ring inscription by the main door. [11] By March 1975, a further two Boeing 720s arrived at the airline's new Berlin Tegel base to fulfill a five-year charter contract the company had concluded with Berliner Flugring, at the time West Berlin's leading package tour operator, to undertake a series of short- and medium-haul inclusive tour (IT) charter flights to the Mediterranean and the Canary Islands from the start of the 1975 summer season. [13] [15] Aeroamerica had taken over this contract from Modern Air. [8] [13] The decision to supply whole-plane charter airline seats to West Berlin's foremost package tour operator enabled the airline to take advantage of the fact that all airlines other than those headquartered in the US, the UK and France – the airlines of the three Western victorious powers of World War II — were banned from West Berlin.

By 1975, all commercial operations were branded Aeroamerica. [nb 2] [16]

Attainment of leadership in West Berlin charter market

Aeroamerica operated former American Airlines BAC One-Eleven 401AK N5016 on European charter flights out of West Berlin's Tegel Airport during 1976. Aeroamerica BAC 1-11 N5016 6N.jpg
Aeroamerica operated former American Airlines BAC One-Eleven 401AK N5016 on European charter flights out of West Berlin's Tegel Airport during 1976.

By 1976, the size of the airline's Berlin-based fleet had doubled to six aircraft. These included four Boeing 720s as well as a Boeing 707-120B and a BAC One-Eleven 400. [9] [13] [17] The latter had originally belonged to American Airlines. [13] During the summer of 1976, the bulk of Aeroamerica's activities increasingly centred on Berlin Tegel, making it West Berlin's leading charter airline at the time. [13] [18] [19]

Decline

From 1977, the airline's business, which by that time focused on Berlin [nb 3] as well as worldwide ad hoc charters and temporary aircraft leases, gradually declined. [9] [20]

Labour troubles

On July 1, 1977, 96% of Aeroamerica's unionised German flight attendants voted in favour of strike action in a ballot held by the German Salaried Employees' Union. [nb 4] They demanded pay parity with their colleagues working for Pan Am's Internal German Services (IGS) division and employment contracts governed by local labour law to bring them in line with their unionised counterparts at other Allied airlines that employed their flight attendants locally. [nb 5] The company countered these demands by arguing that the nature of its business required flight attendants to be stationed anywhere, involving frequent postings to overseas stations at short notice to cover global ad hoc and lease commitments. It furthermore argued that adopting other Allied airlines' local employment conditions and pay for its own flight attendants would restrict operational flexibility and increase costs, that this would undermine its ability to compete globally and that the worldwide nature of its operations made all flight attendants' employment conditions subject to American labour law as well as CAB and FAA regulations to comply with US legal requirements. Initially, the airline was able to maintain its full flying programme at the beginning of the busy summer holiday period despite staff not showing up for work, following the first week of unsuccessful negotiations between Aeroamerica's local management and the DAG union. However, the conflict escalated during the second week when the local management dismissed without notice two flight attendants who had picketed a Tegel-bound flight in Brussels. As the conflict was still unresolved by the end of July and threatened to disrupt the holiday plans of thousands of West Berliners during the peak month of August, management attempted to break the flight attendants' strike by temporarily reducing the number of flight attendants from four to three per aircraft as well as by hiring contract labour from an unnamed UK airline. [nb 6] As these developments further aggravated the already tense standoff between the airline and its flight attendants' union, the latter sought to increase pressure on the company to settle the dispute by airing its members' grievances in public. It alleged that Aeroamerica's policy of only complying with minimum FAA requirements resulted in overworking flight attendants, putting lives of crew and passengers at risk in case of an emergency. Despite the negative publicity, management refused to return to the negotiating table and the strike eventually collapsed as the peak summer season drew to a close by the end of August. Following the end of the labour unrest at the company, the FAA subjected Aeroamerica to an unannounced safety audit later the same year. The airline's management alleged that the FAA's move had been prompted by a dismissed flight attendant's act of revenge. [9] [20] [21]

Overseas leases

The short-term wet- and subleases Aeroamerica had concluded with other airlines partially compensated for the loss of business at its Berlin base. [22] Aeroamerica's wet-/sublease customers included Egyptair, Kıbrıs Türk Hava Yolları (KTHY) — the Northern Cyprus flag carrier, Laker Airways, Libyan Arab Airlines, Pakistan International Airlines and Saudia. [22] For instance, the 1977 Kıbrıs wet lease, which ran for several years, entailed the stationing of a fully crewed Boeing 720 at Ercan to operate the Turkish carrier's scheduled route to Istanbul. [22] [23]

