In India, an Institution of National Importance (INI) refers to a premier public higher education institution granted special status by the constitution or an act of the Parliament of India. Such institutions are recognized for their pivotal role in developing highly skilled personnel within a specified region of the country or state. Institutes of National Importance enjoy special recognition, greater autonomy, and direct funding from the Government of India.
At the inception of the Constitution of India, the Seventh Schedule declared Banaras Hindu University and Aligarh Muslim University as institutes of national importance. Subsequently 32nd Amendment in 1973 added University of Delhi to the schedule. Other institutions are accorded as INI by legislations or statutory orders. [1] [2]
The Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPA) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'School of Planning and Architecture Act, 2014' and its subsequent amendments. [3]
Indian Institutes of Management (IIM) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the Indian Institutes of Management Act, 2017 and its subsequent amendments. [11]
All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'All India Institute of Medical Sciences Act, 1956' and its subsequent amendments. [12]
National Institutes of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Act, 1998' and its subsequent amendments. [13]
Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISER) are Institutes of National Importance through the amendments in the National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007. [14]
Aligarh Muslim University, Banaras Hindu University, Delhi University declared as Institutes of National Importance through Entry No. 63 union list-Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India.
As of June 2024, there are 171 Institutes of National Importance under various Acts of Parliament. These INIs include: 23 IITs, 20 AIIMSs, 21 IIMs, 31 NITs, 25 IIITs, 7 IISERs, 7 NIPERs, 5 NIDs, 3 SPAs, 2 NIFTEMs, 10 central universities, 4 medical research institutes, and 13 other specialized institutes. [15]
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur | Berhampur | Odisha | 2016 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2008 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata | Kalyani | West Bengal | 2006 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali | Mohali | Punjab | 2007 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune | Pune | Maharashtra | 2006 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram | Thiruvananthapuram | Kerala | 2008 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati | Tirupati | Andhra Pradesh | 2015 | IISER | Sciences |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 1960 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Andhra Pradesh | Amaravati | Andhra Pradesh | 2015 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Assam | Jorhat | Assam | 2019 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Haryana | Kurukshetra | Haryana | 2016 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2019 | NID | Design |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonepat | Sonepat | Haryana | 2012 | NIFTEM | Food Technology |
| National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur | Thanjavur | Tamil Nadu | 1967 | NIFTEM | Food Technology |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati | Guwahati | Assam | 2008 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur | Hajipur | Bihar | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad | Hyderabad | Telangana | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata | Kolkata | West Bengal | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali | Mohali | Punjab | 1998 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli | Raebareli | Uttar Pradesh | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Planning and Architecture | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2008 | SPA | Architecture |
| School of Planning and Architecture | New Delhi | Delhi | 1941 | SPA | Architecture |
| School of Planning and Architecture | Vijayawada | Andhra Pradesh | 2008 | SPA | Architecture |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rashtriya Raksha University [N 3] | Gandhinagar | Gujarat | 2009 | Central | Security Studies [16] |
| Aligarh Muslim University | Aligarh | Uttar Pradesh | 1920 | Central | General [17] |
| Banaras Hindu University | Varanasi | Uttar Pradesh | 1916 | Central | General [17] |
| Nalanda University | Rajgir | Bihar | 2010 | Central | Social Science [18] |
| Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University | Samastipur | Bihar | 1905 | Central | Agricultural Science [19] |
| National Forensic Sciences University [N 4] | Gandhinagar | Gujarat | 2020 | Central | Forensic Science [20] |
| Visva-Bharati University | Santiniketan | West Bengal | 1921 | Central | General [21] |
| Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University | Jhansi | Uttar Pradesh | 2014 | Central | Agricultural Science [22] |
| University of Allahabad | Prayagraj | Uttar Pradesh | 1887 | Central | General [23] |
| University of Delhi | New Delhi | Delhi | 1922 | Central | General [17] |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences | Bengaluru | Karnataka | 1847 | Medicine [24] |
| Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | 1962 | Medicine [25] |
| Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology | Thiruvananthapuram | Kerala | 1973 | Medicine [26] |
| Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research [N 5] | Pondicherry | Puducherry | 1823 | Medicine [27] |
The institutions known at the commencement of this Constitution as the Benares Hindu University, the Aligarh Muslim University and the [Delhi University; the University established in pursuance of article 371E;] any other institution declared by Parliament by law to be an institution of national importance.
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