Capella Creek flows from east to west across the northern part of the locality to the immediate north of the town. Capella Creek is a tributary of the Nogoa River, which in turn is a tributary of the Fitzroy River which enters the Coral Sea.[5]
Capella was founded on traditional Wangan land in the 1860s by graziers influenced by the good reports of Ludwig Leichhardt.
The town takes its name from Capella Creek, which was in turn named after the star Capella. The Creek was probably named by surveyor Charles Frederick Gregory[2] who, following the discovery of copper at Copperfield, about 60 kilometres to the north, surveyed three township sites in the Peak Downs area in 1862; Crinum Creek (Lilyvale), Capella, and Hoods Lagoon (Clermont).
The town remained a small roadside stopping place halfway between Emerald, to the south, and Clermont, to the north, until a railway line was built connecting the two larger towns in 1882. The same year saw the establishment of a post office, which opened on 5 December.[7]
In June 1883 Mr Jorgensen was contracted to build a Presbyterian Church and school for £146 to be completed in one month.[8]
Capella Provisional School opened on 29 August 1883. In July 1884 the school had an enrolment of 35 children with an average attendance of 28 children.[9] In 1900 it became Capella State School. In 1978 a pre-school was added. In 1984 a secondary department was added, but it ceased when Capella State High School opened on 23 January 1989.[10]
Gordon Downs Provisional School opened circa 1885 and closed circa 1886.[11]
Land resumed from large pastoral runs was made available to small farm selectors in 1883 and small cropping and dairying became early industries; a Butter Factory was built in 1900 under the "Meat and Diary Encouragement Act."[12]
From 1894 Wesleyan Methodist services were held at Capella State School by Reverend Taylor, minister of the Wesleyan Church in Clermont.[13] On 2 May 1898 Reverend J.R. Williams based at Clermont held the first Wesleyan service in the Capella church.[14]
By the late 1890s it was reported that "great improvements have been made at this place of late": in 1898 new offices for the Peak Downs Divisional Board (the fore-runner of the Peak Downs Shire Council) were opened, a number of new shops had been built, and the Old Exchange Hotel and the Peak Downs Hotel were renovated and re-opened.[15]
Mrs Lucy Stuart of Gordon Downs Station laid the foundation block for the Holy Spirit Anglican Church on Easter Monday 1 April 1907.[16][17] The church was opened on 23 October 1907.[18]
The early 20th century was a time of stable growth and development in the town, although the population only increased from about 250 in 1900 to 300 in 1930.[19] The 1920s saw a great deal of building. Mrs M.J. Walsh opened a café in October 1925 and a bakery opened shortly after. A new Roman Catholic church, St Joseph's, seating 200 people, was dedicated in April 1926.[20] The same year also saw a new hall, picture theatre and Country Women's Association clubrooms built. A branch of the Queensland National Bank opened in 1930[21] and a new Catholic presbytery was built. The town became the council seat of the Shire of Peak Downs in 1927 and a new Shire Hall was built in 1936. The mid 1930s also saw the town's main streets kerbed and channelled and a "bitumen emulsion paved footpath" laid in the main street, Peak Down's Street.[22]
A town electricity supply was introduced in December, 1954[23] although other services had to wait for another decade or more, being introduced between 1962 (a town water supply) and 1982 (mains sewerage).[citation needed]
In the 1950s the Queensland British Food Corporation introduced large-scale grain production into the district on land formerly used for grazing. A run of poor seasons led to the project's failure, but introduced new crops such as sunflower and sorghum.[citation needed]
The Capella Hotel, on the corner of Peak Downs and Crinum Streets, was built in 1955. This was the site of the former Commercial Hotel, built in 1929, which was destroyed in a fire in February 1943.[24] The destruction of the Commercial left the town with only one other hotel and the Peak Downs Shire Council, realising the need to provide additional accommodation for visitors to the town, undertook to build the hotel as a function of local government. Several local authorities in Queensland built and ran their own licensed premises in the 1950s, including Rockhampton, Townsville and Winton. The new Capella Hotel was designed by Mr E.A. Hegvold and built by J.J. Booker and Sons, at a cost of £33,000. The hotel was officially opened on 7 May 1955.[25]
The Peak Downs district was part of the Brigalow Development Scheme in the 1960s with large-scale clearing of the brigalow scrub by mechanical means.[26] The large new farming blocks opened up by the clearing of the Brigalow lent itself to the broadland growing of grain and cereal crops, particularly sunflower and sorghum. Bulk storage facilities for these new crops was built in 1964 and the population of the district increased with new farming families. Capella saw the opening of a range of new activities and facilities, including a district agricultural show (1961), Girl Guides (1966), and a swimming pool (1969).[citation needed]
Coal was discovered at Tieri, about 36 kilometres east of Capella, in 1982 and a large open-cut mine was developed. The mine boosted the economy of the area and the 1980s saw a number of new developments and buildings in Capella, including the Capella Cultural Centre and a pioneer village.[citation needed]
Capella State High School opened on 23 January 1989, replacing the secondary department at Capella State School.[11]
In 2003 the security of Capella's water supply was assured by a pipeline to Tieri.[citation needed]
The Capella Polocrosse Carnival is held annually in July.[44]
The Capella Cattledogs are the local rugby union team which compete in the Central Highlands Rugby Union competition which runs from March to September.[44]
The Peak Downs Pirates are local rugby league team which compete in the Central Highlands Rugby League competition.[44]
Roma is a rural town and locality in the Maranoa Region, Queensland, Australia. It is the administrative centre of the Maranoa Region. The town was incorporated in 1867 and is named after Lady Diamantina Bowen, the wife of Sir George Bowen, the Governor of Queensland at the time. In the 2016 census, the locality of Roma had a population of 6,848 people.