Entry into US domestic scheduled market

Aeroamerica acquired additional second-hand Boeing 720s and 707s during 1978 to enable it to exploit new business opportunities created by U.S. airline deregulation. [24] In August of that year, Aeroamerica commenced its first-ever fully fledged scheduled air service between Seattle-Tacoma (SEA) and Spokane (GEG). [24] Aeroamerica also operated nonstop jet service between Seattle Boeing Field (BFI) and Spokane in the fall of 1978 with two roundtrip nonstop flights every weekday. [25] The company's new scheduled passenger flights were an immediate success. [24] The following year, the firm prepared to launch additional scheduled services linking Seattle-Tacoma and Portland, Oregon, with Honolulu. [24] According to the Official Airline Guide (OAG), in late 1979 Aeroamerica was operating nonstop Boeing 707 jet service four days a week between Seattle-Tacoma (SEA) and Honolulu (HNL) and was previously operating nonstop Boeing 720 jet service on the weekends between SEA and HNL. [26]

Logistical and reliability problems

The increasingly far-flung nature of the airline's operations overstretched its small fleet. This was compounded by the fleet's advanced age. The combination of these two factors resulted in growing reliability problems. [24]

Closure of West Berlin base

In January 1979, Berliner Flugring, Aeroamerica's main overseas business partner, announced that it would not be renewing the five-year contract it had signed with the airline in late 1974, citing reliability issues as the main reason for its decision. [24]

Aeroamerica closed its Berlin base in November 1979, at the end of the summer season. [3] [27]

Adoption of new corporate strategy

Following its decision to exit the West Berlin charter market, Aeroamerica adopted a new strategy that sought to refocus the airline as a low-fare transatlantic scheduled operator, beginning with a weekly service linking Miami with Berlin via Brussels or Amsterdam from the start of the following year's summer season. [24]

Growing financial problems and suspension of operations

As a result of growing financial difficulties, Aeroamerica voluntarily surrendered its operating permit during an informal meeting with the FAA at the end of 1979. [28] [29] This action on the airline's part in turn resulted in legal action brought against it by an aircraft lessor and British Airways over unpaid bills concerning the former Berlin operation, as well as the seizure of one of the company's aircraft at Tegel Airport. [29]

Reorganisation under Chapter 11

The CAB's subsequent decision to revoke the firm's exempt permit effectively grounded Aeroamerica, resulting in a filing under Chapter 11 of the US bankruptcy code on November 19, 1979 seeking protection from creditors while reorganising the business under the bankruptcy court's supervision. [30]

On June 30, 1980, the FAA suspended Aeroamerica's AOC. [31]

Resumption of operations

On August 19, 1980, the FAA agreed to restore Aeroamerica's AOC following a joint representation by the airline and its official creditors' committee. [28] [31] However, Aeroamerica's operations continued to be plagued by financial and maintenance issues. [31]

In July 1982, Aeroamerica commenced scheduled services between Seattle and Reno with Boeing 707s. [28] [32]

Company closure

The airline finally ceased operations during the latter half of 1982, when the FAA grounded it for a maintenance violation regarding the operation of a non-airworthy aircraft. [4] [5] [31]

Fleet

Aeroamerica operated the following aircraft types: [9] [33]

Aeroamerica and its sister company Air Club International, which was formed in 1970 as Club International and had operated its first commercial flight across the Atlantic to Amsterdam with an ex-TWA Boeing 707 in 1971, claimed to be the world's largest operators of Boeing "executive aircraft". [5] [6] [9] [36]

