In India, Institute of National Importance (INI) is a status that may be conferred on a premier public higher education institution by an act of Parliament of India for such institution which "serves as a pivotal player in developing highly skilled personnel within the specified region of the country/state". Institutes of National Importance receive special recognition, higher autonomy, and funding from the Government of India.
The Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPA) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'School of Planning and Architecture Act, 2014' and its subsequent amendments. [1]
National Institutes of Design (NID) are declared as an Institution of National Importance through the 'National Institute of Design Act 2014' and its subsequent amendments. [2] Footwear Design and Development Institute comprising 12 campuses is declared as an Institution of National Importance through the 'FDDI Act 2017'. [3]
National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli (NIFTEM-K) and National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur (NIFTEM-T) are declared Institutes of National Importance through the National Institutes of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management Act, 2021. [8] [9]
Indian Institutes of Management (IIM) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the Indian Institutes of Management Act, 2017 and its subsequent amendments. [10]
All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'All India Institute of Medical Sciences Act, 1956' and its subsequent amendments. [11]
National Institutes of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Act, 1998' and its subsequent amendments. [12]
Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISER) , National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) , India Institute of Science (IISc) as Institutes of National Importance through the amendments in the National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007. [13]
As of July 2023, there are 167 Institutes of National Importance under various Acts of Parliament. These INIs include: 23 IITs, 20 AIIMSs, 21 IIMs, 31 NITs, 25 IIITs, 7 IISERs, 7 NIPERs, 5 NIDs, 3 SPAs, 2 NIFTEMs, 7 Central universities, 4 Medical research institutes, and 12 other specialized institutes. [14]
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur | Berhampur | Odisha | 2016 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2008 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata | Kalyani | West Bengal | 2006 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali | Mohali | Punjab | 2007 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune | Pune | Maharashtra | 2006 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram | Thiruvananthapuram | Kerala | 2008 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati | Tirupati | Andhra Pradesh | 2015 | IISER | Sciences |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 1960 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Andhra Pradesh | Amaravati | Andhra Pradesh | 2015 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Assam | Jorhat | Assam | 2019 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Haryana | Kurukshetra | Haryana | 2016 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2019 | NID | Design |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonepat | Sonepat | Haryana | 2012 | NIFTEM | Food Technology |
| National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur | Thanjavur | Tamil Nadu | 1967 | NIFTEM | Food Technology |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati | Guwahati | Assam | 2008 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur | Hajipur | Bihar | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad | Hyderabad | Telangana | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata | Kolkata | West Bengal | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali | Mohali | Punjab | 1998 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli | Raebareli | Uttar Pradesh | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2008 | SPA | Architecture |
| School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi | New Delhi | Delhi | 1941 | SPA | Architecture |
| School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada | Vijayawada | Andhra Pradesh | 2008 | SPA | Architecture |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Allahabad | Prayagraj | Uttar Pradesh | 1887 | — | General [15] |
| Visva-Bharati University | Santiniketan | West Bengal | 1921 | — | General [16] |
| Rashtriya Raksha University [N 3] | Gandhinagar | Gujarat | 2020 | — | Defence Studies [17] |
| Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University | Samastipur | Bihar | 1905 | — | Agricultural Science [18] |
| Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University | Jhansi | Uttar Pradesh | 2014 | — | Agricultural Science [19] |
| Nalanda University | Rajgir | Bihar | 2010 | — | Social Science [20] |
| National Forensic Sciences University [N 4] | Gandhinagar | Gujarat | 2020 | — | Forensic Science [21] |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences | Bengaluru | Karnataka | 1847 | Medicine [22] |
| Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | 1962 | Medicine [23] |
| Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology | Thiruvananthapuram | Kerala | 1973 | Medicine [23] |
| Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research [N 5] | Pondicherry | Puducherry | 1823 | Medicine [23] |
The following institutes have been proposed as INIs through a bill:
The National Institutes of Technology (NITs) are centrally funded technical institutes under the ownership of the Ministry of Education, Government of India. They are governed by the National Institutes of Technology, Science Education, and Research Act, 2007, which declared them institutions of national importance and laid down their powers, duties, and framework for governance. The act lists 31 NITs. Each NIT is autonomous and linked to the others through a common council known as the Council of NITSER, which oversees their administration. All NITs are funded by the Government of India.
Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, abbreviated as IIEST Shibpur is a public technological university located at Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal, India. Founded in 1856, it is recognised as an Institute of National Importance under MHRD by the Government of India. It is controlled by the Council of NITSER. It is the fourth oldest engineering institute in India after College of Engineering, Guindy, IIT Roorkee, College of Engineering, Pune.
Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad is a public technical university located in Dhanbad, India. IIT Dhanbad is an Institute of National Importance, and is ranked among the premier engineering institutions of India.
Indian Institute of Technology Varanasi(IIT-BHU) is a public technical university located in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India. Founded in 1919 as the Banaras Engineering College, it became the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University in 1968. It was later designated an Indian Institute of Technology in 2012. IIT (BHU) Varanasi has 16 departments, 3 inter-disciplinary schools and 1 Humanities & Social Sciences Section. It is located inside the Banaras Hindu University Campus.
Indian Institute of Management Mumbai previously recognized as the National Institute of Industrial Engineering, Mumbai, is a graduate business school under the Ministry of Education (India), Government of India located in Powai near Vihar Lake in Mumbai and is ranked 7th among B-Schools of India as per NIRF 2023 rankings.
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are the premier autonomous public technical and research universities located across India, founded under the leadership of Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
The higher education controversy in Odisha is a sensitive political issue that has caused parliamentary walkouts, violence, and unrest, and has been the subject of scholarly publications regarding the Indian state of Odisha. According to media reports, there has been large-scale discrimination in setting up these institutions of higher learning against a few states, especially Odisha.
The National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007 was enacted by the Parliament of India to declare India's National Institutes of Technology (NITs), Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST) and Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs) as Institutes of National Importance. The former Act received the assent of the President of India on 5 June 2007 and became effective on Independence Day, 2007. The National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007 is the second law for technical education institutions after the Indian Institutes of Technology Act of 1961.
Indian Institute of Technology Indore is an Institute of national importance located in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. IIT Indore was founded in the year 2009. It was one of the eight new Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) started by the government of India in the year 2009. IIT Indore is officially recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India.
Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar is a public technical university located in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. It has been declared to be an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. Established in 2008, IIT Gandhinagar campus is spread over 400 acres of land along the river Sabarmati.
The state of Uttar Pradesh had a small tradition of learning, although it had remained mostly confined to the elite class and the religious establishment.
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are a network of engineering and technology institutions in India. Established in 1950, they are renowned for their academic excellence. They are under the ownership of the Ministry of Education of the Government of India and are governed by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961. The Act declares them as Institutes of National Importance and lays down their powers, duties, and framework for governance as the country's premier institutions in the field of technology. The act currently lists twenty-three IITs. Each IIT has autonomy and is linked to others through a common council called the IIT Council, which oversees their administration. The Minister of Education of India is the ex officio chairperson of the IIT Council.
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.
Vinod K. Singh is a Rahula and Namita Gautam Chair Professor of Chemistry at IIT Kanpur. He is also the Director's Chair Professor at IISER Bhopal & adjunct Professor at NIPER Hyderabad. He is currently the President, Chemical Research Society of India and the Chairman, Governing Council of IACS Kolkata.
India has a publicly funded higher education system that is the third largest in the world. The main governing body at the tertiary level is the University Grants Commission, which enforces its standards, advises the government, and helps coordinate between the centre and the state. Accreditation for higher learning is overseen by 15 autonomous institutions established by the University Grants Commission (UGC).
The School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal is a higher education institute in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, specializing in education and research in the field of Urban Planning, Architecture and Design. It is one of the two Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPAs) established by the Ministry of Education, Government of India in 2008 as an autonomous institute and a fully Centrally Funded Technical Institution (CFTI). It is one of the Institutes of National Importance of MoE India along with IITs, NITs and AIIMS. It forms a part of the league along with the other two SPAs: SPA Vijaywada and SPA Delhi. In 2014, Lok Sabha passed a bill to make all the three SPAs "centres of excellence" on the pattern of IITs and IIMs.
India has the largest numbers of engineers as well as the largest number of engineering education institutes and infrastructure in the world. As of 2021, India annually produces 1.5 million engineering graduates. India's technical education infrastructure includes 2500 engineering colleges, 1400 polytechnics and 200 schools of planning and architecture.
The All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) is a group of autonomous government public medical universities of higher education under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. These institutes have been declared by an Act of Parliament as Institutes of National Importance. AIIMS New Delhi, the forerunner institute, was established in 1956. Since then, 24 more institutes were announced.
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