The following were the national records in the sport of athletics in Czechoslovakia maintained by the Czechoslovak Athletics Federation until the country's dissolution in 1993.
Key to tables: + = en route to a longer distance
h = hand timing
# = not ratified by federation
Mx = mark was made in a mixed race
OT = oversized track (> 200m in circumference)
| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 100 m | ||||||
| 200 m | ||||||
| 400 m | ||||||
| 800 m | ||||||
| 1000 m | ||||||
| 1500 m | ||||||
| Mile | 3:52.59 | Jozef Plachý | 3 July 1978 | DN Galan | Stockholm, Sweden | |
| 2000 m | 5:01.2 | Josef Odložil | 8 September 1965 | Stará Boleslav, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 3000 m | ||||||
| 5000 m | 13:24.99 | Jiří Sýkora | 1 August 1980 | Olympic Games | Moscow, Soviet Union | |
| 10,000 m | ||||||
| 10 km (road) | ||||||
| 15 km (road) | 44:42 | Ivan Uvizl | 15 November 1992 | Nijmegen, Netherlands | ||
| 20,000 m (track) | 59:38.6+ | Ivan Uvizl | 25 September 1980 | Ostrava, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 20 km (road) | ||||||
| One hour | 20114.2 m | Ivan Uvizl | 25 September 1980 | Ostrava, Czechoslovakia | ||
| Half marathon | ||||||
| 25,000 m (track) | 1:16:36.4 | Emil Zátopek | 29 October 1955 | Čelákovice, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 25 km (road) | 1:15:28 | Ivan Uvizl | 5 May 1991 | Berlin, Germany | ||
| 30,000 m (track) | 1:34:54.2 | Pavel Kantorek | 31 October 1962 | Stará Boleslav, Czechoslovakia | ||
| Marathon | ||||||
| 110 m hurdles | ||||||
| 400 m hurdles | ||||||
| 3000 m steeplechase | 8:23.8 | Dušan Moravčík | 17 September 1972 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| High jump | 2.36 m | Ján Zvara | 23 August 1987 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| Pole vault | ||||||
| Long jump | ||||||
| Triple jump | 17.53 m (+0.9 m/s) | Milan Mikuláš | 17 July 1988 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| Shot put | ||||||
| Discus throw | 71.26 m | Imrich Bugár | 25 May 1985 | San Jose, California, United States | ||
| Hammer throw | ||||||
| Javelin throw | 90.18 m | Jan Železný | 19 September 1992 | Tokyo, Japan | ||
| Decathlon | ||||||
| 20,000 m walk (track) | ||||||
| 20 km walk (road) | 1:18:13 | Pavol Blažek | 16 September 1990 | Hildesheim, Germany | ||
| Two hours walk (track) | 27310 m + | Ivo Piták | 16 March 1986 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 30,000 m walk (track) | 2:12:17.0 | Ivo Piták | 16 March 1986 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 50,000 m walk (track) | 3:58:28.1 | Ivo Piták | 12 October 1985 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 50 km walk (road) | ||||||
| 4 × 100 m relay | ||||||
| 4 × 200 m relay | 1:22.42 | Sparta Prague Jiří Mezihorák Milan Bělošek Karel Kopeček Jindřich Roun | 28 May 1988 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 4 × 400 m relay | ||||||
| 4 × 800 m relay | 7:19.6 | Petr Bláha Pavel Pěnkava Pavel Hruška Jan Kasal | 22 June 1966 | London, United Kingdom | ||
| 4 × 1500 m relay | 15:26.4 | ÚDA Prague Duan Čikel Ivan Ullsperger Stanislav Jungwirth Alexander Zvolenský | 22 June 1966 | London, United Kingdom | ||
| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 m | 5.73 | František Ptáčník | 26 January 1985 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| Jiří Valík | 10 February 1990 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||||
| 60 m | 6.58 | František Ptáčník | 21 February 1987 | European Championships | Liévin, France | |
| 200 m | ||||||
| 400 m | ||||||
| 800 m | ||||||
| 1000 m | ||||||
| 1500 m | ||||||
| Mile | 4:01.3 | Jan Kubista | 10 February 1984 | Los Angeles, United States | ||
| 3000 m | 7:48.8 | Lubomír Tesáček | 28 January 1981 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 5000 m | 13:39.0 | Lubomír Tesáček | 22 February 1983 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 50 m hurdles | 6.41 | Igor Kováč | 15 February 1992 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 60 m hurdles | ||||||
| High jump | ||||||
| Pole vault | ||||||
| Long jump | 8.18 m | Milan Gombala | 16 February 1992 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| Triple jump | 17.23 m | Ján Čado | 2 March 1985 | European Championships | Athens, Greece | |
| Shot put | ||||||
| Heptathlon | ||||||
| 5000 m walk | 18:27.80 | Jozef Pribilinec | 7 March 1987 | World Championships | Indianapolis, United States | |
| 4 × 200 m relay | ||||||
| 4 × 400 m relay | ||||||
| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 m | 6.23 | Renata Kubalová | 23 February 1991 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 6.0 h | Tat'ána Kocembová | 21 January 1984 | Ostrava, Czechoslovakia | |||
| 60 m | 7.21 | Eva Murková | 9 February 1985 | Jablonec, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 200 m | 22.76 | Jarmila Kratochvílová | 28 January 1981 | Vienna, Austria | ||
| 400 m | 49.59 | Jarmila Kratochvílová | 7 March 1982 | European Championships | Milan, Italy | |
| 800 m | ||||||
| 1000 m | ||||||
| 1500 m | ||||||
| Mile | 4:35.83 | Ivana Kubešová | 2 February 1992 | Bordeaux, France | ||
| 3000 m | ||||||
| 5000 m | ||||||
| 50 m hurdles | 7.00 | Blanka Henešová | 23 February 1991 | Prague, Czechoslovakia | ||
| 60 m hurdles | ||||||
| 3000 m steeplechase | ||||||
| High jump | ||||||
| Pole vault | ||||||
| Long jump | 6.99 m | Eva Murková | 2 March 1985 | European Championships | Piraeus, Greece | |
| Triple jump | ||||||
| Shot put | 22.50 m [2] | Helena Fibingerová | 19 February 1977 | Jablonec, Czechoslovakia | ||
| Pentathlon | ||||||
| 3000 m walk | 12:28.76 | Dana Vavřačová | 4 March 1990 | Glasgow, United Kingdom | ||
| 4 × 200 m relay | ||||||
| 4 × 400 m relay | ||||||
| 4 × 800 m relay | ||||||