See also

Notes and citations

Notes
  1. ↑ holder of supplemental air carrier certificate authorised to operate non-scheduled passenger and cargo services to supplement the scheduled operations of certificated route air carriers; an airline holding a supplemental air carrier certificate is also known as a "nonsked" in the US
  2. ↑ this resulted in phasing out the Air Club brand used for flights operated by Aeroamerica's sister company Air Club International.
  3. ↑ accounting for 30% of all charter operations at Tegel
  4. ↑ Deutsche Angestellten Gewerkschaft (DAG) in German
  5. ↑ apart from Pan Am's local IGS flight attendants, these included local flight attendants at British Airways and Dan-Air (in contrast, local Laker Airways flight attendants' employment contracts were not governed by these conditions as the company did not recognise unions in any part of its business)
  6. ↑ local West Berlin media reports at the time alleged that Laker Airways was the unnamed UK airline supplying contract labour to Aeroamerica to help it break its flight attendants' strike
Citations
  1. ↑ name correction by Charles Pietscher, nephew
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "World Airline Directory 1975". Flight International . March 1975.
  3. 1 2 "World Airline Directory 1980". Flight International . March 1980.
  4. 1 2 "World Airline Directory 1983". Flight International . March 1983.
  5. 1 2 3 ITL International Telecom Ltd. (International Telecoms and Tradition of Innovation)
  6. 1 2 Airways (Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful), pp. 44/5, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Airways [Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], p. 45, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  8. 1 2 3 Berlin Airport Company – Summary of 1974 Annual Report, February 1975 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1975 (in German)
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Airways ([Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], p. 46, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  10. 1 2 Berlin Airport Company, May 1975 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1975 (in German)
  11. 1 2 Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, p. 10 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  12. ↑ World Airline Directory, Flight International, 22 March 1973, p. 463
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Airways ([Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], pp. 45/6, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  14. ↑ Air Transport, Flight International, 7 November 1974, p. 628
  15. ↑ Berlin Airport Company, April 1975 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1975 (in German)
  16. ↑ Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, 2007, p. 11 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  17. 1 2 3 Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, p. 13 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  18. ↑ Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, 2007, p. 12 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  19. ↑ Berlin Airport Company, August 1976 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1976 (in German)
  20. 1 2 Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, p. 14 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  21. ↑ local West Berlin media reports as broadcast and published in various editions of Berliner Abendschau and Der Tagesspiegel , July 1 – September 30, 1977 (in German)
  22. 1 2 3 Airways ([Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], pp. 46–48, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  23. ↑ "World Airline Directory 1978". Flight International . March 1978.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Airways ([Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], p. 47, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  25. ↑ "Aeroamerica".
  26. ↑ Dec. 1, 1979 Official Airline Guide (OAG) North America Edition, Honolulu-Seattle flight schedules
  27. ↑ Berlin Airport Company, April 1979 Monthly Timetable Booklet for Berlin Tempelhof and Berlin Tegel Airports, Berlin Airport Company, West Berlin, 1979 (in German)
  28. 1 2 3 Short hauls ..., Air Transport, Flight International, 22 November 1980, p. 1944
  29. 1 2 Airways ([Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], p. 48, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  30. ↑ Airways ([Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], pp. 48/9, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  31. 1 2 3 4 Airways ([Zoeller, M., Aeroamerica – Deregulation Hopeful], p. 49, HPC Publishing, St Leonards on Sea, November 2008
  32. ↑ Short hauls ..., Air Transport, Flight International, 24 July 1982, p. 183
  33. ↑ Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, pp. 3–7, 9–25 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  34. ↑ Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, pp. 5, 9, 12 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  35. ↑ Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, pp. 9, 11/2, 14/5, 18 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  36. ↑ Zoeller, M., aeroamerica, p. 3 Archived June 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

Related Research Articles

America West Airlines was a major American airline, founded in 1981, with service commencing in 1983, and having reached US$1 billion in annual revenue in 1989, headquartered in Tempe, Arizona. At the time of its acquisition of US Airways, America West had the unique distinction of being the only post-deregulation U.S. airline still operating under its original operating certificate. Their main hub was at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport, with a secondary hub at Harry Reid International Airport in Las Vegas. The airline acquired US Airways in 2005 but took on the name of US Airways. America West served about 100 cities in the US, Canada, and Mexico; flights to Europe were on codeshare partners. In September 2005, the airline had 140 aircraft, with a single maintenance base at Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport. Regional jet and turboprop flights were operated on a code sharing basis by Mesa Airlines and Chautauqua Airlines as America West Express.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pan Am</span> Primary international airline of the United States from 1927 to 1991

Pan American World Airways, originally founded as Pan American Airways and commonly known as Pan Am, was an American airline that was the principal and largest international air carrier and unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United States for much of the 20th century. It was the first airline to fly worldwide and pioneered numerous innovations of the modern airline industry such as jumbo jets, and computerized reservation systems. Until its dissolution in 1991, Pan Am "epitomized the luxury and glamour of intercontinental travel", and it remains a cultural icon of the 20th century, identified by its blue globe logo, the use of the word "Clipper" in its aircraft names and call signs, and the white uniform caps of its pilots.