Blackwater is a rural town and locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2016 census, Blackwater had a population of 4,749 people.
Emerald is a rural town and locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. The locality had a population of 14,904 people at the 2021 census.
Central Queensland is an ambiguous geographical division of Queensland that centres on the eastern coast, around the Tropic of Capricorn. Its major regional centre is Rockhampton. The region extends from the Capricorn Coast west to the Central Highlands at Emerald, north to the Mackay Regional Council southern boundary, and south to Gladstone. The region is also known as Capricornia. It is one of Australia's main coal exporting regions.
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Springsure is a town and a locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. It is 66 kilometres (41 mi) south of Emerald on the Gregory Highway. It is the southern terminus of the Gregory Highway and the northern terminus of the Dawson Highway. It is 765 kilometres (475 mi) northwest of Brisbane. At the 2021 census, Springsure had a population of 950 people.
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The Shire of Peak Downs was a local government area in the Central Highlands of Queensland, Australia, 320 km west of both Rockhampton and Mackay. On 15 March 2008 the shires of Duaringa, Emerald, Bauhinia and Peak Downs were amalgamated to form the Central Highlands Region.
The Shire of Emerald is a former local government area in the Central Highlands region of Queensland, Australia. On 15 March 2008 the shires of Duaringa, Emerald, Bauhinia and Peak Downs were amalgamated to form the Central Highlands Region. Its administrative centre is based around Emerald.
Central Highlands Region is a local government area in Queensland, Australia.
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Gindie is a rural locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. At the 2021 census, Gindie had a population of 232 people.
Crinum is a rural locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. At the 2021 census, Crinum had a population of 86 people.
Minerva is a rural locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. At the 2021 census, Minerva had a population of 55 people.
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Gordonstone is a rural locality in the Central Highlands Region, Queensland, Australia. At the 2021 census, Gordonstone had a population of 32 people.
Laglan is a rural locality in the Isaac Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2016 census Laglan had a population of 3 people, but its boundaries have subsequently changed.
Clermont–Alpha Road is a continuous 178 kilometres (111 mi) road route in the Isaac and Barcaldine regions of Queensland, Australia. It is signed as State Route 41 for its entire length. It is a state-controlled regional road, rated as a local road of regional significance (LRRS). It is part of the shortest route from Mackay to Longreach.
↑ "EDUCATI0NAL STATISTICS". Morning Bulletin. Vol.XXXIII, no.5075. Queensland, Australia. 23 July 1884. p.4. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "CAPELLA BUTTER FACTORY". Morning Bulletin. Vol.LXII, no.11, 094. Queensland, Australia. 3 June 1901. p.5. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2018– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "CAPELLA". Morning Bulletin. Vol.XLVII, no.9428. Queensland, Australia. 23 February 1894. p.6. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "CAPELLA". The Capricornian. Vol.24, no.19. Queensland, Australia. 7 May 1898. p.34. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "CAPELLA". The Capricornian. Vol.24, no.23. Queensland, Australia. 4 June 1898. p.21. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2018– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "THE CHURCHES". Morning Bulletin. No.13, 223. Queensland, Australia. 16 March 1907. p.8. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "THE CHURCHES". Morning Bulletin. No.13, 427. Queensland, Australia. 9 November 1907. p.6. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "Capella". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland. Archived from the original on 15 August 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
↑ "EMERALD". The Brisbane Courier. No.21, 291. Queensland, Australia. 22 April 1926. p.11. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2018– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "Q. N. BANK". The Evening News. No.2502. Queensland, Australia. 14 September 1929. p.9. Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2018– via National Library of Australia.
↑ "CAPELLA". The Telegraph. Queensland, Australia. 3 April 1935. p.3 (LATE CITY). Archived from the original on 31 August 2021. Retrieved 15 August 2018– via National Library of Australia.
↑ McAlpine, Clive; Seabrook, Leonie. "The Brigalow". Queensland Historical Atlas. Archived from the original on 12 August 2018. Retrieved 15 August 2018.
↑ Horton, David (August 2016). "Peak Downs (Capella)". South-East Queensland cemeteries headstone photo collection. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 29 April 2017.
↑ "Capella Library". Public Libraries Connect. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018. Retrieved 9 January 2018.
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