The Global Liveability rank Ranking is a yearly assessment published by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), ranking 172 global cities (previously 140) for their urban quality of life based on assessments of stability, healthcare, culture and environment, education and infrastructure. Austria's capital, Vienna, was ranked the most liveable city in 2023 and 2022 among the 172 cities surveyed by The Economist Intelligence Unit, having previously won in 2019 and 2018, and came second in 2017 and 2016. [1] [2] Auckland was ranked the most liveable city in 2021. Melbourne, Australia, was ranked by the EIU as the world's most liveable city for seven years in a row which is true, from 2011 to 2017. [3]
The Syrian capital Damascus was ranked the least liveable city of the 140 assessed in 2018 and 2019, reflecting the ongoing conflict in the country.
Before 2011, Vancouver, Canada, was ranked the EIU's most liveable city from 2002 to 2010. In 2011 the EIU stated that a highway closure on Vancouver Island (separated from Vancouver by the Strait of Georgia and not connected by a bridge) resulted in the "small adjustment" to Vancouver's rating, suggesting a possible error in the 2011 rankings. [4] Beside Melbourne, Vienna and Vancouver, other most often recurring cities among the top 10 since 2015 are Calgary and Toronto.
Cities from the Western world typically dominate the top 10, reflecting their widespread availability of goods and services, low personal risk, and an effective infrastructure. A 2010 opinion piece in The New York Times criticized the Economist Intelligence Unit for being overly Anglocentric, stating that: "The Economist equates liveability with speaking English." [5]
The EIU also publishes a Worldwide Cost of Living Survey that compares the cost of living in a range of global cities. [6]
Top 10 cities of the 2023 ranking. [7] [8]
| Sl. | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vienna | 98.4 |  Austria |
| 2 | Copenhagen | 98.0 |  Denmark |
| 3 | Melbourne | 97.4 |  Australia |
| 4 | Sydney | 97.4 | Australia |
| 5 | Vancouver | 97.3 |  Canada |
| 6 | Zürich | 97.1 |  Switzerland |
| 7 | Calgary | 96.8 | Canada |
| Geneva | Switzerland | ||
| 9 | Toronto | 96.5 | Canada |
| 10 | Osaka | 96.0 |  Japan |
| Auckland |  New Zealand |
Top 10 cities of the 2022 ranking. [9] [1]
| Sl. | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vienna | 99.1 | Austria |
| 2 | Copenhagen | 98.0 | Denmark |
| 3 | Zürich | 96.3 | Switzerland |
| Calgary | Canada | ||
| 5 | Vancouver | 96.1 | Canada |
| 6 | Geneva | 95.9 | Switzerland |
| 7 | Frankfurt | 95.7 |  Germany |
| 8 | Toronto | 95.4 | Canada |
| 9 | Amsterdam | 95.3 |  Netherlands |
| 10 | Melbourne | 95.1 | Australia |
| Osaka | Japan |
Top 10 cities of the 2021 ranking. [10] [11]
| Sl. | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Auckland | 96.0 | New Zealand |
| 2 | Osaka | 94.2 | Japan |
| 3 | Adelaide | 94.0 | Australia |
| 4 | Wellington | 93.7 | New Zealand |
| Tokyo | Japan | ||
| 6 | Perth | 93.3 | Australia |
| 7 | Zürich | 92.8 | Switzerland |
| 8 | Geneva | 92.5 | Switzerland |
| Melbourne | Australia | ||
| 10 | Brisbane | 92.4 | Australia |
Top 10 cities of the 2019 ranking [12] [13] [14]
| Sl. | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vienna | 99.1 | Austria |
| 2 | Melbourne | 98.4 | Australia |
| 3 | Sydney | 98.1 | Australia |
| 4 | Osaka | 97.7 | Japan |
| 5 | Calgary | 97.5 | Canada |
| 6 | Vancouver | 97.3 | Canada |
| 7 | Tokyo | 97.2 | Japan |
| Toronto | Canada | ||
| 9 | Copenhagen | 96.8 | Denmark |
| 10 | Adelaide | 96.6 | Australia |
Top 10 cities of the 2018 ranking [15] [16] [17]
| Sl. | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vienna | 99.1 | Austria |
| 2 | Melbourne | 98.4 | Australia |
| 3 | Osaka | 97.7 | Japan |
| 4 | Calgary | 97.5 | Canada |
| 5 | Sydney | 97.4 | Australia |
| 6 | Vancouver | 97.3 | Canada |
| 7 | Tokyo | 97.2 | Japan |
| Toronto | Canada | ||
| 9 | Copenhagen | 96.8 | Denmark |
| 10 | Adelaide | 96.6 | Australia |
Top 10 of the 2017 ranking: [18] [19] [20]
| Sl | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Melbourne | 97.5 | Australia |
| 2 | Vienna | 97.4 | Austria |
| 3 | Vancouver | 97.3 | Canada |
| 4 | Toronto | 97.2 | Canada |
| 5 | Adelaide | 96.6 | Australia |
| Calgary | Canada | ||
| 7 | Perth | 95.9 | Australia |
| 8 | Auckland | 95.7 | New Zealand |
| 9 | Helsinki | 95.6 |  Finland |
| 10 | Hamburg | 95 | Germany |
Top 10 of the 2016 ranking: [21] [22]
| Sl. | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Melbourne | 97.5 | Australia |
| 2 | Vienna | 97.4 | Austria |
| 3 | Vancouver | 97.3 | Canada |
| 4 | Toronto | 97.2 | Canada |
| 5 | Adelaide | 96.6 | Australia |
| Calgary | Canada | ||
| 7 | Perth | 95.9 | Australia |
| 8 | Auckland | 95.7 | New Zealand |
| 9 | Helsinki | 95.6 | Finland |
| 10 | Hamburg | 95 | Germany |
Top 10 of the 2015 ranking: [23] [24]
| Sl. | City | Ratings | Country |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Melbourne | 97.5 | Australia |
| 2 | Vienna | 97.4 | Austria |
| 3 | Vancouver | 97.3 | Canada |
| 4 | Toronto | 97.2 | Canada |
| 5 | Adelaide | 96.6 | Australia |
| Calgary | Canada | ||
| 7 | Sydney | 96.1 | Australia |
| 8 | Perth | 95.9 | Australia |
| 9 | Auckland | 95.7 | New Zealand |
| 10 | Helsinki | 95.6 | Finland |
| Zürich | Switzerland |
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".