Monarch Airlines, also known as Monarch, was a British charter and scheduled airline founded by Bill Hodgson and Don Peacock and financed by the Swiss Sergio Mantegazza family. The company later became a low-cost airline in 2004 before abandoning charter flying completely. The airline's headquarters were based at Luton, and it had operating bases at Birmingham, Leeds/Bradford, Gatwick and Manchester.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin Tegel Airport</span> 1948–2020 airport of Berlin, Germany

Berlin Tegel "Otto Lilienthal" Airport was the primary international airport of Berlin, the federal capital of Germany. The airport was named after aviation pioneer Otto Lilienthal and was the fourth busiest airport in Germany, with over 24 million passengers in 2019. In 2016, Tegel handled over 60% of all airline passenger traffic in Berlin. The airport served as a base for Eurowings, Ryanair as well as easyJet. It featured flights to several European metropolitan and leisure destinations as well as some intercontinental routes. It was situated in Tegel, a section of the northern borough of Reinickendorf, eight kilometres northwest of the city centre of Berlin. Tegel Airport was notable for its hexagonal main terminal building around an open square, which made walking distances as short as 30 m (100 ft) from the aircraft to the terminal exit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Berlin Tempelhof Airport</span> 1923–2008 airport of Berlin, Germany

Berlin Tempelhof Airport was one of the first airports in Berlin, Germany. Situated in the south-central Berlin borough of Tempelhof-Schöneberg, the airport ceased operating in 2008 amid controversy, leaving Tegel and Schönefeld as the two main airports serving the city for another twelve years until both were replaced by Berlin Brandenburg Airport in 2020.

Pacific Southwest Airlines (PSA) was a regional U.S. airline headquartered in San Diego, California, that operated from 1949 to 1998. It was the first large discount airline in the United States. PSA called itself "The World's Friendliest Airline" and painted a smile on the nose of its airplanes, the PSA Grinningbirds. Opinion L.A. of the Los Angeles Times called PSA "practically the unofficial flag carrier airline of California for almost forty years."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Air Berlin</span> Defunct airline of Germany (1978—2017)

Air Berlin PLC & Co. Luftverkehrs KG, branded as airberlin or airberlin.com was a major German airline. At its peak, it was Germany's second-largest airline, as well as Europe's tenth-largest airline in terms of passengers carried. It was headquartered in Berlin and had hubs at Berlin Tegel Airport and Düsseldorf Airport. It was a member of the oneworld airline alliance.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Boeing Field</span> Public airport in Seattle, Washington, United States

Boeing Field, officially King County International Airport, is a public airport owned and operated by King County, five miles south of downtown Seattle, Washington. The airport is sometimes referred to as KCIA, but it is not the airport identifier. The airport has scheduled passenger service operated by Kenmore Air, a commuter air carrier, and was being served by JSX with regional jet flights. It is also a hub for UPS Airlines. It is also used by other cargo airlines and general aviation aircraft. The airfield is named for the founder of Boeing, William E. Boeing and was constructed in 1928, serving as the city's primary airport until the opening of Seattle–Tacoma International Airport in 1944. The airport's property is mostly in Seattle just south of Georgetown, with its southern tip extending into Tukwila. The airport covers 634 acres (257 ha), averages more than 180,000 operations annually, and has approximately 380 based aircraft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Interflug</span> Former airline of the German Democratic Republic

Interflug GmbH was the national airline of the German Democratic Republic from 1963 to 1990. Based in East Berlin, it operated scheduled and chartered flights to European and intercontinental destinations out of its hub at Berlin Schönefeld Airport, focusing on Comecon countries. Following German reunification, the company was liquidated.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dan-Air</span> Airline based in the United Kingdom (1953-92)

Dan-Air was an airline based in the United Kingdom and a wholly owned subsidiary of London shipbroking firm Davies and Newman. It was started in 1953 with a single aircraft. Initially, it operated cargo and passenger charter flights from Southend (1953–1955) and Blackbushe airports (1955–1960) using a variety of piston-engined aircraft before moving to a new base at Gatwick Airport in 1960, followed by expansion into inclusive tour (IT) charter flights and all-year round scheduled services. The introduction of two de Havilland Comet series 4 jet aircraft in 1966 made Dan-Air the second British independent airline after British United Airways to begin sustained jet operations.

