In India, an Institution of National Importance (INI) refers to a premier public higher education institution granted special status by an act of the Parliament of India. Such institutions are recognized for their pivotal role in developing highly skilled personnel within a specified region of the country or state. Institutes of National Importance enjoy special recognition, greater autonomy, and direct funding from the Government of India. Some of India's top-ranked universities, including the Indian Institutes of Technology, National Institutes of Design, National Institutes of Technology, All India Institutes of Medical Sciences, Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research, Indian Institutes of Information Technology, and Indian Institutes of Management, hold this status.
The Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPA) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'School of Planning and Architecture Act, 2014' and its subsequent amendments. [1]
Indian Institutes of Management (IIM) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the Indian Institutes of Management Act, 2017 and its subsequent amendments. [9]
All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'All India Institute of Medical Sciences Act, 1956' and its subsequent amendments. [10]
National Institutes of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) are declared as Institutes of National Importance through the 'National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Act, 1998' and its subsequent amendments. [11]
Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISER) are Institutes of National Importance through the amendments in the National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007. [12]
As of June 2024, there are 171 Institutes of National Importance under various Acts of Parliament. These INIs include: 23 IITs, 20 AIIMSs, 21 IIMs, 31 NITs, 25 IIITs, 7 IISERs, 7 NIPERs, 5 NIDs, 3 SPAs, 2 NIFTEMs, 10 central universities, 4 medical research institutes, and 13 other specialized institutes. [13]
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur | Berhampur | Odisha | 2016 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2008 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata | Kalyani | West Bengal | 2006 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Mohali | Mohali | Punjab | 2007 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune | Pune | Maharashtra | 2006 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Thiruvananthapuram | Thiruvananthapuram | Kerala | 2008 | IISER | Sciences |
| Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati | Tirupati | Andhra Pradesh | 2015 | IISER | Sciences |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 1960 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Andhra Pradesh | Amaravati | Andhra Pradesh | 2015 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Assam | Jorhat | Assam | 2019 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Haryana | Kurukshetra | Haryana | 2016 | NID | Design |
| National Institute of Design, Madhya Pradesh | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2019 | NID | Design |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonepat | Sonepat | Haryana | 2012 | NIFTEM | Food Technology |
| National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur | Thanjavur | Tamil Nadu | 1967 | NIFTEM | Food Technology |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad | Ahmedabad | Gujarat | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati | Guwahati | Assam | 2008 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur | Hajipur | Bihar | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad | Hyderabad | Telangana | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata | Kolkata | West Bengal | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Mohali | Mohali | Punjab | 1998 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli | Raebareli | Uttar Pradesh | 2007 | NIPER | Pharmaceutical Science |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal | Bhopal | Madhya Pradesh | 2008 | SPA | Architecture |
| School of Planning and Architecture, New Delhi | New Delhi | Delhi | 1941 | SPA | Architecture |
| School of Planning and Architecture, Vijayawada | Vijayawada | Andhra Pradesh | 2008 | SPA | Architecture |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Type | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aligarh Muslim University | Aligarh | Uttar Pradesh | 1920 | — | General [14] |
| Banaras Hindu University | Varanasi | Uttar Pradesh | 1914 | — | General [14] |
| Nalanda University | Rajgir | Bihar | 2010 | — | Social Science [15] |
| Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University | Samastipur | Bihar | 1905 | — | Agricultural Science [16] |
| National Forensic Sciences University [N 3] | Gandhinagar | Gujarat | 2020 | — | Forensic Science [17] |
| Visva-Bharati University | Santiniketan | West Bengal | 1921 | — | General [18] |
| Rashtriya Raksha University [N 4] | Gandhinagar | Gujarat | 2020 | — | Security Studies [19] |
| Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University | Jhansi | Uttar Pradesh | 2014 | — | Agricultural Science [20] |
| University of Allahabad | Prayagraj | Uttar Pradesh | 1887 | — | General [21] |
| University of Delhi | New Delhi | Delhi | 1922 | — | General [14] |
| Institute | City | State | Founded | Specialization |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences | Bengaluru | Karnataka | 1847 | Medicine [22] |
| Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | Chandigarh | Chandigarh | 1962 | Medicine [14] |
| Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology | Thiruvananthapuram | Kerala | 1973 | Medicine [14] |
| Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research [N 5] | Pondicherry | Puducherry | 1823 | Medicine [14] |
The Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IIT Guwahati) is a public technical university established by the Government of India, located in Amingaon area, North Guwahati Village area, in the state of Assam in India. It is the sixth Indian Institute of Technology established in India. IIT Guwahati is officially recognised as an Institute of National Importance by the government of India. IIT Guwahati has been ranked 7th in Engineering and 9th in Overall category in NIRF Rankings 2024.
Indian Institute of Technology Dhanbad is a public technical university located in Dhanbad, India. IIT Dhanbad is an Institute of National Importance, and is ranked among the premier engineering institutions of India.
Indian Institute of Management Mumbai, formerly known as the National Institute for Training in Industrial Engineering and later as National Institute of Industrial Engineering, is a graduate business school under the Ministry of Education (India), Government of India located in Powai near Vihar Lake in Mumbai and is ranked 6th among B-Schools of India as per NIRF 2024 rankings.