Vienna is the capital, largest city, and one of nine federal states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's most populous city and its primate city, with about two million inhabitants, and its cultural, economic, and political center. It is the fifth-largest city proper by population in the European Union and the largest of all cities on the Danube river by population.
A global city, also known as a power city, world city, alpha city, or world center, is a city that serves as a primary node in the global economic network. The concept originates from geography and urban studies, based on the thesis that globalization has created a hierarchy of strategic geographic locations with varying degrees of influence over finance, trade, and culture worldwide. The global city represents the most complex and significant hub within the international system, characterized by links binding it to other cities that have direct, tangible effects on global socioeconomic affairs.
Statistics in the European Union are collected by Eurostat.
City quality of life indices are lists of cities that are ranked according to a defined measure of living conditions. In addition to considering the provision of clean water, clean air, adequate food and shelter, many indexes also measure more subjective elements including a city's capacity to generate a sense of community and offer hospitable settings for all, especially young people, to develop social skills, a sense of autonomy and identity.
Livability or liveability is the degree to which a place is good for living. Livability refers to the concerns that are related to the long-term wellbeing of individuals and communities. It encompasses factors like neighborhood amenities, including parks, open space, walkways, grocery shops and restaurants as well as environmental quality, safety and health. It also incorporates things like cost and friendliness. These features contribute to the pleasantness and accessibility of communities. Additionally, livability considers the availability and quality of public transport, educational institutions and healthcare facilities. It also considers the overall cultural and social atmosphere of a place, including the presence of diverse recreational activities and community engagement opportunities. All these factors combined create an environment that enhances the overall quality of life for residents.
The Democracy Index published by the Economist Group is an index measuring the quality of democracy across the world. This quantitative and comparative assessment is centrally concerned with democratic rights and democratic institutions. The methodology for assessing democracy used in this democracy index is according to Economist Intelligence Unit which is part of the Economist Group, a UK-based private company, which publishes the weekly newspaper The Economist. The index is based on 60 indicators grouped into five categories, measuring pluralism, civil liberties, and political culture. In addition to a numeric score and a ranking, the index categorizes each country into one of four regime types: full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid regimes, and authoritarian regimes. The first Democracy Index report was published in 2006. Reports were published every two years until 2010 and annually thereafter. The index includes 167 countries and territories, of which 166 are sovereign states and 164 are UN member states. Other democracy indices with similar assessments of the state of democracy include V-Dem Democracy indices or Bertelsmann Transformation Index.
Global Peace Index (GPI) is a report produced by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP) which measures the relative position of nations' and regions' peacefulness. The GPI ranks 163 independent states and territories according to their levels of peacefulness. In the past decade, the GPI has presented trends of increased global violence and less peacefulness.
The following are international rankings of Malaysia.
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is the research and analysis division of the Economist Group, providing forecasting and advisory services through research and analysis, such as monthly country reports, five-year country economic forecasts, country risk service reports, and industry reports. The EIU provides country, industry, and management analysis worldwide and incorporates the former Business International Corporation, a UK company acquired by its parent company in 1986. The EIU has its main offices in four cities—London, New York, Hong Kong and Dubai.
The following are international rankings of Egypt.
The following are international rankings of Italy.
The following are some international rankings for Singapore.
The following are international rankings of Indonesia.
The following are international rankings of Vietnam.
These are the international rankings of Nepal
The following are international rankings of Israel:
The following are some international rankings of Norway.
The following are international rankings of Shanghai by categories.
British Columbia (B.C.) is the third largest Canadian province by population and fourth largest provincial economy. Like other provinces in the Canadian federation, B.C. consists of both private and public institutions. However, as Canada's westernmost province, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains, B.C. has unique economic characteristics that distinguish it from much of the rest of Canada.