Cirrus Airlines Luftfahrtgesellschaft mbH was a German regional airline with its head office in Hallbergmoos and its maintenance facilities at Saarbrücken Airport. It operated both charter and scheduled flights, the latter on behalf of Lufthansa, Swiss International Air Lines and Air Moldova. Its main bases and hubs were Saarbrücken Airport and Mannheim City Airport. The company slogan was connecting business.

Modern Air Transport, Inc. was a United States-based non-scheduled and supplemental carrier founded in 1946. At different stages in its history its operations were based in Newark and Trenton, New Jersey, Baltimore, and Miami. In addition to Miami, New York used to be a base for Modern Air. In 1968, the airline established an overseas base at Berlin Tegel Airport in what used to be West Berlin prior to German reunification. Between 1968 and 1974, operations increasingly focused on Berlin Tegel. Modern Air ceased trading in 1975.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Laker Airways</span> Defunct private British airline

Laker Airways was a private British airline founded by Sir Freddie Laker in 1966. It was originally a charter airline flying passengers and cargo worldwide. Its head office was located at Gatwick Airport in Crawley, England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ketchikan International Airport</span> Airport

Ketchikan International Airport is a state-owned, public-use airport located one nautical mile (2 km) west of the central business district of Ketchikan, a city in Ketchikan Gateway Borough in Alaska, U.S. state that has no direct road access to the outside world or to the airport. The airport is located on Gravina Island, just west of Ketchikan on the other side of the Tongass Narrows. Passengers must take a seven-minute ferry ride across the water to get to the airport from the town.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Annette Island Airport</span> Airport in Annette Island

Annette Island Airport is located on Annette Island in the Prince of Wales – Hyder Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is located 5 nautical miles (9 km) south of Metlakatla, Alaska. The airport was established as the Annette Island Army Airfield during World War II and initially served as a military airbase.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">West Berlin Air Corridor</span> Airways linking West Berlin to West Germany

During the Cold War era (1945–1991), the West Berlin air corridors, also known as the Berlin corridors and control zone, were three regulated airways for civil and military air traffic of the Western Allies between West Berlin and West Germany passing over East Germany's territory. The corridors and control zone were physically centered on and under control of the all-Allied Berlin Air Safety Center (BASC) in West Berlin. The airspace within these corridors was used by US, UK and French-registered non-combat aircraft belonging to these countries' armed forces and airlines operated by pilots holding those countries' passports. In addition, it was also used by LOT Polish Airlines for regular scheduled services from Warsaw to London and Paris via Schönefeld Airport to the south of East Berlin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pan Am Flight 708</span> 1966 aviation accident

Pan Am Flight 708 was a cargo flight that crashed on initial approach less than 10 mi (16 km) west-southwest of its destination airport, Berlin Tegel in Germany, in the early morning hours of November 15, 1966. The flight was operated by a Pan American World Airways Boeing 727-21, registration N317PA, name Clipper München, routing from Frankfurt Airport. All three crew members perished. The cause was undetermined because US investigators were not allowed to survey the impact site near Dallgow in what was then East Germany, and only half of the aircraft remains were returned by Soviet military authorities in East Germany to their US counterparts in former West Berlin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TAT European Airlines</span> Former French regional airline

Transport Aérien Transrégional was a French regional airline with its head office on the grounds of Tours Val de Loire Airport in Tours. It was formed in 1968 as Touraine Air Transport (TAT) by M. Marchais. Air France acquired a minority stake in the airline in 1989. Between 1993 and 1996 the company was gradually taken over by British Airways. It subsequently merged with Air Liberté.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Euroberlin France</span> Franco-German joint venture airline founded in 1988

Euroberlin France was a Franco-German joint venture airline founded in 1988.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dan-Air Flight 1008</span> 1980 aviation accident

Dan-Air Flight 1008 was a fatal accident involving a Boeing 727-46 jet aircraft operated by Dan Air Services Limited on an unscheduled international passenger service from Manchester to Tenerife. The crash occurred on 25 April 1980 in a forest on Tenerife's Mount La Esperanza when the aircraft's flight deck crew wrongly executed an unpublished holding pattern in an area of very high ground; it resulted in the aircraft's destruction and the deaths of all 146 on board. Flight 1008 was Dan-Air's second major accident in 10 years and the worst accident involving the deaths of fare-paying passengers in the airline's entire history.

References

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.