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are the premier autonomous public technical and research universities located across India, founded under the leadership of Jawaharlal Nehru.
The National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007 was enacted by the Parliament of India to declare India's National Institutes of Technology (NITs), Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (IIEST) and Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research (IISERs) as Institutes of National Importance. The former Act received the assent of the President of India on 5 June 2007 and became effective on Independence Day, 2007. The National Institutes of Technology, Science Education and Research Act, 2007 is the second law for technical education institutions after the Indian Institutes of Technology Act of 1961.
Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar is a public technical university located in Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India. It has been declared to be an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India. Established in 2008, IIT Gandhinagar campus is spread over 400 acres of land along the river Sabarmati.
The state of Uttar Pradesh had a small tradition of learning, although it had remained mostly confined to the elite class and the religious establishment.
The Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers (IETE) is India's leading recognized professional society devoted to the advancement of science, technology, electronics, telecommunication and information technology. Founded in 1953, it serves more than 120,000+ members through 60+ centers/sub centers primarily located in India. The Institution provides leadership in scientific and technical areas of direct importance to the national development and economy. Association of Indian Universities (AIU), Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) has recognized AMIETE, ALCCS. Government of India has recognized IETE as a Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (SIRO) and also notified as an educational institution of national eminence. The IETE focuses on advancement of electronics and telecommunication technology. The IETE conducts and sponsors technical meetings, conferences, symposium, and exhibitions all over India, publishes technical and research journals and provides continuing education as well as career advancement opportunities to its members.
The Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) are a network of engineering and technology institutions in India. Established in 1950, they are under the purview of the Ministry of Education of the Indian Government and are governed by the Institutes of Technology Act, 1961. The Act refers to them as Institutes of National Importance and lays down their powers, duties, and framework for governance as the country's premier institutions in the field of technology. 23 IITs currently fall under the tenor of this act. Each IIT operates autonomously and is linked to others through a common council called the IIT Council, which oversees their administration. The Minister of Education of India is the ex officio chairperson of the IIT Council.
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.
Higher education system in India includes both public and private universities. Public universities are supported by the union government and the state governments, while private universities are mostly supported by various bodies and societies. Universities in India are recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC), which draws its power from the University Grants Commission Act, 1956. The main governing body is the University Grants Commission, which enforces its standards, advises the government, and helps coordinate between the center and the state. Accreditation for higher learning is overseen by various autonomous institutions established by the University Grants Commission (UGC).
Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs) are centrally funded technical institutes located across India. They are a group of 26 interdisciplinary technology-based-engineering research institutions in India which are focused on information technology. They are governed by the Indian Institutes of Information Technology Bill, 2014 which refers to them as Institutes of National Importance and lays down their powers, duties, and framework for governance as the country's premier institutions in the field of information technology. was introduced in the Lok Sabha. Five (5) Institutes of them are established, Fully funded and managed by the Ministry of Education (MOE), Gov. of India. The other 21 Institutions are set up on the public-private partnership (PPP) model, funded by the central government, state governments and industry partners in the ratio 50:35:15.
National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur (NIFTEM-T), formerly Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), is an academic institution with Institute of National Importance (INI) status, functioning under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI), Government of India located at Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. The institute offers academic and research programmes in the field of food processing technology. The institute has National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) accredited food quality testing laboratory which is also notified Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) Referral Food Laboratory. Food product development laboratory, food microbiology laboratory, post harvest pest management laboratory, food processing incubation center, Central Instrumentation Laboratory and food engineering laboratories are in its main campus at Thanjavur. NIFTEM-T is operating liaison offices at Guwahati, Assam and Bathinda, Punjab. These liaison offices have facilities to give skill development trainings, incubation and consultancy services to the farmers, entrepreneurs and students in the field of value addition of agricultural produce and food processing technologies.
The School of Planning and Architecture, Bhopal is a higher education institute in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, specializing in education and research in the field of Urban Planning, Architecture and Design. It is one of the three Schools of Planning and Architecture (SPAs) established by the Ministry of Education, Government of India in 2008 as an autonomous institute and a fully Centrally Funded Technical Institution (CFTI). It is one of the Institutes of National Importance of MoE India along with IITs, NITs and AIIMS. It forms a part of the league along with the other two SPAs: SPA Vijaywada and SPA Delhi. In 2014, Lok Sabha passed a bill to make all the three SPAs "centres of excellence" on the pattern of IITs and IIMs.
India has the largest numbers of engineers as well as the largest number of engineering education institutes and infrastructure in the world. As of 2021, India annually produces one million engineering graduates. India's technical education infrastructure includes 3500 engineering colleges, 3400 polytechnics and 200 schools of planning and architecture.
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Manipur (IIITM) is one among the prestigious Indian Institutes of Information Technology, a group of 25 Interdisciplinary Technical Universities of higher education started by the Government of India, focused on Information Technology. It is an "Institute of National Importance", declared by an act of parliament.
The All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) is a group of autonomous government public medical universities of higher education under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. These institutes have been declared by an Act of Parliament as Institutes of National Importance. AIIMS New Delhi, the forerunner institute, was established in 1956. Since then, 24 more institutes were announced.
The Ninety-third Amendment of the Constitution of India, officially known as The Constitution Act, 2005 enabled the provision of reservation (27%) for Other Backward Class(OBCs) in government as well as private educational institutions.
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